Commemorative biographical record of Hartford County, Connecticut : containing biographical sketches of prominent and representative citizens, and of many of the early settled families, Pt 2, Part 110

Author: J.H. Beers & Co
Publication date: 1901
Publisher: Chicago : J.H. Beers & Co.
Number of Pages: 1172

USA > Connecticut > Hartford County > Commemorative biographical record of Hartford County, Connecticut : containing biographical sketches of prominent and representative citizens, and of many of the early settled families, Pt 2 > Part 110

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

1265

COMMEMORATIVE BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.

William Bulkeley, of Oakley, married Beatrice, daughter of William Hill, of Bunsingstall.

Thomas Bulkeley, of Woose, Salop, married Elizabeth, daughter of Randall Grosvenor, of Bell- aport.

Edward Bulkeley, D. D., rector of Odell, Bed- fordshire, prebendary of Litchfield, married Olive Ilsby, of Lincolnshire.

Thomas, first Viscount seated at Baron Hill, near Beaumaris, Isle of Anglesey, was advanced by King Charles I to the dignity of Viscount Bulkeley, June 6, 1643, and made master of the King's house- hold. He left five sons. Henry, one of the sons, married Lady Sophia Stewart, sister of the beauti- ful Duchess of Richmond. Of the daughters of Henry, one married the Duke of Berwick, son of King James 1I, of England. The other daughters, all celebrated for their beauty, were Charlotte, Hen- rietta and Laura. The former married Lord Clare (killed at Ramillies). He was an ancestor of the Marshall Thormond.

Rev. Peter Bulkeley was born at Odell, Bedford- shire, Jan. 1, 1583. At sixteen years of age he was admitted to St. John's College, Cambridge, of which he was chosen fellow, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Divinity. He succeeded his father in the rich benefice of Odell, and soon became cele- brated for his eloquence, and especially for his vigor and courage in denouncing the scandals of the time. Incurring the ill will of Archbishop Laud, he was soon, in common with many other brilliant lights of the Established Church, silenced for non- conformity. He now determined to leave the coun- try, and, converting property to the amount of £6,000 into money, he eluded the vigilance of the authorities, who had orders to prevent his departure, and embarked on the ship "Susan and Ellen" in 1635, while his wife, Grace Chetwoode, sailed on another vessel, leaving a few days later.

Rev. Peter Bulkeley, in 1635, soon after his ar- rival, settled in Concora, Mass., where a monument now stands marking the site of his house. His church, organized in 1636, July 5, was the twelfth in the Colony. His distinguished reputation, his noble birth and his wealth excited no envy among his colleagues. All loved and admired him, for his life was spent in good works and noble self-sacrifice. He died in 1659, at the age of seventy-five years. The famous divine, Rev. Cotton Mather, in preach- ing his funeral sermon, said: "When he came abroad in the world a good benefice befell him, added unto the estate of a gentleman, left him by his father, whom he succeeded in the ministry at the place of his nativity, which one would imagine was temptation enough to keep him out of the wil- derness ; nevertheless the concern which his renewed soul had for the pure worship of our Lord Jesus Christ and for the planting of evangelical churches to exercise that worship caused him to leave and sell all, in hopes of gaining the 'Pearl of great price' among those who first peopled New England

upon those glorious ends. To this country he therefore came, in 1635, and having been for a while at Cambridge, he carried a good number of planters with him up further into the woods, where they gathered the Twelfth Church then founded in the Colonies and called the town by the name of Concord. Here he buried a great estate while he raised one still for almost every person whom he employed in the affairs of his husbandry. He had many and goodly servants, whom, after they had lived with him a fit number of years, he still dis- missed with bestowing favors upon them, and so took others after the like manner to succeed them in their service and his kindness." Thus he cast his bread upon the waters and into the earth, not ex- pecting the return of this his charity to a religious plantation until "after many days," but "after many days," if the good old man could have returned from his grave, he would have seen, celebrating the 250th anniversary of the founding of Concord, a vast concourse, among them the proudest and best names in the land, many of them his lineal de- scendants, all of them vieing with one another in rendering homage to his memory. How touching are the lines (translated from the Latin) that he wrote as he felt death stealing over him :

I've reached the evening of my mortal day, A sluggish mass of clay is this my frame, Yet grant, O God, that while I live I may Live to the glory of Thy holy Name, And if in life I may not honor Thee, From such dishonor may death set me free.

Whether within Thy holy courts below, I preach salvation unto dying men, Or in Thine upper Temple, with the flow Of angel quirings blend my raptured strain, Living or dying, Thine I still would be, My life and death, alike, are due to Thee.

His wife, Lady Grace Chetwoode, was a daugh- ter of Sir Richard Chetwoode, of Souden, and his wife, Dorothy, daughter of Sir Robert Needham, of Shevington, County Salop. Sir Richard was a son of Richard Chetwoode, of Chetwoode, County Bucks. He was a gentleman of the Privy Chamber of King Edward VI. His will is dated July 6, I559. His wife was Agnes, sole daughter and liciress of Baron Woodhull, of Woodhull, County Bedford, and Anne, his wife, daughter of Sir John Smith Kent, Baron of the Exchequer. Richard Chetwoode was a son of Roger Chetwoode, of Rus and Wurlestine, County Chester, who married, 1522, Ellen, daughter of Thomas Masterton, of "The Wyche." County Chester. Tradition states that Grace Chetwoode before arriving in America was taken seriously ill, and lying in a trance for three days was thought to be dead. Being a Lady she was not buried at sea, but on being removed to the shore manifested signs of life, recovered, and shortly after gave birth to her child. In commemoration of their compulsory departure from their native land, the child was given the name of Gersham

1266

COMMEMORATIVE BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.

(an exile). From this Gersham Bulkeley are de- scended those whose descent we trace.

The Rev. Peter Bulkeley also brought over with him Rev. Edward Bulkeley, a son of his first wife. Jane Allen, daughter of Thomas Allen, of Goldington, whose nephew was the Lord Mayor of London.

Gersham Bulkeley, the third son of Rev. Peter Bulkelev, was born Dec. 6, 1636, and was graduated at Harvard College in 1655, before completing his nineteenth year. He married, Oct. 26, 1658, Sarah, daughter of President Charles Chauncey, of Har- vard. She was born in Ware, England, June 13. 1631, and died June 19, 1669. Rev. Gersham preached for a time at New London and Wethers- field, 1665 to 1667. Becoming interested in chem- istry and philosophy, and noting the absence of proper surgeons in the Colony, he determined to adopt the practice of medicine and surgery, and was appointed by the General Court in 1675 sur- geon to the army against the Indians. He died at Wethersfield Dec. 2, 1713. The inscription on his monument says: "He was honorable in his de- scent, of rare abilities, extraordinary industry, ex- cellent learning, master of many languages, ex- quisite in his skill in divinity, physic and law, and of a most exemplary and Christian life." One of his sons, John, was the first minister in Colchester.

Edward Bulkeley, the fifth child of Rev. Ger- sham and Sarah Chauncey, was born in 1673. and married, 1702, Dorothy Prescott, of Concord, Mass. He died in 1749, aged seventy-five. His monument at Rocky Hill, surmounted by his arms, described him as "Hon. Capt. Edward Bulkeley, Esq." His wife was a daughter of Maj. Jonathan Prescott. of Concord, who died in 1729, and his wife, Rebecca Bulkeley, only daughter of Hon. Col. Peter Bulke- ley, born in 1641. son of Rev. Edward Bulkeley. mentioned before as son of Rev. Peter Bulkeley. founder of Concord, by his first wife.

Justus Bulkeley was born in Wethersfield Dec. 26. 1752, the youngest of the six children of Peter and Abagail Curtis Bulkeley. For years he was engaged in mercantile business on the bank of the Connecticut river, near Rocky Hill. Joseph, his brother, whose descendants live in New York, was also a merchant, and ran a vessel from the West Indies, bringing rum and carrying out produce.

Col. William Bulkeley, born Dec. 7. 1797, in Wethersfield (now Rocky Hill), was one of the nine children of Justus and Mabel Boardman Bulkeley. Gov. Bulkeley's ancestors to Colchester. Col. Bulkeley was educated in the common schools and the academy at Wethersfield, and in early life went to Berlin, where he learned the business of manu- facturing tinman's tools. He went West with a brother, and on his return started in business with horse-power, but later added an engine. Six or eight men were employed in making tools, and for eight years he employed about twenty men in manu- facturing spoons, having taken the business of a

man who failed, and for whom he had made tools. For some time he conducted a grocery in Middle- town, and about seventy-five years ago he pur- chased the present family homestead at Berlin, now occupied by his son. William. His shop, which has been deserted since his death, still stands op- posite the residence, and the old sign, J. & W. Bulkeley (Justus & William Bulkeley), which was painted seventy years ago, is still there. Col. Will- iam Bulkeley died Nov. 10, 1878, in his eighty- first year, and until the last he continued his interest in business and current events. He was prominent in politics, and spent two terms as representative in the State Legislature, having been elected the last time in 1857. He was selectman in 1850, when the town was divided from New Britain, also dur- ing the Civil war, and again in 1868. At a special town meeting, June 26, 1850, Ira Cole and William Bulkeley were selectmen and signed a call for a town meeting, at which meeting it was voted to relinquish all claim to two representatives and con- sent forever hereafter to have but one representa- tive to the General Assembly of Connecticut. For ten years Col. Bulkeley served as assessor, and his military title was gained as an officer in the 6th Connecticut Militia. He was married, Sept. 10, 1827, at the present family residence, to Caroline Beckley, a native of Wethersfield, and a descend- ant of Richard Beckley, the first sett'er at Berlin. They had the following children: William, men- tioned below; George Hart, born April 27, 1837, who died when two years old : and Julia Caroline, born Sept. 9, 1839, who stays at home with her brother, William.

WILLIAM BULKELEY, son of Col. William, and one of the leading residents of Berlin, was born July 18, 1829. in the same house in which he now resides. He attended the local academy and a pri- vate school taught by Rev. Joseph Whittlesey, and at the age of eighteen began to assist in his father's business, the tools being then made by hand. He has always resided at the homestead, an attractive estate of twenty-five acres, but he has not much time to devote to its management. He is a meni- ber of the Board of Trade, and has served as presi- dent of the Berlin Savings Bank since the death of Alfred North, the former president, in 1892. His judgment in business affairs is much respected,

and he has been appointed administrator of more estates than any other man in Berlin. His disposi- tion is modest and unassuming, and as a public official he carries out the convictions that he is simply a servant of the people. Like his father he was first a Whig and then a Republican, and he was the last man in Berlin to vote the Whig ticket. In local elections he votes for the best man, while his popularity is seen from the fact that both parties have endorsed him for the office of town clerk. In 1865 he was chosen representative. the session meeting at Hartford. P. T. Barnum was also a member that year. Mr. Bulkeley served ten years

William Bulkeley

1267

COMMEMORATIVE BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.

as registrar of voters, three years as collector of taxes, and fourteen years as town clerk and treas- urer, having been first elected to the latter office Oct. 4, 1886. He is a member of the Congrega- tional Church and Ecclesiastical Society, and he was prominent in Sunday-school work in his younger days, serving several years as librarian. The public library in Berlin, formerly a private library, is much indebted to him, as he was one of the promoters of the movement to revive and re- model it on the present plan.

HENRY BUCK, late postmaster at Addison, was the owner of a large general store, the first established in the place. He was a self-made man, lis success being due to conservative business methods and untiring industry, and the story of his life will be of general interest.

Mr. Buck was born July 12, 1856, in Fromen- see, Germany, where his family is well known, the name, however, being spelled Bauch, and pro- nounced accordingly. His father, Lawrence Bauch, a lifelong resident of Fromensee, married Katrina Katzman, of the same town, and had six children as follows: Mary, who resides in Waterbury, Conn., with her brother Lawrence; John, who mar- ried Charlotte Fladd, and resides in Glastonbury ; George, who married, and settled in Hartford; Henry, our subject; Valentine, a tailor in Glaston- bury, unmarried; Lawrence, who married and set- tled in Waterbury.

Henry Buck received a limited school educa- tion in his native town, and at an early age began to learn the tailor's trade, under August Klopperd, of Germany. He received no wages and had hard ly anything to eat, being obliged at times to take potatoes from the pot while his employer was not looking in order to satisfy his hunger. He served only two years of his time, having made up his mind to come to America, and, as he had no money, funds were sent him by his relatives in Addison. He sailed from Saxony on a steam vessel and after a voyage lasting thirteen days landed in New York, coming to Hartford by boat and then to Addison. His brother, John, was already located there, and through his assistance our subject secured work in Crosby Woolen Co.'s Mills, where he remained about three years, when the firm discontinued busi- ness. With his earnings he purchased an old horse and wagon, of which he said, "their aggregate age was fifty years," and began peddling notions, watches and jewelry through the State of Con - necticut. This business he continued successfully for eight years, and in 1883 he built the store and residence which he afterward occupied. The town was then known as Eagleville, and in 1889 the name was changed to Addison and a postoffice established, our subject being the first postmaster. He was a Democrat in politics, and was not identified with any fraternal organization.

On May 4, 1880, Mr. Buck was married to

Miss Katherine Eberhart, who was born March 30, 1862, at Wittenberg, Germany, the daughter of Jacob and Katherine (Geiger) Eberhart. Her mother now resides at our subject's late home. Mr. and Mrs. Buck had one child, Ruth Washing- ton, born February 22, 1885. Mr. Buck passed away in August, 1900.

EDMUND SANFORD (deceased), through the long years of his identification with Hartford county, enjoyed the highest respect of his fellow citizens by reason of his strict integrity and sterling worth. His devotion to the public welfare also made him a valued factor in public life, and by his death Avon was deprived of one of her best citizens.

Mr. Sanford was born in Avon, Jan. 16, 1824, and was educated in the schools of that town. At the age of twenty-five years he went to Louisi- ana, where he was overseer on the plantation of S. & R. Tillotson, and while there he married Miss Mary Elizabeth Tillotson, a daughter of Ira Tillot- son. On his return to Connecticut, in 1850, he en- gaged in farming and lumbering in Avon, and there continued to make his home until called from this life in 1892. He was a faithful and consistent member of the Congregational Church of Union- ville, and in politics was an ardent Republican. His worth and ability were widely recognized, and lie was elected to various local offices, including those of selectman and assessor, and in 1871 he represented Avon in the State Legislature. Three children were born to Edmund and Mary E. (Til- lotson) Sanford, namely : (1) Henry Tillotson, born in May, 1852, died in 1883. (2) Frank, born Dec. 23, 1853, is mentioned below. (3) Charles Jesse, born in July, 1865, is a farmer of Avon. He wedded Miss Mary Gillespie, and has five children-Eliza- beth, Harriet, Ruth, Frances and Edmund David.

FRANK SANFORD pursued his studies in the schools of Avon and Unionville, and when his ed- ucation was completed turned his attention to farm . ing and lumbering, being first engaged in business with his father and uncle, Sherman Sanford, of Unionville. In 1884 he was engaged in business as a dealer in lumber, hardware and building ma- terial in Unionville, becoming a member of the firm of Sherman & Frank Sanford. At the end of a year his uncle retired from business, and our subject formed a partnership with C. R. Hawley, under the firm name of Sanford & Hawley; they have since successfully carried on operations, and have enlarged the business, carrying a large line of agricultural implements, fertilizers, etc. From the beginning their trade has steadily increased, and their patronage now comes from a territory many miles in extent.

In Unionville Frank Sanford was united in marriage with Miss Marion Hawley, a daughter of Robert Hawley, of Avon, who was killed in the battle of Antietam during the Civil war. Three children have been born of this union, namely :

1268

COMMEMORATIVE BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.

Marian Conklin, Truman Frank and Robert Haw- ley. Socially Mr. Sanford is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and religiousty is a member of the Congregational Church and Society in Unionville.

MUZZY FAMILY .- ADRIAN JAMES MUZZY, born in Bristol, Conn., Jan. 24, 1851, lias long been prominent in his town and State. He was founder, in 1876, of the dry-goods firm of A. J. Muzzy & Co., the largest house of its kind in the locality; was chief promoter and charter member of the Bristol & Plainville framway Co., of which he is a director and its secretary ; and is president of the Masonic Building Co. He is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity and Royal Arcanum; clerk of Trinity Parish for over twenty years, of which church and society he is an active member; has served as director of the Y. M. C. A., and as superintendent of the West Cemetery Association; member of Farmington Country Club, and New Britain Club; director in New Britain Hospital, Bristol Press Publishing Co., and Board of Trade; Son of the American Revolu- tion ; member of the State Legislature, 1891-97 ; and Republican State Senator from the Fourth District in 1899, serving as chairman of the committee On Appropriations, and on Executive Nominations. Mr. Muzzy is interested and active in all measures for public welfare or private good. His ancestry, as far as traced, is as follows :

MUZZY (also spelled Muzzey). (I) Robert Muzzey, freeman at Ipswich, Mass., in 1634, had wife Bridget; came probably in the "Mary and John" with two brothers, John and Abraham. Chil- dren : Joeph, b. 1628, m. Esther Jackman ; Robert2; Benjamin1; Mary m. John Seuter; and Ellen.

(II) Benjamin1, third son of Robert, b. 1630, at Malden, Mass., moved to Cambridge Farms (now Lexington), Mass., and became ancestor of all of that name in Lexington. He m. Alice Dexter [see]. His name appears on the "Records of the Early Proprietors of Boston," in various large land trans- actions in and around Boston -- 1673 to 1687, inclu- sive. Children: Benjamin2, b. 1657: Joseph, b. 1658-9; Richard; Sarah, m. John Waite.

(III) Benjamin2, eldest son of Benjamin1, b. April 16, 1657, d. May, 1732; m. Sarah Langhorne [see]. The signature of Benjamin Muzzy2, together with that of John Hancock, appears as witness to a will, now in Lexington Museum. He was one of the largest tax-payers in Lexington, a subscriber toward the erection of the first meeting-house, and on committee to purchase land for the support of the ministry. He was constable, 1694; assessor, 1700; tything-man, 1716. In 1711 the town bought land from him for a public common, he himself contrib- uting liberally toward its purchase. [Histories of Lexington, Spencer and Cambridge; Savage, Hud -. son, Draper, etc.] It was this same common upon which the battle of Lexington was afterward fought, April 19, 1775. He was the g. g. f. of Isaac Muzzy

( unmarried), who was one of the eight men killed at this first battle of the American Revolution, and whose name appears on the Lexington monument. Three other descendants of Benjamin were also in the engagement: John, who was one of fourteen men who faced the British while the others rallied, Amos, whose house was ransacked by the British ; and Thaddeus. Children of Benjamin" and Sarah : Mary, b. 1083 at Cambridge; John1, b. 1685-86; Benjamin3, b. 1689, m. Patience -; Richard, drowned 1719; Amos, b. 1099; Bethiah, b. 1701, m. - Fiske ; and Thomas.

(IV) John1, b. 1085-86, was m. three times. His first wife, Elizabeth ( Bradshaw), was the mother of John- (below). John' was the first "inn-holder" at Lexington.

( \) John2 ( deacon ), b. May 12, 1714, at Lex- ington, moved to Spencer, Mass., 1738-39; m. Ab- igail Reed (dau. ot Benjamin Reed. She was b. March 30, 1720, at Lexington, d. February, 1756). Hiad fifteen children, all of whom lived to maturity, of whom Johns was probably the eldest. Deacon John 111. a second time, but had no children by that tinio1.

(VI) John3, b. Dec. 9, 1737, 11. Mary Ball [see]. Was taken to Spencer, Mass., when two years old, by his father, Deacon John. During the American Revolution he, with his father, served on the Com- mittee on Correspondence. Among his children was Isaac1.

(VII) Isaac1, b. at Spencer, Mass., 1775, 11. (first ) Aug. 6, 1797, Sally Ball (dau. of Daniel Ball, who was b. at Framingham, Mass., Dec. 29, 1722, moved to Brookfield 1752, and, later to Spen- cer; he m. Elizabeth Prouty). Children, b. to Isaac1 and Sally (Ball) Muzzy: Rebecca, Betsy Horace (?) and Isaac". By his second marriage ( with Sally May ) Isaac1 had no children.

(VIII) Isaac", first of the family in Connecticut, b. at Spencer, Mass., July 25, 1803, d. in Connecti- cut Feb. 5, 1865 ; m. May 23, 1823, Hannah Minerva Mix [sce]. Children : (1) Henry Isaac, b. 1824 [sec below]. (2) Chloe Jane, b. 1825 (m. Hiram Spel- man. Child, Adelbert m. Gertrude Pilgrim; four children-Frank, Minnie Leslie and-). (3) Han- nah Minerva, b. 1828 (m. Josiah Pierce ; three chil- dren : (a) Dwight m. Fannie Lloyd, and had three children, May Louise, Franc Elsie, and Willian Lloyd. (b) Frank died unmarried. (c) William m. Edna Scofield, and had two children, Henry Frank- lin and William Ernest. (d) Harry m. Minnie Den - ny, and had two children, Charles Frank and Will- iam Burr). (4) Franklin, b. 1832, d. 1855, unmar- ried. (5) Lyman, b. 1836, d. 1861, unmarried. (6) William Wallace, b. 1846 (m. Anna Lee, 1872 ; child, Edward Winfield, who served in the Spanish war).

(IX) Henry Isaac, b. March 19, '1824, at Bris- tol, Conn., m. Mary Elizabeth Beach May 18, 1843 [see]. Children : (1) Clarence Henry (served in the Civil war), b. 1845 (m. Ellen E. Wilcox, and had two children, (a) Leila, who m. William Coe, and

a. & Muggy

1269

COMMEMORATIVE BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.

has one child, Hazel; (b) Robert). (2) George Franklin, b. 1847 (served in navy during the Civil war), d. 1865, unmarried. (3) Charles Edwin, b. 1849 (m. Frances Emma Strickland). (4) Adrian James [see sketch]. (5) Frederick, b. 1853, d. 1874, un- married. (6) Alice Elizabeth, b. 1855 (m. Frank Winston ; children, (a) Ella, (b) Ernest). (7) Ella Jane, b. 1856 (m. Lewie Strong; child, Roy). (8) Frank Lyman, b. 1858, m. (first) Emily Wilcox ; one child died ; m. (second) Augusta Funck ; child, Dor- othy). Member of the firm of A. J. Muzzy & Co. (9) Mary Minerva, 1861-1863. (10) Mary Eliza- beth, 1864-1873. (II) Arthur George, b. 1866 (m. Martha Ellen Thomas ; one child, Ruth). (12) Har- riet Beach, b. 1868.

(X) Adrian James (our subject), b. Jan. 24, 1851, m. May 22, 1873, Florence Emlyn Downes [see]. Children : (1) Leslie Adrian, b. Nov. 25, 1876, d. July 18, 1880. (2) Floyd Downes, b. Nov. 14, 1878, d. Jan. 14, 1881. (3) Adrienne Florence.

(XI) Adrienne Florence Muzzy, born April 19, 1885, member of class of 1901, Bristol High School. She is the only living representative of the eleventh generation in this line ..

DEXTER. (I) Richard Dexter, townsman, Bos- ton, 1642; Charlestown, 1644; had wife Bridget ; children : John, b. about 1640; Sarah, 1644; Elizabeth ; Alice ; and, perhaps two others. (II) Alice Dexter, b. at Malden, m. Benjamin1 Muzzey, who was ancestor of all of that name in Lexington, Mass. Children [see Muzzy]. (III) Benjamin2 Muzzy m. Sarah Langhorne [see]. (IV) Jolin1 Muzzy m. Eli- zabeth Bradshaw. (V) John2 Muzzy m. Abigail Reed. (VI) John3 Muzzy m. Mary Ball [see]. ( VII) Isaac1 Muzzy m. Sally Ball. (VIII) Isaac2 Muzzy m. Hannah Minerva Mix [see]. (IX) Henry Isaac Muzzy m. Mary Elizabeth Beach [see]. (X) Adrian James Muzzy m. Florence E. Downes [sce]. (XI) Adrienne Florence Muzzy, b. 1885.

Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.

Commemorative biographical record of Hartford County, Connecticut : containing biographical sketches of prominent and representative citizens, and of many of the early settled families, Pt 2, Part 110

Author: J.H. Beers & Co Publication date: 1901 Publisher: Chicago : J.H. Beers & Co. Number of Pages: 1172

Author: J.H. Beers & Co
Publication date: 1901
Publisher: Chicago : J.H. Beers & Co.
Number of Pages: 1172