Memorial record of Alabama. A concise account of the state's political, military, professional and industrial progress, together with the personal memoirs of many of its people. Volume II pt 1, Part 1

Author: Taylor, Hannis, 1851-1922; Wheeler, Joseph, 1836-1906; Clark, Willis G; Clark, Thomas Harvey; Herbert, Hilary Abner, 1834-1919; Cochran, Jerome, 1831-1896; Screws, William Wallace; Brant & Fuller
Publication date: 1893
Publisher: Madison, Wis., Brant & Fuller
Number of Pages: 1060


USA > Alabama > Memorial record of Alabama. A concise account of the state's political, military, professional and industrial progress, together with the personal memoirs of many of its people. Volume II pt 1 > Part 1


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.


Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62



C 76.1 151 .2 t.1 737625


M


REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION


E ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02022 356 3


emorial Record


+ + +


0


ALABAMA


A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE STATE'S POLITICAL, MILITARY PROFESSIONAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS, . TOGETHER WITH THE PERSONAL MEMOIRS OF MANY OF ITS PEOPLE.


IN TWO VOLUMES.


ILLUSTRATED.


V. 2, pt.1


VOLUME II.


MADISON WIS., BRANT & FULLER, 1893.


-


563


-


1737625


INDEX.


VOLUME II.


Page


Page.


Page.


Abercrombie, J. J


:85


Brightman, W. M


490


Cranford, J. H.


1021


Adamıs. J. T


939


Brinkerhoff, W E


892


Crawford, B


616


Adler. L. J


Brockway. D. S.


926


Creath. J. P ..


:79


Aldrich, W. F


890


Bromberg. F. G


514


Crenshaw, J. W


1098


Alexander, J. D.


475


Brooks, M. M.


Crittenden, M. H


258


Allen, B. M


245


Brown. J. C.


479


Crommehin, J. G


057


Allred, J. P


815


Brown. J. J.


778


Cross, B. F.


617


Almand, C. G


940


Brouillette, P. L


456


Cross, S. E


612


Altman, J. J.


2245


Bryan, Y. L


823


Cross. W. S ..


Amerine, E. P.


629


Bryce, P ....


1083


Crossley, W. A.


830


Ames, W ..


500


Bulger, M. J.


997


Cumee. R. A. J.


1000


Anderson, F. Y.


246


Bulger, W. D.


$49


Cunningham, J. C


951


Anderson. J. C ..


476


Bullard, D


389


Cunningham, J. MeD.


352


Anderson, S. J ..


629


Burgett. J. R ..


510


Cunninghame, W


479


Andrews, G ...


630


Burke, P


516


Curl. W ..


Andrews, R.


350


Burns. T. R


944


Darwin, J L ..


437


Appling, W. B.


1019


Bush.J. W


249


Davidson. A. C


Armistead, E. S ..


020


Caffee, A. E.


Davidson, F. E


238


Armstrong, D. C ..


442


Caldwell. H. M.


2250


Davidson, H. C


657


Arrington. T. M.


631


Caldwell. J. D.


1034


Davidson, J.


657


Asheratt, J T


3.51


Cameron, W. J


251 Davidson, T. M.


59


Ashford, A. E ..


373


Camp. J. E. ..


Davis, F. P.


530


Askew. C H


Campbell, G. W


443


Davis. L. W


638


Austill. H ..


500


Candidus P. C.


517


Dawson, W. R


1002


Averiett. W. A


947


Cannon, W. J.


940


Dement, J. J.


45 7


Hailey, E. H. C.


Densler. J. E


899


Baldridge. M. C.


455


Carson. S. C ...


Dewberry, J. H.


432


Baldwin. B. J.


635


Cary, W. S.


833


Dickerson. W J


659


Ball. G. C


246


Chancellor. W S.


>95


Dimmick, J. W


659


Chapman. R. B


Dixon. J.


052


Bar bour, T. M


1071


Chenoweth, W. A


253


Donald son, J. T


052


Barker, G. W.


517


Chilton. W. P


Dorlan, P. B.


592


Barker, P. D.


5US


Chischin, R.


Donglas, C. C.


5355


Barnes. A


Cilley, P. N.


Downs. D. L .. .


619


Barnes, W. H.


387


Clark, F. B.


Dozier. C. H ..


Barron. J. D


636


Clark, A. H.


Drakeford. T. C.


446


Bates, R. P.


3.4


Clark, G. B.


5221


Duran. J. H.


899


Bean, J. M.


8.8


Clark, T. H


Durr. J. W


600


Beavers, S. W


941


Clark, W. G.


323


Echols, W. H


425


Beck, J. T ..


Clements, W. M


Edmondson. J. J


S-5


1 Bell, A. W


941


Edwards, D


001


Bell. W. V ...


Clisby. A. A


2254


Ehrman. R.


259


Bernev. C.


Clisby. J. H.


614


Embry, J ..


953


Berney, W


243


644


Emfinger, H. W


835


Bernheim, H. W


634


Cobb, J. E


441 Enslin. C. F


Fines. J. W.


9:29


Bestor. D. P'


503


Cobbs, J. L.


Enbank, A. Eubank, G.


261


Bethea, T. B


Cobbs. T.


Fairly. J. P


1035


Bibb, P ..


402


1 Cochran, J.


649 Falkner, J. M.


600


Bibb, R. J.


630


Cochran. T. L.


1035


Farley, J. A


Billing, F. M.


640


Cole, B ..


-01


Farley. L. B


261


Binford, H. A


458


Coleman, E. W.


1020


Felder. R ..


535 902


Blakey. D. T.


640


Coley. A. J


999


Ferguson. F. S.


Bloch, S. D.


Colher, D. R


Festorazzi. A.


537


Booker, E. W


Collier. T. A


Finley. J. G


1000


Booth, D. B.


511


Collins. J. S.


Fitzpatrick. B. F


537


Bowie. A ..


417


Cook. T. A Cook, R. E.


950


Fleming, D


665


Bradford, H. S


456


Cooper, D. N


Fleming, W. L


:33


Bragg, W. L.


1072


Copeland. R. P.


820


Corley, J


Brewer, L


1055


Cowart, F. J


Brewer, T. J.


943 Cox. J. S


Foreman. H


Brewer. W.


419 Crampton. O. L


Foster. H. B


1097


Brickell, R. C


150 Crandall, E. A.


Foster, R. C


375


1026


Clay . S. M ..


403


Edmonds, W


425


Cliatt. M. L


248


Berry, E. II


Cobb, R. W


Bethea, HI ..


400


Cobbs. J. B


25.5


Billups, J. A


Coleman, A. . A


Fengin, N. B


Blacksher. U


504


Coleman, T. W


655


Fell, R


1030


Booker, L. P.


358


Collins, J. W.


Fitts. J. II


949 Fitzsimmons, O. P


Bowles. L. H.


819


Fletcher, R. M. Flinn, B Fiynt, J. C


605 461


Ballard, A. N


247


Chandler, E. P.


Dinsmore, W. L.


Ballentine. E. S.


874


· Baltzell, F ..


625


Chardavoyne. W. V.


374


Dobson. W. W., Jr.


641


423


518


642


1082


Beck, F. K.


1030


Carlisle, C. M.


424


825


1


Brantley, T. K


777


Clopton. D.


045


Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016


https://archive.org/details/memorialrecordof21tayl


-


INDEX.


V


Page.


Page.


Page. 969


Fowler, M. H.


903


Hightower, J. T . Sr. 840


Law. T. J


Fox, D. J ..


263


HIM, H W


405


Le Baron, W. A


514


Franklin. W. E


954


Hill, L. L ..


691


Lee. N


905


Franks, W. M.


955


Hill, N.


803


Lee, T. J ..


970


Frazer, T. L.


390


Hu . S. H


404


Leeper. J S


907


Frazier, J. . 1.


182


Hillard, W. J.


842


Legg. A. C ... 408


Freeman, H. S.


620


Hitman, J. P


931


Le Grand, M. P


700


Freeze, J. M.


956


Hobbie, H. M.


601


Lessor, A


971


GatHard.R


1058


Holcombe, W. H


547


Lewis. W. H. Liddeil. J. R.


1048


Gaillard, T


1036


Holloway, A G.


Lightcap, S. E


534


Games, V. P.


535


Holmes, J. H.


Ligon, R F .


Gallion. Jo


450


Holtzelaw, J. T.


692


Lister, J. N ..


442


Gamble, F. . \


1021


Hood. H ..


695


Little, J H


Garmon, J. W


376


Hooper. J deB


Little, W G., Jr


24 5


Garrett, J. J.


261


Hopping, D. S.


Lobman, N ..


78


Garside, W. H.


Horton, J. A ..


¿06


Lockwood, J. L


250


Gaston, J. B ..


Houghton, W. R


281


Loeb, J.


Gaston. P. C


620


Houston, G. S


Loeb, J.


700


Geibel. J ..


673


Houston, J. H .. .


784


Lomax. T.


709


Gerson, A ..


673


Howard, W. B. H.


1033


Long, B. ME


1024


Gileurist. J. G


674


Howze. A. C ..


Long J. R


807 .


Gillespy, J. S ..


2014


Huey, B. MI.


7-5


Long. N. W. E


$.9


Gillispie, J. C.


621


Huger, C. L


54i


Longshore. A. P


Gilmore, J. 1 ..


1084


Inger, D E.


548


Looney. N. C.


Glass, E. R ..


Hulsey. N. W.


494


Lott, E. B.


Gletin, E. H


Hundley, O. R


461


Lowry, S H


40 5


Goode, R ...


539


Hurt, P. T


Luckie, J. B


Going, J. A.


265


Hurt, W. H


447


Ludwig. B. F


465


Grace, B. E.


:65


Inge, H. T ..


548


McAdams, H. C ..


909


Grahamn, E. A.


675


Iuge. Z. M. P.


5400


MeAuley, H. H.


350


Giravier, W. G.


ingersoll W. J


VeCary, J. H


Gray, A. W


>02


Ispell, T L. .


966


McCauts, R. B MeClellan, R. L.


400


Greene, S. E.


Jackson. H. M


6:5


Mcclellan, T. N.


710


Greil, J ...


676


Jackson, J. K


696


MeClure. W. B


361


Groce, W. B.


95> Jeffries, W. B.


MeCordy. W. D


4.0


.


Guy. H. G


Jemison, K.


2-3


MeDade. G. W. MeDonald, J C


411


Hagood, R. H.


269


Jenkins Family


1040


MeDonneli, H.


41.6


Hale, W. R.


677


Jobn. S. W


MeLowell. A B


846


Hall, J. L ...


6,7


Johnson, E. H.


>43


MeDuffie, J. V:


4:1


Hall, J. K. P


376


Jolmson, J .


MeEachern, J. F


84.


Hamilton, A. J.


493


Johnson, J. H.


907


MieEachin. J. S


35-


Hamilton, M


958


Johnson, J. T


402


MeElhaney. F. G


394


Hamilton, P.


540 Johnston, J. F


600


McGee, H ..


405


Hardie. B ...


878


Johnston, W. H.


287


WeGowen. G. W


910


Hargrove, A. C.


1090


Jonas. J ..


McGraw A E .... Melntyre. H.


761


Harris, G. W.


:69


Jones, A. B


463 Mckinstry, O. L


809


Harris, J. G ..


679


Jones, C. C.


Me Lain, D. H.


407


Harris, S. H.


Joties. C. P


698


MeLarner. F. H


Mclean, C. E.


557


Harrison, J. T ..


959


Jones, G ...


358


Melemore. M


712


Harwood, B. F.


783


Joues. H. C


35%


McLondon Family


STO


Harwood, J


784


Jones, J. P.


104


MeLendon, J. D.


-50


Hayes, W. N


404 Joues, J. T.


150)


MeLendon, J R


713


Haygood, W. E


Jones, L .. . .


McPherson, T. MI


-


904


Jones. M. J.


961


Joues. T. G


MeQueen, J.


Me Williams. R. E


104-


Hearin, W. J


4:111


Maddox. J. S


Joseph, E. B.


:03


Malone. C. E


Heaslet, R H


962 Keller, D. C.


Mamegold, I


715


Hetl.n, H P


Kelly, T ...


359


Marks, G M ..


715


Heflin, W ..


Kennedy, W. H.


Marks, S. B


~16


Heflin, W. L


>63


Kenney. J. M.


Marks, S. C.


Henagan, D.


980 Ketmon. W. P


Martin, A ..


1: 69


Henderson. C


Ketchumna, G. A


Martin, A. J


353


Henderson, J. M.


340


Kettig, W. H


Martin, 1. M.


Henderson, R. M ..


963


Kidd, W. H.


Martin, T. J


912


Hendon, J. J.


546


Kilpatrick. J. Y


1047


Mastin. C. H.


55 -


Hendrick, H. G.


003


Kimball, A


Mastin W. M


Hendrick, ni ..


$38


King, P


MANPy. J.


Massi -. P C.


הנו


Kolb. R. F.


7115


Manghon, M. D.


$51


Henry, A ..


Lamar, H


1023


Maupin, R. L


560


Fleury. A G.


135 Lambeth, F. G.


May, J. T.


~17


Herbert. IF A.


Landman, G. P


413


1-3


Herndon, T. H


Landman, J. I


:14


Lane, 1. (


Merritt, F. H. M-leair. H. B


519


. Lane, H. D


Laney. IL. N


Metcalfs. L .. S


354


Higgins, J H.


650 Langhorne, J. MI , Jr


790 ! Meyer. J. J


562


Freeze, B ..


455


Hillman, T T.


279


Leigh. J. H ..


933


Grillard, S. P.


538


HJHand, J. T.


391


Hanımel, L ..


545 Johnston, J. F


257


MeGelive, W. E


911


Harris, C. C ..


622


Jones, .1 ...


657


Harris, W.


Jones, D. D.


Melellan, S P


483


Green, G. W.


956


Jackson, G. W


957


Jackson, J. M.


495


Hails, C. E .


676


Jern gan, C. M.


253


MePherson. W.


Heacock, J. W.


Head. J. B


271


Jordan, H. J.


545 Jordan, I. N.


Hearne, J. T.


Marechal, E. L


Heffin. J. T.


Kennedy, H. R


Hendricks, J. M. Henley. I. T ....


964


King. J. W


1023


274


Mendor. D. J Means, T. A


Hewitt, G. W. Hewitt, R. G Hickman, W. P


210


Harrison. L. C


Jones, I. P.


393


550


Hazard. C J ..


1032


302


-


vi


INDEX.


Page.


Page.


M chel, R. F


721


Reed, C. H


320


Sprott: S. H


935


Mickle. H. M


Reynolds H. C


91%


Stansel. M. L


813


Miller, B. M


1052


Reynolds, M. C


320


Stanton, C. W


504


Miller, J. H.


Rhodes, E. D


9=


Steiner. B ..


334


Miller. J .


1051


Richardson. W. N


413


Steiner, L


~48


Miller, J N.


1032


Riggs. E. P.


3220


Stevens, G W


Miller. W. L


074


Riley, B. F ..


321


Stewart, J. H


798


Millstead. H. MI.


914


Rison, J. L


460


Stollenwere ‹, A. G


3:5


Milner. W. R. A


913


Rison. W. R.


470


Stone, G. W.


7.8


Milner. W. T.


303


Rives. G ..


Ston -. S. G


5.5


Mitchell. W. J.


$361


Roberson. J. G.


Stowers. G .1


326


Minge. J. H


Robertson, S L


322


Strassburger, H ...


150.


Mohr. C. T


563


Robertson, T L


325


Street. W J.


1015


Moore. J. A


791


Robertson, W G


Streety. J. P.


440


Morris. G. L


301


Robinson, G. W


Stringfellow, H


751


Morriss. S


973


Robinson. E. T.


435


Stru Iwick, E


Morrison, Z. P


362


Robinson, E. W


436


Summer-ed. J. F


590


Morrow, G. M.


304


Robinson. T. F


335


Summerszill, J.


397


Morrow. J C


305


Rolen. B. F.


336


Tatu.n. B ..


599


Mudd. J. P


306


Roquemore, J. D


1076


Taylor. T. J.


473


Mudd. W. S.


309


Rosamond. W. C.


1025


Teague. E. B


Murphree. J. D.


85.


Ross. D. A. G.


1010


Teague. W. M.


Murphy, J ...


468


Ross, W. C.


306


Tennville, A. St. C


753


Murphy. R. E


469


Ross. W. H.


542


Thomas, G. L


336


Nabers. F. D.


310


Rountree, S L.


633


Thomas, J. G ..


Nabers. W. F


311


Rowe. W. L


1011


Thomas. J. P.


Nash, J. T ..


934


Royal, H. S


Tuomason. W. L


33.


Nesmith. T. B


3.54


Rucker. E W


Rush. J. W.


730


Thorington. W S


754


Nierosi, J B


Russell, E. L


585


Thornton, G. M.


9-5


Nisbet. F L


Russell. E. M


Thornton. J. M


Norwood, J


433


Russell. J. H


Tomlinson, J. W


337


Nott. J. C ...


Russell. H. H.


970


Tompkins. J. R


604


O'Connell, J. C.


Kuss .11. R. W.


439


Tompkins. H. C.


9-7


Oliver, J. P.


1006


Salmon, R. V


1013 Torrey. C. J


bC6


Oliver, T W.


726


Sankey. J. T


713


Toulmm d T


208


O'Neal. E. A


Sayre. T. S


732


Trigt, J. S ..


459


Overall, G. Y


571


Scales. T. S.


Trotter. J .


338


Pace. S. W


977


Schmidt. B


Troy, D. S ..


757


Parkius, N


364


Schwarz. R. M.


487


Tucker, G. C.


618


Patterson. M. L ..


881


Screws, W. W


732


Tunstall, P. R


009


Peare -. L ...


4994


Searcy. R.


10-3


Tuustall. T. T


610


Pearson, R. H.


311


328


Turner, I. L


855


Pearson, W. G. B.


1072


736


Turvey, J S.


623


Pearson. W. W


724


Selden. W. X


IST


Tvn z. M. A.


628


Peebles, H. T


410


Sellers, A H


739


Tyson. J. R


Prevles. J. T.


410


Sellers. A. M


.40


Vau Antwerp. G.


611


Penn. T L


395


Semmes. O J.


FAS


Vandegrift, A. B.


Perry, H. W


312


Semple, H. C


742


Vandegrift, C. C.


93


Perry, S.


312


Shaffer. J. P.


1013


Vorenberg, D.


473


Peters. T.


312


Sheldon. L B


550


Vorenberg. I


474


Ietrin wich, F


573


Sheild. E.


295


Vaughan. F. A


1016


Phillips, J. H ..


314


Shelley, C. M.


Waddell, J. F


1095


Shepherd. J W.


1025


Waddell. G. H


339


Shelton, M B


32


Wagner, C. G Walker, A E


Pitman, A


454


Shivers O L


Walker. B W


764


Pittman, M. P


Sholl. E. H.


3:0


Walker. M.


Fittman, W. W


Siebs. J G


745


Walker, R W


765


Pitts. . L. D


694


Si klons, F W


Walker. W. A


3.0


Pitts, J W


916


Sims. A. G.


745


Walsh, W. F


611


Planck. D. A


Simjeon, J. D


470


Ward, H B


936


Pollock. J.


574


Simpson, R. M


3×1


Warren. I. R


Warers. W L


1012


Porter, R. B


Simpson, W H.


Waters. L


959


Powell. S. K


4,4


Singleton. W R.


919


Watts, T. H


Powell, J. R


312


Skaggs, W. H


Weakley, J. B, Jr


3:1


57 !!


Skeggs. H .A.


+ 25


Weakley, > P


371


*Powers. J. K


360


Skegss, W E.


626


Weatherly. O T


441


Prescott. C. A.


Sledge. W. H


5-9 Weatherly. J. M


343


Price. W M.


Sloan. M


590 Weatherly. J. S


Prince. F. M ..


319


Sloss. J H.


Weathers. B. F


573


Prince. S. T


Smith. C E


4522


Weathers. W


Webb. J. E


Webb. W. T


Weedon, J D


370


Pugh. E. C.


1000


Smith. J R


331


Weil. D


Weich, J. C


-1


Randle. D. C.


Smith. W. T


918


Whaley. E. S


Randle F. P.


Smithson. N


333 743


Wheeler. W. C


Wheelock. C


Rayburn. W. C.


19%


Sprake. H. C.


471 Whelan. (


344


Rebman, A. F.,


379


Speuce, R ..


White. D. C


1


Moss. H. C


015


Rohmer. F. J. B


5-1


Tay.or. H ...


921


Neely. E. O.


497


Rubira. S. S


595


Thompson, B. A


453


Nicholson, J. C.


Oden. J.


926


Russell. T. F


9,9


Toole. B. W


Olliphint. S. R


568


Saunders, J E


350


Trammell. R. J


362


Pickett, R. O ..


365


Pillans. H ..


573


Pinckard, J. S


1050


Shiver -. J. B.


370


Wallace, W. W


Pitts. S. R.


Simpson.J B.


Porter. M. T


Simpson, R T


370


152


Prowell, D. M ...


Smith. G. L.


Pryor, L. ..


411


Smith, J. F


953


Ramage. B


854


Smith. J. V


Randall, J. B


917


Smith. T. H.


591


Westcott, W. D


Wheeler, 1


Randolph. F. C Raybaru, S. K.


Somerville. H M


Sparkman. S. . 1


Pritchett. J. ..


4%5


Smith, N. C'


490)


Sears. J. W


Seelye. S D


Thompson, C. W


306


725


-


Powers, JJ F


Page.


vii


INDEX.


Page. 1


Page.


White, D. I.


475


Woodward. J. B


John. 8. W.


White, J


315


Woolf! H. 1


431


Jobn: ton W. H


259


White, J ..


Wortry, .A. N 861


Jones, J P


1042


White, J. M.


Worthy, O


Jones, T. U. ,01


White. W. S


415


Whitfield. B. W


1026


Wickersham, M. D


612


Wyman, B. L


351


Martis. .


1068


Wyman, W S ..


1008


Massey. J.


449


Young, T S


401


Midler. J 10:0


Young, W. A


355


Miner. W. J. 302


Wilkerson, C. A


790


Wildersou, C. W


346


Wilkerson, W. W


347


Wilkes. W.


902


Williams, D. H


937


Abercrombie, J. J


384


Williams, P . Jr ..


614


An -till. H


501


Williams, R S


773


Baldwin, B. J . 634


Williamson, C. P


Barker. P. D


509


Serews, W. W


733


Wilson, J. C ..


349


Beck. J. T.


1031


Semple, H C


743


Wilson, J. T.


319


Bestor, D P


505


Smit.i. G. L .. ..


592


Wilson. R E


616


Cochran, J


€18


Stansei. M. L. :.


812


Wimberly, H. T


400


Clark, G. B


520


Taylor, H


598


Witherby. E. T


925


Crampton. O. L


628


Thomas. J. G ..


601


Withers. S J ..


415


Dawson. W. R


1033


Thorington. W. S


:55


Wolff, B


Dorlan. P. B


533


Tompkins. H. C


759


Wood, A. C.


993


Falkner. J. M


601


Waldell. J. F


Wood. J. P


860


Gaston. J B


567


Walker. W. A.


Woodall, A W.


889


Herbert. H. A


684


Watts. T. H


Woodroof. J. W


416 Hewitt, G. W


:76


Weathers, B F


Woodson, L. G


350 | Holtzclaw, J T


6.3


Wheeler, J


1001


Willett, A. D


814


Wiley, A. A


Wiley. H. C


858


Madd. W. S 30%


PORTRAITS.


Pailoch J


575


Porter. M. T


316


Robertson. S. L.


323


Rognemore. J. D


1007


Williamson, T. F


399


Beck, F. K


1027


Seeiye. S D ..


Wilson. L M


1018


Brewer. L.


1054


Oliver. J. P. 1000


Overall, G. T


570


Wright, W. H.


451 Ketchum, G. A 551


Wyly. J. Men


Kilpatrick, J. Y 1046


Page.


1


1


1094 341


Russell, E. L


.


MEMORIAL RECORD


OF


ALABAMA.


CHAPTER VII.


ALABAMA IN FEDERAL POLITICS.


BY HON. HILARY A. HERBERT, MONTGOMERY.


EARLY POLITICAL PARTIES - SECTIONALISM - SLAVERY AGITATION - COMPROMISE OF 1850 - POLITICS UP TO 1861 - RECONSTRUCTION - REHABILITATION UNDER ANDREW JOHNSON --- PROGRESS FROM 1971 TO 1892 - PARTY ISSUES FROM 1874 TO 1892.


LABAMA, politically, was democratic from the organization of the state in 1819 down to the date of its ordinance of seces- sion, January 11, 1861. Its electors, in 1820. appointed for that time only by the legislature, voted for Monroe. The vote of the state was cast three times for Jackson -- in 1824, 1828 and 1832. and at every succeeding presidential election for the dem- ocratic nominee until 1860, when Breckinridge and Lane. states' rights democrats, carried the state over Douglas and Johnson, union democrats, and Bell and Everett. nominees of the constitutional union party, composed of old-line whigs and know-nothings or Americans. During the same period of forty-one years all of Alabama's senators at Washing- ton, a decided majority of her representatives in congress, and all her governors. were democrats. John Gayle, who held the office from 1831 to 1835, is sometimes spoken of as the one ante-bellum governor who did not .belong to the dominant party, but it appears from his official corre- spondence with President Jackson that, when governor, he rated himself as among the stanchest democrats. The line, however, that separated whigs and democrats was not then so clearly defined as it became in after years. In subsequent life. probably without any material change of opinion, Governor Gayle aligned himself with the whigs.


The Federal politics of Alabama cannot be comprehended without a brief glance at the origin and policies of national parties. There have


2*


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-


=


. 18 -OK


MEMORIAL RECORD OF ALABAMA.


always been in the United States two great parties-one aiming to con- fine the Federal government to the powers expressly and necessarily granted in the constitution, the other contending for a more liberal or looser construction of that instrument-a construction that would add to the powers of the government by intendment. or that, in other words, would permit the exercise of powers inferable from the general purpose of the constitution. These two parties began to take shape during the discussions in the convention that framed the constitution. In this con. vention, 1787. there were many delegates. especially from the smaller states, who were jealous above all things of any encroachment upon the right of local self-government. The colonies had fought a bloody war to establish their independence of Great Britain. They were now sovereign states and their delegates were no more willing to surrender to a strong central government in America the right to control the domestic affairs of their several communities than they had previously been to submit to such claims of the mother country. They insisted. therefore, on an enumeration in the constitution of the powers of the Federal govern- ment on equal representation of the states in at least one branch of the national legislature, and resisted firmly every effort to create a consoli- dated government. They were willing to have a more perfect union- one that would protect against foreign invasion, would insure domestic tranquility, secure the general welfare of all the states as such, and the rights in each state of the citizens of the several states: but they wanted a general government for general purposes only. So when the several state conventions had met to ratify the proposed constitution, those who held these views, not being fully satisfied with the coustitution adopted in convention, demanded and obtained, as conditions of ratification, amendments to that instrument intended to still more clearly define and limit the powers of the Federal government. Each of the first eleven amendments to the constitution looked in this direction, and notably the tenth declared: "The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively or to the people."


But there were others in the convention who were not so solicitous as to the rights of the states. These, headed by Alexander Hamilton, were deeply impressed with the failure of the government of the United States under the Articles of Confederation to accomplish its purposes. That government which had been in existence for more than ten years was falling to pieces for want of power to enforce its decrees or even to sus- tain itself by levying taxes. The purpose of the constitution now being framed was to supplant this moribund confederation by a stronger and better government. Extremists even advocated a limited monarchy, but the more moderate only favored such a central government as, being republican in form, should yet have absolute control over state govern-


19


ALABAMA IN FEDERAL POLITICS.


ments. Their purpose was to consolidate and make of many peoples one people.


As a result of conflicting views. the constitution of 1789 came forth a bundle of compromises, and immediately the friends of strong centralized government began to invoke all such canons of construction as would am- plify the powers of the new government, while those who had opposed con- solidation now contended for a strit construction of the constitution. Hamilton and Jefferson represented these opposing views. Hamilton stood for a strong central government, Jefferson for strict construction and rights of the states. They were both in Washington's cabinet "pitted against each other like game cocks." and around these two illustrious men the two great parties of the future began to form. Those whom Hamilton led were called at first nationalists, but soon they became known as federalists; their opponents called themselves republicans, afterward democrats. During John Adams' administration the federalists were all- powerful, and in an evil hour for themselves they were tempted to pass, in 1798, the alien and sedition laws. The alien law, the republicans regarded as an unconstitutional assault upon the right of personal lib- erty, the sedition law they denounced as an attack upon free speech. The enactment of these laws startled the republican leaders "like the sound of a fire bell at night." Jefferson wrote and the Kentucky legislature passed in 1798 a series of resolutions declaring fully the purposes for which the general government had been formed, pointing out the limita- tions of its powers and defining the scope of its authority. These reso- lutions created a profound impression. although it was not at the time known that Mr. Jefferson was their author. Madison. all the time in consultation with Jefferson, wrote and procured the passage by the Vir- ignia legislature of a very similar set of resolves. These were the cele- brated Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of 1798-9. The masses did not fully respond, however, until many prosecutions and convictions under these laws had demonstrated the despotic powers the government had arrogated. Then the people rallied around Mr. Jefferson, elected him president and put in office a congress that was in full sympathy with him. Thus did the republican party come into power; and President Jefferson, in his inaugural address, laid down in language which was as rhetorical and attractive. as that in the declaration of independence. what has always been regarded as the most perfect enunciation of republican (democratic) principles ever made.'


The death knell of the federal party had been sounded. It never acquired power again and the time was not far off when the word Fed- eralist was to become a term of reproach. So utterly was all opposition destroyed that Mr. Jefferson and his political- friends. Madison and Mon- roe, occupied the presidential chair for twenty-four successive years, eight years each.


It was during the administration of Monroe, that Alabama was, in


20


MEMORIAL RECORD OF ALABAMA.


1819, admitted as a state. The constitution of the new state was framed at Huntsville. It is the singular felicity of our form of government that each state is a community engaged in studying for itself the problem of self-government, with the laws and institutions of its sister states as so many object lessons for the guidance of its statesmen. Alabama, being the twenty-third state. had twenty-two designs to study. In addition to this advantage the convention called to frame her constitution. enjoyed the counsel of many men of ripe experience and rare ability. William Wyatt Bibb. a delegate and afterward to be elected the first governor. . had been a member of congress from Georgia; Israel Pickens had served in congress from North Carolina; William R. King had represented North Carolina in congress and had been secretary of legation at two foreign courts. A number of other delegates had the benefit of legislative experience before they removed to the new territory, and many of these and still other delegates were to enjoy high honor in the future of their state. William R. King, Henry Chambers, Gabriel Moore and Clement C. Clay were to be United States senators; Israel Pickens, John Murphy and Hugh McVay were to be governors, and others to be representatives in congress, supreme court judges, etc.


With such advantages and with such a delegation in its convention, . the new state could not fail to have framed for it a most excellent consti- tution of government. Its people had come mostly from Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky. The fame of its fertile soil and genial climate had gone abroad in these state, and the flower of their adventurous youths had come with other men of varied culture and expe- rience into this new land of promise. Nearly all these people were of revolutionary ancestry, trained for generations in the art of self-govern- ment. The prospect before the young state stretched out as "bright as a summer sea." True. its people had inherited slavery, and this was already considered by leading southern men, like Jefferson and Henry Clay, as one of the problems of the future. But Alabama was now a sov- ereign state and a member of a great union of states which would protect her in carrying out her domestic polities. In the constitution of the United States it was recited that one of its great purposes was "to insure domestic tranquility." and now, at the outset of the government of the state which came in during the era of good feeling. the most thoughtful of her citizens saw no danger in the future from the institution of slavery. The coming time was to be an era of peace and good will, and whatever problems might arise out of the institution of domestic slavery. ethical, social or moral. the people of the state would be amply able to settle in their own way. Little did these people foresee that a fierce crusade was to come from certain of their sister states and that the cru- saders were to denounce that constitution. upon which they were relying to protect them in their right to regulate their own domestic concerns, as a "league with hell and a covenant with death." But all this was in




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