USA > California > Los Angeles County > Los Angeles > Los Angeles from the mountains to the sea : with selected biography of actors and witnesses to the period of growth and achievement, Volume III > Part 40
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Cornelius Cole has been frequently credited with the distinction as the founder of the republican party in California. During 1856 he was editor of the Daily and Weekly Sacramento Times, the first republican paper in that city. In that capacity he was able to throw a powerful influence in behalf of the newly organized party, then mak- ing its first national campaign. He served as the California member of the National Republican Committee from 1856 to 1864. While at Sacramento he became interested in politics, served as district attorney, being elected in 1858, 1859 and 1860. Mr. Cole has also been called the Civil war congressman from California. He was elected in 1862 to the 38th Congress, serving from 1863 to 1865. At that time Cali- fornia had only three congressmen. He is one of the very last survivors of the Congress which was in session during the closing years of the great Civil war. Senator Cole has many interesting and vivid memories of President Lincoln. Following his term in Congress he was chosen from California to the United States Senate, and sat in that body from 1866 to 1873. During his term in the Senate he was chairman of the committee on appropriations. Mr. Cole is the oldest living ex-United States Senator. .
Senator Cole in 1880 removed to Los Angeles, and has been an honored member of the bar of that city for nearly forty years. For a number of years he was senior member of Cole & Cole, until the death of his son and partner, Willoughby Cole, in 1912. Senator Cole still maintains an office and might be properly called an active member of the California bar.
On January 6, 1853, Cornelius Cole married at San Francisco Olive Colegrove. She was born at Ithaca, New York, not far from the home of her husband at Lodi. Four years after he left the east to seek home and fortune in California she followed him by way of the Isthmus of Panama, and they were married immediately after her arrival at San Francisco. Mrs. Cole shared with the late Mrs. Phoebe Hearst the honor of being California's best known woman. She had been a resi- dent of Los Angeles for thirty-seven years and had lived in California for sixty-five years. She died at the family residence at Colegrove near Los Angeles, August 18, 1918, at the age of eighty-five. The family estate of Colegrove was named in her honor by Senator Cole. She was one of the first members of the Friday Morning Club of Los Angeles, was also a member of the Hollywood Woman's Club, and one of her interests for many years was a community library service maintained near Colegrove. Colegrove is part of a five hundred acre ranch which
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Mr. Cole received as a fee for getting the title of the Le Brea Rancho confirmed by the U. S. Supreme Court. Colegrove is now a part of Holly- wood.
Senator Cole credits his long years of splendid health to constant activity and a determination to get happiness from every passing hour. In later years he has found his chief happiness in his family, consist- ing of more than twenty children and grandchildren.
It is a matter of interest to note that while Senator Cole was identified with the founding of the republican party in 1856, Mrs. Cole was a woman delegate from California to the last national convention of that party in Chicago in 1916.
Senator and Mrs. Cole had nine children, seven of whom are still living. There were five boys and four girls, Frederick died October, 1873, 3 years old; Willoughby Cole, who was the third in age died Oc- tober 10, 1912, while in the midst of a busy career as a lawyer and one of the most highly regarded citizens of Los Angeles. The living chil- dren are, Mrs. Brown, widow of William V. H. Brown, a resident of Colegrove ; Seward Cole, of Los Angeles; Mrs. Waring, widow of Lieut. Howard S. Waring, of the U. S. Navy; Mrs. McLoughlin, widow of James G. McLoughlin, of New York; Schuyler Cole of Los Angeles ; Mrs. Jones, wife of Reginald H. Jones, of Hollywood, and George T. Cole, of Los Angeles.
MAE SHUM WAY ENDERLY. During the last ten or twelve years Mae Shumway Enderly has entertained and instructed literally thousands of audiences as a dramatic reader. The highest encomiums of critical and exacting tastes have been passed upon her work. In this high tide of her fame and general appreciation of her talents it is instructive to go back some years and note how she found her vocation by the process of unaided self-expression. As a girl she lived in an artistically sterile en- vironment, and she found her inspiration within herself. That probably accounts for the naturalness which is one of her chief charms.
Miss Mae Shumway was born at Galesburg, Illinois. Her ancestry goes back in an unbroken line to the noted Shumway family of Massa- chusetts. The Shumways, when they came to America, about 1660, with the French Huguenots, the name being spelled Chamoise. Later genera- tions spelled it Chamwa, and finally Shumway. There were Shumways who distinguished themselves in King Philip's war, and they were also among the Minute Men who rallied to the cause of independence at the beginning of the Revolution, and these patriotic traditions found ex- pression again when Mrs. Enderly, during the late war, gave a large part of her time to entertainment work in army camps, and also in the fact that her only son won merited distinction in the United States Navy.
Her early school education was acquired at New Windsor, Illinois. where her father was a merchant. Later the family moved to Nebraska. where she taught school. There were no inspired features in any of those environments, but she had a love for music and other forms of expres- sion that enabled her to utilize even the most meager opportunities. While in Nebraska she married, Mr. Enderly being a merchant in that state. Two children were born to them, Richard Curtis Enderly and Vineta Grace Enderly.
When the daughter was six months old Mr. Enderly sold his busi- ness and came to California. California had been their land of dreams for years, and they realized one of their greatest ambitions when they came here. Accompanying them was Mrs. Enderly's widowed mother.
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Carpenter LA.
That Shumway Enderly
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The first year they lived at Long Beach, moving to Riverside, where the little daughter died. After the great grief at this loss had somewhat subsided, Mrs. Enderly sought new interests, and began the serious study of physical culture, voice culture and dramatic reading. With improved health, she found the new work absorbing all her enthusiasm, and continued her studies at Los Angeles and later went to New York. where she entered the Frohman School of Expression. From there she was almost immediately booked by an Eastern bureau for chautauqua and lyceum work, and her success from the beginning has been phe- nomenal. Mrs. Enderly is a woman of natural charm and attractive personality, keen intellectual insight, astonishing power of memory and dramatic interpretation, and possesses both the power of detachment and sympathy which makes her dramatic readings true work of art. Lyceum managers have long regarded Mrs. Enderly as one of the most reliable attractions to star in any circuit. The greatest praise has probably been bestowed upon her original impersonations. She has long made a study. of common types of many nationalities, and some of her most delightful programs are made up of costume impersonations, accompanied by folklore and song and legend, of foreign countries.
During the World war she originated some striking and inspira- tional programs for the boys of the camps, and also worked under the auspices of the City Woman's Council of Defense and the Red Cross, and did follow up work for the War Savings Stamps. Mrs. Enderly is now engaged for from six to eight months in the year on tour, and the rest of the time she spends in her beautiful California home. She is a member of the Matinee Musical and the Ebell Clubs of Los Angeles and is a Christian Scientist.
When the war broke out her son had nearly completed two years in the University of California at Berkeley. He was one of the first students from the university to enlist, entering the Officers' Training Camp at San Pedro. He was one of the first twelve out of fourteen hundred attending this school to receive his commission as ensign. His first duties were in charge of a patrol boat off San Diego in command of nine men. After three months, he was sent to Annapolis for four months' intensive training, and after about one month was chosen com- mander of his company, and the following week was made commander of a battalion of six companies. He graduated in May and led his com- pany for the congressional review. The young man was assigned to the U. S. S. Nevada, one of the largest battleships in the American fleet, and on his first trip to France learned that for this trip it was the admiral's flagship, and the admiral himself travelled incog. While in foreign waters young Enderly was engaged in patrol work on the North Sea, the coast of England, Scotland and Ireland, and later his ship was one of the escorts of the President on his trip to France. During one week his vessel helped escort two hundred thousand men into France. He twice encountered submarine attacks and one phantom raider. He was given his commission as lieutenant just before the signing of the armistice and was honorably discharged in August, 1919.
LOS ANGELES CLINICAL GROUP OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, Eighth Floor Ferguson Building, Los Angeles, California. In keeping with its characteristic progressiveness in matters pertaining to human welfare, Southern California during the past five years has been the fostering genius of one of the most unique organizations in the history of medical advancement. It has been growing clear during the past
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few years that the medical profession, with its present disorganized form of practice, is incapable of rendering available to the community the overwhelming mass of valuable recent acquisitions to medical science. The existing system of medical practice is being forced to change just as, with the introduction of machinery, the old fashioned shop system of production was forced to give way to modern factory system with its greater capacity for supplying to all of the community the com- forts that were before reserved for the few. Army service during the war has done much to prepare the profession for this change. In the army doctors constantly worked in teams. When the services of a specialist were needed to supplement routine treatment, the specialist was always at hand. The returning army doctor has been cured of his desire to keep his practice a rigidly individualistic affair.
There was a time not many years ago when the facts and pro- cedures utilized in the practice of medicine were few as compared with those of today. One man's hand and brain could fairly well encompass them. The urge to specialization was weak, and the specialist became a specialist because some individual aptitude or the recognition of some especially needed investigation led him to confine his efforts to one par- ticular field of study. Thus, the specialists of earlier days have gradu- ally built up the great accumulation of detailed information which con- stitutes our present medical science. Today specialization is demanded in order that all of the procedures utilized by medical science may be skillfully carried out and that all of the facts may be wisely considered in diagnosis and treatment. Because the scope of the science must thus be divided up among various men in order that it may all be mastered, it is imperative that these several men join one another and continually co-ordinate their activities to reassemble their science for efficient appli- cation to practice. Only in this way can there be avoided the mistake of narrow specialization.
The large hospital and dispensary with their staffs of specialists of every kind have not met the requirements of the present situation. A new form of professional affiliation has therefore been developed. The expressions, group medicine, or group practice and group diagnosis have been coined to distinguish the modes of procedure in this new type of affiliation from the methods followed in the hospital and the dispensary. By this system doctors practice in organized groups instead of practicing independently. Combining to work thus in groups is so new to the medi- cal profession that many of the details of the group procedure have not yet been standardized. Consequently there are various types of service offered under the general designation "group medicine." The two sharply differing types of groups are ; first, that offering only examination and diagnosis, so that the group represents a sort of super-diagnostician, and second, that offering not only a diagnosis (with perhaps recommen- dations for treatment) but also supplying the staff and the facilities re- quired for actually applying the treatment needed. These two types of procedure are in this discussion designated, respectively group diagnosis and group practice.
To avoid lengthy discussion of the merits of these two systems the following expression of the beliefs of the Los Angeles Clinical Group will suffice. First, a "cut and dried" diagnosis made from the study of the patient at one stage only of his disease is far inferior to one arrived at while the patient is kept under observation during treat- ment. Composite skill is just as important in modifying the treatment
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to the changing condition of the patient as it is to specifying the need for certain measures at the outset. Second, the technique of treat- ment demands specialization just as much as diagnosis and the adminis- tration of several different lines of treatment by several individuals who are not co-ordinating their work is likely to result in the use of conflicting measures. Therefore, group practice is considered essential to getting the best results for the patient. Merely giving a diagnosis is of little value to him.
Many people fail to recognize that there is any difference between group practice and the practice of the staff in the higher grade hospital. The distinction is vital. In fact, one prominent writer on the subject of group medicine makes the statement, "Group medicine is largely a re- sult of erroneous diagnosis in hospitals which could have been avoided by group study."
Here are the differences between the new method of group practice and the older method of the dispensary and the large hospital: In the dispensary the patient usually himself specifies the nature of his ail- ment and thus, so to speak, selects for himself the specialist whose services he receives ; or the patient may be examined by one physician who presumes to decide which particular specialist should administer treatment. Much the same is true in the large public hospital; while in the private hospital the patient is usually under the care of some one physician or surgeon who may, at his own discretion, confer with such others of the staff as he chooses. The essential features of group pracy tice are: first, that the patient is examined in every instance by several specialists, or diagnosticians in succession whether he seems to need their several services or not ; second, that having been examined by all of the group, each member makes recommendations for whatever con- ditions he has found; third, those making recommendations then consult together and the various measures of treatment are applied in order of their importance to the patient's recovery.
This detailed group procedure is necessary to consistently secure the best results, even though some of the examinations prove negative. This is true because one physician or diagnostician cannot even guess suc- cessfully which particular examination is likely to detect the original cause of the patient's difficulties. Take this as an illustration: An internist examined a patient who complained of being very nervous, apprehensive, and easily tired. The internist failing to find an adequate cause for the patient's condition, sent the patient to a neurologist who, after some study, finding nothing inherently wrong with the patient's nervous system, recalled a similar case where the underlying cause was found to have been a local defect of the urinary apparatus. The pa- tient was therefore sent to a urologist for examination. The urologist found a slight abnormal condition which he proceeded to treat, but there was not satisfactory improvement in the patient's nervous condi- tion ; so in a few weeks he was again sent back to the neurologist. Now the neurologist, observing a tendency in the patient to shield his eyes from bright light, decided that the services of an oculist were needed. The patient was sent to a fourth man who found only some conges- tion of the eye lids. This he treated for a few weeks; but the patient's nervousness remained. So again the neurologist was consulted and the desultory procedure continued until finally an osteopath found a spinal condition which had been produced secondary to the condition found! and relieved by the urologist. The persistence of the spinal condition
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had kept up the patient's nervous disturbance. Proper treatment of this condition resulted in the rapid recovery of the patent's poise and vigor Probably the services of several of these specialists were needed to completely restore the patient to normal, but the uncertainty and de lay were unnecessary. If these various specialists had been organized for group practice of osteopathic medicine the patient would at once have been examined in turn by each of them, their composite findings would have been discussed and all necessary treatment begun without de- lay. The patient would have been saved hours of time spent in taking unnecessary treatment and waiting around doctors' reception rooms, and he would have been saved many dollars of scattered fees and several . weeks of discomfort and inefficiency.
Group practice presents many features of definite value to the pa- tient. Here are several of them:
First, the group method easily results in the location of an obscure cause for a general physical disturbance which would go unfound in the hands of a single practitioner.
Second, proper treatment is begun at once and is directed at the primary cause of the patient's trouble, thus preventing progress of this condition to a stage much more difficult to relieve.
Third, unsuspected disease conditions are frequently found, in con- nection with group examinations, which can be successfully treated in their early stages but which untreated would develop into serious organic diseases. This preventative medicine phase of group practice is one of the most important. (In a large number of employees of banks and commercial houses the Life Extension Institute found 59 per cent pre- senting either moderate or serious impairment of health; yet over 90 per cent of these did not suspect their danger.)
Fourth, the patient is protected against the conflicting and one- sided viewpoints of a series of isolated specialists. In the group affilia- tion each serves as a check upon the other and each is forced to develop a more mature and well balanced judgment.
Fifth, confidence is instilled in the patient by the concurrence of the opinions and recommendations of the several physicians of the group This enables the patient to receive treatment with a mental attitude that makes it easy for him to co-operate with those who are serving him.
Sixth, conflicting treatment will not be given the patient in group practice, whereas this is frequently done when a patient is receiving services simultaneously from two or more unassociated specialists.
Seventh, in borderline cases, the physicians and surgeons bring their combined judgments to bear in deciding upon whether surgical or non-surgical treatment shall be instituted, whereas in ordinary practice usually the surgeon competes with the physician for the case, or the physician submits unquestioningly to the dictates of the surgeon. Often under ordinary conditions of practice the advantages of a surgeon's diagnosis are not secured until the case has become too far advanced for safe operation.
Eighth, group practice offers to the patient a means of securing a consultation concerning his condition while it is yet in its early and sim- plest stage. The "consultation of specialists," with the dire significance given it by newspaper usage, instead of being a last resort becomes a first recourse.
Ninth, the patient can count on the physician's knowledge being up to date if he is a member of a clinical group. This is insured by the
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constructive criticism which is continually passing back and forth be- tween members of the group.
Tenth, the patient does not lose his personal contact with the physi- cian of his choice in this system.
Eleventh, the patient is protected against indecision on the part of his physician when the case requires radical treatment.
Twelfth, the highest grade of service can be secured through group practice at a minimum cost of time and money. As long ago as the spring of 1914, before there was any other group in the country or- ganized for this form of practice, a group of osteopathic physicians and surgeons in Los Angeles recognized the advantages of the system to both their own development and the welfare of their patients. Dr. Edward S. Merrill, Dr. Walter V. Goodfellow, Dr. W. Curtis Brigham and Dr. Merritt M. Ring, in the summer of that year therefore formed a definite affiliation for the purpose of developing a diagnostic and clinical group. Six years have sufficed to round the group out to a nearly complete organization. The membership of the group has changed slightly from time to time, the death of Dr. Ring having left an im- portant vacancy for a time, but the number associated with the work and the degree of specialization has gradually increased until today there are twelve distinct departments represented.
The mental and nervous diseases and the strictly manipulative osteopathic work are in the care of Dr. Edward S. Merrill. Dr. Walter V. Goodfellow is in charge of the work concerned with diseases of the ear, nose and throat and of surgery of the face and head. General surgery and gynecology are cared for by Dr. W. Curtis Brigham. Rectal surgery and diseases of the genito-urinary tract are handled by Edward B. Jones. The anesthetist and radiographer for the group is Dr. Harry B. Brigham. Dr. Frank L. Cunningham is the group's oculist, and Dr. Lillian G. Barker, laboratory diagnostician. The dental surgery is in charge of Dr. F. Fern Petty assisted by Dr. E. J. Thee. Dr. Ernest G. Bashor gives his particular attention to obstetrics and children's diseases. Circulatory, respiratory and nutritional disturbances are handled by Dr. Louis C. Chandler. In the therapeutic departments whose procedures involve special instrumentation, especially the ear, nose and throat and genito-urinary, Dr. Joseph E. Watson serves as asso- ciate. Acute diseases are taken care of by Dr. Horace A. Bashor. A special department, in charge of Dr. Ferd Goodfellow, looks after ad- ministrative problems and the keeping of records. With this organiza- tion the group is now in a position to efficiently care for cases of all types. The present quarters of the group occupying the entire eighth floor of the Ferguson Building, together with additional rooms on the floors below, and representing over two thousand square feet of floor space have been outgrown. Measures are being taken at present to se- cure a housing adequate to its growing needs.
The Los Angeles Clinical Group of Physicians and Surgeons is watching with close interest the development of the group medicine idea in the medical profession at large and looks forward to this movement for the remedy of many of the defects and superficialities that are so prevalent in the practice of all branches of medicine today.
RICHARD BERESFORD KIRCHHOFFER, who died at his home, 1504 West Twenty-seventh Street, in Los Angeles, November 8, 1919, has been a resident of Southern California nearly thirty years, and was
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long prominent in business affairs, being a member of the Los Angeles Stock Exchange.
He was born in Cork, Ireland, in September, 1855. His mother was a Miss Fairtlough of Irish ancestry. His paternal ancestors went to Ireland with William of Orange, the first Kirchhoffer being a physician to the king. His father, Richard Boyle Kirchhoffer, was an Episcopal clergyman in the same parish in Ireland for forty years.
Richard Beresford Kirchhoffer was educated in the public schools at Rossel, England, and in 1874, as a young man of nineteen went to Canada, and soon afterward joined the frontiersmen in the Canadian Northwest in what was later the province of Manitoba. He lived there for sixteen years, growing up and prospering with the country, and in 1890 came to Ontario, California, where he developed an orange grove and built a fine substantial home. In 1903 he removed to Los Angeles, and from that time until his death owned a seat in the Los Angeles Stock Exchange, and was one of the most prominent members of that 'institution. At the time of his death the Exchange drew up a beautiful tribute and memorial resolution, which was presented to Mrs. Kirch- hoffer. His death came very suddenly from heart failure, and only a few hours before he had planted a bed of flowers at his home. He was a member of the Celtic Club.
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