USA > Connecticut > Fairfield County > Fairfield > The history of Fairfield, Fairfield County, Connecticut, from the settlement of the town in 1639 to 1818. Vol. I > Part 49
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JACKSON
HENRY JACKSON was probably the man who came in the ship Elizabeth & Ann in 1635, aged 29, having taken the oath of allegiance & supremacy to the crown, & brought a certificate from the minister & Justice the Peace, in the place he resided in England, (not mentioned) of his conformity to the Church of England, & that he was no subsidy man. (Hotten's List of Emi- grants to America.) In the same ship came Robert Hawkins, Nicholas St. John, & several of the Whitney family. He was at Watertown in 1637, & was, says Savage, "one of the lessees of the fishing grounds of that place." He was at F. in 1648, where Feb. 2, 16489, he made an agree- ment with the town to erect a grist-mill on the stream, running, into the west side of the Uncoway River, which he sold in 1653, to Samuel Morehouse. His home-lot was bounded n. w. with Nathan
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Gold's pasture-lot, n.e. the Uncoway mill-creek at high water-mark, s.e. highway, & s.w. with his own land. He removed after selling the mill, to Pequonnock & purchased, the house & home-lot of Thomas Wheeler jr. He was made a freeman 10. Oct. 1669 & was one of the dividend land holders of the town. His will is dated II. Nov 1682, in which he provides for a wife (Christian name not mentioned); to s. Moses housing & Ludlow's lot, except one acre at Pequonnock, land in Uncoway Indian Fields ; { of his pasture-lot, building-lot & long-lot ; to the children of his deceased d. Hannah, who had m. Philip Galpin, 5£. each when of age ; to s. Samuell land previously deeded him, several parcels of land & { of his pasture-lot, building-lot & long-lot ; to grand-son Moses Jackson 4 acres at Try's Field, bounded n. w. with highway that goes through the field; s.w. John Roots, s.e. the Indian Field, n.e. land that was Richard Fowles, also his Compo allotment ; to s. John } of his pasture-lot, building-lot & long lot ; to his grand-son Samuel Jackson, his loom & "all things thereto belonging ; & to his wife his best feather-bed & bedstead, curtains & val- ance, & all the furniture thereto belonging ; the bigest kettle and his house in town, & the least kettle, the middle iron-pot, the bell-metal skillet, the red cow & her calf, also the third part of his pewter dishes, spoons, & beer-vessels in his house at Pequonnock, the great chest & her own chests, the use of housing & lands at town, with its table, stools & chairs, with any other of the house-hold estate, except the axe, that is commonly called Dina's axe,", 3 of table linen, & if left alone, the old, negro woman to care for her ; & 6{. per annum from sons Moses & Samuel; to s. Joseph's five children, under the guardianship of s. Samuel 5£, each of them to receive 205 when of age ; to Major Nathan Gold & Josiah Harvey, as over-seers of his estate 20£. Upon the death of his wife the house at F. & all things belonging to it, were to be divided between his s. Joseph's five children, allowing the eldest son a double portion. He requests that the share of his s. Joseph's widow in her father-in-law George Goodwin's estate, be paid over to the estate of Joseph's children. He entailed all his estate to his surviving male heirs, in case of the death of any one of his sons.
SAMUEL I. s. of Henry Jackson I. m. - d. of - - Their children were Samuel b. - ; Nathaniel 6. March 167 -; Hannah 17. March 167 -- , (the last figures are obliterated with age of book A. F. T. D.)
Moses I. s. of Henry Jackson I. m. Deborah d. of John Hide I., 24. Oct. 1672. Their children were Rebecca b. 10. May 1674 ; Deborah 8. Feb. 1678. F. T. Rec.
Joseph s. of Henry Jackson I. m. first -- d. of Lieut. Nathaniel Seeley, & second, a d. of George Goodwin I. of F., by whom he had five children & d. young, leaving s. Joseph & two minor children, Abigail & Eleanor .- He may have left older children.
John s. of Henry Jackson I. entered into a contract with the town of F. to build a corn & fulling mill 6. Jan. 1686, over the Uncoway River, at the present time known as Moody's Mill, near Mountain Grove Cemetery at Bridgeport. He was granted 8 acres of land on the north side of the mill, & two acres on the east side of the river & highway.
EPHRAIM JACKSON (b. Oct. 1704) & Martha Couch were m. Nov. 1727, & had son Joseph b. Nov. 1728. He m. second wife Martha Blackman June 1730, sd. Martha was b. Oct. 1708. Their children were Martha b. 8 Sept. 1731 ; Daniel 16 May 1733 ; David 28. Oct. 1736, Ephraim IO Sept. 174I.
MARY JACKSON of Newark, presented a letter to the first Congregational Church of Pequonnock. which was accepted 20. Dec. 1697.
JENNINGS
JOSHUA JENNING'S name appears at Hartford in 1648. A great deal has been said in a blind way about his misconduct at Hartford, by writers who might far better have told precisely what he did to incur the displeasure of the Court, which was as follows : At a Particular Court held at Hartford 6. Sept. 1649, "Joshua Jennings for not watching one night, & other ill carriage to the Constable, is to pay to the watchman in his room, & is fined 25. 6d." On the 3. of Nov.
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1650 he again fell under the displeasure of the Court. It appears that he fled on board a ship lying in the Connecticut river from the fine imposed upon him, for which the Court fined Greenfell Lerreby 5%. & Stephen Daniels 40s., for conveying him from the power of authority. They were also ordered to deliver him up to authority, if he came on board their ship again. He settled at F. before 1656, where he always maintained an excellent reputation. He lived at Barlows Plain, & died leaving a good estate. He m. at Hartford 22 Dec. 1647 Mary Williams. He died in 1675. The date of his will is the 25. of Feb. 167415 of the same year. He left wife Mary, to whom he gave a large part of his estate ; son Joshua, to whom he left his carpenter, joiners, wheel-right & farmers tools ; & divided the remainder of his estate between his sons & daughters, namely, Joshua, Joseph, Michael, John, Samuel, Matthew & Isaac ; & daughters Mary & Elizabeth. His widow Mary m. George Slawson of Stamford 16 Dec. 1680.
JOSHUA 2. s. of Joshua Jennings I. was not bapt. until I. June 1712. He m. - d. of Samuel Lyon. Their children were Mary, who m. Daniel Burr, Hannah m. Peter Sturgis, Abigail who m. Simon Couch & Moses bapt. 26 Dec 1714, & probably other children. The family of Joshua Jennings settled at Greens Farms.
JOSEPH s. of Joshua Jennings I. m. Abigail d. of Robert Turney. Their children were Eben- ezer & Abigail bapt. 28. Oct 1694. His second w. was Sarah d. of Thomas Bulkley. Sarah bapt. 22. Aug. 1697 ; Joseph 14. May 1698 ; Martha II. Aug 1700 ; Anne 12. March 17034 ; Gershom 12. March 17091º.
SAMUEL s. of Joshua Jennings I. m. Sarah d. of Michael Grumman. Their children were Michael bapt. 9, Sept. 1694 ; Elizabeth 7, March 16961 ; Patience 25, Sept 1698 ; Sarah II, Feb. 16991700 who m. Daniel Lyon ; Samuel 22, March 17012; Eunice 21, Jan 17045; Dorothy 14, Sept. 1707 ; Dorothy again 13, Nov. 1709 ; Nathan 18, May 17101; Benjamin 20, Sept 1713. Will dated 1728.
MATTHEW s. of Joshua Jennings I., m. - d. of Their children were Matthew bapt. 5, Sept. 1697 ; Elizabeth 31, Oct. 1697 ; Daniel 7, April 1700; Jeremiah II, April 1703 ; Mary 19, Aug 1705 ; Ruth II, April 1708 ; Hannah 10, July 1720.
ISAAC s. of Joshua Jennings I. m. - d. of Joseph Beers. Their children were Isaac bapt. II, Oct 1702 ; Mary 19, Aug 1705, who m. - Smith ; John II, May 1707 ; Josiah 27, May 17II ; David 31, Oct 1714. His will is dated June 10, 1746, the day of his death. His tomb stone at F., makes him 73 yrs. of age.
JOHN s. of Joshua Jennings I. m. - d. of Their children were John bapt. 12, May 1717 ; Nehemiah 20, July 1718 ; Zechariah 22, Jan 172021; Sarah 16, June 1723 ; Anne I. Aug 1725 ; Hester 16 July 1727 ; Nehemiah 3. Aug 1729 ; Ephraim 26. Sept 1731 ; Hezekiah 7. Oct 1733 ; Abel 14. Dec. 1735.
Michael I. s. of Samuel Jennings I., m. Elizabeth d. of - - Their children were: Elizabeth & Hannah bapt. 20, Dec. 1719 ; Obedience 28, Aug. 1720 & perhaps others.
Jeremiah I. s. of Mathew Jennings I., m. Elizabeth d. of - Their children were: Eliza- beth bapt 22. Oct. 1727 ; Sarah 14. May 1732 ; Ruth 21. March 1735/6 ; Sarah 6. Aug. 1738 ; Jere- miah 21. Sept. 1743 ; Peter 12. June 1743.
ISAAC 2. s. of Isaac Jennings I. m. Phebe d. of Their children were : Abigail bapt. 14. Sept. 1729 ; Seth 2. Jan. 1731/2 ; Moses 19. Aug. 1733 ; Levi Nov. 1735 ; Lucretia 16. Oct. 1737 ; Jacob 9. Dec. 1739 ; Hannah 16. June 1745 ; Ellen 22. Nov. 1747. Isaac Jen- nings 2. made his will Jan. 20. 1758 giving his property to his wid. Phebe, to his grand daughter Esther, d. Lucretia, & to his five sons. He d. 6. March 1760, aged 58; & his will was proved on the 27. of March following. His grand daughter Esther was a d. of his son Seth, & was the grand- mother of Mrs. Esther Huntington & her brother Morris Lyon of F. Mrs. Huntington is known at the present day, as the leading spirit in matters of historical interest in F. ; & her honored brother, Morris Lyon, is the founder of the valualuable Fairfield Library .- Lucretia, d. of the
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above Isaac 2. was the grandmother of the late Frederick Marquand of Southport, & of his brother Henry Marquand of New York city. Frederick Marquand erected the Marquand Chapel of Yale College. He gave a fine library & building for its use at Southport, besides other liberal gifts else- where. Henry Marquand is widely known for his munificent art donations to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.
ISAAC 3 s of Isaac Jennings 2., d. Jan. 9. 1819, aged 75 yrs. His children were Elizabeth, Abigail, Phebe, Abraham Gould Jennings of Brooklyn, Anna, Isaac 4. Seth & Polly. The repre- sentatives of this last Isaac 4 Jennings at Fairfield, are Oliver Burr Jennings, & Charles Buelkley Jennings s. of the late Hon. Isaac Jennings.
The heirs of Joshua Jennings I. for many years made fruitless efforts to establish a lawful claim to the vast estate of William Jennings of Acton Place, born in 1701 & who d. 19 June 1798, leaving estates in eleven counties in England, & millions in pounds sterling in nearly all the banks of London. To establish such a claim, & to link the heirs of Joshua Jennings, who d. in 1675, with William Jennings of Acton place who d, in 1798, would be a remarkable undertaking. The property of this rich William Jennings was claimed in part, by the Baroness Howe, a daughter of the celebrated Admiral Howe, through a claim of intermarriage with the Jennings family with that of Curzens. The Earl Beuchamp (or Becham), also claimed heirship. Some clue in this way, may be given to Robert Beacham or Beuchamp of early Greens Farms. This William Jennings was the only child of Robert Jennens & Ann daughter & heir of Carew Guidott Esqr. of Hampshire, while Robert J. was the fifth son & heir of Humphrey Jennens, an iron master of Birmingham Eng. who married Mary Milward. This William Jennings was at one time a page to King William III, who was his godfather. He was also a nephew of Sarah Jennings, a maid of honor & the favorite of Queen Ann, who married the great Duke of Marl- borough.
No record of the birth Joshua Jennings or of his parentage, has ever been found in Eng- land or America.
The descendents of Joshua Jennings settled at Fairfield, Pequonnock, Green's Farms, Green- field & throughout the county of F., & are to be found in almost every state of the Union, until they have become in numbers like the sands upon the sea shore, Many distinguished men & women belong to this family, among whom was Capt. Nathan Jennings of Fairfield Woods, whose daughter Mary m. the late Commodore Reid of the United States Navy, & who was one of twenty ladies to embroider and make the first flag, with its stars & stripes, of the United States. Mrs. Reid was also the mother of Madam de Cesnola, the wife of the distinguished General de Cesnola, President of the Metropolitan Museum of Art of New York City
Francis A. White, the president of the Danbury & Boston R.R. Co. is also a descendent of this family, his mother having been Marietta d. of John Jennings 2. as follows :
JOHN 2. s. of John Jennings I. m Sarah who resided at Greenfield. Their children were Thaddeus, b. 31. Aug. 1732, Aaron b. 31. Sept. 1734, Susan b. 28. March 1741, Mary b. 5. Dec. 1743. David b. 27. June 1746, Josiah b. 15: Sept. 1748, Sarah b. 14. April 1751, Joel b. 13 July 1753 -G. H. Par Rec.
THADDEUS 2. s of Thaddeus Jennings I., b. 31. Aug. 1732, m. Lavinia Burrit of New Haven. Their children were Burrit b. 14. Jan. 1759, Appollina b. 8. March 1761, Philoman b. 27. March 1763, Sylvinus b. 5. May 1765, Thaddeus b. 21. June 1767 .- G. H. Par. Rec. -Besides the above he had ds. Susan & Polly.
PHILEMAN I. s. of Thaddeus Jennings 2., m. -- Beach, & had the following children Beach, Charles, Maritta & Ann. Marietta Jennings m. Elijah White of Franklin Del. Co. N. Y. in 1819, & had five children as follows : Maria H., Francis A., Charles J., Ann Eliza & George F. Francis A. White is a descendant of Peregrine White, who was born on the ship Mayflower in 1620.
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HISTORY OF FAIRFIELD
THE JESUP OR JESSUP FAMILY
BY PROFESSOR HENRY G. JESUP, OF DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
EDWARD JESSUP, the ancestor of the Fairfield family of this name, was an Englishman, and probably from Yorkshire. He was a citizen of Stamford in 1649. Earlier than this he may have been in Fairfield, as the town records show that in 1653 he sold land on Sasco Neck. In 656 he had removed to Middleborough (Newtown) Long Island, where he was a magistrate under the Dutch Government from 1659 to 1662. Subsequently he became one of the original patentees of West Farms, Westchester Co., N. Y. In 1663 the Connecticut colony, which claimed jurisdiction, appointed him "Commissioner " (magistrate) for the town of Westchester, and again in 1664, while in 1665 he represented the same town at a meeting of deputies convened at Hempstead, L. I., by Gov. Nicolls of N. Y. His will bears date 6 Aug., 1666, the year of his death, and is one of the earliest English wills recorded in New York city.
His wife's name was Elizabeth, presumably the sister of John Burroughs of Newtown, to whom he refers in his will as his " beloved brother-in-law," and who for many years was clerk of that town, where his descendants are still found. In 1668, the widow married Robert Beacham (Beauchamp) of Fairfield and removed there with her two younger children. They lived in the present parish of Green's Farms, then called Bankside, and now within the town of Westport.
The children of Edward and Elizabeth Jessup were three :
I. ELIZABETH, who before 1666 married Thomas Hunt, Jr., the son of Thomas Hunt of Westchester, N. Y. They had four sons and three daughters and from them descend the Hunts of Hunt's Point in the same town. The late Justice Ward Hunt of the United States Supreme Court, was of this family, as also his kinsman Hon. James B. Hunt, member of Congress from Michigan 1853-1857. (See Hunt Genealogy.)
2. HANNAH who married Joseph - (perhaps Joseph Lockwood, Beacham's son-in-law) and lived in Green's Farms, and died before the mother.
3. EDWARD, born in 1663, who came to Fairfield when five years old, and through whom the name has been perpetuated to the present time.
EDWARD JESSUP above, of the second generation, in 1692 married Elizabeth Hide, grand- daughter of Humphrey Hide of Fairfield, and their descendants are very numerous and widely scattered throughout the country. About 1720 they both removed to Stamford, where they died. They lie buried in an old cemetery near Noroton river, now within the town of Darien.
Their children were nine, all born in Green's Farms :
I. ELIZABETH, born II Feb., 1693, married John Smith, and lived near Greenfield Hill. They had eleven children, seven of them sons.
2. HANNAH married John, son of Jonathan Reynolds, and lived in Greenwich.
3. ABILENA, baptized 13 Sept., 1696, married John Darling of Fairfield, and lived near Green- field Hill. They had four sons and one daughter.
4 EDWARD, baptized 7 March, 1697, took the homestead farm, when his father went to Stam- ford. He was known as "Capt. Edward," and married, 7 Dec., 1724, Sarah Blackleach, daughter of Richard Blackleach of Stratford. They had seven children. Of the two sons Blackleach Jesup of Wilton was three times married, and the father of nineteen children. He was the ancestor of Major-General Thomas S. Jesup, U. S. A. (a grandson), Col. Samuel Blackleach Jesup of Ken- tucky, and Mrs. Elizabeth Jesup Eames, the poetess. Edward C. Delavan Esqr. of New York city (Yale College, class 1836), is a grandson.
The second son, Dr. Ebenezer Jesup (Y. C. class of 1760), was a physician of repute. He succeeded to the homestead in Green's Farms, which was afterwards destroyed at the burning of Fairfield by the British in 1779. He was a surgeon in the Revolution, a Justice of the Peace, an officer in the Green's Farms Church for many years, and greatly respected. Like his brother, he
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also was thrice married ; Ist. to Eleanor Andrews, 2d. Abigail Squire, 3d. Anna Wyncoop. He had eleven children. The late Major Ebenezer Jesup of Westport was his son, and the village of Saugatuck, which preceded the town organization, was largely the result of his energy and busi- ness enterprise. James R. Jesup Esqr. (Y. C. 1840), a lawyer, and Morris K. Jesup Esqr., banker, President of the Museum of Natural History, etc., both of New York city, are great-grand children, as was also Hon. Edward Jesup Wood, Judge of the Supreme Court of Indiana.
Through the daughters of Capt. Edward, there is an extensive connection with families of other and well known Fairfield names. " Jesup" as a Christian name occurs in no less than nine families. Judge Jesup Couch of Ohio (Y. C. 1802), Major-General Darius Nash Couch of Nor- walk. Horace Staples Esqr. of Westport, and Hon. Jedd P. C. Cottrill (University of Vt. 1852), a distinguished lawyer in Milwaukee, Wis., are descendants of Elizabeth Jesup, the sister of Black- leach and Dr. Ebenezer above mentioned. Another sister married Stephen Wakeman (Y. C. 1738), whose descendants are still numerous and influential in the town.
5. JOSEPH, baptized 4 July, 1699, married Abigail James and lived in Stamford, and subse- quently in Dutchess Co., N. Y. His three sons, Edward, Joseph and Ebenezer, settled in Albany Co. in that state. They were men of education and the friends of Sir Wm. Johnson, and received from the colonial government of New York, very large grants of land located near the head waters of the Hudson river. Jessup's Falls and Jessup's Landing near Luzerne were named for them. This family were loyalists, and about 1777 removed to Canada, where Joseph the father soon after died in Montreal. All the sons were officers in Gen. Burgoyne's army. The late James Jessup Esqr. of Brockville, lawyer and member of the Dominion Parliament, was a grandson of Major Edward Jessup. Another grandson is Dr. Hamilton Dibble Jessup, for many years Col- lector of Customs at Prescott, Ont. Among the descendants of Col. Ebenezer Jessup are Admiral Sir Wm. N. W. Hewett, V. C. of the English Navy, and his brothers, Major J. M. M. Hewett of the English Army, and Edward Hyde Hewett Esqr., Consul at Fernando Po.
6. DEBORAH, baptized 12 July, 1702, married Obadiah Stevens and lived in Middlesex, now Darien.
7. JONATHAN, born 3 Aug., 1707, and lived in Greenwich. His wife's name was Sarah, and they had eight children (six sons), and a very numerous posterity. Rufus A. Lockwood of Indiana, whose real name was Jonathan Trumbull Jessup, a brilliant but eccentric lawyer, was of this branch of the family, as are also Charles A. Jessup, M.D. of St. Louis, Mo., Wm. H. Webb of New York city, the ship builder, and Luke A. Lockwood Esqr. of Greenwich ( Trinity College 1855), a member of the New York Bar, and a trustee of his college.
8. SARAH, baptized 15 March, 1713, married Lieut. Jonathan Dibble of New York city and afterwards of Stamford. They had one son (George) and four daughters. Two of these daughters married their cousins Major Edward and Col. Ebenezer Jessup the loyalists. Col. George E. Waring Jr. of Washington, D. C., the civil engineer and author, and James B. Cooper Esq. of Babylon N. Y. belong here.
9. EBENEZER, baptized 15 March, 1714, a sea-captain, who made many voyages, and died at Stamford, unmarried.
The later generations have largely emigrated from the State of Connecticut. and found homes in New York, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Kentucky, Washington, D. C., the Pacific states, Canada, etc. (See Genealogy of the Family).
JONES
JOANES, JONES .- But little is known of the history of the Rev. John Joanes who became the first minister of F. in 1644. Some writers state that he was the son of the Rev. Wm Jones of Abergarveny, in Monmouthshire, Wales; but this account, as well as the statement that he was matriculated at Jesus College, Cambridge 30. April 1624 at the age of 17, is disputed by writers of
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the present day. He, however, had been educated, & regularly ordained a clergyman of the Church of England. He married in the mother country, & had several children born there. He settled at Concord, Mass., & on the 6. April 1637, was ordained pastor of the Congregational Church, gathered there July 1636. At the same time the Rev. Peter Buckley was ordained teacher. Both gentlemen, before their ordination, were called upon to renounce their Episcopal vows, and express regret that they had ever been ministers in the Church of England ; which harsh requirement. was the cause of a considerable comment among the magistrates & ministers of the colonies." The feelings of those who had been silenced for non-conformity, were in some cases very bitter. Soon difficulty arose about the support of two ministers ; & great dissatisfaction prevailed in the settlement in regard to barren soil, & marshy land. Many emigrated to other plantations ; & as some turned their faces towards Fairfield, Mr. Joanes resolved to join the latter company & view the beautiful country, of which such glowing accounts had been given him.
Cotton Mather divided the first ministers of New England into three classes ; I. those who were "in the actual exercise of their ministry when they left England, & were the instruments of bringing the gospel into the wilderness ;" 2. young scholars whose education for their designed ministry, not being finished, yet came from England with their friends, & had their education per- fected in this country ; 3. "all such ministers as came over to New England, after the re-estab- lishment of the Episcopal-church-government in England, & the persecution which then hurricanoed such as were non-conformists unto the establishment." + Mr. Joanes is ranked among those of the first class. " The occasion," continues Mr. Mather, " upon which those excellent ministers retired into a horrid wilderness of America, was the violent persecutions, wherewith a prevailing party in the Church of England harrassed them. In their own land they were hereby deprived, not only of their livings, but also of their liberty, to exercise their ministry, which was dearer to them than their livings, yea, than their very lives : & they were exposed unto extreme sufferings, because they conscientiously dissented from the use of some things in the worship of God, which they accounted sin."
"Some of the ministers, & many of the gentlemen that came over with the ministers, were persons of considerable estates ; who therewith charitably brought over many poor-families of godly people, that were not of themselves able to bear the charges of their transportation ; & they were generally careful also to bring over none but godly servants in their own families, who afterwards by God's blessing on their industry have arrived, many of them, unto such pleasant estates, that they have had occasion to think of the advice, which a famous person, gave in a public sermon, at their first coming over ; "you (said he) that are servants, mark what I say ; I desire & exhort you to be kind awhile hence, unto your master's children. It wont be long before, you that came with nothing into the country, will be rich men, when your masters, having buried their rich estates in the country, will go near to leave their families in a mean condition ; wherefore when it shall be well with you, I charge you to remember them."
* Shattuck's Hist. Concord, & Lechford's Plain Dealing.
+ Cotton Mather mentions a fourth class of ministers, whom he ranks under the head of anomalies of New England, of whom he confesses that some of them deserve to live in his book for their piety; "although their peculiar opinions, were such as to be disserviceable unto the declared & supposed interests of our churches. . . . There were also some godly Episcopalians ; among whom has been commonly reckoned Mr. Blackstone, who by happening to sleep first in an hovel, upon a point of land there, laid claim to all the grounds, whereupon now stands the metropolis of the whole English America, until the inhabitants gave him satisfaction. This man was indeed of a peculiar humor, & he would never join himself to any of our churches, giving this reason for it: ‘I came from England, because I did not like the lord-bishops; but I cant join with you, because I would not be under the lord-brethren.'"-Magnalia Vol. I. B. 3. p. 221.
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