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Gc 974.602 N41b 1162775
GENEALOG
ON
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 00075 1740
GENEALOGY 974.602 N41B
E
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015
https://archive.org/details/historyantiquiti00barb_1
5.00
NEW HAVEN and its VICINITY
wooDi
Lake"
WintergreenFalls
Pine Rock
Hamdfen
Flafns
NORTH
BRIDGE
M
D
Hartford &: Springfield
Salt Meadows
HAVEN
cave
Whitneyville
Gun Factory"
W. Rock
Westville
miniton Park.
Farminglou
Hillhetise place
Highland Park
Whitney Av Mill F.
Quinnipiack R .. 'Middletown
Peters Rock
Ceda
Máltby
Alms House
Nech Bridge D Be
Park
Turnpike
Derlyy
State
Hospital
W. Bridge
M! Pra.
Tride
VEN
tall L.
Les Long
Derby - Rail R
Hit
F.o Wooster
ii Ruins
Haven - Rail fi
Haven
Chemical Works
S
N.
Morris
Cove
Farm R.
Double B
SIMorris aplace
Savin Rock
5 Mileri Light H. South End
Durrers.I.
10.
SCALE
1
2 Miles
Spindle
Buoy
Quickses Rock S O UND
S.W.Ledge
Drawn & Engraved + by J.W. Barber
8
A
East Haven R.
Campbell's Grave
Allingtown
Long
Ves
Wh TP
Rail R.
N.Haven& NLondon
Daltonstalls
4 12 miles
BRAN FORD
to I! Hale
rk &
Cove R
HARBOR
Beacon
Mitford Tumpile!
Hors.
Canal
EN
ock
Edgewood
Reserve!
Rail Road.
aven
Turnpike
LONG I.
View of the Light House S. of New Haven Com. Byt Hale, the Chemical Works , East & West Rocks, New Haven seen in the distance.
Third Edition, Revised and Enlarged.
HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES OF
NEW HAVEN, CONN.
From Its Earliest Settlement
TO THE PRESENT TIME, WITH
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES
And Statistical Information of the ·PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, &c., &c.
BY JOHN W. BARBER, AUTHOR OF SEVERAL HISTORICAL WORKS : AND BY LEMUEL S. PUNDERSON.
1
638
VIRTUE
LI
PROV. 9.1
ELLIGENCE.
[See pages 70 and 71.]
NEW HAVEN, CONN: PUBLISHED AND SOLD BY J. W. BARBER AND L. S. PUNDERSON.
PRINTED BY PUNDERSON, CRISAND & CO. 1870.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870, by JOHN W. BARBER AND LEMUEL S. PUNDERSON, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Connecticut.
PREFACE. - 1162775
THE first edition of this work was published in 1831, by the Sen- ior author, the second by J. W. Barber and L. Punderson in 1856. Both these editions were exhausted a few years after they were is- sued. Since the work was first issued, New Haven has advanced from a population of about eleven thousand, to about sixty thousand. With the increase of population, her public insiitutions have been largely increased ; her mechanical, manufacturing and commercial interests have been widely and yearly extended; and her prospects are bright for the future. In this edition, views, notices &c. are given of the most prominent public buildings, interesting items in our Revolutionary history recently collected, an account of Fair Ha- ven and West Haven, with notices of several distinguished citizens of New Haven recently deceased, are aiso given.
Few places in our country can furnish more interesting materials of its past history than New Haven. Its first settlers were a re- markable body. Distinguished above most men by high moral principles, and an inflexible attachment to civil and religious liberty, they were, indeed, of the best class of the nation from which they emigrated. Many of them had moved in superior ranks of life, and some had held offices of great trust and responsibility in their native country.
Disdaining to sacrifice "a good conscience" for personal ease or popularity, they exiled themselves from their native land. Fired with a noble zeal for the welfare of the race, these genuine Puri- tans transplanted themselves to a wilderness, where they might have " freedom to worship God." Armed with conscious rectitude, and faith in a Divine Being, though surrounded by savages, they ventured to lay the foundations of a Christian commonwealth.
No attempt has been made to write a formal history ; the object being more to collect valuable and interesting facts. Some of these may possibly be deemed too trivial to be noticed, but it is true, as Dr. Johnson has well said, " posterity delights in details." It also may be observed that we of the present age are not always the best judges of what may prove to be of the most interest or value to those who come after us. Much, undoubtedly, has been lost to the world by fastidious views on this subject. Many extracts have
(
4
been taken from ancient newspapers printed in this place. These " Journals of the times," in which events are detailed, as it were, on the spot and time of occurrence, are of great value as historical documents.
In the compilation of this work we are under obligations to sev- eral gentlemen who have superior facilities for obtaining correct information on every subject relating to New Haven. Considering the great number and variety of subjects introduced, it is quite possible some inaccuracies may be found. However this may be, we feel conscious of having used all ordinary means to present to the public a reliable history.
J. W. BARBER,
L. S. PUNDERSON.
New Haven, Conn.
A revision of the Statistics, &c., in former editions, appears in this, with the following additions :
Beecher, Lyman, Rev. Dr. no- Page.
tice of monument &c. 177
Building, oldest in N. H. . 208 Localities of ancient residen
Campbell, Adj. notice of . 204
Chronological Table . 209
Church, ancient, W. Haven 200 Croswell, Rev. Dr. monument,
Inscriptions, &c. 180
City Hall 191.
Day, President, notice of .
179
Post Office 194
Savin Rock . 203
Episcopal Churches (new) . 208
Sheffield Seientific School . 190
Foote, Admiral, notice of . 183 Silliman, Sen .. Prof , notice of 181 West Haven, History of . 199 Fair Haven 197
Garth, Gen. notice of 205
Goodyear, Charles 185
Goodyear, Miles M. 186
Hamilton Park 195
Historical Soc. N. H. Col. . 193
Page.
Home, Aged Ladies . 196
ces, &c. 174
Marett, Philip, bequest of . 54
Maltby Park 195
Morse, Rev. Dr., notice of . 175
New Haven Water works . 195
Old Parsonage, West Haven 201
Divinity College 22
Williston, Rev. Mr. of West
Haven, notice of . . . 205
Yale School of Fine Arts . 188
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Alarm in New Haven 168 Alms House 40 Andross, Gov. visit to N. H. 104
Andross, letter conc. Goff .
101
Arnold, B., advertisement
.
118
Arnold, estate confiscated .
139
Anthracite Coal first used
.
59
Ashmun's monument
145
Ashmun, Funeral of
146
Austin, David, notice of 142, 152
Augur's Statue, Jeptha, &c.
161
Attention to Strangers
43
Asylum, Orphan
42
Bacon, Rev. Dr., Hist. Disc. 23
Baptist Churches
31
Banks
55
Beacon at East Haven
133
Berkley, Dean, donation of 15
Blue Laws of Connecticut
82
Books given to Yale Coll. :
13
British seamen captured
.
169
Cabinet, Mineral. and Geolog. 17
Campbell, Adj 204 killed .
122
Cotton Manufactory
58
Campbell's Grave
131
Criminals, branded, cropped
111
Capture of the Susan, &c. .
170
Cutter, U. S., Eagle, captured 170
Common Schools .
52
Catholic Churches
31
Canal, Farmington
48
Carriages and Wagons
60
Cemeteries
33
Centennial Celebration,
154
Chapel Street, plan of
172
Cheever, Ezekiel, notice of .
162
PAGE
Churches .- Center Ch., 24- Chapel-st., 27 - College- st., 27-Episcopal, Prot., 28-Howe-st., 27-North Church, 26-South Cong., 28-Third Cong., 26- White Haven, 25-Woos- ter Place, 28 - Baptist Churches, 31 - Catholic Churches, 31 - Methodist Episcopal, 29 - Churches in Westville, 32-Do. Fair Haven, Universalist Ch., 32-Jewish Congregation, Connecticut Hall . 16
32
Conn. Academy of Arts and
Sciences
50
Columbian Register extracts
168
Chronological Table
209
City, growth of
63
Clap, Pres., Insc. on Monument 147
Cornstalk juice distilled
139
Coal, Anthracite, first intro. 59
County House and Jail
39
Cornwallis' surrender, rejoic-
ing, &c.
138
College [Yale] Founding of,
11-First Commencement
of, Library of, removed to
CONTENTS
PAGE.
New Haven, 13-Name of,
15-College Buttery and
Butler, 20-Faculty of, 21 -Medical College, 21- Divinity Coll, 18.
Davenport, Rev. J.
89
Davenport, lines on, .
163
Davenport, James, irregulari-
ties of .
85
Deserters, British
169
Delaware, lands purchased
73
Distinguished localité
174
D.
Colonel, notice of .
103
Dixwell, ancient monument
106
Dixwell, view of new do.
.
108
Doolittle, Amos, notice of .
157
Dutch. trouble with 74
Dutch apply for assistance .
75
Dwight, Timothy, notice of
148
Dyke across W. meadow
.
44
Eagle, U. S. cutter, capture of 170
Eaton, Gov., notice of
90
Eaton School
53
Earl, portrait painter
157
Engraving, first, in N. H.
157
Farmington Canal
48
First School House
51
First Newspaper
109
Fire Department
55
Fire, destructive, Long Wharf 141
Fort on Prospect Hill
169
Freshmen of Yale College
.
19
Funerals
35
Fulton Steamboat
171
Gas Company .
60
Gorges, Sir F., lines on Da-
venport
164
PAGE.
George III. proclaimed king 110
Government, Civil and Reli-
gious, formation of
70
Goff, Gen., notice of
92
· Goff, anecdotes of, 97, 98- Letter to his wife, 94-ap- pearance at Hadley, sup- posed to be an angel, 99- His journal, 91-Conceal- ment at Hartford, 101- Monument, supposed, 100. Governor's Guard march to
Boston
120
Grammar School, Hopkins'
51
Greenwich purchased
73
Greenwich, misdemeanors at
84
Guilford, General Court at
.
12
Hadley, Gen. Goff at 99 Hardy, Commodore, notice of 25 Hillhouse, James, notice of . 152 Hopkins, Gov., notice of 51, 163 Hopkins' Grammar School . 51
Horticultural Society 56
Hospital, State
41
Houses of Public Worship
.
23
Humphreys, Col. David, no-
tice of, view of monument,
inscription,
149
Indians, Quinnipiacs
65
Indian Hill .
65
Indian executed
78
Indian marks or signatures
69
Inhabitants of New Haven
from 1639 to 1645
76
Inhabitants of N. H., 1748 .
88
Ingersoll, notice of
118
Ingersoll, resignation of office
of Stamp Master, &c.
.
114
iii.
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Invasion of New Haven 121
Institute, Young Men's 54
Judges (Regicides) history of Judges, anecdotes of, 97- Dexterity of, 98-Cave on W. Rock, 96-Signatures (fac simile), 91. Jones, Gov., notice of 146
Kingsley, Prof., notice of
.
173
La Fayette, visit to N. Haven 143
Laws for Freshmen
19
Laws, New Haven Code 82
Lancasterian School .
52
Lamberton, plot against
75
Lawrence and Ludlow, bodies of, pass through N. H. 168
Lexington, action at . 158
Lexington, engraving of 158
Libraries, Public
54
Library, Yale Coll., removed Long Wharf
13
44
Pavilion
62
Manufactories, &c. 57 Peters' History of Connecticut 82 Map, oldest of, New Haven 87 Peters' Credibility as Historian 83 Markets, Public 41 Powder, manufacture of 61
Mecom, B., Printer, &c. . 113 Methodist Episcopal Churches 29 Medical College 21
Meeting-House, seating of, in
1646 164
Mineralogical and Geol. Cab. 17
Mulberry Orchards
61
Morse, Jedediah, notice of . 151
Names of First Settlers
76
Names of persons killed in the
invasion of New Haven . 125
PAGE. N. Haven City, 9-Population 64 New Haven, Ancient Hist. of 65 New Haven, Invasion of 121
91
New Haven, Deaths in .
174
New Township
64
Newspaper, first, in N. H. .
109
Newspapers and Periodicals,
List of, published in N. H. 166
Newspapers in New Haven
10
Newspaper Extracts previous
to the Revolution
109
Newspaper Extracts during
the Revolution .
132
Newspaper Extracts during
the War of 1812
168
Orphan Asylum
42
Paintings in Trumbull Gallery 160 Paper captured by the enemy 171
Paper Mills
58
Paupers (Town) advertised 112
Pavements of side walks
50
Peace Rejoicing in 1783
.
140
Privateer New Broom
137
Prospect Hill Fort
169
Public Houses
61
Powder, manufacture of .
61
Public Square
171
Rail Roads .
49
Records of N. H., curious
80
Regicides, History of
91
Rocks, West and East
62
Seating of first Meeting Ho. 164
iv.
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
PAGE.
Schools, common, 52-Eaton,
53-select noarming, 53- Webster, 53-First Lan- casterian, 52-Grammar, 51-Public Schools, Free, location, 53.
State IIouse 36
Steam Boat, first from N. Y. 47 Seamen, British, captured . 169 Sabbath day Houses . . 33 Seven Pillars, constituted, &c. 71
Students, number of . 22
Stiles, Pres., inaguration of 135
Stiles, Pres., notice of 147 Sherman, Roger, notice of . 151
Stamp Act repealed . 120
Ship seen in the air 79
Southold, L. I., purchased Sabbath, first in N. Haven 66 60
Stoves, when introduced
Signatures of Generals Goff, Whalley and Col. Dixwell 91
Slaves advertised for sale . 111 Settlers in New Haven, list of, from 1639 to 1645 76
Strangers, attention to 43
Square, Public . 37
Town Paupers advertised 112
Tomlinson's Bridge . 46
Theatrical Entert'ments, &c. 136
Treaty with Momaugium .
68
Trumbull, Dr., historian, on
Prospect Hill 169
Trumbull Gallery . 17 Trumbull Gallery, view of . 160 Trumbull, John, hist. painter 159 Tryon's official account of in-
vasion of New Haven 126
Tryon's Proclamation
125
Turnpikes, &c.
45
Union of N. Haven with Con.
84
United Society
25
Volunteers' work on fortifica-
tions on Prospect Hill . 169
Webster, Noah, notice of . 150
Webster, Noah, view of his monument 150
Webster, Noah, fac-simile of hand writing 151
West Haven, incursion at . 138 Whitney, Eli, notice of . 153
Wharf, Long 44
Whalley, Gen., notice of 93
Whalley, monum'nt (suppos'd) 102 Whitefield, George, visits N. H. 85 Wooster Square 39
Yale College 11
Yale, Elihu, notice of
14
York Square
39
73
CITY OF NEW HAVEN.
THE City of New Haven is a port of entry, seat of justice of the County, and semi-capital of Connecticut.
It is beautifully situated on an extensive plain, at the head of a harbor or bay, which extends inland four miles from Long Island Sound, and is nearly environed on all sides, except in this direction, by an amphitheater of hills ; two of the most prominent presenting perpendicular pre- cipices from three to four hundred feet in height, called East and West Rock.
The situation is about 76 miles N. E. of New York, and 160 miles S. W, of Boston, by railroad via Spring- field ; being nearly in a direct line between the two cities. Lat. 41º 18' 23" N .- lon. 72º 56' 30" W.
The Quinnipiac River forms the eastern boundary of the Town, and Mill River of the City ; West River forms part of the western boundary. The two latter are small mill streams affording water power to a limited number of manufactories, and discharging their waters into the harbor. The City was originally laid out in a plot half a mile square, which was divided into nine squares. As the population increased these were after- wards subdivided into smaller ones. From the original plot, the city has extended in all directions. Most parts exhibit a uniform, neat, and elegant appearance.
There are several Public Squares in the city. The cen- tral one, commonly called the Green, is unequalled by but few in the country. It contains the State House, and three Churches, and is surrounded on all sides by rows of stately Eims. Wooster Square, in the eastern part of the
1
10
City, is also a beautiful inclosure ; also York Square and several smaller ones, in various parts of the city.
The City enjoys the reputation of being one of the handsomest in the United States, and there is probably no other so extensively ornamented with as great a profu- sion of trees as this. The principal are the Elm and Ma- ple. From their great abundance in all the streets, New Haven is familiarly called the "City of Elms."
The dwellings are scattered over a large space, leaving room for gardens and court yards, presenting a rural appearance.
New Haven has long been celebrated for its literary advantages. Besides the College and Public Free Schools, there are a large number of Boarding-Schools of high standing, for youth of both sexes.
There are 5 Cemeteries in different sections of the city. The New Haven City Burial Ground, near the central part; two Catholic, the Evergreen, and the Westville Cemeteries, in the western part. There are in the city 38 churches : 11 Congregational, 8 Episcopal, 8 Metho- dist, 4 Baptist, 4 Catholic, 1 Universalist, 1 Second Advent, and 1 Jewish. The other prominent buildings are the College Buildings, City Hall, State House, Post Office and Custom House Building, the Art Building, the Sheffield Scientific School, the State Hospital, Medical College, Home for Aged Women, Alms House, Orphan Asylum, Free Public Schools, Music Hall, Tontine, New Haven House, and other Hotels of a superior class; 13 Banks, 4 of which are for savings.
New Haven has extensive railroad communication with all parts of the country, also by steamboats. There is also a large shipping business carried on with the West India Island . Her var ous manufactories are very exten- sive, and, with the population, are rapidly increasing. There are 5 newspaper offices, issuing 3 daily and 5 weekly editions. One of these papers is in the German language. Another, entitled "College Courant," is published at Yale College, being, for the most part, a literary production. There is also published the
11
American Journal of Science and Arts, and the New Englander. A more particular description of the various objects mentioned, will be given in a subsequent portion of the book.
YALE COLLEGE.
" This Seminary is commonly said to have been founded in the year 1700. In this year, ten of the principal min- isters, nominated by a general consent, both of the clergy and the inhabitants of Connecticut, viz .: Rev. James Noyes, of Stonington, Rev. Israel Chauncey, of Stratford, Rev. Thomas Buckingham, of Saybrook. Rev. Abraham Pierson, of Killingworth, Rev. Samuel Mather, f Wind- sor. Rev. Samuel Andrew, of Milford, Rev. Timothy Woodbridge, of Hartford. Rev. James Pierpont, of New Haven, Rev. Noadiah Russel, of Middletown, and Joseph Webb, of Fairfield, met at New Haven, and formed them- selves into a society, which, they determined, should con- sist of eleven ministers, including a rector, and agreed to found a College in the colony. At their next meeting, which was in Branford the same year, each of them brought a number of books, and, presenting them to the society, said " I give these books for the founding a College in this Colony." Antecedently to this event the subject had been seriously canvassed by the clergy, particularly Messrs. Pierpont, Andrew, and Russel, of Branford, and by the people at large, during the two preceding years, and had come thus far towards maturity.
" The act of Legislature which gave birth to Harvard College was passed in 1636. Only ten years, therefore, elapsed after the beginning of a settlement in Massachu- setts before a college was commenced in earnest ; whereas sixty-five years passed away after the colonization of Con- necticut was begun, and sixty-three after that of New Ha- ven, before any serious attempt was made toward the found- ing of Yale College. But we are not hence to conclude that the colonies of Connecticut and New Haven were less friendly to learning than those of Massachusetts. The pro- ject of establishing a college in each of these colonies was
12
early taken up, but checked by well founded remonstrances from the people of Massachusetts, who very justly ob- served that the whole population of New England was scarcely sufficient to support one institution of this nature, and that the establishment of a second would, in the end, be a sacrifice of both. These considerations put a stop to the design for a considerable time."-Dr. Dwight.
Of the serious intention of the New Haven colonists to establish a college, the following document, copied from the records of Guilford, furnish decisive evidence.
" At a General Court, held at Guilford, June 28, A. D. 1652,
" Voted : The matter about a College at New Haven was thought to be too great a charge for us of this juris- diction to undergo alone; especially, considering the un- settled state of New Haven Town; being publicly de- clared, from the deliberate judgment of the most under. standing men, to be a place of no comfortable subsistence for the present inhabitants there. But if Connecticut do join, the planters are generally willing to bear their just proportions for erecting and maintaining of a College there. However, they desire thanks to Mr. Goodyear, for his kind proffer to the setting forward of such a work."
" In October, 1701, the Legislature granted the before- named gentleman a charter, constituting them " Trustees of a Collegiate School in his Majesty's Colony of Connec- ticut," and invested them with all the powers which were supposed to be necessary for the complete execution of their trust. The following November they chose one of their number, Mr. Pierson, Rector of the School, and determined that it should be fixed for the present at Saybrook.
In the year 1702 the first Commencement was held at Saybrook, at which five young gentlemen received the degree of A. M. Four of them were graduates of Har- vard College.
From this time many debates arose concerning the place where the school should finally be established, and
YALE: COLLEGE. i Ari Building - South College. - Atheneum .- &Middle College. - Lyceum. - NMiddle College .- Chapel - North College. - Divinity Call.
14
Upon which the honorable Col. Taylor represented Governor Yale in a speech expressing his great satisfaction ; which ended, we passed to the Church, and there the Commencement was carried on. In which affair, in the first place, after prayer, an oration was had by the Saluting orator, James Pierpont, and then the disputa- sions, as usual ; which concluded, the Rev. Mr. Davenport [one of the Trustees, and minister of Stamford] offered an excellent oration in Latin, expressing their thanks to Almighty God, and Mr. Yale under him, for so public a favor and so great regard to our lan guishing school. After which were graduated ten young men ; whereupon the Hon. Governor Saltonstall, in a Latin speech, con- gratulated the Trustees in their success, and in the comfortable ap- pearance of things with relation to their school. All which ended, the gentlemen returned to the College Hall, where they were en- tertained with a splendid dinner, and the ladies, at the same time, ·were also entertained in the Library : after which they sung the first four verses in the 65th Psalm, and so the day ended .*
President Woolsey adds : "The ladies were put upon an intel- lectuel diet, while the gentlemen had access to the good things which the hall afforded."
" This building they were enabled to erect by a consid- erable number of donations, which they had received for this purpose, both within and without the colony. Their principal benefactor, both during this period and all which have succeeded, was the Legislature.
" Among the individuals who distinguished themselves by their beneficence to this infant institution was the Hon. Elihu Yale, Esq., of London. This gentleman was de- scended of an ancient and respectable family in Wales. His father, Thomas Yale, Esq., came from England with the first colonists of New Haven. In this town his son, Elihu, was born, April 5th. 1648. He went to England at ten years of age. and to Hindoostan at thirty. In that country he resided about twenty years, was made Gov- ernor of Madras, and married the widow of Governor Himmers, his predecessor. Having acquired a large for- tune, he returned to London, was chosen Governor of the East India Company and died at Rexon, July 8th, 1721.
This gentleman sent, in several donations, to the Col- legiate School, &£500 sterling, between 1714 and 1718; and a little before his death, ordered goods to be sent out to the value of ££500 more, but they were never re- ceived.
* MS. of Dr. Johnson, afterwards President Columbia College.
.-
15
" In gratitude to this benefactor, the Trustees, by a sol- emn act, named their Seminary Yale College ; a name which, it is believed, will convey the memory of his be- neficence to distant generations."
The first College, which was erected at this time, was built of wood, one hundred and seventy feet long, twen- ty-two feet wide, and three stories high ; contained near fifty studies, besides the Hall, Library, and Kitchen, and cost about ££1000 sterling.
This building stood facing College-street, near Chapel, in front of the present South College. The Kitchen was an appendage to it in the rear, at the south end, and com -- municated with the Dining Hall, which extended across the College building. This hall was also used for prayers and public meetings. The Library room was immedi- ately over the Hall.
There were three doors or entrances in front. There have been several engravings of the building, but none of them correct. This College was taken down in 1782.
" Before it was erected, the students were scattered in various places-as Milford, Killingworth, Guilford, Say- brook, Wethersfield, &c. Soon afterwards they all re- moved to New Haven. From this time the institution began to flourish. The number of the students was about forty, and the course of education was pursued with spirit. The benefactions, also, which it received were in- creased in number and value.
" In the list of its principal benefactors was the Rev. Dr. Berkley, Dean of Derry, in Ireland, and afterwards Bishop of Cloyne. This highly respectable man came to America in the year 1732, for the purpose of establishing a College in the Island of Bermuda. The project failed. however, for want of assistance from England which was promised him. While he was in America, he became ac- quainted with the Rev. Mr. Williams, and with the design and circumstances of the Seminary. With all these he was so well pleased that he made a present to it of a farm, which he had purchased at Rhode Island, and after' his return to Europe sent to the Library "the finest collec- tion of books that ever came together at one time into America."-Pres. Clap.
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