USA > California > San Francisco County > San Francisco > History of the San Francisco Committee of vigilance of 1851 : a study of social control on the California frontier in the days of the gold rush > Part 45
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Blood. J. H., C. of T .: 327, 471. Blunt. S. F., C. of F .: 371 note 41. Bluxome, Isaae, Jr., C. of V .: biographieal note, 191-192; elected secretary, 209, 220, 338, 352; "67, Secretary,"' 1851, 225 note 53, 332; "33, Secretary, '' 1856, 189; men- tioned, 2, 108 note 53, 267 note 49. 269. 298, 299. 333 note 35, 400. 473; MS Statement cited, 107 note 51, 202, 208 note 1, 234, 245.
Boles, A .: 382.
Bond. Charles R., C. of F .: 372 note 46, 406 note 53.
Bonner. -: 146 note 27.
Borthwick. J. D .: cited on C. of V., 413. Bossange. L .: 473. Boyd, Major: 346.
Brannan, Samuel, C. of T .: bio- graphical note, 189-190; presi- dent, 237; resignation, 260; re-election, 337 ; mentioned, 32, 37, 46 note 19, 59, 106, 108 note 53, 173, 178, 187 note 1, 188 note 3, 203, 209, 223, 256, 257, 277, 278, 284, 318.
* I have been unable to identify the Vigilante with Alcalde Blackburn.
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Index
Brantley, Theodore: cited on Vigi- lance Committee of Montana, 419-420.
Brenham, C. J., mayor of San Francisco: 176-177, 239, 244; proclamation against C. of V., 271, 463; assisted in rescue of prisoners, 294, 296.
Brewer, Frank: murdered, 238. Briggs, Jim: 275, 285, 308, 311, 341.
Brinley, C. H., C. of T. : 188 note 3. British Columbia: efficient admin- istration of justice in courts of, in frontier period, 426.
British consul (George Aiken) : present at examination of Stuart, 258, 371 note 42.
British penal colonies, see Convicts from Australia.
Brittan, J. W., C. of T., 1856: 473. Broderick, David C .: 130-131, 153, 154, 169, 403; opposed C. of V., 211, 215, 218, 220, 239 note 37, 266.
Bromley, W. L., C. of V .: 471.
Brown, David: hanged in Los An- geles, 383.
Brown, Elam, alcalde, 59.
Brown, H. S., C. of V., 1856: 473.
Brown, H. S., judge: 177; resigned as protest against C. of V., 303.
Browne, William, C. of T .: 181 note 62.
Bruce, Philander: murderer, exe- euted by C. of V., 1856, 401. Bryant, Edwin, alealde, San Fran- cisco: 38; cited, 40-41.
Bryant, Colonel J. J .: 141. Bryce, James: cited, 1, 71.
Buchanan, James, secretary of state: status of California, 57, 90, 91, 96.
Buckler, John, Jr., C. of F .: 333 note 35.
Bullfight, Mission Dolores, 1851: 299.
Bullett, Patrick & Dow: lease to C. of V., 224.
Burdell, Dr. Galen, C. of T. : 447. Burke, M. J., C. of T., 1856: 473.
Burnett, P. H .: governor of Cali- fornia, 116, 128 note 36, 138, 141 note 13; cited on defective administration of criminal laws, 152; message to legisla- ture, 153; resignation, 153; recommended death penalty for grand larceny, 154; disap- proved C. of V., 410.
Burns, A. M., C. of V., 1836: 473. Burns, James, alias Jimmy from Town, prisoner C. of V .: 275, 276, 288. 290, 358.
Burns, Dr. M. P., C. of T .: 238, 449.
Burns, Thomas, prisoner C. of V .: 228-232, 306.
Butte City, California: protest against mob spirit, 394. Calinenga, Treaty of: 34.
California: under Mexico, 23-28 (see also Mexico, administra- tion of California ) ; American occupation, and military ad- ministration, 28-52 (see also Bear Flag, Frémont, Kearny, Mason, Sloat, Stockton) ; Mex- ican laws perpetuated, 29; Stockton's plan for civil or- ganization, 31, 37; discord with Kearny, 34-35; Kearny warned against initiating per- manent organization, 33-34; Mexican laws enforced by Kearny, 35-39, and by Mason, 40-52; status of California after Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 53-87; de facto gov- ernment, 55-58, 90, 96-97 (see also Gold; Land laws; Mines) ; Governor Mason 's sit- uation, 59-61, 79-80; struggle for organization, 88-115 (see also Benton ; Constitutional Convention ; Settlers' theory ; Slavery question) ; indepen- dence broached, 38-39, 99, 100 note 30, 102 note 36; publie records, 111; admission to statehood, 134-135; organiza- tion of state government, 116- 135; social and criminal con-
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Index
ditions, 136-151, 430-431 ; sec- ond legislature, 152-155; effect of California life on individ- uals, 157; slow development of community spirit, 158-159; California precedents followed elsewhere, 417-420, 435 note 10.
See also Committee of Vigi- lance; Convicts: Corruption ; County system; Courts; ('rim- inal conditions; Death pen- alty; Democratic party ; Elee- tions; Foreigners; Immigra- tion; Indians; Jails; Jury trials; Local government ; Lynch law; Mob spirit; Politi- cal parties; Popular tribunals ; Population; San Francisco; Whig party; and local history as given under names of places. California Battalion of Mounted Riflemen: 30, 36.
California Courier: 168; comment on Stuart's execution. 273.
California Engine Company: 169, 206 note 51, 209.
California Guard: organized 1849, 107 note 51.
California Institute : organized, 346.
California Star : demanded civil or- ganization, 37, 52 note 37.
California Star and Californian : proposed constitutional con- vention, 94-95.
Callao, a vessel : 348. Callaway, James: 14.
Cameo, a vessel: 280.
Campbell, Alexander, judge: 177; letter to Brannan, 237; op- posed C. of V., 244, 272, 303; indorsed for re-election by C. of V., 325; copy of charge to the grand jury, 464, and edi- torial comment, 465.
Campo Seco, California: 303 note 77.
Cannon, -: killed at Downie- ville, 384.
Caperton, John: 247, 289. 295. Capron, E. S .: cited on C. of V., 411.
Carlisle, James: alias of Stuart. Carpenter, W. W .: cited, 202. Carson, James: cited 70, 75. Cartwright, Captain J. W., C. of T .: 299, 300.
Case, C. L., C. of T .: 181 note 62, 473.
Casey, J. P .: hanged by ('. of V., 1856, 397, 401.
Centralized government, American distrust of, 13, 117, 139, 428. See also County system; Local self-government.
Certificates of membership in C. of V .: 349, 400.
Challenge, a vessel: 343. Chief, a vessel: 234, 236 note 23. Chilenos, in San Francisco: 126. Chinese: prisoners of C. of V., 318-319; labor demonstrations against, 1877, 407-408.
Chinese Camp, California : 147 note 31.
Cholera, epidemie of: 121 note 15. Church, Samuel, prisoner of C. of V .: 315-316, 358.
Civil government of California, sec California.
Civil Practice Act, 154.
Claim associations, 11. See also Association for the Protection of the Rights of Property; Land laws; Land titles.
Clappe,* Louise A. K. (Shirley, pseudonym) : letters from Cali- fornia, 6. Clark, H. K. W .: 219. Clark, W. H., C. of T .: 237. Clemens, S. C. (Mark Twain) : cited, 197.
Clergyman called for condemned prisoners, see F. S. Mines.
Cole, Cornelius: cited on C. of V., 415 note 24.
Cole, Ira: opposed C. of V., 215, 220. Cole, Dr. R. B., C. of V., 1856: 473.
* Mrs. C'lappe was a native of New Jersey, not of New England, as is intimated in the Introduction.
1
1
523
Index
Coleman, W. T., C. of V .: bio- graphical note, 190-191; men- tioned, 174, 178, 189, 199, 209 note 7, 211; resignation, 333 note 35; re-election, 337; mem- ber Committee of Thirteen, 399; president C. of V., 1856, 400; of Piek Handle Brigade, 408; MS Statement cited, 212, 261-263, 453, 458.
Collyer, -, "Dr.": 322. Coloma, California: 184, 394.
Colton, Rev. Walter: alcalde of Monterey, 30, 37 note 40; diary cited, 41-42; introduced trial by jury, 45-46.
Columbia, California : C. of V., 383 note 77; lynching in, 395.
Committee of Vigilance of San Francisco, of 1851: prelim- inary influences, trial of the Hounds, 108; attack on Jan- sen and citizen patrol, 180- 181; arson by Lewis and wide- spread criminal disorders, 181- 185, 454-457; organization, 203-207. 457-458; name, 204; term defined, 387 note 83.
Archives, 2-4, 6-7, 202, 221-222, 259, 332, 334, 368.
Constitution, etc .: 205-208, 237; published in newspapers, 216, 459; copies sent to other Com- mittees, 376-381; adopted by Committee of 1856, 400 note 35. By-laws: 225-226, 278; orders in writing, 245; two- thirds vote required for recon- sideration, 332; reorganiza- tion, 338. 355.
Executive Committee: appointed, 220; functions, 222, 286; orders and reports in re Whit- taker and MeKenzie, 293, 299; lapse in minutes, 334; final report and recommendations, 334-335; resignations aud dis- missals, 335-336; election of enlarged new committee, 335, 336-337; authority to arrest restricted, 337, restored, 339;
election of March, 1852, 351- 352; election in the fall of 1852, 354; Committee of Thir- teen, 355, 396, 399.
Finances: Committee on Finance, 223; assessments, fines, initia- tion fees, 328; difficulties, 329, 343, 348, 353 (sce also damage snit of Peter Metcalf) ; salary of secretary, 338, 351; sale of certificates, 349; theatrical benefit suggested, 353; method of handling accounts, 363-366; analysis of expenses, 365-367; liquor bills, 367-368; sources of revenue, 368.
Headquarters: temporary, in Brannan's building, 224; per- manent quarters, 224-225; re- moved to new quarters, 339; abandoned, 352, 354; cost of, 366.
Members: biographical notes, 187-203, 441-452; identifica- tion numbers, 192 note 10, 225; Vigilantes served on grand jury, 272, 392; major- ity loyal to Federal Union on slavery (secession) question, 404-405; members of Commit- tee of 1856, 400, 403, 473; join Home Guard, 406.
Pass word (countersign) : 199, 209 note 4, 215, 295.
Police organization, 223, 267 note 50, 270, 278, 352, 370, 433; water police, 223, 236, 237, 242, 329. 341; bills of 366; Chief of police, see J. L. Van Bokkelen; Sergeant-at- arms, 223, 267 note 50. 329, 338, 343, 351, 363; see also A. J. MeDuffe, and D. L. Oak- ley.
Qualification Committee, 223.
Relation with authorities: coop- eration of U. S. Revenue De- partment, 234, 371 note 41; C. of V. watched trials in San Francisco courts, 238. 289- 290, 320, 322; C. of V. pris- oners handed over to city au-
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Index
thorities, 243, 288, 318. 339, receipts for their delivery, 289; right to search without war- rant claimed, 243 245, 332; subscription for county jail, 246-249; attitude on writ of habeas corpus, 265, 266-267; pledged to sustain law, 287; investigation of Whittaker rescue. 296-298; the Water- man affair, 344; cooperation of Army and Navy officers, 315, 371; of foreign consuls and county sheriffs. 370-371; relations to grand juries, 272, 283, 371, 392, 466-467.
Relations with general public: Publicity, given to constitu- tion, 216, 459; to meetings, etc .. 251, 339, 352-354, 366; to cases, 275, 294, 314-315; sauction of the community de- sired and expressed, 212, 215- 217. 270, 298 note 65, 302-303, 357-358. 369-374, 398-399, 462, 465-467, 471; expressions of disapproval, 215-220, 239, 271-273, 301 note 69, 303, 325, 330-331. 460-461, 463-465, 467-469; reward offered for arson, 245. 354, 461; open let- ter to citizens of California, 249-250; help asked by repu- table citizens, 318; non-parti- san movement started by mem- bers of C. of V., 326-327; Vigilantes elected to legisla- ture, 326; Metcalf case tested standing. 330; rescue of Mary Lye, 342; library established, 345-346; false impersonation of C. of V. in forged notices to leave San Francisco, 233, and in attack on Capt. Ellis, 348; Pavran's statement of objects, 372-373; contempo- rary and historical appraise- ment. 2-7, 18-19, 386, 409- 415. 428. 432-440.
Relation with prisoners: clergy- men called for condemned,
211, 228-233, 270, 334-335, 356-363; confessions of pris- oners, 262-263, 291-293, 313- 314; witnesses summoned for defense, 230, 263 note 35, 358; corporal punishment used but once, 242; business affairs of prisoners adjusted, 231; bond required for delivery of pris- oners, 316; humane treatment, 356, 357, 362-363; fair trials, 358; inevitable hardships, 359; testimony of a prisoner (Dahl- grén), as to fairness of treat- ment, 360; summary of cases, 361-362. See also names of prisoners: Adams; Ainsworth; Alderson; Arentrue; Arthur; Barclay ; Beck; James Burns; Thomas Burns; Church; Jane Connolly ; Dab; Dahlgren ; Earl; Samuel Gallagher; Rich- ard Garland; Goff; Gonzales; Hance; Hays; James Hether- ington; Higgins; Mrs. Hogan; George Hopkins; Howard; Jenkins; Jenks; Thomas and Emma Jones; Kennedy; Le- Bras; MeKenzie; Roach; Ben Robinson ; Margaret Robin- son ; Scott ; Stuart; Taft; Tal- bot; Joseph Turner; Whitta- ker; William Wilson, Wright. Relations existing between mem- bers of the C. of V., friction in: 225, 258 note 23, 260, 277, 294, 297; resignations: 333- 336, 343.
Committee of Vigilance of San Francisco, of 1856: organiza- tion, and relation to C. of V. of '51, 400-401; oath of, 400 note 33; story of, 401; execu- tions by, 401, 402; efforts to purify local politics, 402; for- mation of non-partisan Peo- ple's Party, 403-404; indepen- dence of California broached, 404: influence in struggle over secession, 404-406; relation to Pick Handle Brigade of 1877:
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Index
407-408; opponents of C. of V. of '56 more influential than those who opposed C. of V. of '51, 409-410; suits against committeemen, 199; archives, 405; certificates, 349, 400; his- torical appraisement, 409-415; Executive Committee, 473. Committees of Vigilance in Califor-
nia outside of San Francisco, 249-250, 374-386, 406-407. See also Angel's Camp; Bar- ton's Bar; Campo Seco; Co- lumbia; Coulterville; Downie- ville; Fresno; Gilroy; Grass Valley; Humbug; Humboldt County ; Jackson; Los An- geles; Lundy ; Mariposa ;
Marysville; Merced; Moke- lumne Hill; Natchez; Nelson Creek; Nevada City ; Oakland; Rough and Ready; Sacramen- to; San José; Santa Clara; Scott's Bar; Scott's Valley; Shasta ; Sonora ; Stockton; Visalia; Yreka.
Committees of Vigilance outside of California: 415-423; fos- tered by inefficient courts, 419; degenerated into organs of per- sonal and political revenge, 422. See also Idaho; lowa; Indiana; Louisiana; Lynch law; Mississippi; Montana; North and South Carolina; Oregon; Regulators; Texas; Washington.
Committees of Vigilance and Safety in revolutionary period, 11-14. Committees of Vigilance. See also Lynch law; Mob spirit; Popn- lar tribunals.
Compact, social, see Contract, social; Mayflower.
Compromise of 1850: 134. Comstock, A. M .: cited, 172 note 31.
Confessions, see C. of V., relations with prisoners.
Connolly, Mr. and Mrs., proprie- tors of "The Shipman's Arms": 210, 229, 357.
Constitutional Convention: pro- posed, in 1847, 37; in Douglas bill, 91; by Governor Mason and California Star, 94-95; popular movement for, 95-97, date postponed, 97, 101-102; call for, by Governor Riley, 103, 104; election of delegates to, 109; work of, 113-115.
Contract, social: theory of, 9; in- fluence of, on American fron- tier, 9-13; in California min- ing camps, 63-65, 68; in civil organization, 99, 149; in for- mation of C. of V., 204, 373. See also Local self-govern- ment ; Centralized government. Convicts from Australia, 61-72, 121-124, 179; ex-convicts used as voters by politicians, 140 note 11, 292; action against, by C. of V., 228-233, 251, 285. See also Immigration; James Stuart, and names of conviets: Alderson ; Barclay; Barnes; Beek ; Berdne; Thomas Burns; John Edwards; Captain Ellis ; Garland; Goff; Higgins; James Hetherington (?) ; Mrs. Hogan(?); Hopkins(?) ; Jen- kins; Thomas and Emma Jones; Kay; King the barber ; Kitelien; Long Charley; Mor- gan; Ogden; Roach; Ryan; Joseph Turner; John Ward; Whittaker; Wright.
Coon, Dr. H. P., C. of T., 1856: cited, 406.
Cora, Charles: hanged by C. of V., 1856, 396-397, 401.
Coroners' inquests, San Francisco: Jenkins, 214; Stuart, 271; Whittaker, 302.
Corrales, José: hanged for horse stealing, 156 note 49.
Corruption, political: 140, 143, 390-391, 396-397, 431, 432; attack upon, by Committee of 1856, 402-403.
"Cottage of Content," suspicious lodging honse: 306.
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Index
Coulterville, California: C. of V., 383 note 77.
County attorney: office abolished, 178.
County jail of San Francisco: 169-170; escapes from. 247; subscription for building fund raised by C. of V., 246-249.
County system: organization in California, adopted, 117; its practical working out under local conditions, 139-144; size of connty, 146. See also Cen- tralized government ; Local self-government.
Courts of California : under Mexi- can system, 24-25, 45 (see also Alcalde) ; no higher tribunals, 25; military, during American ovenpation, 44; proposed for mining regions, 60; miners' trials, 76-79, 150; corruption of, after statehood, 144; sala- ries insufficient, 144; Court of Sessions, 146, 154, 246; delays in judicial proceedings. 146- 147, 218; defective adminis- tration of criminal laws in 1850, 152; District Court, 154; luties of district attorney, 178. See also Bail; C. of V. of San Francisco, relation to authori- ties; Coroner's inquests; Jury trials; Justice of the peace; Popular tribunals; San Fran- eisco - Courts - Grand Jury ; Sheriff; Writ of habeas cor- pus.
C'rary. O. B., C. of V., 1856: 406, 473.
Crescent City, a vessel, 232.
Crime (criminal conditions) : on American frontier, 13-17; in California, 59, 75-87, 129, 136, 146, 150-152, 228, 305-323, 392, 397, 454; statistics of, 113 note 69, 181 note 63, 382 note 73, 388-390; decrease in, fol- lowed action of C. of V., 250, 288, 349-351. See also indi- vidual names under Convicts; Stuart gang.
Criminal Practice Act : 154.
Criminal resorts: survey of, 184, 228. See also Lodging houses considered suspicions.
Cronin, Daniel, C. of V .: 452. Crooks, J. B. M., C. of T .: 168 note 19, 200 note 37, 335.
Crowell, W. H., C. of F .: 328. Crockstein, : 228 note 1. Crozier, R. G .: 177.
Curry, John, judge: cited on C. of V., 411.
Curtayne, W. M .: commended work of C. of V., 241 note 44.
Curtis, J. F., C. of F .: biographical note, 442; mentioned, 108 note 53, 181 note 62, 208, 212, 281, 335. 471, 473.
Cutler, J. E., Lynch Law : cited, 10 note 11, 14-17, 363, 423-424. Dab the horse thief: 275, 277.
Dahlgren, Theodore : prisoner C. of V., 240, 359; acknowledged fairness of his trial, 360.
Dall, J. E .. C. of V .: 181 note 62. Darling, W. A., C. of T .: 406 note 53, 471.
Davis, Horace: cited, 405-406.
De facto government : 57, 58, 90, 96, 99, 135.
De Groot, Henry : cited, 85 note 47. Death penalty for grand larceny : 154-155, 210; inflicted by C. of V., see John Jenkins; Rob- ert Mckenzie; James Stuart ; Samuel Whittaker.
Delano, Alonzo: cited on C. of V., 413.
Delessert, Eugene, C. of V., treas- urer: 200, 328, 329, 346 note 27, 352, 353, 372 note 46, 364, 473.
Democratic party : organization of, in California, 116 note 3, 131; San Francisco elections of 1851, 176 note 43, 324-326, 327; election of 1856, 403- 404; of 1861, 405. See also Broderick ; Gwin.
Dempster, C. J., C. of V., 1856: 473.
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Index
Derby, Lieut. G. H. (John Phoenix, pseudonym) : relation to C. of V., 315, 371 note 41.
Desertion of soldiers in the gold rnsh, 59, 61, 94. Dewey, S. L., C. of V .: 471.
Diekinson, Harvey: 467.
Dillon, Patrice, see French consnl.
District attorney: small salaries, 144-145; duties, 178.
Doane, Charles, C. of V., 1836: 473.
Dodge, C. F .: 119.
Dodge and Company, of Foster's Bar: robbed, 352.
Dorr, Ralph, C. of F .: 173 note 33. Douglas, Senator S. A .: 80 note 37; bill for state organization of territory acquired from Mexico, 91-92, 97, 103.
Downieville lynching: 384-386. Dows, James, C. of T .: 268, 270 note 59, 446, 473.
Drinking in California: 120-121; in C. of V., 367-368.
Dry Diggings, California: 138 note 5.
Duane, Charles: opposed C. of V., 22; criminal record, 321; ex- iled by C. of V., 1856, 402. Dnbnqne's Mines, Iowa: popular tribunal at, 15. Duclos, Angelina: 243-244, 347 note 29.
Duff, J. R., C. of V .: 300, 445. Dunglison, J. R .: 346 note 27.
Earl, David, C. of V .: 199. Earl, E. M., C. of V .: 335, 446. Earl, J. O., C. of V .: 446. Ebbets, A. M., C. of V .: 448. Echols, sheriff at Auburn : murdered, 253.
Edwards, John : 251, 275, 285.
"El Dorado," gambling hall of San Francisco: 313.
El Dorado County: citizens asked capital punishment for horse stealing, 154; lynching discon- tinued in, 394.
Eleanore, Madame, actress: 353. Elections : in pre-state period, 31, 37, 40, 43-44; delegates to constitutional convention, 109; for state officers, 116; quali- fications of electors, 140, 141; character of candidates often unknown, 141, 142-146; cor- ruption in, 391, 402; copy of non-partisan address, 1851, 470. See also Political Par- ties; San Francisco-Govern- ment.
Elizabeth, a vessel: 235.
Ellis, A. J., C. of V .: 98 note 25, 106, 108 note 51, 108 note 53, 173, 188 note 2, 188 note 3, 326, 333 note 35, 348; bio- graphical note, 444.
Ellis, A. V. H., C. of V .: biographi- ical note, 451.
Ellis, H. H., C. of V .: biographical note, 451.
Ellis, J. S., C. of T .: 371; bio- graphical note, 451. Ellis, William, captain of the Cal- lao, 348.
Emery, J. S .. C. of V., 1856: 473. Empire Engine Company : 130, 169. Endicott, George: 467.
England, popular tribunals in: 17. Euphemia, San Francisco prison brig: 113. Eureka Engine Company : 169. Evans, H. D .. C. of T .: 334. Evening Picayune, see San Fran- cisco Evening Picayune. Ewer, F. C., C. of F .: 346 note 27. Farallon Islands: 236.
Farnham, Mrs. E. W .: cited, 412. Farwell, J. D., C. of T .: 272, 406 note 43; biographical note, 443; mentioned, 467, 473; MS Statement, cited, 467, 473; cited, 193 note 13, 208 note 2, 209.
Field, S. J .: alcalde of Marysville. 118-119; tried to prevent Downieville lynching, 385. Financial conditions in California. 1854-1856: 391.
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Index
Fire Companies of San Francisco, see Broderick; California En- gine Company ; Empire Engine
Company ; Eureka Engine
Company ; Howard Engine Company ; Monnmental En- gine Company ; Protection Engine Company.
Fire Fly, a tug boat : 341.
Fires, see Arson; San Francisco- Fires. Fish, J. H., C. of T., 1856: 473.
Flag pole on San Francisco Plaza : 165, 213.
Fleishhacker, Samnel, C. of F .: 449.
Flint, E. P., C. of F., 1856: 473.
Folk moot : miners' meetings com- pared to, 72.
Folsom, J. L .: 173 note 33.
Foreigners (foreign miners) : un- popular among the gold seek- ers, 61-62, 124-127; tax ini- posed on, 127; quarters of, in San Francisco, 166-167; C. of V. approved by many, 413.
Forged notices to leave San Fran- cisco purporting to come from C. of V .: 232-233. Fort Gunny Bags, 1856: 401. Foster, S. C., mayor of Los Au- geles: 383.
Foster's Bar, California: 252, 257. Fourgeaud, V. J., C. of F .: 108 note 53, 443.
France, confréres. 16-17; French immigrants expected in San Francisco, 340-341.
Frauklin, State of: 11.
Frazier, James, miners' alcalde: 81.
Freelon, T. W., judge: 393.
Frémont. Captain J. C .: in Cali- fornia. 28. 30: governor, 34- 36; mentioned, 90, 318.
French, William. opposed C. of V., 239.
French consul (Patrice Dillon ) : present at examination of Le Bras, 317-318. 371 note 42; correspondence with C. of V., 340.
Fresno, California, C. of V .: 407 note 56.
Frignet, Ernest: cited on C. of V., 114.
Frink, G. W., C. of F., 1856: cited, 399.
Frontier, The: in Americau democ- racy, 7, 19, 53-54; the mining frontier of California, 64-87, differences from other fron- tiers, 66, 67, 136-137, 157, 287; individualism a char- acteristic of, 129, 158; mining frontier of Rocky Mountain area, 416-420; in the Austra- lian gold fields, 425; in British Columbia, 426-427. See also Centralized government ; Con- tract, social; Committee of Vigilance; Criminal condi- tions; Popular tribunals.
Gallagher, Edward, coroner of San Francisco: 214, 271 note 61. Gallagher, Samuel, prisoner C. of V .: 242. Gambling: 121. See also the "El Dorado."
Gang, criminal: 123, 184, 228, 251, 349. 352. See also Hounds; Plummer gang; Stuart gang. Gardner, Richard: escape from San Francisco jail, 247.
Garland, Richard, prisoner C. of V .: 236 note 24.
Garnett, Porter, editor C. of V. Papers, Pts. 1, 11: 3. Garrat. John, sce John Barrett.
Garwood, G. M., C. of T .: 181 note 62, 188 note 2, 333 note 35, 346 note 27, 372 note 46, 406, 471.
Gates, H. S., C. of F .: 346 note 27. Geary, J. W., alcalde and mayor of San Francisco: 112-113, 163. Geddes, Paul, alias Talbot H. Green, see Talbot H. Green. Gerke, Henry, C. of V : 188 note 1, 449.
Germany, Vemgericht : 16. Gerstäcker, Friedrich: cited, 126 note 28. 179 note 58, 355, 414.
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Index
Gibson, George, C. of V .: 358. Gibson, James: hanged for. high- way robbery, 155 note 49. Gillespie, Lieutenant A. H .: 28, 30. Gillespie, C. V., C. of V .: cited, 108 note 53, 188 note 2, 188 note 3; biographical note, 446; mentioned, 473.
Gilroy, California: C. of V., 407 note 56.
Goddard, E. B., C. of T., 1856: 473.
Goff, John, prisoner C. of V .: 176 note 40, 314-315, 362.
Gold: discovery of in California, 54, 59; the gold rush, 58-65; statisties, 66 note 1; organiza- tion in the mines, 66-87; gold rushes in Rocky Mountain area, 416, 426; in Australia, 425; in Manchuria, 435 notc 10.
Goodwin, Andrew: 342.
Gorham, E., C. of V .: 181 note 62, 473.
Graham, W. C., C. of F .: 181 note 62, 333.
Graham, W. H., C. of F .: 444. Grand Jury: introduced at trial of Hounds, 107, 109; legal de- lays in early courts, 147. See also references under grand juries of Marysville; Nevada County; San Francisco; Tuo- lumne County.
Grand larceny, punishable with death: 154-156, 210.
Grass Valley, California : C. of V., 383 note 77, 407 note 57 . Gray, H. M., C. of V .: 447.
Gray, Vietor de: complained of forcible seizure by the C. of V., 359.
Grayson, A. J., C. of T .: 98 note 25, 187 note 1, 446.
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