USA > Pennsylvania > Philadelphia County > Philadelphia > Philadelphia as it is : and citizens' advertising directory containing a general description of the city and environs, list of officers, public institutions, and other useful information, 1834 > Part 1
USA > Pennsylvania > Philadelphia County > Philadelphia > Philadelphia as it is : and citizens' advertising directory containing a general description of the city and environs, list of officers, public institutions, and other useful information, 1834 > Part 1
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PHILADELPHIA
AS IT IS,
AND
CITIZENS' ADVERTISING DIRECTORY ;
CONTAINING
A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE CITY AND ENVIRONS, LIST OF OFFICERS, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, AND OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION ; 1
FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF CITIZENS, AS A BOOK, OF REFERENCE, AND A GUIDE TO STRANGERS.
WITH A NEW MAP OF THE CITY.
A
1 1
PHILADELPHIA : At
PUBLISHED BY P. J. GRAY, No. 8} North Third street, 1833.
F158 .44 P3
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1833, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
ALMANAC FOR 1833-4.
Sunday.
Monday.
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday.
Friday. 1
Saturday.
Sunday.
Monday.
Tuesday.
Wednesday.
Thursday. Friday.
Saturday
Nov.
3
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8 9
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7
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10|11
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123
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21
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24:25
26
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28:29
:30
25 26
27
28 29
30:31
Dec.
1
2
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6
7 June
1
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9
10/11
12
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9
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11 12 13! 14
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18.19 20 21
22 23 24
25
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22 23
24
25|26
27 28
1834|29|30|31|
29
30
Jan.
5
6!
7
8
9
10,11
6
7
1 8
2
3
4.
5
12
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115
16
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120.
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28|29|30
Mar.
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31
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71
8
Sept.
1
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3 4 5 6
9
10
11|12;
13
14:15
7
8
9
10|11/12|13
16 17 18|19
20
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18 19 20
23124
25
26.27
28/29
21 22 23.
24
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30 31
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April
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45 Oct.
1
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4
6 7 8.
9|10|11|12
.5 6
7
8
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13 14 15|16 17
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23 24 25 26
19 20 21/22,23 24 25
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30
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2 May
1
2
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9 10|11|12
Feb.
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1
1
:
REGULATION OF THE STATE-HOUSE FIRE BELL, IN CASE OF FIRE.
NORTH-One, One, One. SOUTH-Two, Two, Two. EAST-Three, Three, Three. WEST-Four, Four, Four.
NORTH-EAST-One, Three-One, Three. NORTH-WEST .- One, Four .- One, Four. SOUTH-EAST .- Two, Three .- Two, Three. SOUTH-WEST .- Two, Four .- Two, Four.
INTRODUCTION.
THIS work has been undertaken, from a be- lief that something of the kind is wanted, by citizens and strangers, as a book of reference, and guide to the numerous business concerns of this extensive city. Philadelphia as it is, comprises every information which may be required, and which, it is believed, cannot be obtained elsewhere without much loss of time.
It occupies a place hitherto unattempted, and forms a complete manual for the merchant and traveller, presenting a statistical view of the city, with the most important and useful details for the more frequent subjects of inquiry. Great labour has been bestowed in collecting and arranging the materials, and the general accuracy of the work can be depended on. Omissions must, of course, be expected, in a first attempt; and the publisher will be thankful to gentlemen who will point out any errors, which will be corrected in future edi- tions.
1
DISTANCES OF VARIOUS PLACES FROM PHILADELPHIA.
Boston,
-
-
313 Miles.
Providence,
-
-
-
287
New Haven,
170
New York,
96
Baltimore,
100
66
Washington,
.
-
-
136
Charleston,
681
Savannah,
794
Cincinnati,
496
Louisville,
700
St. Louis,
-
.
-
914
New Orleans, -
1,397
Niagara Falls,
660
Saratoga,
-
-
-
-
Albany,
-
-
250
Portsmouth, N. H.
-
-
-
369
-
-
-
-
.
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
640
-
CC
-
CONTENTS.
Page.
Almanac,
-
.
-
3
Regulation of Fire-Bell,
-
-
4
Introduction,
-
-
5
Distances of various places,
6
Contents, -
7
Description of Philadelphia,
.
.
-
9
Government, -
·
-
10
Public Squares,
-
-
.
12
Public Buildings,
13
Fashionable Excursions,
.
17
Wards,
19
Census,
-
21
Bill of Mortality,
-
-
23
Corporation, &c.
24
City Property,
29-52
Courts,
32
Prisons,
33
Fire Department,
.
.
.
·
35
Banks,
.
.
-
-
38
Insurance Companies,
44
Miscellaneous Companies,
49
Girard Legacy, -
59
Scott's Legacy,
64
Wills' Legacy,
.
.
.
-
66
Franklin's Legacy,
·
-
-
-
67
Churches, -
-
-
-
-
.
69
-
.
.
.
-
.
.
-
-
-
.
.
-
-
-
. . . viii
CONTENTS.
Page.
Libraries, (Public)
:
-
-
74
Libraries, (Circulating,)
-
-
-
-
Periodicals, -
-
-
O
76
Military,
-
.
-
.
78
Pilots,
Medical Institutions,
-
-
86
Literary and Scientific Institutions,
102
Miscellaneous Institutions,
106
Miscellaneous Information, -
*113
Packets,
111
Steam-Boats,
-
-
-
118
Stages,
- -
-
121
Public Buildings, &c. (List of )
-
131
Streets, &c. (List of)
142
Post Office,
168
Consuls,
176
Hotels, -
-
-
176
Boarding Houses, -
-
-
178
Custom House,
-
-
-
179
Advertising Directory,
0
0
181
-
-
-
-
-
.
-
-
1
77
Newspapers,
82
DESCRIPTION OF PHILADELPHIA.
PHILADELPHIA, the second city in size in the United States, stands between the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, five miles above their junction, in lat. 39º 57' N. and long. 75° 10' 59" from Greenwich, and is about 120 miles distant from the Atlantic ocean by the course of the river. The city was founded by William Penn, in the year 1682. The original design of the pro- prietor would have covered an area of more than twelve square miles, but by his charter of 1701, the plot of the city was contracted and declared to be bounded by the two rivers, an extent of about two miles east and west, and on the north and south by Vine and Cedar streets, an extent of about one mile. But the progress of im- provements, long since broke beyond these limited boundaries, and now we behold the city compactly built along the Delaware nearly four miles, though for municipal purposes, the boundaries of the city proper remain unaltered. The city is divided into the follow- ing districts :- the corporations of the city of Phila- delphia, of the Northern Liberties, Kensington, Spring Garden, Southwark and Moyamensing. The whole number of streets in the city and districts is about six hundred, varying much in width, Arch street being sixty feet, Market street one hundred, Broad street one hundred and thirteen, while others are much narrower.
1
1
10
GOVERNMENT.
The first municipal officers were appointed by the Proprietary, but the people soon manifested their dis- approbation of a system of government in which they had no share, and manifold were the complaints to the General Assembly of the abuses practised under it. On the revolution, this unpopular charter was abrogated by the General Assembly, and the city remained under the provincial government until 1789, when it was a second time incorporated. This charter continued in force until the year 1796, when the present system was established.
The government of the city proper is vested in a Mayor, Recorder, and fifteen Aldermen, a Select and Common Council, besides subordinate executive officers.
Mayor .- Under the act of incorporation of 1789, the Mayor was annually elected by the Aldermen from their own body; the act of 1796, invested the Select and Common Councils, with the power to elect, and by a supplement passed April 10, 1826, the Councils were no longer restricted in their choice to the body of Aldermen, but were authorized to elect annually any citizen of the city, to the office of Mayor. He is authorized to issue warrants to any part of the county of Philadelphia, for the apprehension of persons charged with having committed any offence within the city; subpænas to any part of the state, and also writs of capias into any county, for the apprehension of any person indicted or outlawed, for felonies committed within the city. He has the appointment of all the officers of the corporation, except the City Treasurer, and the Clerks and Messengers of the Councils. His salary is two thousand dollars a year, and he cannot
11
GOVERNMENT.
hold any office under the United States government pending his term.
The Recorder of the City under the act of 1789, was elected by the Mayor and Aldermen, for the term of seven years, but by the act of 1796, the appointing power was vested in the governor of the state, and being in a strict sense a judge, he holds his office dur- ing good behaviour. He is vested with the powers of a Justice of the Peace, and Justice of Oyer and Terminer, and General Gaol delivery for the city. He receives a salary from the state, and also from the city, and his office is incompatible with offices under tlie United States.
Aldermen. There are fifteen Aldermen appointed by the Governor, who are invested with the powers of Justices of the Peace, and have jurisdiction of all causes of action arising from contract, where the sum demanded is not above one hundred dollars, except where the title to lands may come in question, or actions upon promise of marriage. They hold their commissions during good behaviour.
Mayor's Court has the same criminal jurisdiction over offences committed within the city as the Sessions has for the county. It is held by the Mayor, Recorder and Aldermen, or any three or more of them, whereof the Mayor or Recorder shall be one. The Mayor pre- sides when present.
Councils. The whole legislative power of the cor- poration is exclusively vested in the Select and Com- mon Councils, who are annually chosen by the people on the second Tuesday in October. They receive no compensation, sit in separate chambers, and each body has a negative on the legislative acts of the other.
12
PUBLIC SQUARES.
The Common Council consists of twenty members, elected from such citizens as are qualified to serve as members of the House of Representatives.
The Select Council is composed of twelve members, from citizens qualified to serve as senators of this com- monwealth. They are chosen for three years, are divided into three classes, and vacate their seats in rotation, so that one third may be chosen every year.
PUBLIC SQUARES.
The various public squares, reserved in the original plan of the city, evince the foresight and judgment of William Penn. They are not only conducive to health, by promoting a free circulation of air, but are pleasant places for recreation to the citizens, during the heat of the summer.
Independence Square, which extends from Chesnut street to Walnut street, and from Fifth to Sixth streets, is tastefully laid out in gravelled walks, delightfully shaded by indigenous and exotic trees, and enclosed by a substantial iron railing. It is thrown open to the public as a promenade, and is a place of general resort. This square is 398 feet from east to west, and 470 feet from north to south.
Washington Square, extends from Sixth street to Washington street, 456 feet, and from Walnut street to Locust street, 370 feet. This square was formerly Potter's Field, but is now laid out in delightful walks, and is planted with a variety of beautiful trees. It is surrounded by a row of flourishing Linden trees, planted on a line with the curbstone of the street, and is also a place of general resort.
13
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
Franklin Square lies between Race and Vine streets, and Sixth and Franklin streets. Its extent from north to south is 632 feet, and from east to west 600 feet. It is also handsomely laid out in gravelled walks, planted with trees, and thrown open to the public.
Penn Square, formerly called Centre Square, is at the intersection of Broad and High streets. This space, though formerly entire, was in 1828, by order of Coun- cils, cut into four instict square, which have not yet been thrown open as public walks.
Logan Square extends from Race to Vine street, and from Schuylkill Fifth street, westward. This square is not yet improved.
Rittenhouse Square, is of the same dimensions as Logan Square, and lies between Walnut and Ann sts. extending westward from Schuylkill Fifth street, be- yond Schuylkill Fourth street. Not yet improved.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
The State House .- The circumstance of the Con- gress of the United States having held its deliberations within these walls, and the Declaration of Indepen- dence having been first publicly read from the steps, July 4, 1776, gives an interest to this building. It was commenced in the year 1729, and finished in 1735, and though externally plain, has a venerable appear- ance. The whole original expense was not quite six thousand pounds. The steeple by which it was for. merly surmounted was taken down about the close of the revolution, but in 1828, a new one was erected, in order to restore as nearly as practicable this venerable
14
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
building to its original features. It stands on Chesnut street, between Fifth and Sixth streets, and though for- merly isolated, the whole square is now occupied by public buildings.
Bank of the United States .- This splendid building, which is composed externally of marble, stands on Chesnut street, between Fourth and Fifth streets. The foundation stone was laid April 19, 1819, and the building was completed in August, 1824. It is mo- delled after the Parthenon at Athens.
Bank of Pennsylvania .- This building has fre- quently been pronounced the chastest specimen of Grecian architecture in the country. The design is taken from the temple of Minerva at Athens. The whole building is composed of Pennsylvania marble, The first stone was laid in April, 1799, and the whole finished in 1801. It stands on Second street, between Chesnut and Walnut streets.
The Exchange, when completed will be among the most splendid edifices in the city. It is composed of white marble, and stands at the junction of Dock and Third streets. The Post Office is in this building.
The Arcade stands on Chesnut street, west of Sixth street, 100 feet front, and extends north 150 feet to Carpenter street. The first story is occupied as stores and shops, the second as offices, and the third by Peale's Museum of Natural Curiosities. The cellars are occu- pied as refectories. This building which is of white marble, was erected in 1826-'27.
The University and Medical College Halls stand in
15
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
Ninth street, between Market and Chesnut streets, and are each 85 feet front, by 112 feet deep. Erected in 1830-'31.
The Mint stands on Chesnut street, near Broad street. It is of the Ionic order, built of white marble, presenting a front of 122 feet. It was commenced in 1829.
Pennsylvania Hospital, occupies an entire square be- tween Spruce and Pine streets, and Eighth and Ninth streets, containing about four acres. The institution was founded in 1750, and in 1755 the east wing of the present commodious building was erected, since which many additions have been made. In the yard fronting on Pine street, is a leaden statue bronzed of William Penn, on a marble pedestal, who is represented holding 'a scroll, having part of the first sentence of the "Charter of Privileges," inscribed on it. This statue was presented by John Penn, of London, to the Hospital, in the year 1801.
The Marine Asylum stands on the eastern bank of the Schuylkill, a short distance south of the city line. It is 386 feet long, consisting of a portico 90 feet, sup- ported by eight Ionic columns, and two wings each 148 feet.
The Alms House. A splendid and spacious build- ing for the reception of the poor stands on the western bank of the Schuylkill, opposite Cedar street. It was commenced in 1831.
Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb is a spacious building, constructed of granite, located on
16
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
the west side of Broad street, near Pine street. The whole front is 96 feet 6 inches, and 63 feet deep. The foundation was laid in May, 1824.
The Eastern Penitentiary of Pennsylvania. The external appearance of this building conveys a vivid idea of the magnificent castles of Europe during the middle ages. The walls are twelve feet thick at the base, and the principal front 670 feet in length. The ground occupied by it contains about ten acres. The corner stone was laid May 22, 1823.
House of Refuge, stands at the corner of Francis' Lane and the Ridge Road, in a plot of ground 400 feet in length, and 231 in breadth. The main edifice is 92 feet front, by 30 deep. The corner stone was laid June 21, 1827.
Theatres .- There are three theatres in Philadelphia : the Chesnut street, the Walnut street, and the Arch street. That in Chesnut street is near the corner of Sixth street. It is calculated to accommodate more than 2000 persons. The present building was erected in 1822. The Walnut Street Theatre stands at the corner of Ninth street, and is 96 feet 6 inches front, by 146 feet deep. It was built in 1809. Arch Street Theatre stands a short distance west of Sixth street, and will contain about the same number as the Ches- nut street house. It was built in 1828. '
The Water Works .- Of all her public works, Phila- delphia has most reason to be proud of that by which the Schuylkill water has been introduced throughout the city. In 1797, a plan was adopted which was to form a reservoir on the east bank of the Schuylkill, from which water was to be thrown by a steam en- gine into a tunnel, and thence carried to another engine
17
FASHIONABLE RIDES, &c.
house, at the centre of the city, where it was to be again raised by a second engine into a reservoir, from which it was to be distributed in pipes through the city. Ten years experience proved that a sufficient supply could not be obtained by this method, accord- ingly, in 1811, a new reservoir was created, and two large engines constructed, which, however, proved inadequate to supply the demand, althoughi the annual expenses were enormous. In 1819, the project of damming the Schuylkill, and erecting the works at Fair Mount was commenced, the whole cost of which was in 1824, $432,512, and the entire amount expended on the successive operation, $1,443,585. The con- sumption in the summer months is about 3,000,000 gallons for 24 hours, and the iron pipes through which the water is conveyed to the city and districts, make together an extent of about sixty miles. The sum annually paid for the use of the water is upwards of 60,000 dollars, and the experience of years has shown that the power is sufficient to raise many times as much water as the city can possibly require for its consumption .*
FASHIONABLE RIDES, &c.
The Columbia Rail Road enters the city at the ill- tersection of Broad and Callowhill streets, and its place of crossing the Schuylkill is about a mile and a
On the 1st of January, 1833, there were in the city and liberties seventy-two and a half miles of Iron pipes. The receipts for water rent the present year, amount to $77,567 75. Expenditures of work- ing the machinery, $1600-salaries, &c. $3500.
18
FASHIONABLE RIDES, &c.
half above Fair Mount Water Works, where a splendid bridge is now in progress. It is a fashionable and de- lightful ride in the cars to the river.
The Philadelphia and Norristown Rail Road enters the city at the intersection of Ninth and Buttonwood streets. It is completed to the upper part of German- town. In the summer of 1832, pleasure cars were placed upon it, with horse power, since which time locomotive engines have been employed. The cars run six or eight times a day, and the ride is as delight- ful as it is novel.
Gray's Ferry, renowned as the junketing place of our forefathers-where our grandfathers and grand- mothers danced and sung-where the scenery has a right pleasant smack of the antique about it, and where the floating bridge still swings as it did in the days of the revolution. To reach this spot, the tourist passes by one road the Naval Asylum and the Arsenal; by the other, the new Alms House, all worth a visit. Beyond the ferry we follow the Darby road, lined with the redoubts prepared for the reception of the English during the late war; turn off opposite the Blue Bell to Penrose's Ferry, making a pleasant ride of almost fifteen miles.
Laurel Hill-cross the Upper Ferry, and pass through the pretty village of Mantua. The Columbia Rail Road crosses the river at this place, and half an hour may be agreeably passed in examining the works and the scenery. At the Falls Bridge there are temptations of various kinds. The best plan is to push on to Flat Rock, passing the Wissahiccon, and through Mana- yunk.
19
WARDS.
The Wissahiccon is a volume of itself, unfortunately a sealed volume to ninety-nine in a hundred of the Philadelphians. There are several ways of getting at it; the stout, vigorous pedestrian, who, with his crabstick in hand, cares little about a good ramble, should make his way to Chesnut Hill, stretch beyond, to the intersection of the road with the creek, and there take the foot-path on the east bank. He has now about seven miles down the stream to the Schuylkill, and a walk unequalled for interest. A constant suc- cession of waterfalls, rocks, precipices, rustic bridges, picturesque mills, meadows and streams present them- selves. Pic-nic parties should leave their horses at the Falls of Schuylkill, and take the Wissahiccon at the mouth. The lovers of the picturesque, when fairly in the spot, will soon learn the geography ; the study will amply repay them.
WARDS.
The City is divided into fifteen wards, which are bounded as follows :-
Western Wards.
Cedar-From Seventh to Schuylkill, Pine to South, N. by Locust, E. by New-Market, S. by Moyamensing.
Locust-From Seventh to Schuylkill, Pine to Spruce, N. by South, S. by Cedar, E. by Dock.
South-From Seventh to Walnut, Walnut to Ches- nut, N. by Middle, E. by Walnut, S. by Locust.
Middle-From Seventh to Chesnut, Chesnut to Mar- ket, N. by North, S. by South, E. by Chesnut.
North-From Seventh to Market, Market to Arch, N. by South Mulberry, S. by Middle, E. by High.
20
WARDS.
S. Mulberry-From Seventh to Arch, Arch to Race, N. by North Mulberry, S. by North, E. by Lower Delawarc.
N. Mulberry-From Seventh to Race, Race to Vinc, N. by Penn Township, S. by South Mulberry, E by Upper Delaware.
Eastern Wards.
Upper Delaware-Seventh to Delaware, and Vine to Race, N. by Northern Liberties, S. by Lower Dela- ware, W. by North Mulberry.
Lower Delaware-Seventh to Delaware, Arch to Race, N. by Upper Delaware, S. by High, W. by South Mulberry.
High Street-Seventh to Delaware, Market to Arch, N. by Lower Delaware, S. by Chesnut, W. by North.
Chesnut-Seventh to Delaware, Chesnut to Market, N. by High, S. by Walnut, W. by Middle.
Walnut-Seventh to Delaware, Chesnut to Walnut, N. by Chesnut, S. by Dock, W. by South.
Dock-Seventh to Delaware, Walnut to Spruce, N. by Walnut, S. by Pine, W. by Locust.
Pine-Seventh to Delaware, Spruce to Pine, N. by Dock, S. by New Market, W. by Locust.
New Market-Pine to Cedar, N. by Pine, S. by Southwark, W. by Cedar.
Comparative Population of Philadelphia at different periods.
1790, 42,516
1810, 88,987
1800, .67,811 1820,
109,713
1830, 139,888
21 CENSUS OF 1830.
€
City.
WHITES.
MALES.
FEMALES.
Under 5 years,
4608
4500
5 to 10
3557
3847
10 to 15
3323
3956
15 to 20
4547
4944
20 to 30
7589
8763
30 to 40
4423
5154
40 to 50
2580
2963
50 to 60
1374
1833
60 to 70
985
1064
70 to 80
443
438
80 to 90
84
128
90 to 100
16
24
100 and upwards,
2
5
33,531
37,619
COLOURED.
MALES.
FEMALES
Under 10 years,
975
1041
10 to 24
1076
1872
24 to 36
1092
1066
36 to 55
695
894
55 to 100
179
351
100 and upwards
8
7
4025
5231
Total, White and Coloured in the City,
80,406
In the Liberties,
59,482
Grand Total,
139,888
2 *
22
POPULATION.
NUMBER OF INHABITANTS IN THE DIF. FERENT WARDS.
City.
Cedar ward,
6321
Chesnut,
4115
High street,
4427
Locust,
7117
Dock,
5378
Lower Delaware,
6863
Middle,
3632
New Market,
7443
North,
5796
N. Mulberry,
5804
Pine,
5540
South,
3467
S. Mulberry,
5364
Upper Delaware,
5763
Walnut, .
3428
80,406
Kensington,
13,326
Moyamensing, ·
6822
Northern Liberties,
2453-
Passyunk,
2441
Penn Township,
2507
Spring Garden,
11,141
East Southwark,
10,361
West, do.
10,474
59,482
Total,
139,888 .
23
BILLS OF MORTALITY.
1831.
ADULTS.
CHILDREN.
TOTAL.
January,
159
147
306
February,
166
170
336
March,
156
173
329
April,
197
162
359
May,
148
164
312
June,
114
198
312
July,
178
407
585
August,
156
286
442
September,
206
275
481
October,
175
203
378
November,
184
207
391
December,
380
328
708
2219
2720
4939
1832.
January,
253
361
614
February,
151
324
475
March,
218
298
516
April,
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