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REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
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ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02254 3653
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016
https://archive.org/details/historyofstateof02conr_0
HISTORY
CI TEX
STATE OF DELAWARE
v.2
BY HENRY C. CONRAD
FURY WAVWE & AA THE PUBLIC 07
FROM THE EARLIEST SETTLEMENTS TO THE YEAR 1907
IN THREE VOLUMES VOLUME II
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR WILMINGTON, DELAWARE 1908
840
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1740273
VOLUME II
1
COURT HOUSE, WILMINGTON. A. D. 1881.
TAIOS33
MIW ,32000 TR000
ILLUSTRATIONS IN VOLUME II.
PAGE
NEW CASTLE COUNTY COURT HOUSE, WILMINGTON . Frontispiece
THE NEW CENTURY CLUB BUILDING, WILMINGTON . 435 PORTRAIT OF J. CLOUD ELLIOTT 454
ST. JAMES' P. E. CHURCH, NEAR STANTON 482
PORTRAIT OF JOHN PILLING 485
ORIGINAL COURT HOUSE AT NEW CASTLE 500
IMMANUEL P. E. CHURCH, NEW CASTLE 512
WELSH TRACT BAPTIST MEETING 526
FRIENDS MEETING HOUSE, ODESSA. 560
STATE HOUSE, DOVER . 575
BELMONT HALL, NEAR SMYRNA 614
PORTRAIT OF JOHN H. HOFFECKER 622
PORTRAIT OF ALDEN B. RICHARDSON 642
PORTRAIT OF HARRY A. RICHARDSON 643
BARRATT'S CHAPEL, NEAR FREDERICA 664
SUSSEX COUNTY COURT HOUSE, GEORGETOWN 683 PORTRAIT OF CALEB R. LAYTON 699 .
HENLOPEN LIGHT HOUSE . 717
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, LEWES 720
HOME OF JOHN DAGWORTHY 732
PRINCE GEORGE'S CHAPEL, NEAR DAGSBORO 735
OLD SWEDES CHURCH, WILMINGTON . 747
ST. ANNE'S P. E. CHURCH, NEAR MIDDLETOWN
762
PORTRAIT OF BISHOP LEIGHTON COLEMAN 765
DRAWYERS MEETING HOUSE, NEAR ODESSA 770
PORTRAIT OF BISHOP JOHN J. MONAGHAN . 777
GRACE M. E. CHURCH, WILMINGTON 780
PORTRAIT OF CAPTAIN THOMAS WEBB . 783
WASHINGTON HEIGHTS M. E. CHURCH, WILMINGTON 787
PORTRAIT OF BISHOP LEVI SCOTT 788
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CITY OF WILMINGTON, BRICKMAKING
397
TAVERNS AND HOTELS 398
PUBLIC HALLS
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTORIES 407
409
WILMINGTON COOPERS 413
VULCANIZED FIBRE COMPANY 415
KARTAVERT MANUFACTURING COMPANY 415
BREWERIES 416
16 BRANDYWINE MILLS 418
JOSEPE BANCROFT & SONS COMPANY 419
DUPONT POWDER WORKS 421
THE RIDDLE MILLS 422
PAPER MAKING 423
THEATERS 424
16
. .
BURIAL PLACES 426
HOME FOR AGED WOMEN 429
66
HOME FOR FRIENDLESS CHILDREN
430
HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITAL 431
THE DELAWARE HOSPITAL 433
THE NEW CENTURY CLUB
435
THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY
436
66
SECRET SOCIETIES 437
BRANDYWINE HUNDRED 449
CHRISTIANA " 460
MILL CREEK
478
WHITE CLAY CREEK HUNDRED 488
500
PENCADER
521
528 RED LION
539
SAINT GEORGES ..
APPOQUINIMINK
565
BLACKBIRD
66
571
KENT COUNTY, GENERAL HISTORY 575
NEW CASTLE
PAGE
PAGE 607
CIVIL LIST FOR KENT COUNTY
HUNDREDS OF KENT COUNTY ---
DUCK CREEK HUNDRED
611
KENTON
624
EAST DOVER
628
WEST DOVER
644
LITTLE CREEK
649
NORTH MURDERKILL HUNDRED 651
SOUTH MURDERKILL
660
MISPILLION
667
673
SUSSEX COUNTY, GENERAL HISTORY
683
CIVIL LIST FOR. SUSSEX COUNTY .
689
HUNDREDS OF SUSSEX COUNTY ---
CEDAR CREEK HUNDRED 693
NANTICOKE
698
NORTH WEST FORK HUNDRED
703
SEAFORD
"
706
BROADKILN
711
LEWES AND REHOBOTH
.
715
INDIAN RIVER
722
BALTIMORE
66
726 729
DAGSBORO
732
BROAD CREEK
735
LITTLE CREEK
739
743
GUMBORO
66
RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS
745
MILFORD
GEORGETOWN
66
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE.
NEWCASTLE COUNTY, CITY OF WILMINGTON (Continued).
BRICKMAKING.
BRICK-MAKING has been carried on in Wilmington and vicinity for more than a century. Valuable deposits of brick clay were found in early days in a large tract of land lying north of Seventh street and east of Poplar. Among the early brick-makers were Esau Coxe, Josiah Stagg and Thomas Wallace. Later came David C. Wilson, Samuel McCaulley, Louis H. Coxe and Henry M. Rile, all of whom operated brick yards in the northeastern section of the city. The last one to carry on the brick-making business in that section was James H. Beggs. The supply of clay being exhausted, that section within the past thirty years has been built on. For many years the excavations made by the digging of clay were utilized as skating ponds in winter, and many of the middle- aged men and women of this generation have reccollections of the merry crowds that gathered nightly on "Coxe's pond."
Another section where clay was found of good quality was on both sides of Lancaster avenue west of Rodney street. Dr. Robert H. McCabe operated a large brick-making plant in that vicinity before and during the Civil War. It afterwards came under the control of Jacob Lewis & Son, and in 1872 Alvan Allen became the owner. This plant was on the north side of the avenue. About 1870 the Wilmington Brick Man- ufacturing Company was organized with George W. Bush as president and John C. Cole as manager. This was the first concern in the city to make bricks by machinery. The com- pany continued in successful operation for ten years or more.
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HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
It was located on the south side of Lancaster avenue, west of DuPont street.
The firm of J. H. Beggs & Co., composed of James H. Beggs and John P. Alimond, was formed in 1882, and began opera- tions as brickmakers soon after the opening of the Eleventh street bridge, on lands belonging to the Thatcher and Menden- hall estates, situated north of the Brandywine. A fine deposit of clay was found in that section and a prosperous business was conducted by the firm for many years, it being still con- tinued, under the old firm name, although the senior member of the firm died in 1902. Both Mr. Beggs and Mr. Allmond were the main parties in interest in the Delaware Terra Cotta Company, organized in 1887 for the manufacture of terra- cotta pipe and kindred lines. This company for many years carried on a successful business just east of Eleventh street bridge on Brandywine creek.
In 1882 Alvan Allen started a brickyard on the Forman farm at Elsmere, outside the city limits, and it has been in successful operation since ; for several years past the business has been conducted by the Alvan Allen Brick Company. In 1878 Samuel McClary, Jr., started a brickyard on Elliott avenue north of the city limits, which he conducted for four years when he sold it to J. Eldridge Pierce and Edward For- rest, and four years later, the interest of Mr. Forrest was bought by Harry A. Beeson, and the firm became Pierce and Beeson. The business has been discontinued for several years.
James B. Oberly in 1889 came from Bucks county, Penn- sylvania and operated a brick-making establishment at Second and Greenhill avenue, on part of the James Webb farm. He has made the business a success, and it is still in successful operation.
TAVERNS AND HOTELS.
The first house of public entertainment in Wilmington is supposed to have been " The Foul Anchor Inn," fronting on Water street at the west side of King, with a lawn in the rear that extended to the Christiana. It was built in 1740 and
399
HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
remained a public house until about 1830. For eighty years, at least, the leading inn of the town was at the southeast corner of Third and Market streets, and at first was called " The Sign of the Ship."
The earliest known proprietor was John Marshall who acted mine-host for twenty years or more, being succeeded by George Ross. In 1789 Patrick O'Flynn became the proprietor and he changed the name to " Happy Retreat." O'Flynn was a patriot. He served as captain in the Delaware Militia during the Revolution and was the ideal inn-keeper of his day, a man of easy manners and a general favorite throughout the town.
He never tired of narrating that he had been honored by visits from Washington, Jefferson, Aaron Burr and Commo- dore Perry, all of whom had slept beneath the roof of the " Happy Retreat." He figured in official place in the early days of the town, and was an active member of the First Presbyterian Church, in the graveyard of which church he was buried at his death in 1818. After O'Flynn's death General Wolfe became the keeper and continued until 1828, when Robert Eakin took charge for five years, and then came Harriet Dickinson and Jesse Sharpe. In 1835 the building was sold and soon after changed into business places.
The Washington House on the west side of Market just above Second was established as early as 1785. It was first known as the " White Hart." William McCreery was the keeper in 1785, and John West in 1797. When Edward Thomas became the proprietor in 1805, the name was changed to " Washington Inn." On Thomas' death his wife ran it for some years, and Joseph Gilpin then took charge. He con- tinued until 1825. Then followed James G. Jefferies and James Plumly. The latter retired in 1829 and was succeeded by Samuel Miller, who in a few years gave way to Benjamin Bracken, and from 1841 to 1850 it was under the charge of John Foster. After that Samuel Miller again became the pro- prietor and continued for many years. Morris Dickinson was proprietor for years also. For twenty years past it has been
....
400
HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
used as a saloon, during much of that time being occupied by John Mealey, and of late the name has been changed to the "Commercial Hotel."
The Indian King Tavern occupied the present site of W. H. Smith & Company's drygoods house at the southeast corner of Fourth and Market streets, and from 1790 to 1805 was in charge of George Taylor, but his successor in 1805, David Brinton, by reason of his enterprise and public spirit made the hotel famous. He continued as proprietor until his death in 1822. The stage lines between Philadelphia and Dover made the Indian King their headquarters, and David Brinton was one of the owners of the stages. John M. Smith ran the hotel for eleven years after Brinton's death.
Alexander Porter was proprietor for one year. Collins Denney succeeded him and remained until 1836, and Captain Henry Reed, who died there in 1837, had been the proprietor for a little more than a year prior to his death. Next in order came Jesse Sharpe, and while he was in charge the building was sold, and in 1842 it was discontinued for hotel purposes and became a drygoods store. Afterwards the same name, " Indian King," was given to another hotel which stood for years on Market street above Front, occupying the site of the present A. J. Hart Company's wholesale grocery house, and known as No. 109.
The Indian Queen Hotel, at the northeast corner of Fifth and Market streets, for three-quarters of a century was the leading hotel in the city, where people of quality were enter- tained and where banquets were spread in honor of the digni- taries. It can be traced back to 1789, and Enoch Welch, who served as postmaster of the city from 1796 to 1798, was one of the early proprietors. The stages that ran from Philadelphia to Baltimore stopped there, as did the stage line down the peninsula.
David Brinton succeeded Welch as proprietor in 1800 and conducted the house for three years, when Charles Hamilton took charge for a few years, and then came Eli Lamborn, who
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HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
continued there until 1825. Next came James Plumly, re- maining three years, and he in turn was succeeded by Alex- ander Porter, who stayed five years.
John M. Smith was the landlord in 1833, and after running the hotel for thirteen years had accumulated enough means to buy a large farm on Bohemia Manor, to which he retired in 1846. Under John Hall's management the building was doubled in capacity. He remained four years, and gave way to John Foster in 1850, who was in charge until 1855. In the latter year Charles M. Allmond became proprietor, and under his management it was a very popular hostelry. He was followed by Miller & Harlan, the senior partner being Samuel Miller, formerly proprietor of the Washington House, and the junior partner being J. Marshall Harlan. Miller remained but a short while, when Harlan became sole pro- prietor, and he in turn sold out to Benjamin C. Pearce. After Pearce came J. Pusey Smith, and at the death of the latter Isaac C. Pyle came into control in 1867, and continued until the demolition of the building in 1871.
The old Indian Queen Hotel property was sold in 1871, and the next year its life as a hotel ended. The new owners were the Artisans' Savings Bank and the First National Bank. Prompted by the feeling that Wilmington needed a first-class hotel, the Clayton House was projected and named for the distinguished Delawarean, John M. Clayton. It was com- pleted in 1873 and cost over $200,000. Its completion marked a new era in Wilmington hotels. Col. Henry W. Sawyer was the first proprietor. He had become famous as the manager for many years of one of the largest hotels at Cape May. He remained until 1875, when Isaac C. Pyle succeeded him, continuing until 1880. Then came George W. Ortlip from 1880 to 1885. Isaac C. Pyle again took charge in 1885 and continued until 1894, when James L. Willis succeeded him, continuing until 1897, when Harry Bothman became proprietor and still continues in charge, his management proving bighly satisfactory.
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402
HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
The hotel on Market, street, immediately opposite the City Hall, and known for sixty years past as the Delaware House, was first called the Bayard House, and bore upon its hanging sign a portrait of James A. Bayard, the elder. It occupied at first the building immediately adjoining the present hotel on the north, and Charles Springer, who ran it in 1797, is sup- posed to have been the first host. Eli Lamborn, an experi- enced tavern man, having tried his hand in about all the early taverns in the town, ran the Bayard for a dozen years or more, and at the same time controlled the line of post coaches between Wilmington and Philadelphia. He was also interested in the line of stages to Elkton and Chestertown.
In 1825 Henry Steele succeeded Lamborn as keeper of the Bayard House, and three years later Gibbons Perry took charge, remaining until 1830. Then came Brooke T. Turner, an Englishman, who in 1844 erected the present building and changed the name to the Delaware House. Under his man- agement its fame spread far and wide, and it gained a great reputation for the quality and variety of the food furnished. Turner had served with Wellington at Waterloo, but he be- came an enthusiastic Whig in American politics, and his house was the headquarters for that party in its triumphant days. He idolized Henry Clay, and late in life adopted a son, who was known as Henry Clay Turner, a versatile fellow of uncommon ability in some directions, but who through indiscretion and excesses died early. Young Turner was a member of the New Castle Bar, having studied law with Chief Justice Lore, and coming to the Bar in 1873. Brooke T. Turner died in 1867, and after his death the property was bought by Catherine and Cornelius McGrenna, by whom it was run for twenty years, but under their management it greatly deteriorated. Within the past few years it has been entirely remodeled, and has taken on a new lease of life under the management of Arthur Sullivan, the present proprietor.
Sharpe's Hotel, at the northwest corner of Front and Market
403
HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
streets has been a public house for nearly a century and a half. It is claimed that the first house erected in Wilmington was built on this site. At first it was called the Buck Tavern, but it later became known far and wide as Sharpe's Hotel because several members of that family owned and conducted it. Eli Taylor was host during the Revolution. He died of yellow fever in 1797 and Eli Sharpe succeeded him. In 1825 the latter erected a new building, the date stone of which has been recently donated to the Historical Society of Delaware by one of the Sharpe descendants. On the death of Eli Sharpe, his widow, Phebe Sharpe, and his daughter, Miss Sallie Sharpe, ran it for several years, and in a very acceptable way. Mrs. Sharpe lived to be a very old woman and died within the past few years. The property was leased for many years, among the lessees being Peter Crutchfield, Sylvester Rianhard, James A. Wilson, Manuel Richenberger and George Wood. In 1900 Daniel and James J. McCormick bought the property from the Sharpe estate. They tore down the old stone stable that stood on the Shipley street end of the lot, and extended the hotel the entire length of the block. The hotel was entirely remodeled and every vestige of Sharpe's Hotel disappeared. It was rechristened McCormick's Hotel, and has since been under the successful management of the McCormick brothers.
The Hotel Lynch on the south side of Fourth street, be- tween Market and Shipley streets, was built prior to 1800 and for seventy years was known as the Swan Hotel. Among the early proprietors were John Hadden, Isaac Anderson, Eli Lamborn, Samuel Hopper and Andrew J. Lemon. In 1856 the house was bought by Thomas D. Gibson, and he changed the name to the Gibson House. He continued in charge until 1878, when he retired and leased it to John Dunn, who in a few years gave way to John J. Dougherty and the latter was succeeded by James L. Willis. In 1902 the Gibson estate sold the property to Humphrey Lynch by whom it has since been conducted.
The Lafayette Hotel, which was built in 1845, occupied the
1
404
HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
site of the present United States Post-office Building at the southwest corner of Ninth and Shipley streets, with extensive stables and yard which extended to Orange street. Its first name was the Black Bear Tavern, the first building dating back to 1823. Joseph Pierson and Son were among the first owners and proprietors, being followed by Jacob Hopple, Jr. In 1853 Edmund Conard took charge, and he was followed in turn by Lewis Wilson, Sylvester Rianhard, J. Pusey Smith, Isaac C. Pyle, James C. Pierson, George W. Ortlip and John J. Dougherty. In 1880 Isaac C. Pyle became proprietor for a second time, remaining there until 1884, when he sold out to Edwin O. Taylor, who continued in charge until 1895, when the premises were sold to the United States government.
The White Horse Hotel at the southwest corner of Second and Tatnall streets, was kept by Richard K. Jones, as a tem- perance house from 1841 to 1862. It attracted a large patron- age from the country people who came to market. From 1862 to 1865 John Lemon was lessee, and in 1865 Caleb Miller bought it, and he continued as proprietor for seven- teen years when he retired. During the past year it has been sold to Andrew P. Casey, who has remodeled it and under his management it promises to regain the success of former days.
The Cross Keys Tavern stood at the intersection of the Kennett turnpike and Old King's road, and for about eighty years was one of the noted taverns of these parts. John Washington kept it in 1805 and in 1818 Peter Vandever was proprietor. The latter was elected Sheriff in 1832. He was far famed as a tavern keeper. His successor as host was John Schofield, an Englishman, whose ale, drawn from the wood, was unexcelled and famed the country around. In 1865 the land upon which the tavern stood passed into the possession of Joshua T. Heald and the " Cross Keys" disap- peared.
The Black Horse Tavern stood at the southwest corner of Front and Justison streets and while it has been discontinued as a public house for twenty years the remnants of the old
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HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
building have been very recently removed. Thomas Plumley, Jacob Hopple, Jr., William L. Gilbert and Patrick Mellon each kept it for several years. It was a great resort for market people. One square further west on Front at the corner of Madison street stood for many years the Eagle Hotel. The building still stands, but it has not been in use as a hotel for twenty-five years.
The United States Hotel was a successful hostelry for many years. It stood at the northwest corner of Water and French streets, and was in close proximity to the depot, and was popular with railroad men. Sylvester Rianhard, John Hanna and John J. Dougherty were proprietors at various times. The building was torn down in 1903. Close at hand on Water street, west of French stood for many years, the Steam- boat Hotel, and in 1849 Captain Joshua Baker opened another public house within a few doors of it.
Front street in earlier days had numerous taverns. The Bird-in-Hand, between Market and King streets was estab- lished as early as 1790, and held its own over fifty years. Rachael Montgomery, Peter Hordon, Peter Mercier, Joseph K. Robinett and David Shaw were hosts in the order men- tioned. The New Jersey Inn at French and Front streets was opened by William Holton in 1829. Just west of Shipley street on Front stood for many years the Sorrel Horse Hotel and in the same square was the City Hotel, with stables im- mediately opposite. Sylvester Rianhard was proprietor for many years. It had rather a precarious existence for several years, Martin Keough being the last proprietor before it was demolished to make way for the elevated railroad tracks.
Johan Wilhelm, a Swede, kept a small hotel on Market street above Fourth in early days ; and a small hotel at Market and Water streets, southeast corner, was called The Sign of the Steamboat. It was owned by Thomas C. Rogers in 1829, and about the beginning of the Civil War was conducted as an eating saloon by Joseph Waite.
The European Hotel at the northwest corner of Front and
t.
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406
HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS. .
French streets was established by Tobias B. Merritt, a famous hotel man from down the state. He was unusually popular with traveling men and his hotel venture in Wilmington was very successful. He made a comfortable fortune and retired about 1890 to a farm in Kent county, Maryland, where he died a few years later.
The Grand Union Hotel on the opposite corner is still suc- cessfully operated by its founder and owner Henry Blouth. He is very popular with the German population and operates a brewery in addition to the hotel.
For many years there were two hotels in Brandywine vil- lage, on Market street north of the Brandywine creek. The oldest, called The Green Tree Inn, occupied the site of the pre- sent St. John's Church and was demolished to make way for the church about 1860. The other was the Brandywine Vil- lage Hotel, kept for many years by Jacob Hootten, and after- wards by William S. Coyle. For twenty years it has been owned and conducted by John B. Price, who in that time has remodeled it so that but little vestige of the old building re- mains.
In 1883 John A. Boers started a new hotel on Market street, opposite the Masonic Hall, and called it the Opera Hotel. It proved successful under his management and in 1891 he was able to retire from business, in that year leas- ing the property to James L. Willis who managed it for three years. In 1894 Watson Jennings succeeded Willis, changed the name to Hotel Jennings, and continued in charge for three years. In 1897 Jefferson and Loffand took charge, changing the name to Hotel Wilmington, which name is still retained. Mr. Lofland retired in 1901, and the business was continued by Mr. Jefferson alone, until the death of the latter in 1904, when Fred. H. Wetteroth of Philadelphia became proprietor. The latter did not succeed and in the spring of 1906 the concern went into bankruptcy, and then passed into the hands of Albert Bothman, the present popular and capable proprietor.
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HISTORY OF THE COUNTIES AND HUNDREDS.
PUBLIC HALLS.
For many years the town hall of the borough served as the place for public meetings, the main room on the lower floor of the present city hall being used for political and other public gatherings until after the municipal court came into existence by the revised charter of the city passed in 1883. Since that time the court and its officers and the fire-alarm department have monopolized this room.
In 1842 a company was chartered by some of the leading men of the city, and they erected a hall on the south side of Fourth street, about one hundred feet east of Market street, which was called Temperance Hall. It was used for lectures and various entertainments until the erection of Odd Fellows Hall, when it fell into disuse, being occupied later by Wil- liam H. Naff as an auction house, but generally known as the " Old Curiosity Shop " by reason of the great accumulation of antiquated furniture and other articles that were gathered there by Mr. Naff.
The Odd Fellows Hall Company was incorporated in 1847, and two years later opened the Odd Fellows Hall at the northwest corner of Third and King streets. The hall was dedicated May 28, 1849, and in addition to providing excel- lent accommodations for the various lodges of Odd Fellows, it contained what at that time was a large and handsome audi- torium which for fifteen years was used for lectures and enter- tainments with an occasional attempt at theatricals.
As early as 1787 several of the public-spirited residents of the borough took steps towards the establishment of a public library. A year later " The Library Company of Wilming- ton " was incorporated, and John Hayes became its first presi- dent and Jacob Broom, treasurer. Books were bought and the library opened in the old city hall, then over the Second Street Market House, with Robert Coram as librarian. A year later the books were moved to the school-house of Robert Coram on Fourth street, between Market and King. In 1816 the library was given quarters in the new city hall, and con-
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