Old Guilford including the land now constituting the towns of Guilford and Madison, Part 2

Author: Hubbard, Charles D. (Charles Daniel), 1876-1951
Publication date: 1939
Publisher: [Guilford, Conn.], [Tercentenary committee of Guilford]
Number of Pages: 200


USA > Connecticut > New Haven County > Guilford > Old Guilford including the land now constituting the towns of Guilford and Madison > Part 2
USA > Connecticut > New Haven County > Madison > Old Guilford including the land now constituting the towns of Guilford and Madison > Part 2


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


Part 1 | Part 2


Black Rock


Numbers up to 51 correspond to page numbers in this book ..


Beaver Dam 61 Mill, Loper


31


Blacksmith Shop, Leete's


26 Mill, Nortontown


20


Broad Hill Rd. 62 Mill, Town


17


Pond


Caldwell Lane


63 Moses Brook


73


Cemetery, Bluff


48 Murray Homestead


21


Christ Church


11 Nineveh Bridge


23


Church, Madison


34 Nineveh Falls


25


Hill Rd.


Church, North


28 Norton House


38


Church, N.Guilford


42 Norton, Nelson


40


Quannipaug


Dea. Collins House


15 North Madison


Mt.


World's End Swamp Dudley House, Caleb 36 N.Guilford Academy


East Hill Rd.


64 Old Plain Gate


75


East Ledge Hill


65 Pest House


76


Beaverthead Swamp


Hoop


S.Cost


Lot


31


Fitch Hill Rd


66 Robinson House


78


79


Road


Still Water Bridge


Town Hill


Summer Hill


Genesee


51 Skunk Hollow


79


H2 89


6.4


Great Pond


MADISON


68 Skunk Hollow Rd. Griswold House 8 Sluice


6


Iron


Cedar


25


Hinckley Lane 69 Sluice Creek


7


Wintergreen Ledgg


Horse Island


70 Spencer House


44


Dudleyville


Maple Hitl


Walnut Hill


Hotchkiss House 33 Spencer Barn


45


N


Lee Academy


9 Spinning Mill Lane


81


'Mt-


Ivy Swamp Griffin's Flats


Branch Bk. Hat


Maple Hill Ad


->


Little Porid


72 Tavern, Stone's


12


MSP


Stream.


-


Bower's Rock


Neck River


oes.


Henry Mit


Loper House


30 Tavern


13


ron Ötter Hole


Meeting-house Hill 43 W. Ledge Hill Rd.


83


Hawthorn Hill


Brood Hill


West River


14


or Long Hill


-


-


Brian Shed Rdl


Brook


.


Podunk


Cort Meida-


Ledge Hill Rd.


88 89


Brook


Moose Hill


Beaver


Stage Road


Flag Marsh


Nigger Lane


92


Wolf


Tanners


Holes


Marsh


90


Hundeguzik


Hit


Spencer's Creek


95 96


ims


Rocks


Nausuo BK. Prospe.


Goose Lane


Clapboard


Parents


Quarters


Jowner's Swamp


Dunk Rock Rd. (West


id.


94


A


44


12


creet


The


Copse R


78


18


SuET


Neck River


Three Corner


The Plains


14


5


Girdle Hill


Caffinges


Island


The Point


Hogshead Point


Lecte's Island


Hoadley Neck


Island Bay & Sok works


Joshua Pr.


Great


orki


O


1


2


3


4


Great Harbor


Uncas Pt. Ox Pasture


Pipboy


LEGEND


Pistapaug Pond


Old Town Line


Farm Rd.


-


Hemlock


-


Brook


-Town Line ---


8 Forty Acre Pond


Dead Hill Rd.


White Hollow


Cook's Lane, To Durham !!


Middletown Turnpike


Crooked Hill


Bangs Rd.


Rockland


0


Great


OLane's Pond


Broom stick


Suckers, Ledges


county


Nathan's Pond


Pole Rd


W. Gort


Goat Lot Road


51


East River


22 Poverty Rd.


77 18 46


West VuCeLA


Jones


Fosdick Island 67 Salten Bank


87


Green


or Bunney Ro


Dowd Hollow


Foote Place


37 Sheep Pound Hill


66


Rd


1


Genesee Country


Foster Hote


Field House, D.D. 32 River Street-


Beaver Hold


Rd. Saw Mill MM


West & East Sugar Loaf


GUILFORD-


Hoop Pole And.


Hart Rd.


Works


Cranberry Hill


24


23


County Rd.


Hoy Pound Rd Little Meadow Rd.


Haycock HALL


Il nd.


Little Harbor


Stone House, Old


F


Selby's


68


Johnny's Gut


Twin Bridge Rd.


or Fumace Rd.


Broadway


Washington


Lot Benton House 16 Tuxis Pond


82


West Pond


West River


Turkey


Johnny's Bridge


Dunham's Sugn


Potash


Round


Whip-Por-Will Rd. Witch's Bridge Wolf Pit


86


H.U.


Great Lodg's


Bear Houk No


Podunk Rd.


Lane


Old New Haven to


District


Saybrook road, parts


90


Birchin


Witch Hazel


UN NEN Footes


... 90


Portage Rd


Bridge


Petticoat Lane


91 .


6. Swamp


.90


76


Howlett Bridge


Mungertown


Lane


Wild Cat Rd


Horse Pond


Little Meadow


Hill


Dudleytown


Duck Holes


Dunk Rock Hill


Lanet


Barker Lot Hill


WEST WOODS


ginos


9


East


Saw Pits


The Neck


Hammonasset


slough


Neck Rd.


Smith's


Tiland


BAD


Oll Works


TUNi


Island


or Jumping-off-place


Cristiano


MI


liberty


APPROXIMATE SCALE OF MILES


LONG ISLAND SOUND


-


Quannigaud


Quannipaug Fond


Hubbard's Master - Hill


/84


Drowned Swamp 18


Crooked Hill Rd.


M.


-


Bluff Head


Totoket Mountain


County Rd.


Road/


24 74


Hill


BeaverHead Brook


County Rd


SI


Place Rd.


Deer Run


ORTH


Pine Ledges


Little Meadow BAS


· Step Stone


Fence Rock


Bear House


St John's Church


or West Lane


Suo7


Rock Rimmon


Saw Mill Rd.


Saw Mill


Moore Hill


Panther


~Pinning Mill 84


Mill Pond


36


Nortontown Rd.


10


Ivy Island


Oil Mill


zale Brod


Duck


21 Nortontown


Flandes


Jones's Bridge Barnes Brook 93 94


Green


., 86


Warpus Rd.


Wood's


Stony Hill


Squaw


Hal


Hungry Hill


Nut Plaine St.


Drowned


Swamp


West Pond Rd.


Hill Rd.


New England Rd


O Rattlesnake BK


Pound


Peddlers Rd. Marsh Rd .~


Crooked Lane


Buttonwoo


Green Hill Rd.


Ram Pasture


Towner's Swamp Rd


Opening Hill


Factory Rd H


84


85


Hoop Phe


Bradley Corner Rd


St. High


King's Highway


Sometimes called Old Durham Rd.


Fond Rd.


Race Hi NORTH


Swamp


Nineveh


Sap works


15/


Present Town Line, Approximate


Coginchaug R.


Ores


Rall Road


32


80


East & West Turnpike


ΓΕΙΑΕ ΙΟ ΠΛΥΔΙΗΟΙΤΡΙΣ


Guilford


Town


1


1639


For Hubbard House- 1717- seepage-14.


Guilford


COMPILED AND PUBLISHED by THE BOARD OF TRADE of GUILFORD, CONNECTICUT 1930


(Copyrighted)


270 STATE STREET. SIMPLE, TYPICAL.


Guilford


GUILFORD, founded in 1639, the fourth settlement in Connecticut, is an interesting town. The population of the town-ship was as large in 1774 as it is today, except that it was more evenly distributed. Now- adays, it gravitates towards the shore.


The old town, built about a truly wonderful Green, has in time past never deplored its relative isolation and even now loves its quiet- ness. It has a better surviving collection of colonial houses than any other spot in the state. Some of these have been restored, but most are as they were from the beginning. Some are marked, for instance, "IN THIS HOUSE DIED FITZ-GREENE HALLECK, AMERICAN POET" etc. This is the sort of thing that makes the town interesting.


Guilford is located in the middle of that bit of territory of Connec- ticut whose streams and sound shore are clean. The shell fish are over- fished indeed, but they are still quite easily obtainable, and what is obtained is above suspicion.


The town and its beaches are equipped with telephone, city water and electric lights. Sewage is cared for by the cesspool and septic tank method. This is perfectly safe, so far, as the soil is sand and a natural filter.


The beaches, which are beautiful, clean and well kept, have limited hotel and not so limited rented cottage accommodation. Our summer population mostly occupies its own homes. Speaking by and large therefore, the beaches are quiet, restful spots. There is not a merry-go- round or peanut stand in the place. We have a full complement of schools, churches, library, stores, banks, theatre and effective fire de- partment, enough to supply all the conveniences and no small number of the luxuries of every-day life.


[3]


The Founding Fathers


GUILFORD was begun by a party of Englishmen who were disgusted with the posture of affairs both in Church and State, in their homeland. They came here with the intention of founding something very different. Having, as a preliminary measure of prudence, signed a stay-together, work-together "covenant" they acquired, for valuable considerations, thousands of acres of land from a few Indians ready to die. In the clear spaces and the woods immediately adjacent, they established themselves. Here were located the "home lots", so called. The farms came later. There were twenty-five covenanters, some with families, and dependents. Their city, like the New Jerusalem of Holy Writ, was to be built four- square about a four-square center-the Green. Their Church Congre- gation was to be built, and was, on "Seven pillars", because "Wisdom hath builded her house, she hath hewn out her seven pillars" (Prov. 9:1). Their court was to administer, and did, according to "the judicial laws of God, as they were delivered by Moses, until they be branched out into particulars hereafter."


[4]


FIRST CHURCH


The "seven pillars" of Guilford made over to the Church all the un- appropriated lands bought from the Indians. The Church distributed and later re-distributed these lands as settlers came in, to Church mem- bers (freemen) and those accounted eligible for Church membership (planters). Who were eligible? The court, which based its decisions on the judicial laws of God, as they were delivered by Moses, could tell --- and did.


[5]


CHRIST CHURCH


None but Church members could have a part in town meeting, elect officers, disburse funds. All, planters as well as freemen, were taxed.


All this was very different from what they had left behind. It became the germ of law and custom. It was hammered into experience and fact quite definitely until 1818, when the Church, from which all else depended, was disestablished in Connecticut.


From 1639 to 1818, the system, which was in effect the Founding Fathers' Declaration of Independence of England, had fashioned a people with characteristics quite their own. Guilford is a fair flower of the system.


[6]


The Old Houses


SPEAKING generally, they stand on the old through roads and on the way to navigable water. The houses referred to below are chosen either because they are characteristic, or because there are more or less interesting stories extant about them.


Four of what may be called the first generation houses survive.


.


THE OLD STONE HOUSE


1. The Stone House. Built for Henry Whitfield, Church of Eng- land clergyman, Puritan, and leader of the group from England that founded Guilford. Owned by the State of Connecticut since 1900. Open to the public as the Henry Whitfield State Historical Museum. Stuffed with antiques, curios, and Guilfordana.


[7]


THE HYLAND HOUSE


DOROTHY WHITFIELD . ** , HHIST SOCIETY ICI


1440 1710


SINDATY KIKKALY


THE HYLAND HOUSE


2. The Hyland House. Built about 1660. Restored and furnished authentically, so as to show the simplicities of living of the founding fathers. Open to the public for a small fee during the summer. Owned by The Dorothy Whitfield Historical Society.


(NOTE .- Except the Old Stone and the Hyland Houses, all are privately owned. The Stone House is open free all the year; the Hyland House in the moment oryant for a small fee.)


[8]


COMFORT STARR HOUSE, 138 STATE STREET


3. The Comfort Starr House. Came into Comfort Starr's posses- sion in 1694. Before that it was Henry Kingsnorth's house. Kingsnorth was one of the original twenty-five signers of the covenant. The house is the only surviving wooden house of the signers.


[9]


ACADIAN HOUSE


4. The Acadian House. So called because tradition has it that exiles from Acadia were sheltered in it for a time. The house was built about 1670.


[10]


CAPT. LEE HOUSE, 1 NORTH STREET


The street leading out of the north-eaast corner of the Green is State Street-the original road leading north into the country. Passing several fine old colonial houses one comes to the Capt. Lee House, built in 1763. Home of Samuel Lee, captain of the Coast Guards of the Revolution. Was often raided during his absence by Tories in search of contraband articles seized by the Coast Guard. They were always outwitted by his wife, Agnes Dickinson Lee. It was she who fired the cannon in the yard to alarm the countryside when the British landed at Leete's Island in 1781.


[11]


GOV. LEETE HOUSE, 6 BROAD STREET (1749)


22 BROAD STREET (1749)


[12]


These houses are located on the "home lot" of Governor Wm. Leete. They took the place of the original house and the stone house in whose cellar, still preserved under the present garage of No. 6, and facing the river, the expatriated and hunted Judges of Charles I, Goffe and Whalley, were concealed and fed by Mr. Leete, an ardent Independent and Crom- wellian.


Mr. Leete was born in 1611, a university graduate and lawyer when he came to Guilford with the other covenanters in 1639. He was secre- tary and wheel horse of the seven pillars, on which the Guilford Church was founded; member of the Court that determined the fitness of planters and disciplined the unruly; distinctly instrumental in drawing together the sovereign, independent settlements of Guilford and New Haven; gov- ernor of these united under the name of New Haven; equally instrument- al in drawing together all the other independent, sovereign settlements of the State; and then governor of the State, in which office he died in 1683. He adorned and honored every office he held. He remains Guilford's greatest political character.


76 BROAD STREET (1774)


[13]


On the "home lot" of Andrew Leete, son of the governor. Here lived Jared Leete, grandson of Andrew. Jared was a "poet." Also, he drank thoroughly. Out Moose Hill way a-hunting one day he discovered a great thirst. At a nearby farmhouse he asked for a drink of cider. The farm wife, who knew him, refused. Then said she would, provided he would compose an epitaph for her. Jared began-


"Margaret, who died of late "Ascended up to heaven's gate."


That sounded good, and she brought the cider. Jared finished the cider-and the epitaph,-


"But Gabriel met her with a club "And drove her down to Beelzebub."


Later, a conservator was chosen for him. Jared's thirst again fit him up, and he chirped-


"There was an old miser lived over the hill, "And all the poor people be strove for to kill, "He hated his God, and all that was good


" And wouldn't let poor old Jared Leete sell his own wood."


It is but fair to remark that mighty few such stinging human insects survive in old Guilford today.


HUBBARD HOUSE, 53 BROAD STREET (1717) [14] For description- over->


John Hubbard and his spinster sister Mary, owned this together - They did not " get on " so divided it in two, inside, and lived their later years, apart.


4


١٢


Still, as always, in the Hubbard family, the largest colonial house in town. Here was born, in 1739, Rev. Bela Hubbard D. D. Church of England clergyman, loyalist, so politic as to be allowed to minister in New Haven throughout the Revolutionary War, and so faithful as to stick to his post and minister when New Haven was sorely afflicted with yellow fever.


From this house, as from a well-spring, have gone Hubbards to all parts of the country.


Here, in 1889, was given a reception to all and every on the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the founding of Guilford.


58 FAIR STREET (About 1725)


The Nathaniel Johnson house. Nathaniel Johnson was a younger brother of Samuel Johnson, who often visited him here. Samuel Johnson became the first president of King's College, now Columbia University. He was born and raised here, taught school here after graduation from Yale, preached his first sermon here. He virtually founded and certainly nursed the Church of England congregation here, and is accounted the first American idealist philosopher.


[ 15]


55 PARK STREET


A house that General Lafayette, when he stopped on the opposite corner of the Green for liquid and other refreshment, opined was a nice house.


Here lived for many years, Ralph Dunning Smyth, lawyer, Probate Judge, Representative, and, best of all, Historian of Guilford. To Mr. Smyth must be given credit for long continued, painstaking search and accurate tabulation of Guilford records and genealogies. He died in 1874. From then living elders, he gathered recollections of a Guilford past which else had been now completely lost. It was he who gave some idea of the body of fact and folklore that has accumulated about the old town.


[16]


23 PARK STREET (1735)


Close by lived the man who wanted to be buried head-up in the Green, so he could glare at his neighbor, whom he hated, who lived in this house. His wish was not respected. They buried his body in the Green, deep as anyone else's. His little soul, for intensive training doubtless, went to - Heaven, to one of the many mansions there.


It may be added that most of the Founding Fathers, together with their children to the fourth and fifth generation, lie buried in the Green.


[17]


15 WATER STREET


The. Ebenezer Bartlett house. Ebenezer helped build the first town dock at Jones' Bridge in 1744. He was also a deacon of the Church, and died in 1775. About that time Ebenezer II built this house.


Here died Fitz-Greene Halleck, America's best known poet from 1825 to 1850. He was born and raised in Guilford, a handsome lad, early the master of a graceful line, that made the girls clamorous for a couplet in their autograph books, and even brought from them offers of marriage, though he never married. He left Guilford at 21 years of age to seek his fortune in New York City. It was there his genius shone, and there he achieved his poetic and social triumphs. His greatest poem, Byronic in mood, "Marco Bozzaris", was dearly loved by all graduating school boys for half a century. He spent his declining years here with his de- voted sister Maria.


[18]


CALDWELL HOUSE, 157 BOSTON STREET


Here lived, for very many years, Miss Clarissa Caldwell, dying in 1876, at the age of 99 years, 9 months and 9 days. Miss Caldwell was a milliner, and a teacher of milliners. Examples of the styles of braid from native grasses that she taught her pupils are still in existence. "Behold her, tall and well-formed, of benignant feature and expression, bright and able", writes a contemporary. As much addicted to "tea" as ever were the ladies of Mrs. Gaskell's "Cranford". Among her intimates she num- bered Bishop John Williams and his mother, Dr. Thomas Pynchon, pro- fessor and president of Trinity College, Dr. Thos. Gallaudet, nationally known deaf-mute teacher. And she had a host of friends.


.


[19]


161 BOSTON STREET


Next door, just east, on the bank above the road, is the Ezra Gris- wold house, where lived a very model of faithfulness who was parish clerk for 44 years; and later, during the summers, his son, a leading citizen of Bridgeport and its some time Mayor.


Colonel Samuel Hill was born, lived, and died in Guilford. He served through eighteen sessions of the State Legislature, of which he was twice Speaker. At his death in 1752, at the age of 75, he was not only repre- sentative, but Town Clerk, Clerk of the Proprietors, and Probate Judge. He had held about all these offices from young manhood. The moder- ator of the Town Meeting got the habit of announcing, "we are here to elect Colonel Sam. Hill and some one to go with him to the next general Court" (Assembly). He united a remarkably fine character with ex- ceptional powers as a campaigner. To "run like Sam. Hill" is a proverb that has gone far beyond Guilford. He built a legend that enabled his son and grandson to hold office for the period of their lives.


No house of Colonel Sam. Hill survives, but only his last will and testament in the Probate Judge's office, and the memory of his career.


[20]


01


Guilford is more than a borough and a shore-line. It is a township of above 30,000 acres, running back from the shore about ten miles and having a width of about five. The earth-floor rises as one goes back from the shore. This floor is covered with spurs, like giant claws. The highest and boldest of these is Bluff Head, 765 feet above sea- level, a guide to mariners on the Sound in the days when there really was water borne trade on it. Beneath Bluff Head and for a couple of miles along the Durham and Hartford turnpike is Lake Quonapaug, a


LAKE QUONAPAUG


lovely sheet of clean water on which cottages are springing up apace. South of Quonapaug, and to the west, is West Pond, another sheet of clean water in the woods. Here also cottages are springing up. South-east of West Pond is what a few years ago was Johnny's Pond, where the pickerel and the pond lilies were comparatively undisturbed. Now the pond level has been raised, there is a club house and bungalows, and it is.


[21]


Guilford Lakes-and deserves the name. The way to it out of Guilford is through Nut Plains, an ancient district in which are located some characteristic colonial houses.


HALL HOUSE, NUT PLAINS


[22]


-


The Beaches


THESE reach from Guilford, like the fingers of one's hand. Guilford Point, to which the stages ran from Hartford for good fare and famous cocktails. The host, however, never mixed a cocktail on Sunday.


MULBERRY


MULBERRY-So called because mulberry trees were planted there long ago, and silk-worm culture engaged in.


[23]


-


INDIAN COVE-Across the inlet from Mulberry, and of a piece with it in terms of beauty.


.


SACHEM'S HEAD


SACHEM'S HEAD-Where, also very long ago, the white man's fear of the Indian in these parts was almost finally quieted.


[24]


.. 4


LEETE'S ISLAND


LEETE'S ISLAND-Scene of Guilford's most serious engagement with the British during the Revolutionary War, as the tomb stone of Simeon Leete, patriot, beside the road there, does testify. There is ab- solutely nothing more warlike now than the splashing of sparkling water on granite rocks.


[25]


THE CHART AT THE BACK INDICATES THE ROUTE YOU MAY TAKE TO FIND THE HOUSES BEFORE DESCRIBED.


Jo Jake Quonnipaug


NEW HAVEN NEW YORK


„58 f.


ChurchSt.


State St.


Acodian House


NEW LONDON BOSTON


River ft.


52 @3 53 Broad ft.


GREEN


Park St.


Hyland


'House


151


94


The


Water St.


Whitfield St.


House


Sluice Bafin


1


Mulberry Point & Pipe Bay


GUILFORD HARBOR


A.I.Ripley Del.


I


I


I


138 5


CE


Federal Highway


MIDDLETOWN HART FORD


To Nut Plains & Guilford Lakes


Map of a portion of GUILFORD in Connecticut


Old Bolton Poft Road


0


Faire


22


55


Jo Leete's Ffland & Sachem's Head


New Haven Railroad


3157 1





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