USA > California > Sacramento County > History of Sacramento County, California, with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the county who have been identified with its growth and development from the early days to the present, 1923 > Part 34
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too scholarly and not lively enough for the times and Bausman soon left it. The "Regis- ter" office was at the corner of Fifth and J Streets and the outfit and dress of the paper were good. Houghton sunk a large amount of money in it, but the second day before the general election that fall, it died a peaceful death.
The "Register's" rival, the "Daily Demo- cratic Standard," a better paper from a purely journalistic point of view, was born February 26, 1859. J. R. Hardenbergh was its pub- lisher and Charles T. Botts its editor. It was a morning paper, about the size of the "Rec- ord-Union" and was a vigorous exponent of the doctrine of the Lecompton faction. In July, 1859, Botts became its proprietor. Its office was on Third Street, between I and J. June 2, 1860, it ceased its daily issues, and for some months appeared weekly, with M. G. Upton and Hon. G. Gorham as editors, but soon after the fall election in 1869 it became defunct after draining the pockets of its owners.
In June, 1860, Henry Bidleman & Company started the "Daily Democrat," issued from the "Standard" office, with M. G. Upton as editor. It made a lively campaign, but died with the election.
June 24, 1860, F. R. Folger & Company put forth the "Daily Morning News," a Douglas Democratic newspaper, and the Folgers were its first editors. Later, George C. Gorham and Albert S. Evans were its editors. It continued about nine months.
The "Evening Post," published by R. W. Lewis & Company in October, 1860, as an independent paper, subsequently became Re- publican in politics. Small in size at first, it was enlarged, and when it was five months old W. S. Johnson & Company took hold of it. Various writers became its editors and it was discontinued in September, 1861.
The Independent Order of Good Templars began the publication of its organ, "The Rescue," in San Francisco, in 1862, removing shortly to Stockton and then to Sacramento. Its first editor was Edwin H. Bishop. He was followed by W. H. Mills, 1864 to 1871. Then came Albert D. Wood, of Vallejo, who con- ducted it till 1876 and was succeeded by Rev. George Morris of Dixon. It was removed suc- cessively to San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Francisco again. In October, 1855, it was brought back to this city and George B. Katzenstein became its editor. The editors of the paper were elected by the grand lodge of the order or its executive committee. It has been removed from this city since.
The "Evening Star" was started as a daily by J. J. Beebe, Alexander Badlam, G. I. Fos- ter, J. Simpson, M. M. Estee and H. C. Bid-
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well, May 25, 1864. In was an independent journal. It sunk under financial difficulties in about three months.
The "California Republican," a Democratic paper of the hard-shell variety, began publica- tion January 4, 1863, and died a natural death that fall. The publishers were Conley, Patrick & Company, and the editor Beriah Brown, aft- erwards of the "Free Press" of San Francisco, which was destroyed by a mob in the early part of 1863.
The "Golden Gate," a spiritualistic weekly started by Ingham & McDonald in the spring of 1864, died soon after its birth, surviving only a few weeks.
Judd & McDonald started a gratuitous sheet called the "Advertiser," in 1860, but it lived only a few weeks.
December 23, 1866, Alexander Montgomery removed the "California Express," a Demo- cratic journal he had been publishing at Marysville, to this city, expecting patronage from the then dominant party. He did not receive it, however, and the paper, which was issued as a morning daily, died in July, 1867.
The "Sacramento Daily Record," published by an association of printers composed of J. J. Keegan, John L. Sickler, J. R. Dray and R. E. Draper, first appeared as an independent evening paper February 9, 1867. Its first edi- tor was Draper, who was succeeded in about a month by W. S. Johnson. He remained about a year and was succeeded by J. B. Mc- Quillan, who gave way in a few months to R. A. Bird. The paper was subsequently sold to William H. Mills and A. D. Wood. Mr. Wood was afterwards manager of the "Rec- ord-Union." A portion of the then and sub- sequent "Record" editorial staff, as also a portion of the "Sacramento Union's" then and subsequent staff, afterwards composed the "Record-Union" staff. Among these was E. B. Willis, who had been member of the "Union" staff, and also of the "Rec- ord" staff. The "Record" became a morn- ing paper December 2, 1867. At first it was a small five-column sheet, but after being en- larged several times finally attained the pres- ent size of the "Record-Union." During the winter of 1871 and 1872 the "Record" distin- guished itself by the fullest and most elab- orate stenographic reports of legislative pro- ceedings ever published in the United States, frequently printing morning after morning nineteen columns of solid nonpareil of the proceedings of the Senate and House. For several years the "Union" had published an- nual New Year's statistical sheets. The "Rec- ord" entered the same field January 1, 1873, and eclipsed its rival by publishing the largest and fullest holiday statistical sheet ever pub- lished in the United States up to that time.
Each year afterwards until 1906 it and its successor issued. a similar mammoth paper. It was the first daily paper here to publish and maintain a semi-weekly edition. The contest for patronage and public favor was very warm between the "Record" and the "Union" for years, and until they were consolidated in February, 1875. Thereafter the consolidation was known as the "Record-Union."
The "Expositor," published by C. D. Semple. as a daily and old-line Democratic paper, ap- peared July 23, 1867, and died the 9th of Sep- tember.
February 24, 1864, Richard Bowden pub- lished a juvenile paper, "The Young Ameri- can." as a weekly. It ceased publication eleven weeks after, on the death of Mr. Bowden, who was accidentally killed.
Several other weekly papers, of a local char- acter, were published about this time, viz .: "My Paper," "Pioneer." Blusterer." "The Anti-Office Seeker," a lot of State Fair papers, the "Sunday Times," "Hesperian," "Students' Repository," and others.
Charles De Young, afterwards of the "San Francisco Chronicle," began the publication in the winter of 1864, of the "Dramatic Chron- icle," a gratuitous daily advertising sheet of small dimensions. He removed it to San Fran- cisco about nine months later, enlarged it and published it until the "Daily San Francisco Chronicle" grew up from it, the old "Dramatic Chronicle" being swallowed up by the "Fi- garo" of San Francisco, published by J. P. Bogardus.
The "Traveler's Guide" was published as an advertising sheet weekly by L. Samuels and N. Towns in 1865. T. W. Stanwell began in the same year the monthly "Railroad Gazetteer," published by H. S. Crocker & Company.
The "State Capital Reporter," a daily Demo- cratic paper, appeared January 12, 1868, with a glowing announcement of its plans, and nom- inated H. H. Haight for President of the United States. By legislative enactment it became the litigant paper, in which all sum- monses had to be published. While this gave it a good income, it rendered it obnoxious to the entire press of the state and made it un- popular with the people. The act of Febru- ary 21, 1872, repealed the litigant act and de- prived the "Reporter" of its fat job. It ceased to appear as a daily, sending out its last daily issue May 7, 1872, when the law took effect. Thereafter it issued a half sheet once a week, to run out the legal advertisements on hand and July 30, 1872, it gave up the ghost quietly. It was published by a joint-stock company and lost money for every one who touched it. At first it was controlled by John Bigler, and its first editor was Henry George, afterward of
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the "San Francisco Post," who became widely known to the world as the author of "Progress and Poverty," and the chief apostle of the land theory of single tax. The paper was edited with much ability and for a long time was a vigorous periodical. J. F. Linthicum, an old editor who passed away in 1915, succeeded Mr. George, and kept up the able tone of the paper. John Bigler, ex-governor of California, who about this time had returned from Chile. where he had filled the post of minister, was editor of the "Reporter" some months before it died and conducted it with vigor and dig- nity. O. T. Shuck was its last editor.
The "Sacramento Democrat" was a small daily born August 3, 1871 ; died September 5, 1871, just after the election. It was started under the auspices of a publishing company, with Cameron H. King as editor, and its office was at the corner of Third and J Streets.
The "Locomotive" was a six-column weekly advertiser and local paper which was excellent in its way and did a prosperous business for some months with R. L. Lawrence as the man- ager in the spring of 1873. Its office was on J Street between Second and Third Streets. T. F. Case bought a half interest and subse- quently the whole interest, selling half of it to Dr. A. P. Truesdell, who became editor. The name of the paper was changed, becoming the "People's Champion," but in the summer of 1874 it threw up the sponge and was counted among the dead ones.
The only foreign paper, with one exception. published in Sacramento prior to 1885, was the semi-weekly "Sacramento Journal" (German) published by K. F. Wiemeyer & Company, and edited by Mr. Wiemeyer. Its first num- ber came out June 6, 1868, and it had a suc- cessful career for many years. The Sacramento office was at 314 J Street; and about 1890 Wiemeyer & Company established an office in Oakland, publishing the paper at both places simultaneously. It was Republican in tone and independent in its utterances.
H. B. Eddy early in 1873 started a small weekly paper called the "Valley World." It aimed at literary excellence, and was neatly printed and critical. Mr. Eddy died that fall, and the paper was continued for a few weeks, being ably edited by Rev. J. H. C. Bonte, rector of Grace Church and afterwards secre- tary of the University of California, since de- ceased.
The "Evening News," a daily, Sundays ex- cepted, and neutral, was first published March 26, 1869, by B. F. Huntley & Company. Vin- cent Ryan, a member of the firm, did most of the writing, with Frank Folger and W. S. Johnson in the other departments. The paper died in three months.
The "Sunday Free Press" was started in February, 1873, by Beers & Company, but its initial appearance was also its last, although it was a lively number, local and jolly, and its proprietors mourned its loss for grave finan- cial reasons.
In February, 1874, the "Sacramento Valley Agriculturist" began its existence as a month- ly, with Davis and Stockton as editors and publishers. In June, 1874, it changed to a weekly and the next month it bought up the old "Champion" material and was enlarged considerably. April 15, 1875, Davis sold his interest to W. T. Crowell. The paper was devoted entirely to agricultural matters, with a city edition on Sunday mornings, and some local news. It ceased publication many years ago.
The "Occidental Star." a weekly of four pages, devoted to the interest of the return of the Jews to Palestine, began in January, 1873, and ran for about five months, with Mrs. L. I. L. Adams as proprietor.
The "Winning Way" was a weekly paper edited and published by Mrs. Clark and Mrs. Potter and devoted to the cause of woman and sociability. It was started in September, 1873, and went the way of many others in February, 1874.
"Common Sense" was published as a weekly of four pages by Dr. A. P. Truesdell in Janu- ary, 1873, and discontinued in March, 1874, but was afterwards revived and published in San Francisco.
The "Mercantile Globe" was an advertising sheet published by Byron & Company, Aug- ust, 1872, and changed to the Sacramento "Globe" October 18, and published by Kelly & Farland. It ran for several months, sus- pended, and was again started by Raye & Ford, December 5. continuing weekly until April 17. 1875, being afterwards published at intervals by B. V. R. Raye.
The "California Teacher" was started by the State Board of Education about 1877, being purchased from the San Francisco Teachers' Association. It has had a checkered existence since, with various publishers, as a state jour- nal, under various titles.
The "State Fair Gazette" has been pub- lished by H. S. Crocker & Company for a num- ber of years at the annual State Fair, as an advertising sheet distributed gratuitously.
The "Evening Herald" was started March 8, 1875, as a small evening paper, independent in policy. The publishers were Gardner, Larkin, Fellows and Major E. A. Rockwell, a well- known journalist of wide experience, as editor. He had formerly occupied a posiiton on the "Morning Call" of San Francisco and had served a time in the legislature creditably.
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The "Enterprise" was started as a Sunday morning paper, by Crites, Davis and Alexan- der, August 29, 1875. It was well conducted and vigorous, but the proprietors were handi- capped by not finding a business manager to suit them and ceased publication with the ninth isue. It was printed from the old "Re- porter" type.
The "Seminary Budget," an occasional pub- lication by the young ladies of the Sacramento Seminary, was issued for some years, attain- ing some literary excellence and doing credit to its student editors.
The "Business College Journal" was issued occasionally for a number of years by E. C. Atkinson, now deceased.
The "Sunday Leader" appeared in October, 1875, issued by J. N. Larkin, who retained his connection with it as 'editor and proprietor until his decease in May, 1911, since which time his son, W. H. Larkin, who had been associated with him for some years, under the firm name of J. N. Larkin & Son, continues its publication. In 1884-1885 it was the official paper of the county. In politics it has always been straight Republican. Mr. Larkin was a veteran of the Civil War, straightforward and uncompromising, and had a host of warm friends who regretted his passing away. The "Leader" is a neat sheet, and presents a cred- itable appearance. John L. Davis is the man- aging editor.
The "Daily Sun" was started as a working- man's organ immediately after the adjourn- ment of the legislature of 1879, which provided for a constitutional convention. It was pub- lished by a company of stockholders, with William Halley as manager. When the dele- gates to the convention were elected and he was defeated, he withdrew from the manage- ment. A new company was formed and J. F. Clark continued as editor for a few months, when the paper ceased publication.
The "Sunday Capital" was started in 1883 by J. L. Robinette and C. C. Goode. It was a four-page folio, independent in politics and devoted to news and literature. After about a year Robinette disposed of his interest to Wil- liam Ellery Briggs, but six months later it was discontinued.
The "Sacramento Medical Times," after- wards changed to the "Occidental Medical Times," was started as a large octavo monthly in March, 1887, by five physicians and has been a successful publication. J. H. Parkin- son, M. D., has been its editor-in-chief for many years and among his associates have been W. A. Briggs. William Ellery Briggs, W. R. Cluness, Thomas A. Huntington and G. L. Simmons of Sacramento; J. F. Morse, W. H. Mays, Albert Abrams. W. Watt Kerr and D. W. Montgomery of San Francisco, and
J. W. Robinson of Napa. Of late years Drs. Cluness and Huntington have been residents of San Francisco. Dr. Simmons died in 1911.
The "Daily Evening Journal" was begun July 4, 1888, by H. A. Weaver and ran until October 1 following. It was devoted to gen- eral news and literature.
Charles Schmitt issued the first number of the "Nord-California Herold." a German pa- per, September 5, 1885, and it has taken front rank among the German papers of the state. Mr. Schmitt came to this state in 1865, and after mining several years, became one of the founders of the Abend Post, the second Ger- man daily published in San Francisco. In May. 1868, he came to Sacramento and founded the "Sacramento Journal" (German) and contin- ued with it till 1881. Mr. Schmitt is a ready writer of wide experience and intelligence and his paper has a powerful influence in the field it occupies.
"Themis" was an able eight-page quarto Sunday paper, published in the interest of Sacramento and devoted to dramatic and gov- ernmental criticism and miscellany. It was printed with large type and on the finest pa- per. It was started in February, 1889, by Winfield J. Davis, W. A. Anderson and George A. Blanchard. The editors were among the early residents of the city and county, thor- oughly conversant with its history in all re- spects, and eminently fitted for the task they had undertaken. The paper enjoyed a reput- tation for exceptional literary ability, and the cessation of its publication in 1894 on account of a division of opinion between its proprietors as to the policy of the paper during the great railroad strike of that year, was regretted by a wide circle of citizens, who had enjoyed the perusal of its columns.
In the early part of 1856 Dr. Bradley estab- lished the "Granite Journal" at Folsom, Gran- ite being at that time the name of what is now known as Folsom. He conducted the paper for several years and it became one of the most widely known papers in the state in that day of only a few newspapers. When the name of the town was changed from Granite to Fol- som. the "Journal" changed its name to the "Folsom Telegraph." The paper also changed hands about the same time, William Penry, afterwards treasurer of Amador County, be- coming the editor and proprietor, being suc- ceeded several years later by William Aveling. When Mr. Aveling died, his widow conducted the paper for a time, but soon sold it to Peter J. Hopper. About 1872 John F. Howe pur- chased the paper and from his death ten years later until July 19, 1884. Mrs. Howe held own- ership. It then passed into the hands of Wes- ton P. Truesdell, and he published it alone until August 1. 1888, when I. Fiel joined him.
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They conducted the paper until March 16, 1889, when Mr. Fiel purchased the entire in- terest and soon after sold out to Thad Mc- Farland. Since the death of Mr. McFarland, May 4, 1894, his widow has been the owner. The paper was ably conducted by their son, R. D. McFarland, as editor and manager, and was enlarged from six columns to seven. Since the death of the son, a few years ago, Miss M. F. McFarland has edited the "Telegraph."
The "Fairoaks Citizen" and the "Elk Grove Citizen" are more recent additions to the Sacramento country weekly newspaper list.
The "Galt Gazette" has been in existence for a number of years and has a fair circulation in the southern end of the county.
The "Daily Evening News" was started in 1890, by John Dormer, a well-known news- paper man of Nevada, and Wells Drury, also a journalist from the same state. Under their management the paper was published for two years. It was then purchased by John A. Sheehan and June B. Harris, who had been for many years attached to the editorial staff of the "Daily Evening Bee." Sheehan and Harris were very capable newspaper-men and the "Daily News" prospered under their man- agement. Their financial backers became inter- ested in a plan to have the city water-works pass into the hands of private interests, and as part of the bargain for the support of other newspapers, the "Daily News" was suspended immediately after an election at which the people voted to substitute well water for that supplied from the river by their own works. The plan was blocked and ultimately fell through.
Soon after the suspension of the "Daily Evening News," in 1893, the "Sunday News" was started by Messrs. Sheehan and Harris,
and was a pronounced success from the date of the first issue. About two years later Harris died, and his interest in the publication was purchased by Winfield J. Davis. In May, 1897, the "Sunday News" was sold to the News Publishing Company. Its size was en- larged and a large modern publishing plant was equipped for its issuance and for the printing of other important publications. Mr. Sheehan continued as its editor until his de- cease in 1910. He was succeeded by Emmet Phillips, his former partner and editorial as- sociate. Phillips died in 1918, and was suc- ceeded by John H. Miller, formerly of the "Bee" staff. George G. Radcliff, former state superintendent of the Capitol and grounds, bought an interest in the News Publishing Company, and is now president of the concern. The "Sunday News," because of the high cost of news stock and labor. was suspended in 1920. The company does a thriving publish- ing and printing business.
The "Sacramento Star" was started Novem- ber 21. 1904, being furnished by the Scripps- McRae telegraphic service, the Associated Press franchise for the city being owned ex- clusively by the "Union" and the "Bee." It is under the management of E. W. Scripps, who is the owner of a large number of papers on the Coast and in the West. It started as a four-page, seven-column paper, printed on a flat press and increased successively to eight, ten and twelve pages of eight columns, in June, 1907, and subsequently. Henry White formerly was editor and E. H. Carpenter gen- eral manager. Philip J. Sinnott at present is editor and publisher of the "Star" and L. H. Larash is general manager. The paper has grown steadily in prosperity and importance. There are several papers printed in foreign languages in Sacramento. .
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CHAPTER XXVII
CHURCHES OF SACRAMENTO
T THE FIRST church organization in Sacra- mento was Grace Protestant Episcopal Church, of which the present St. Paul's Church is the successor. During the first rush of the gold-seekers to the Coast the worship of Mammon was predominant. It seemed as if the lust for the yellow metal had taken prece- dence of all the early training of the men who had joined in the mad scramble for wealth. Church-goers and members, deacons, and even in some cases ministers, turned aside from the straight path and threw off all the restraints that religion had imposed on them. It is re- corded by Dr. Morse that one preacher de- scended to dealing monte in one of the early gambling tents, and another to playing faro. But many still remained faithful to their early training, and needed only the opportunity to avow their allegiance to the religion of Christ. The opportunity came about the middle of August, 1849, when Rev. Flavel S. Mines, of San Francisco, visited Sacramento, and for the first time a church gathering was had, and the beautiful service of the Protestant Episcopal Church was heard in the city. The place in which this and others of the earliest religious services were held, and which acquired there- by a historical reputation. was the blacksmith shop between J and K, on Third Street.
On the day following the parish was organ- ized under the name of "Grace Church, Sac- ramento," at the store of Eugene F. Gillespie, by the election of officers as follows: A. M. Winn. senior warden (Mr. Winn was at the time mayor of the city and presided at the meeting) : F. W. Moore, junior warden ; Eu- gene F. Gillespie, Henry E. Robinson, E. J.
Barrell, P. B. Cornwall, J. M. Mckenzie, William Prettiman and J. F. Morse, vestry- men. In the early part of September, Rev. R. F. Burnham of New Jersey visited the city and preached, and was called to the rectorship of the parish. His health. however, became impaired, and he died in April, 1850. Rev. Samuel P. Morehouse was then placed in charge of the parish, and held occasional serv- ices until about the 1st of October. 1850, when Rev. Orlando Harriman of New York became the rector, but as he was attacked by typhoid fever shortly after and was left in a debilitated condition, he was able to officiate a few times
only. During his sickness Rev. Mr. Pinnell and Rev. Augustus Fitch, of New York, offi- ciated several times. Mr. Harriman left the city and returned to his home in the East in March, 1851, and an interregnum followed lasting until 1854, during which Rev. Orange Clark, Rev. John Reynolds, Chaplain, U. S. A., and Rev. John Gungan officiated occasionally, the causes being the great fire of 1852, which destroyed the church records, and later the flood which inundated the city for several months.
In February, 1854, however, Right Rev. Bishop William Ingraham Kipp paid his first visit to Sacramento. He preached in the edi- fice of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and confirmed six persons. This infused new energy into the parish. July 29, 1854, the parish was legally incorporated under the name of "Grace Protestant Episcopal Church of Sacramento." A call was sent to Rev. H. L. E. Pratt, of Perth Amboy, N. J., who ac- cepted it at a salary of $250 a month, and held services for the first time on Monday, the 19th day of November. Bishop Kipp preached again in the same Methodist church on the morning and evening of September 24, 1854, and administered the Holy Communion to twenty-one communicants. it being the second time that sacrament had been administered by him in this city. Just previous to Rev. Pratt's coming. Hamilton Hall, on K Street, between Fourth and Fifth, had been rented by the ves- try and furnished as a temporary place of wor- ship. Services were held in this place for about a year, when a change was made to Pio- neer Hall, on J Street, between Front and Second, and while still using that place, Mr. Pratt resigned, in the spring of 1856. Rev. W. H. Hill, at that time rector at Nevada City, Cal., accepted the call to succeed him. His connection with the parish began in May, 1856, and continued until June 1. 1870.
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