USA > California > Yuba County > History of Yuba County, California, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, residences, public buildings, fine blocks and manufactories > Part 35
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S. C. Untehingx
George Merritt.
Calvin MeC'lasky
1. E. Brown.
1870.
A. DeC'ray
1871 ..
..
J. C. Bradley.
F. R. Lofton.
W'm. Edgar
1872 .. 1%. T. Crano.
John Steineman
1873
J. 11. Brwinan
C. F. Brown.
J. P. Brown
1571 .
Stephen Spencer
John Carter
Martin Knux
..
..
1875 ..
..
=
Fred. Buttelmann ..
.II. lohre. +C. K. Danı
Daniel A. Ostrom.
+C. G. Bockius. +R. S. Jenkins. ..
Jum. A. Flint
W'm. Hongsby
18773
..
1
=
..
1878 ..
Jesse O. Goodwin ...
B. P. Hugg
..
S. D. Words.
..
1879 .
BOARD OF stFfRVISORS
MEMBERS OF THE ASSEMBLY.
1860 .
1861 .
K. O. Crosby ..
Stephen J. Feld
=
..
..
N. D. Rideout.
Daniel McGanncy ... .
..
E. A. Harrington.
..
..
..
..
Warren Green ..
W'm. Carpenter
Lloyd Magruder.
J. 11. Hannon
D. L. Hlaun
E .. Lalor.
..
D. A. McConnell
..
..
Daniel Derrickson
( *. H. Fairfax
13. B. Redding
122
HISTORY OF YUBA COUNTY. CALIFORNIA.
CHAPTER XLIII.
FINANCIAL.
City uf Marysville- Early Chy Boude Table of City Bonds County Debt Bonds of 1953-1857 Haffronwel Borodin Summary of Expenen of Borrowed Money Talde of County Bonds -Table of County Receipts and Expenditures-County Assessment Roll.
Ou the thirtieth of April, 1855, un Act of the Legislature, " to pro- " vide fur Funding the Floating Deld, of the City of Marysville, and, " for the Extinguishment. Thereof," was approved. The Mayor, Pres- idout of the Council, and Treasurer were made "The Funding Com- " missioners of the City of Marysville," and their duties were defined. Certificates of stack were to la issued to cover the amount of the city's indebtedness up to the first of July, 1855. The Common Coun- vil wus ullewed to authorize the Board of Funding Commissioners to issue bonds similar to the others, "to an amount not oxcoeding ten " thousand dollars for the purpose of defraying tho current expouses of "the city nftor the first. duy of July, 1855." February 8, 1856, another bill was upproved for the purpose of Funding tho Floating Debl. Hunder its provisions, the Mayor, Treasurer, and Clerk consti- tulos the Board of Commissioners. In udelition to the other matters, the Common Council was authorized to submit to a vote of the citizons " a proposition to borrow u sum not exceodling thirty thousand " dollars, to bo expended on tho erection of an engine-house for tho " use of the Fire Department, nud for the erection of school houses." If two-thirds of the votes were in favor of this measure, the City Council were to authorize the Board of Funding Commissioners to issue bonds to that amount. February 5, 1868, two Acts were approved, one mnendutory to the other. The limit fixed for the annat of the bouds was soveuty thousand dollars. The act merely extended tho powers of the existing Board of Commissioners, and unlored them "to pay mto the City Treasury the sum of eighteen " thousand dollars" lying in their hands uninvested, which was to be placed in a fund callod cho Levee Fund.
Below is a tablo containing a list of the honds issued by the city of Marysville, id which any are outstanding. Owing to the incomplete and inneenrate records, no satisfactory results could be obtained in the examination of the hooks pertaining to the first issue of bonds, hence they are wquitted.
Yule county has several times been compelled to resort to the use of b.mds tostraighten her financialaffairs. The recklessness of expenditures in the first few years of the county's existence. the high price of lahor and material, the lack of anything valuable to form the basis of taxa- tion, soon plunged the county headlong into debt. The first year the
expenses were 839,000 more than the receipts, and the second year the expenditures were $18,000 in excess of receipts. notwithstanding the heavy licenses collected. In view of this fact, the Legislature passed an Act, approved April 10, 1852, authorizing the county to issue seven per cent. bonds for all warrants held against the treasury. Under this Act, warrants to the amount of 847,615.76 were funded. Tho old books are either lost, or so incompdete that it is impossible to give a complete history of these bonds. Notwithstanding this relief the county still continued to sink into debt, and March 26, 1857, another Act was passed by the Legislature, providing for the funding of the county debt. Under this Act bonds to the amount of $96,800 were issned. Of these, $53,600 were redeemed, and $43,200 were funded in hunds of 1868, as provided by an Act of the Legislature, approved February 13, 1868. Since then, there have been no bonds issued for general county expenses. Under an Act, approved April 28, 1857, authorizing the county to issue bonds to the amount of $200,000 to the San Francisco and Marysville Railroad Company, $100,000 in bonds were issued. For the honds the county was to receive an equal amount of the railroad stock. The Board of Supervisors, having refused to issne the other $100,000 subscribed, long and expensive liti- gation with the California Pacific Railroad Company ( successor to the S. F. & M. R. R. Co.) was maintained, which finally resulted in an Act of the Legislature, in 1861, allowing the county to com- promise with the mailrond company, by both parties releasing all claims. In 1868, $32,500 of these honds were funded, $67,500 having heen redeemed, and $73,775 having been paid in interest.
The condition of other bonds, issued by the county, can readily be seen, by reference to the subjoined table. The table also shows that the county las horrowed $466,815.76, for which there has been paid in interest $356,514.45, exclusive of the interest on the 1853 bonds, which could not have been less than $15,000; also that $302,915.76, have been redeemed, leaving the amount outstanding, or the total honded indebtedness, $163,900.
The practice of borrowing money for current expenses is certainly a costly one, and the burden of the issuance of bonds to aid supposed beneficial enterprises is more apt to he fully realized after, than before its execution.
ASSESSMENT ROLL SHOWING VALUE OF PROPERTY AND RATE OF TAX.
YEAR.
VALUE OF PER- SONAL PROP-
VALUE OF REAL ESTATE.
TOTAL VALUATION.
RATE ON $100
1850
$992,517
$1,451,543
$2,374,060
80 75
1851
1,198,206
696,206
1,894,412
1 15
1852
1,330,003
960,903
2,290,906
1853
1,750,668
1,948,799
3,699,467
1 35
1854
1,872,024
3,083,543
4,955,567
1 75
1855
1,789,449
3,320,355
5,109,804
2 00
1856
2,159,681
3,507,471
5,667,152
+ 1 50
1857
2,747,634
3,587,854
6,335,488
2 20
1858
2,679,882
3,201,843
5,881,725
1 96
1859
2,616,580
3,181,424
5,798,004
2 25
1860
3,032,435
3,366,856
6,399,291
2 10
1861
2,806,658
3,379,513
6,186,071
2 40
1862
2,276,780
2,721,644
4,998,424
2 45
1863
1,988,783
2,453,473
4,442,256
2 72
1864
2,363,623
2,351,036
4,714,659
2 00
1865
2,057,902
2,163,700
4,221,602
+ 1:85
1866
2,047,756
2,093,656
4,141,412
+ 2 01
1867
2,091,358
1,858,540
3,949,898
+ 2 04
1868
1,336,345
1,976,920
3,313,265
+ 1 50
1869
1,413,125
2,214,015
3,627,140
+ 1 78
1870
1,606,690
2,217,325
3,824,015
+ 1 682
1871
1,502,625
2,381,975
3,884,600
2 50
1872*
2,454,460
3,164,555
5,619,015
+ 1 75
1873*
1,584,445
3,330,305
4,914,750
2 60
1874*
1,922,385
3,403,795
5,326,180
1875*
1,675,835
3,359,105
5,034,940
2 60
1876*
1,207,265
3,235,780
4,443,045
2 80
1877*
1,231,750
3,059,915
4,291,665
2 80
1878*
1,206,240
3,089,840
4,296,080
2 60
- Full cash value.
+ Not including State tax.
2 50
ERTY.
-
-
PUBLISHED BY THOMPSON & WEST
C. L. SMITH &GO LITH OAKLAND CAL.
L.FOSS. D. FOSS. H. A.CONWELL W.N. SNOW.
NEVADA MINING COMPANY. NEW YORK FLAT, NEW YORK TP. YUBA Co. CAL.
R.ELLIOT. D GREER. E.B.WETMORE J. D. WETMORE,
123
HISTORY OF YUBA COUNTY CALIFORNIA.
EXHIBIT OF BONDS OF THE CITY OF MARYSVILLE, JULY 1, 1879
DENOMINATION.
ACT OF LEGISLATURE.
DATE OF ISSUE.
HATI. OF INTEREST. AM LAT INUID. AMOUNT HEDELMED. INTTRESTPAD AMOI VI OPP-FANDENR.
$25,000 00
3870
February 5, 1868, amended
5
June 1, 1870.
15 years frio dute.
> per cent.
50,000 00
1871 ..
1868-1870.
/ June 1. 1871.
15 years from date.
.זמירו זיאן "
55,000 00
. ... ..
1876
February 18, 1876.
April 1. 1876.
July 1, 1876 ..
> lær cent.
$155,000 100
$45,000 00
$73,500 D0
$113,000 00
Totul
EXHIBIT OF YUBA COUNTY BONDS, JULY 1, 1879.
DENOMINATION.
ACT OF LEGISLATI'RI :.
DATE OF ISSUE ..
WHEN DUK.
RATE OF INTEREST
AMOUNT ISSUED.
INTEREST PAID.
AMOUNT REDEEMED. REISSITO IN INGS. DU USTANDING.
817,615 76
County Debt, 1853
April 10, 1852
July 1, '57 to
January 1, 1>73
& per cent.
96,500 00
$0,496 00
53,600 00
43,200 00
County Deht., 1857
Murch 26, 1857.
May 1, 1859|
Feb. 24, 1859 January 1, 1869 to Nov. 21, 'Gul
10 per cent.
100,000 00
73,775 00
67,500 00
32,500 00
San Francisco and Marysville Ruilrond, 1858 April 28, 1857
Apr. 15, 1861 July 1, 1876.
10 per cent.
35,500 00
23,610 00
13,100 00
22,500 00
Hospital, 1861
February 9, 1861
July 2, 1866
& per cent.
65,000 00
22,480 00
65,000 00
Yulm Railrond, 1866
February 13, 1866.
to.July 2. 1x69 20 years from date
July 1, 1868 20 years from date
8 per cent.
160,000 00
129,336 65
56,100 00
Funded Debl, 1868
60,000 00
Yulm Wagon Rond uml Bridge } Interest and Sinking Fund.
Murch 28, 1872.
Sept. 17, 1872 to Mch. 8,1875
January 1, 1893
8 per cent.
60.000 00
27,018 80
* The books do not show the amount of interest paid on this issue.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES OF YUBA COUNTY FOR FIVE YEARS.
TOTAL
ROADS
TOTAL RECCIUTS.
SALARY AND
STATIONERY.
CRIMINAL.
HOSPITAL.
YKAI.
AND BRIDGES.
1
$1,423 40
$35 25
815,175 21
1850-1
$18,721 87
$15,338 32
23,829 19
993 17
4,122 66
1851-2.
11,183 65
25,642 90
251 00
337 00
9,975 42
1852-3
10,451 22
13,634 44
87,359 49
4,568 31
7,841 72
1857
33,267 99
24,228 86
14.445 70
*
SALARY.
GENERAL
=>3,274 59
$322 08
$6.774 57
$4,749 12
1878-9
$16,332 00
$20.135 16
HOSPITAL.
SPECIAL.
ROAD.
INTEREST.
SCHOOL
$31,982 40
$=2,513 55
$2.218 22
$1.473 10
1,364 87
36,205 1X
$478 00
3,52× 91
$50,694 05
811,735 73
41,680 21
-
$25,000 10
30,001 01)
11,500 00
55,000 00
1853 to 1855 Jamury 1, 1×60
7 per cent.
847,615 76
8103,900 00
February 13, 1868
OFFICE AND BUILDINGS.
EXPENDITURES.
. Warrants are now drawn against these funds.
124
HISTORY OF YUBA COUNTY. CALIFORNIA.
CHAPTER XLIV.
CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS .
Tomleury of Enenrbud Borlely Early Methods of Dealing with Prime-Vigilance Cour miton Their Arts frings Planner W. Thornton- I'mne of George Rowe-Attack en Yalas City Indians The Hardie I'm Morder Killing of bamber by Shattuck Wholesale Murders The Tanues Cane Robberies Highway Robberies-Joaquin Muri- etta Tom Boll Description of lila Peradi and Arts -Jito Welter-Duels -- Field and Harbour A Mork Doct in C'andanville.
Tle: natural tendency of society, when bft mucurbed by legal regulations is towards lawirAsuess, So it was in the early days of California. The population in the year 1848 aml the greater part of 1849 wns composed of n fine set of men, composed of the honest and intelligent element of the eastern cities mind States. But the next tide that flowed in threw njon our shores the refuse material from the Iurger cities on the Atlantic side of the Continent, and a horde of dis- charged convicts from tho Australian Colonies. The change in society was upparent immediately ; murders, robberies, highway robberies am crimes of ovory description bernme every day occurrences. Before this the miner placed no protection over his earnings and conkl walk through the dark streets or over the lonely plains and hills, feeling perfect Anfoly in his solitude; now his gold dust must be hidden or placed in somo seenre rotrent, and his pilgrimage must be made in the light of day or in the company of others. Legal proceedings wore carried on under the old Mexican laws, and with the insufficient force of officers it was ditlienh, to apprehend und convict a man of n crime. The miners, realizing that fuet mund knowing the consequence of leniency toward the criminal eluss, took the law into their own hands. A crime was connnitted, the neighboring miners quickly captured the suspected per- Non; a judge was appointed, a jury summoned and sworn; attorneys (unlearned in the Inw) were provided, and the trinl proceeded with all the gravity nad formality of n legally organized cont. The testimony was hoard, arguments made, and the case placed in the hands of this jury. Choir decision was final, and upon it deponded in most instancee the life of the prisoner, for hanging in those days was the favorite punishment for mordor nul oven stealing. Of the many peculiar cases in the criminal record of Yuba County, we will recount a few of the most prominent, and interesting.
VIGILANCE COMMITTEE.
Soon after the organization of the celebrated Vigilance Committee in San Francisen, the people of Marysville concluded to unite and form a similar institution for mutual protection. The tendency of the actions in the metropolis was to drive the criminal class into the interior cities, and it was for this reason partly that the Vigilance Committee was formed in Marysville. July 31. 1851, the address of Dr. J. S. Wright, the newly elected President, was published in the Herakl. It was a clear exposition of the condition of affairs and the necessity for the ex-
istence of the " Citizen Judiciary." Abont August of the same year. a Vigilance Committee was organized at Barton's Bar, on the Yuha river. probably growing ont of the action taken in punishing a man named Reynolds, a gun thief. At a meeting of the Marysville Committee, hell August 19, 1851, the following resolutions were passed, which clearly show the spirit of the organization :-
" Resolved, That this committee will never lend its aid to any man "or set of men, for the purpose of disorganizing established govern- "ment or nullifying the laws."
" Resolved, That our aim and object is to create order in society, and " not to foster anarchy and confusion."
October 13, 1851, F. W. Shaeffer, J. H. Jewett and R. A. Eddy were appointed a committee to make assessments, to collect the same, to defray the debt and to dispose of the property of the organization. A committee of ten consisting of F. W. Shaeffer, J. L. McDnffie, R. A. Eikdly, W. W. Smith, Horace Beach, L. Steinhart, Charles Gleason, John G. Smith, Charles Ball and E. Woodruff, were appointed a stand- ing executive committee. The general committee finding no more work to perform ceased active operations.
CRIMES.
A singular instance of assault occurred in 1854; Plummer W. Thurston, proprietor of the Eldorado Saloon, met Dr. Winters as he was disembarking from a steamer at the landing, satchel in hand, and strnek at him with a piece of wood or a cane. In warding off the blow, Winters' arm was broken, when being at the mercy of the assailant he was severely beaten. Thurston was indicted hy the Grand Jury, and after a trial was sentenced to six months' imprisonment in the penitentiary. An appeal was taken to the District Court, which had no jurisdiction. The case lingered along, until some months after attention was called to it hy a communication from Judge O. P. Stidger in the Herald. Tbe day it appeared that gentleman was met by Thuston and assaulted. Judge Barhour also seconded the assault with a knife. Being between two fires, Judge Stidger was very cruelly treated. Plummer Thurston was afterwards killed in Panama.
A pccnliar case was that of George Rowe, County Treasurer. In August, 1851, an indictment was found against him for neglect of duty. When brought before the Court of Sessions, a nolle prosequi was en- tered. December 2, 1851, Mr. Rowe having been again indicted was brought into the District Court charged with having " wilfully and cor- " ruptly collected from divers and sundry persons of said (Yuba) county, " the scrip of the said county in payment of taxes and licenses, having " procured by fraud and collusion with other persons to supply depre- " ciated scrip and furnish the same to the persons offering to pay their " taxes, and that the defendant and his procurer divided the profits in
" money thus made hy the illegal supply of said scrip which was- in " faet first paid the defendant in gold and silver." A motion to qunsh the indictment was entered and sustained. A third indictment was. found in April, 1852, relative to the condition of the books and papers in his office. The matter was dropped and Rowe was re-elected whon his term of office expired.
On the seventh or eighth of August, 1851, a couple of Indians from Yuba City were caught on the Yuha river, near Rose's ranch, stoaling watermelons. They received a severe whipping and were thrown into the river. On Sunday, the tenth, a party of forty whites went from Rose's to Yuba City and demanded the surrender of an Indian who" hul becu committing some depredations on the Yuhn river. They were perfectly willing to give up the guilty party provided he was to- cognized by the whites. Being unable to do this and sceing an old Indian crossing the river, he was declared to be the guilty party. The party commenced a hrisk fire on the voyager, and tho Indians who knew him to be innocent, returned the fire. Several on both sides were wounded and the whites were compelled to retreat. The citizens of Yuba City met and passcd resolutions severely condemning the ac- tion of the white men and agreeing to protect the Indians in the future.
THE BURDUE CASE.
In December, 1850, a man named Charles Moore, of Winslow Bar, Yuba County, was murdered near Dobbins' Ranch, hy Jim Stewart .. The murderer escaped and could not be apprehended. On the nine- teenth of February, 1851, the store of C. J. Jansen & Co., in San Francisco, was entered, and Mr. Jansen was cruelly maltreated and left for dead. The store was robbed, and the perpetrators escaped. The next day two men were arrested, one supposed to be Jim Stewart, and the other named Windfred. The first was accused of the murder of Mr. Moore, and while in custody was also charged with committing this later crime. Owing to the inefficient and non-zealous police and judiciary, the citizens decided to take the matter into their own hands. About three thousand people gathercd at the City Hall; twelve men were chosen as a jury; W. T. Coleman was appointed prosecutor; and two lawyers, Hall McAllister and D. D. Sbattuck, were clrosen to defend the accused. Although one of the prisoners stoutly protested that be was not Jim Stewart, and that his name was Thomas Burdue, tbe injured man, Mr. Janson, swore positively to his identity. Tbe jury, bowever, could not agree upon a verdict, three standing out for acquittal. It was with great difficulty that the prisoners could be kept from the bands of the infuriated mob, who were inclined to make sbort work of all criminals. They were handed over to the proper authorities, and upon trial found guilty. The sentence imposed was six (by some stated at fourteen) years' imprisonment. Windfred escapeil,
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Åt-
GARDEN RANCHO FIAT. MINING CLAIM OF KENDALL & ROBERTS. NEW YORK TP. YUBA CO. CAL.
PUBLISHED BY THOMPSON & WEST.
C. L. SMITH & UP WITH DAHLINO C.L.
HISTORY OF YUBA COUNTY CALIFORNIA.
and the supposed Stewart was delivered to the officials of Yulas county, to he tried for murder. The trial took place, and the whole watler turned upon the question of identity, the prisoner still main. taining that he was not dim Stewart. There was no doubt of his guilt if his assertion coubl b: proved untrue. Charles H. Bryan all Jess: O. Goodwin priscented, whib: Francis L. Aude and Richand S. Mesick defembal. A cloud of witnesses testified, as many as fifty of them shoutly declaring that the prisoner was Stewart, and that there coubl be no mistake. B. F. Washington, n former city Judge of St. mmenlo, nverred that this was the grimine Stewart, who had been often todure him on different charges, and bruce he had abundant mquinnity of becoming nemminted with him. There were many peculiarition mal works by which it was endeavored to prove the iden- City, Prominent among the friends and champions of the prisoner was Judge O. P. Stilger, who fought onergetically in the cause; luit it pouved of nonvail, Who jury guve their decision of " guilty," and the denth Amteuco was soon lo be passedl. In his efforts to free himself from this mistaken charge the prisoner land expended all of his money. Honto own thansimul five Imudred dollars, aml he was now left to his Tale, Suvo Ulm continual efforts of his few friends, mong whom still wny Judge Slidger. Hope vanished, and the public were congratulat- ing tlinselves ou The snecessful trial und conviction of one murderer, when suchleuly news came from San Francisco that the Vigilantes Ind raptured mol exon the road im Stewart Judge Siger and ollier persons from this vicinity wont to that city and examined the body of the man, and hoenme convinced that he was the real party. llis confession of the dleeds had also been seenred. Ou the eighth of August, in the District Court, Judge Mott presiding. F. L. Andr, one of the counsel, applied for a new trial of Thomas Burdue, on the grund What The real Jim Stewart had been found. The application was granted, a nolle prosequi was entered, and the case dismissed. Burdne went to, San Francisco, where similar proceedings were had ou tho charge of robbery and the attended murder of dansen. He was finally released on the third of September, and a purse was made up for him. Thus ouded one of the most remarkable cases in the erim- inal record of the State.
In 1850, a man named Groenwood was shot in the Eldorado saloon. lu the same year a man named Mills, who, with a party. had been at work damming the river at Foster Bar, failed to pay one of his laborers named Geiger. The latter followed Mills to Marysville, mid mreting him on D street, between First and Second streets, demanded his wages. Mills being unable to accede, Geigar shot him without the least warning. In 1858, the murderer was caught and brought back to be tried, but although every one thought they knew him. no one would swear on the stand to his identity. He was therefore released.
and went to SAMA, where in the or late, I was shot by a sutle man tannel Mod'arts.
In July, isol. the parties. I. I II. Adrianer. John Washer. and a Mr. Shattuck, were working at the head of a suven on Yuh river, mar Fester Bu One day when Adruhe returned, after a short Bleu . from can be could not find Dasher. Shattuck w. sense of his murder, and salesquently information was given to the authorities. Shattuck was arrested on complaint of Adriana, what testified that the prisoner tried to kill him, but after knocking him down with a stick of wo wh, spared his life. at the same time confess. ing that he had killed Dasher. The body of the murdered man was ford buried only six inches beneath the surface of the ground, about thirty fost fran the tout of the three partners. Shattuck lid in jail at Marysville nlwest five months, and was finally dischargel. as the witness against him could not in found.
A woman of land repute at Downieville, in June 1Sal, killed a man by the mane of Common, who had done some damage to ler calin the night before while in a spare, and who had then called to pay for the shine. The citizens beld a trial mul strong her up at once. The mat- ter was the subject of much unfavorable comment in the newspaper. wirl among the inhabitants of other localities. October 30, 1551, Kal- ward Withod, a Jeisiness man at Foster Har, and owner of Foster Bar and Paillard Far bridges, when returning from Downieville, stopped at the Negro tent for dinner, and then started on his journey mounted on a mule. The animal returned to the tent late in the afternoon without its rider, and mjunta search being made, the laxly was found in a ravine near the road. There was no che to the murderer.
Two men, one muned C. Miller, were murdered wear Bidwell's No. vember 9, 1851, and two days later three men, Mather, Jenkinson, and Gardiner, were murdered, it was supposed by four Mexicans, about four miles from Natchez, on the loneut. The theory of the atfair was that the Mexicans were murdering Matber, when the other two emne up and interferel, and having no weapons with which to defem themselves, were also killed. theat excitement prevailed in Marys- ville, as the murders in the surrounding country had amounted to seev. enteen within a few days. Sheriff Buchman weut with his posse to the Sonorian camp, where three of the suspected men were, and was shot while getting through a fence : he finally recovered. The next olay the Mexicans were surrounded in the chapgeral on the west bank of Y'nba river, but the force was too small to beat the bush effectively, and the men escaped. Several parties were arrested at the Sonorian camp, and the people in the neighborhood organized a vigilance comunittre. The vigilance committee of Marysville were called out and took a prominent part in searching for the perpetrators. They captured and kept in their custody several suspected parties. Six more bodies were
i ura tes dass harna Father iva. The alemanes whentel that there and the other murders were consulta by lawang the ve ti, dragging them toon the road, and then dispatching them with kina The work was supposed to be that of an organized fond of that at a blacksmith. His head was horribly mangled with bas sledge hammer, In bis tout were found implements for camere ting am a throat. He was shot by the miner's partner, who we bramed in the uvjer. The miner was badly ent. A Movie in named Romero, was stalde to the heart at a dance on Second street non C' street, May
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