USA > California > Lassen County > Illustrated history of Plumas, Lassen & Sierra counties, with California from 1513 to 1850 > Part 43
USA > California > Plumas County > Illustrated history of Plumas, Lassen & Sierra counties, with California from 1513 to 1850 > Part 43
USA > California > Sierra County > Illustrated history of Plumas, Lassen & Sierra counties, with California from 1513 to 1850 > Part 43
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SENECA TOWNSHIP.
Since the organization of the county and first division into townships, that section lying to the north of the north fork and east branch and west of Indian valley has been designated Seneca township. Alterations have from time to time been made in its boundary lines, which have been fully detailed in the official history on a previous page. The population was given by the official census of 1880 as 535, of which 86 were Chinese and 137 Indians. Prattville is the only place within its limits that reaches the dignity of a town. Along the north fork and tributary streams some mining is being carried on by both whites and Chinese. The chief industry is dairying, which is centered in Big Meadows, the fine mountain valley through which the Chico and Susanville road passes, and where are some of the best dairy farms in California. It was through this valley that the old Lassen road passed, over which so many emigrants came in the early days. Another valley a little to the south, called Humbug, is also occupied in the same way, and has been since B. K. Ervine and W. B. Long- first held it as a stock-range in 1855. Mines were discovered in the valley in 1857. Allen Wood and W. B. Long built a hotel in 1858, which was burned the next year. Another built in 1860 was destroyed by fire in 1871. In 1858 Jones & Wallack built a saw-mill in the valley. Butt valley is another small vale where dairying is being followed. Samuel Knight and Ned St. Felix were early pioneers of the township, and built the first bridge across the north fork, now the Bidwell place, and received a license to collect tolls thereon in 1854.
BIG MEADOWS AND PRATTVILLE .- The village of Prattville is located on the south-west of the Big Meadows, near the center of the valley, and about two miles from the mountains. The valley is about twenty-five miles long, and six in breadth, while the meadows stretch out twenty miles in length, by three in breadth. The meadows are watered by the west branch of the north fork of Feather river, which heads around the base of Lassen Butte. The altitude of the valley at Doctor Pratt's hotel is 4,500 feet. The town receives its name from Dr. Pratt, who established the first post-office here under the name of Big Meadows; but as the locality was popularly known as Prattville, the name was finally adopted in the postal department.
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Dr. Willard Pratt was born at Canton, Pennsylvania, March 12, 1826. His father was a physician at Canton, and Willard followed in his footsteps. At the age of twenty-two he gradu- ated as a physician from the Pennsylvania University, Philadelphia, and emigrated to Grant county, Wisconsin, residing at Fennimore, and practicing medicine. He was married June 14, 1848, in Marshal, Wisconsin, to Miss Sarah H. Hart, daughter of Thomas Hart, and born in Hunt- ingdonshire, England, February 15, 1825. Dr. Pratt removed to Dubuque, Iowa, in 1850, and practiced until 1853, when he crossed the plains to the Pacific coast. He spent four years in Placerville, then Hangtown, after which he went to Colusa, where he remained until 1860. Then he settled in Butte county, near Chico. Here his health began to fail, and having a call to visit Thomas Bidwell at the Big Springs hotel, his attention was called to the beauties of Big Meadows. He spent two summers there, and in 1867, having decided to make it a permanent home, he erected a residence and hotel, the first one in Prattville, or the neighborhood. He went to the centennial exposition at Philadelphia, and while there his property was destroyed by fire. He came back to find no home; but in 1877 he built his present house, which cost $10,000, and is one of the best in the mountains. It has twenty-six sleeping rooms, besides parlors, family rooms, etc., and is crowded with guests every summer. Mr. and Mrs. Pratt have six children, as follows: Emily Charlotte, born April 17, 1849; Anna E., June 21, 1851; Willie N., April 21, 1853; Thomas E., March 5, 1860; Mattie J., July 5, 1862; Marion N., December 17, 1866.
At the time the doctor came to Prattville there was one log cabin belonging to a man named Houck, now of Quincy, whom he bought out. The inhabitants of Big Meadows were Mrs. Lee, now Mrs. Bunnell, the Holmes family, Henry Bidwell at Bidwell's bridge, Henry Landt at Big springs, John Hamilton, R. Stover and brother, Thad and the Benner family, Peter Olsen, and Burt John- son. The first school was taught at Mrs. Lee's, by Miss May Ella Blunt, now Mrs. Samuel Moore of San Francisco. The first store in the town was kept by the Benner brothers, and the first blacksmith shop by David Fields. There are now three general merchandise stores, one wagon shop, a blacksmith shop, saloon, resident physician, Dr. Pratt, and a first-class hotel. The stores are kept by Doty Brothers, H. B. Abbott, and Benner Brothers. The town is thirty miles from Lassen peak, on a good road that extends two-thirds of the distance, from the terminus of which a horse-trail leads ten miles towards the mountain, and the traveler must then proceed on foot a mile. and a half to the top. Big Meadows is visited every summer by large numbers of people who come for their health, and to enjoy the many advantages that the neighborhood affords for recrea- tion and amusement. Bunnell's summer resort is one of the finest to be found in the mountains. The house is large and well furnished, and Mrs. Bunnell sets a table that challenges the appetite of the most ravenous tourist. During the summer of 1881 fully two thousand people were visit- ing in the valley.
L. WELLINGTON BUNNELL .- This old pioneer is a native of New Hampshire, and came to this state in 1852. He engaged in mining at Rocky bar on the middle fork of Feather river, but shouldered his blankets and moved to the north fork the next season. Subsequently he engaged in ranching and merchandising with the late William H. Miller at Butt valley. October 12, 1869, he was married to Mrs. Julia E. Lee, a pioneer lady of Big Meadows, in which valley - they now reside and keep a popular summer resort. Mr. Bunnell is largely engaged in the dairy business.
JOSHUA C. ABBOTT .- "Old Man Abbott," the first settler in Big Meadows, built a cabin near the present town of Prattville, in 1855. In 1860 he located near the Abbott spring, now the Dotta ranch. He sold out in 1873, and moved to Modoc county in the vicinity of Goose lake. He was only seventy-five years of age, and said he wanted to "grow up with the country." At last ac- count he was still growing.
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INDIAN VALLEY.
Indian township, containing in 1880 a population of 1,680, is, in respect to the number of its inhabitants and in many other particulars, the most important in the county. Three towns, Tay- lorville, Greenville, and Crescent, lie within its borders, and many valuable mines and fertile farms give occupation to its people and reward for their labors.
During the summer of 1850, when prospecting parties were scouring the county in all direc- tions, Indian valley was frequently visited, and still more frequently observed from some distant elevation, by these little bands of gold-hunters. They were in search of gold, not land ; and they came and went, leaving the valley as quiet and undisturbed as before. To Peter Lassen, the old pioneer of Tehama county, and Isadore Meyerwitz, is ascribed the honor of first visiting the valley with the intention of making a settlement. They were here for a brief while in the summer or fall of 1850, and bestowed the name of Cache valley upon the place where they decided to establish themselves. In 1851 Lassen and a man named Burton built the square of a log cabin, covered it with brush, and opened a trading post. Prospecting parties were frequently passing through, the mountains to the south and west were full of miners working claims or seeking new diggings, and the little trading post did quite a business during the summer. One of the parties passing through the valley in April, 1851, bestowed the name of " Indian " upon it, because of the large number of natives they observed when first entering it from the mountains. This name soon became the most common one, and it was not long before " Cache " disappeared entirely. Eighty men composed this company, which was known as Noble's party. No settlement was made in the valley that year, except by Lassen and his companions.
On the twelfth of February, 1852, Jobe T. Taylor and Warren Meeker came to the valley from Nelson creek, and posted up a notice claiming the land now occupied by Taylorville and the Taylor ranch. To this notice were affixed the names of Jobe T. Taylor, Warren Meeker, Jonathan Meeker, R. D. Smyth, Albert Galbreath, Barnardott Littel, - Powell, and George Tilly. They moved upon the land in March, leaving Jonathan Meeker and George Tilly on Nelson creek. There was no one living in the valley at that time, but in about three weeks Peter Lassen, Isadore Meyer- witz, and George Edward St. Felix came in and took possession of their old location again. This place was what is now called the Hickerson ranch, about three miles north of Greenville. That spring they replaced the brush covering of their log house with a good roof, and the first house in Indian valley then stood completed. The settlers at the Taylor ranch also built a house that summer. No other settlements were made in the valley until the fall, when a number of emigrants made locations and put up cabins. These emigrants, for the most part accompanied by their families, came in by the way of Beckwourth pass and American valley. Meyerwitz was drowned in Honey lake in 1856, and Lassen was killed in the mountains north of Pyramid lake in 1859, his death being laid at the door of Indians, though doubted by some.
The first attempt at cultivation had been made the year before by Lassen and his companions at their settlement on the Hickerson place. They raised turnips, beets, lettuce, and other vegeta- bles, products which were in great demand, and brought exceedingly high prices from the miners, who were seldom able to procure such luxuries. In the summer of 1852, also, Lassen, Meyerwitz, and St. Felix raised a great quantity of vegetables, having a larger assortment than the season before. None were raised by Taylor and his associates, but they purchased potatoes, turnips, cab- bages, beets, etc., from the others at a uniform price of fifteen cents per pound, to which they also
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added their own labor in harvesting the crop. Mr. Taylor, prior to his death, wrote the following incident of that harvesting time : "An emigrant came to where we were sacking turnips, and said to his little girl, ' Give your money to Mr. Taylor and get some turnips.' She gave me ten cents, and I told her to go to the sack and help herself. She took one that weighed at least eight pounds, and which had cost us $1.20, the emigrant no doubt thinking at the same time that ten cents was a big price for one turnip."
During the fall of 1852 a great many emigrants came through Beckwourth pass, and a number of them stopped in Indian valley and took up land claims. That fall a voting precinct was estab- lished at Taylor's house, and the people of the valley were permitted to participate in the presidential election. In August, 1852, Mrs. Dr. Cory gave birth to a little girl, the first white child born in the valley. They were simply residing here temporarily, and departed before the child was named. In February, 1853, Jobe L. Chipman was born. He is now a resident of San Jose, and has held the position there of superintendent of public schools. The winter of 1852-53 was a most severe one, and the new emigrants, especially those with families, suffered severely for want of food, but all survived. In the spring of 1853 Taylor, Meeker, and the others built a frame barn on their place, the first frame building in the county, except the saw-mill at Rich bar on the east branch. The building is still standing. They also put in a crop of wheat and barley, the first ever raised in the valley.
During the year 1853, and for the next few years thereafter, the emigration was quite large, and Indian valley became settled up, and a large portion of it began to be cultivated. A saw-mill was built in 1855, and a grist-mill a year later, both by Mr. Taylor. A private school was taught in 1859 by a Mr. Partridge, and the first public school in 1863 by G. W. Meylert. By energy and industry, the settlers of Indian valley have improved their farms, and brought the land, a large portion of which was swampy and required draining, under a high state of cultivation. There are half a hundred farms in the valley, with a total area of some 14,000 acres, of which 10,000 acres are good tillable land. Of this, some 3,000 acres are sowed to grain, while the remainder are used for pasture and hay, dairying being one of the leading industries of the valley. Many more acres of land lying among the hills adjacent to the valley are used for stock-ranges, and are quite valu- able. Quartz-mining near Greenville and Crescent is a great industry, and furnishes a good home market for farm produce. Up Indian creek, east of Taylorville, lies Genesee valley, in which are several good ranches, school, and post-office, and through which runs the road to Reno, passing Flournoy's ranch and through Red Clover valley.
The manner in which the settlers of Indian valley dealt with the native proprietors of the soil has been related on another page, to which the reader is referred. The first marriage occurred in the spring of 1853. There being no minister or magistrate, the two contracting parties, Robert Ross and Mrs. Catherine Deitch, solemnly declared themselves to be man and wife, in the presence of witnesses. They then removed to Rush creek, where they were informed that their marriage was illegal, and where a ceremony was performed by John R. Buckbee, after which a grand jubilee was held. Buckbee was simply a lawyer and miner, and the couple were soon convinced that their road of true love was not yet smooth. Thomas D. Bonner, the perambulating justice, happening to visit this region from his seat of dominion and power in Onion valley, the much-married couple had another ceremony performed by that gentleman. This was the third and last time, and was followed once more by a season of relaxation by the boys.
TAYLORVILLE .- The details of the settlement of Taylorville have already been given. Jobe T. Taylor maintained from the first a place of entertainment for travelers, and his house became the
RESIDENCE OF WM, F. JOHNSON 4 1/4 MILES EAST OF QUINCY, PLUMAS CO. CAL.
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central point for that end of the valley. His place was burned in June, 1855, and in April, 1859, and was rebuilt each time. Being the center of business, a town gradually grew up around it, founded on the prosperity and permanence of the agricultural section, which forms its chief support. The town of Taylorville contains two hotels, John Hardgrave keeping the Vernon House in excellent style, four stores, two stables, saloons, blacksmiths, shoemakers, saddlers, upholsterers, flour-mill, church, public school, telegraph office, post-office, express office, and I. O. O. F. and Masonic lodges.
INDIAN VALLEY LODGE NO. 136, I. O. O. F .- Grand Master Charles N. Fox, of Oakland, instituted this lodge at Taylorville, June 20, 1867. The charter members were Noble C. Cunning- ham, William L. Moore, Samuel S. Grass, C. A. Leistner, N. B. Forgay, S. Wellington, and S. N. Copeland. The first officers were : William L. Moore, N. G .; Samuel S. Grass, V. G .; Noble C. Cunningham, S .; C. A. Leistner, T. The lodge owns a fine hall in the upper story of a brick building, and has a membership of thirty-nine. The offices in December, 1881, were: Jacob Rosen- baum, N. G .; Duskin Hedrick, V. G .; E. M. Prime, S. ; and Harris Goodman, T.
SINCERITY LODGE No. 132, F. & A. M .- This lodge was instituted at Rich bar, east branch, January 18, 1859. The charter was given it May 14, 1859. The first officers were : John S. Sims, W. M .; A. S. Paul, S. W .; Robert Blakemore, J. W .; T. J. McCormie, T .; Richard Hart, S .; Charles Rawson, S. D .; W. A. Crampton, J. D .; J. S. Boynton, Tyler. In a few years the mem- bership became much reduced because of the decline in mining on the river, and the lodge was removed to Taylorville May 10, 1865, where it is now located. It has a membership of twenty- nine. The officers in December, 1881, were: Cyrus Laufman, W. M .; George W. Boyden, S. W .; Erastus P. Smith, J. W .; Frank Kruger, T .; Andrew J. Ford, S. ; J. F. Laufman, S. D .; James P. Burge, J. D .; William S. Price, Tyler.
RESCUE LODGE No. 215, I. O. G. T .- This lodge was organized at Taylorville, July 19, 1876, with the following twenty-five charter members : Edwin Taylor, Robert Thompson, Theodore Light, George Willis, George Young, Isaac Hutton, James Cottingham, J. C. Young, James Taylor, Mamie Taylor, Mrs. E. W. Taylor, Mrs. William Foreman, Mrs. A. Garvin, Mrs. F. M. Willis, Mary Mowdell, Mrs. R. Thompson, Ella Cottingbam, Hattie Kingsbury, Mary Thompson, Mrs. Belle Young, Mrs. Burge, Susie Bransford, Eva Roberts, Mrs. J. T. Taylor, S. A. Hardgrave. The membership in December, 1881, was forty-seven; officers at the same time were: Robert Thomp- son, W. C. T .; Martha Gentry, W. V. T .; S. A. Hardgrave, W. S .; Mary Thompson, W. F. S .; Mrs. C. E. Harvey, W. T .; J. C. Young, P. W. C. T.
GREENVILLE .- This is one of the most thriving and important towns in Plumas county. It is the product of the large quartz-mining operations carried on in this vicinity, and has grown up within the past twenty years. Busy, prosperous, and rapidly growing, it gives promise of being one of the best towns in the whole Sierra chain.
The Bullion ledge, near Greenville, was discovered by John Cornelison, in 1851, but was not worked to any extent. In 1856 J. W. Ellis relocated the ledge and began working the surface with considerable profit. The Lone Star, near the Bullion, was first worked in 1857 by John Freeman and John Gibbons. The third mine was the Ellis, at Round valley, a few miles distant. The success obtained in working these ledges attracted a great many people to this locality, and Green- ·ville owes its existence to these operations in quartz.
The first house in Greenville was built in 1862 by Alfred McCargar, who also erected a four- stamp mill for the purpose of working ore from the Bullion mine. Business gradually centered at this spot, buildings and residences were erected, and a town grew up. The telegraph line was
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brought in by the W. U. T. Co. in 1874. A telephone line connects the town with Bidwell's bridge at Big Meadows, and with the leading mines of this region. Mr. H. C. Bidwell has been the leading citizen of Greenville; and to him, in a large measure, is due the rapid progress made by the town. His sudden death was the cause of general mourning in the valley. [See his biography.] Greenville suffered the loss of property to the value of $60,000 by a conflagration that nearly destroyed the whole town, April 23, 1881.
The town has now a population of about 500, and contains one large hotel, three stores, restaurants, saloons, foundry, flour-mill, saw-mill, livery stable, blacksmiths, shoemaker, wagon maker, market, barbers, boarding-house, soda factory, dentist, physician, water-works, M. E. church, school, telegraph, express and post offices, newspaper, and fraternal societies.
GREENVILLE LODGE No. 252, I. O. O. F .-- This lodge was organized September 15, 1878, with the following charter members and officers: J. W. McCartney, N. G .; George Proctor, V. G .; George H. McPherson, S .; R. L. McGill, T .; Thomas Corckle, H. W. Jarvis, A. D. McIntyre, I. C. Patch, and J. S. Hall. The membership in December, 1881, was forty-one, and the officers at that time were: N. Stamfli, N. G .; Finley McLennon, V. G .; H. Williams, S .; A. D. McMil- lan, T.
GREENVILLE LODGE, F. & A. M .- The first meeting of this lodge under its dispensation, which was granted March 5, 1878, was held March 30, 1878; first meeting under the charter, November 23, 1878. The charter members and first officers were: Alexander Thom, W. M .; R. W. Young, S. W .; D. M. Duprey, J. W .; T. F. Emmons, S .; George Proctor, T .; R. L. McGill, H. J. Hathaway, George Standart, Alexander Grant, Henry Launder, and H. C. Whitney. The officers for the current year are : H. C. Whitney, W. M .; D. M. Duprey, S. W .; G. W. Gulliver, J. W .; Charles Mulholland, S .; R. L. McGill, T.
GREENVILLE LODGE, I. O. G. T .- This lodge was organized March 30, 1872, with twenty-eight charter members. The first officers were : C. W. Poindexter, W. C. T .; Mrs. Gilla Sherman, W. V. T .; E. B. Preston, W. S .; W. D. Goodfellow, W. F. S .; Angus McIntyre, W. T. In Decem- ber, 1881, there were seventy-nine members, and the officers were: Miss Annie Treleaven, P. W. C. T .; D. H. Lowry, W. C. T .; Mrs. Amanda Stevens, W. V. T .; Frank E. Lowry, W. S .; Thomas R. Chapin, W. F. S .; Moses Bull, W. T.
CRESCENT MILLS .- Five miles south of Greenville is the little town of Crescent Mills, which has grown up around the mills from which it derives the name. A boarding-house, store, saloons, post-office, etc., with quite a number of miners' cottages, make a busy little town. A good public school is maintained. A lodge of Good Templars was organized July 20, 1876, with the following officers : Harrison Sain, W. C. T .; Mrs. M. J. Sain, W. V. T .; William E. Taylor, W. S .; James Underwood, W. F. S .; Mrs. S. J. Underwood, W. T. The membership in December, 1881, was thirty-two. The officers at that time were : George F. Taylor, W. C. T .; Martha Becraft, W. V. T .; Warren Kelley, W. S .; Ella Kelley, W. F. S .; Mrs. Nancy Taylor, W. T.
ROUND VALLEY .- In 1862 quartz-mining was inaugurated at this place by E. W. Judkins and Alex. Tate. The Granite ledge discovered by John W. Ellis was leased to these parties, who erected a mill and commenced operations in the fall of that year. Quite a village sprang up here, and among the business firms were N. C. Cunningham & Co., Miner & Hughes, McQuinn & Comp- ton, merchants; C. H. Lawrence, livery stable; Hughes & Jordan, Nick Trucks, J. S. Carter, Snyder & Bro., saloons. There were several others, including a hotel. D. R. Cate built a saw- mill, and furnished the lumber used in constructing the village. As rapid as was the growth of the town was its decay. It faded away in two or three years. The next movement in quartz was
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made by Judkins & Kellogg in Cherokee ravine, some mile or so distant. These parties opened and developed what is known as the Kettle lode, erected and operated successfully a large mill, and finally sold out to a London company in 1871. Near by was also opened the Caledonia quartz- mine, by H. C. Bidwell and associates, near which sprang up quite a settlement. Whiting & Co.'s Feather River Express made weekly visits to all these points, bringing letters and papers to the citizens, from Marysville.
RED CLOVER VALLEY .- This valley lies on the stage road between Flournoy's and Beck- wourth, and is in Beckwourth township. It takes its name from the native clover that grows there in great abundance. It was first settled by Richard Bagley, a Swede, and an early pioneer of the state. He acquired a possessory claim there in 1863, where now the Bagley or Chase Hotel stands. Elliott Holmes settled in the same vicinity about the same time. In 1872 Mr. Bagley erected the large hotel which still bears his name, though at present owned by Moses Chase. In 1879 a post- office was established here, with Mr. Bagley as postmaster. In 1871 a wagon road was laid out, and the construction of it commenced by Thomas E. Hayden, a resident lawyer of Reno, Nevada, the terminus of which was Flournoy's ranch, there connecting with the Taylorville road. It was completed in three years. Over it runs a tri-weekly stage carrying the U. S. mail from Greenville to Reno. Charles Beard, Peter. Anderson, Stanley, Harrison Davidson, S. B. Hinds, J. L. Crow, B. S. Crow, have, subsequently to Bagley, taken up lands in this valley for dairy ranches. Im- mense quantities of fine butter are here made, and shipped to Reno for the San Francisco market. Sufficient hay is made to provide for the cows during the winter months. Considerable snow falls here, sometimes reaching a depth of eight feet. Squaw Queen, Grizzly, and Last Chance valleys are also dairying points, and all lie within the limits of Beckwourth township.
JOBE TYRRILL TAYLOR .- The founder of the town of Taylorville, and the first permanent resi- dent of Indian valley, was born in Susquehanna county, Pennsylvania, March 21, 1811. At an early age he emigrated to Illinois, and for a time held the position of surveyor of U. S. public lands. Upon the breaking out of the gold excitement, he started across the plains for California early in 1849. He took the Lassen route, and on the night of October 31, 1849, camped in Big Meadows, in this county, near Bunnell's. He began mining on Long's bar, Butte county; then went near Bidwell's. In February, 1850, he went still farther up the middle fork, to Crooked bar, and in August went to Nelson creek. Early in the spring of 1851 he settled in Indian valley, which he made his home till the time of his death. The particulars of this settlement have already been given. Mr. Taylor was a public-spirited and energetic man, and has been engaged in many move- ments for the public benefit. He has taken a leading position in the development of Indian valley in particular, and the county generally. No citizen of Plumas enjoyed more of the trust and con- fidence of the people, or whose death was so universally lamented. His decease occurred at his home in Taylorville, March 5, 1878. His funeral was largely attended, and was conducted by the Masonic lodge, of which he was an old and worthy member; the Grangers and Good Templars also following the remains of their deceased brother to the grave. Mr. Taylor left a widow and one son. Mr. Taylor held the office of county surveyor and supervisor from his district, but never sought political honors.
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