USA > Georgia > Georgia as a proprietary province; the execution of a trust > Part 24
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The group of Salzburghers at Frederica did not get much religious attention. For a very short while, Rev. John Ul- rich Driesler did excellent service and gathered a congre- gation of sixty-two members; but he died in 1744, and his place was never filled.93
The Salzburghers at Savannah had no regular spiritual supply until Zouberbuhler went to that place. Occasionally services were held for them by ministers from Ebenezer or from Frederica; and Rev. John Joachim Zubli, as we have noticed, preached for them without a license from the Trus- tees for a short while. The latter gathered a congregation of about twenty members; but when he could not get a salary fixed he removed to South Carolina.94
The success of religious efforts among the Salzburghers when they had largely failed among other people is a mat- ter that may demand some explanation; and some reasons
" Hazelius 64-65.
" Strobel 132.
"B. T., Ga., XXII: 160.
" B. T., Ga., XXIII: 15.
337
Religious Development of Georgia
for it may be given. They were religiously inclined by na- ture. They had recently been called on to suffer for their convictions, and therefore their principles meant much to them. Their religious life was carefully planned for them from the home bases, and reports were constantly required, so that regular advice and suggestions could be sent both from England and Germany. Their pastors were remark- ably spiritual leaders ; and the ministry of Bolzius was con- tinuous throughout the period, while both Gronau and Lembke had fairly long terms of labor. The Salzburgher community had a uniform faith and was not troubled by the jealousy and bickerings of contending religious factions.
Having followed in some detail the work at various mis- sion stations, we may next consider some general phases of the religious development of the colony as a whole. It is of interest to note the amounts of money collected and ex- pended by the Trustees for the various religious purposes in Georgia. It is noteworthy that there were no contribu- tions made by the public during the last eleven years of the Trust ; interest in the charitable and missionary aspects of the new colony had died out except in the regular societies organized with these ends in view. The contributions made during the first nine years may be grouped as follows: (1) For building churches about £702; (3) For Indian missions about £679; and (3) for general religious purposes a little more than £522. Every penny of the contributions made was spent for the purposes designated; and for the build- ing of churches, the Trustees had to draw from their own funds nearly £100 in order to supplement the amount do- nated by the public. All of the money contributed for the Indian work was expended almost as fast as it was received, and therefore the Trustees were unable to do anything for the natives in a religious way during the last ten years of
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338
Georgia as a Proprietary Province
their control. Most of the money for churches and about half of that for general purposes was spent during the later years of the Trust.
The funds just mentioned were those only that were fur- nished by the general public. They do not include the money sent by the various societies or agencies which really con- stituted the major part of the assets for religious develop- ment. During the twenty years of proprietary control, these organizations must have spent between £3,500 and £4,000 for salaries alone. Besides, the Trustees probably expended from their own funds half this sum in furnishing servants and supplies for the workers in various centers. The total expenditures directly for religious purposes would therefore not be far from £7,500.95
The salaries of none of the ministers were large. The usual sum paid by the missionary societies was £50 annually. They required that this be supplemented in some way. The Trustees generally furnished the missionary with a house, a glebe of three hundred acres, and a few servants to culti- vate the land. The King and sometimes other authorities or agencies usually helped slightly each new missionary of the Established Church.96 It has already been pointed out that on account of his valuable services Zouberbuhler was made an exception in the matter of salaries and that he received nearly double the usual amount.
Few church buildings were put up in Georgia during the period of our study. There was great interest in securing a place of worship in Savannah, and contributions for the purpose were received the first year and for several years
"5 Specific references cannot be cited for these figures. They are collected from C. R. III, all of which is devoted to the receipts and expenditures of the Trustees.
"C. R. ĮII: 87.
339
Religious Development of Georgia 1
following; but there was great delay in beginning the work. The structure first used at Savannah for church services was a tabernacle of rough boards. Its dimensions were only twelve feet in width and thirty-six in length; but when -a court house was erected in the town, it was used also for the public worship. During the years 1735-1738, considerable sums were donated for the building of the church, and in 1737 some materials were sent from England with which to actually begin the erection of the structure; but that was the extent of operations at that time.97 In 1740 Whitefield offered to take charge of the enterprise, and he was given permission to proceed with it; but he was limited to £300 for the completion of the work, and he thought that sum too little for a beginning to be made.98
It was the 28th of March, 1744, before the work on the Savannah church really began. On that date the founda- tion was laid amid great rejoicing; 99 but only the roof, floor, and framework were completed before the funds avail- able for the work were exhausted, and the construction came to a close in the summer of 1745.100 Nothing further was done until the spring of 1747 when the Salzburghers were asked to get out at their mill sufficient lumber to complete the church. Bolzius wrote that he would cheerfully furnish the materials, but that he feared the shell of the build- ing was already too rotten for completion.101 However, the work proceeded with more or less interruptions until it was ready for dedication on July 7, 1750. That particular day was chosen for the dedicatory exercises because it was the an- niversary of two great occasions in the history of the colony,
" C. R. III: 170.
" B. T., Ga., IX: Verelst to Whitefield, June 11, 1740.
99 B. T., Ga., XXII: 164.
100 Ibid., 196.
101 B. T., Ga., XXIII: 36.
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340
Georgia as a Proprietary Province
the establishment of the first regular civil government seven- teen years before, and the repulse of the Spanish at Fred- erica eight years previous. The setting apart of the new church, so long desired and needed, was a fitting accompani- ment in the religious sphere of the other notable events in the civil and in the military life of the colony.102
The church itself was large and beautiful, at least in comparison with other structures in Georgia. Its founda- tions were of stone; the outside of the building was finished with cement set off in imitation of stone; and the inside was plastered in white. Its windows were of crown glass sent especially from England. The total cost of the building was more than double the original estimate; and even after the dedication £100 more had to be spent to prepare the church for permanent use.103
The other houses of worship in the colony were not nearly so pretentious as that in Savannah, and comparatively lit- tle time was spent either in planning or in erecting them. At Frederica a little chapel was built in 1739. It was sixty feet in length and twenty feet in width. The lumber for it was cut and sawed by Trust servants, and much of the work in building was done by them so that the money cost was comparatively slight, being perhaps less than £50.10+ At Augusta "a handsome church" was erected when a call for a missionary was lodged with the Trustees, but it was little more than an inexpensive chapel.105
The Salzburghers erected three churches. For some time after they settled at Ebenezer they worshipped at the or- phanage which the Trustees had helped them erect; but
102 B. T., Ga., XXIV: 5.
103 C. R. VI: 188-189; C. R. III: 167.
104 C. R. V: 96, 348.
105 S. P. G. Correspondence, Mss., Aug. 8, 1751; B. T., Ga., XXIV: 93-94.
341
Religious Development of Georgia
finally with the aid of the German Lutheran church they built at Ebenezer a house of worship which they named "Jerusalem." Four miles away for the benefit of those liv- ing on plantations another was erected and called "Zion." In 1751 another was found necessary for the increasing plantation settlements, and it was called "Bethany." 106 All these houses were well built wooden structures. The ma- terials used in them were largely those which the Salz- burghers produced in their own saw mill. The inside of each church was painted, and the outside was treated with tur- pentine to prevent decay.107
The Moravians, the Scotch, and the Jews had no struc- tures worthy of the name exclusively for religious purposes. They either used public buildings or rented rooms for their services.
In attempting to sum up the religious efforts in Georgia, we should possibly except the Salzburghers and the Moravi- ans from the general conclusions as to the other work. The Salzburgher religious conditions were almost above reproach ; and the Moravian conditions were also excellent, though the people stayed in the colony too short a time for them to exer- cise much influence outside their own membership. With the exceptions noted, the religious work of Georgia resulted in much the same way as all the other undertakings in the prov- ince-executive, legislative, judicial, financial, and educa- tional-that we have considered in previous chapters. It was characterized by earnest efforts and fond hopes on the part of the Trustees ; by indifference on the part of most of the inhabitants of the colony ; by ineffectiveness on the part of nearly all the officers or agents employed; and by general disappointment on the part of all concerned in the results
106 Strobel 120-121.
107 B. T., Ga., XXIII: 60.
342
Georgia as a Proprietary Province
attained. The Trustees from the very beginning of their enterprise were largely moved by the charitable and religious aspects of the work to be done, and there was nothing in which they rejoiced or sorrowed more than in the good or evil reports that came to them regarding the progress of religion in Georgia. Most of the colonists felt that they had no time for church affairs. The struggle for existence and the various disputes that arose in the province preoccu- pied their minds. With some of them at least, the only re- action which they felt toward religion was the desire to criti- cise it. As a rule, the clergymen and catechists sent to Georgia were very young, just ordained for the ministry ; and they were not accustomed to the wilderness ways. It was too much to expect that they could be very effective leaders. Many of them in later life became very strong men, much more so than their careers in Georgia .would have indicated. Others of the ministers were men of low moral life, and they ought not to have been in religious work of any kind. With the coming of royal government, firmer religious organization, and a better class of settlers, the ecclesiastical conditions of the province materially im- proved.
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MANUSCRIPT ARCHIVES
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Entry Books of the Trustees consisting of letters and other correspondence sent by them to persons in America, Ger- many, and England. 1732-1752. British Public Record Office, Board of Trade, Georgia, Vols. 8-11.
Entry Books of commissions, powers, instructions, and leases issued by the Trustees. 1732-1752. British Public Rec- ord Office, Board of Trade, Georgia, Vols. 12-13.
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Georgia as a Proprietary Province
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The General Account of All Monies and Effects Received and Expended by the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia in America. C. R. III:1-367.
Stephens, William. A Journal of the Proceedings in Georgia beginning October 20, 1737. C. R. IV:1-662 and the Supplement to Vol. IV.
Proceedings of the President and Assistants for the Colony of Georgia from Oct. 12th, 1741, to Oct. 30th, 1754. C. R. VI : 1-461.
Journal of the Earl of Egmont, first President of the Board of Trustees, from June 14, 1738, to May 25, 1744. C. R. V:1-724.
Collections of the Georgia Historical Society. Vols. I-IV. Savannah, 1840, 1842, 1873, 1878.
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Reasons for Establishing the Colony of Georgia, with Regard to the Trade of Great Britain, the Increase of our Peo- ple, and the Employment and Support it will accord to Great Numbers of our own Poor, as well as foreign perse- cuted Protestants. With some account of the Country, and the design of the Trustees. London, 1733. Ga. Hist. Collec. I.
Moore, Francis, A Voyage to Georgia Begun in the Year 1735. London, 1744. Ga. Hist. Collec. I: 79-152.
A New Voyage to Georgia by a Young Gentleman, Giving an Account of his Travels to South Carolina and part of North Carolina, To which is added, A Curious Account of the Indians by an Honorable Person and a Poem to James Oglethorpe, Esq., on his Arrival from Georgia. London, 1737. Ga. Hist. Collec. II: 37-66.
An Impartial Inquiry into the State and the Utility of the Province of Georgia. London, 1741. Ga. Hist. Collec. I: 153-202.
Stephens, William, A State of the Province of Georgia At- tested upon Oath in the Court of Savannah, November 10, 1740. London, 1742. Ga. Hist. Collec. II: 69-85.
A Brief Account of the Causes that have Retarded the Prog- ress of the Colony of Georgia; Attested upon Oath. Be- ing a Proper Contrast to "A State of the Province of Georgia Attested upon Oath" and Some Other Misrepre- sentations on the Same Subject. London, 1743. Ga. Hist. Collec. II: 87-168.
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Georgia as a Proprietary Province
Tailfer, (Pat., M. D.), Anderson, (Hugh, M. A.), Douglas, (Da.) and Others, A. True and Historical Narrative of the Colony of Georgia, in America, from the first Settle- ment thereof until this present Period: Containing the most Authentic Facts, Matters, and Transactions therein ; Together with His Majesty's charter, Representations of the People, Letters, etc., and a Dedication to his Excel- lency General Oglethorpe. Charleston, 1741. Ga. Hist. Collec. II: 163 et seq.
Martyn, Benjamin, An Account Showing the Progress of the Colony of Georgia, in America, from its First Estab- lishment. London, 1742. Ga. Hist. Collec. II : 265-310.
A Description of Georgia by a Gentleman who has Resided there upwards of Seven Years, and was one of the First Settlers. London, 1741.
Oglethorpe, James, Letters to the Trustees and Others. Oc- tober, 1735, to August, 1744. Ga. Hist. Collec. III: 1-151.
The Castle-Builders; or the History of William Stephens, of the Isle of Wight, Esq., Lately Deceased. A Political Novel, never before published in any language. (Supposed to have been written by Thomas Stephens.) Second edi- tion. London, 1759.
South Carolina Historical Society Collections, Vol. IV. Charleston, 1887.
Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, Second Series, Vol. II.
Calendar of State Papers, Privy Council, 1732-1742.
Cobbett, Parliamentary History of England. London, 1813. The period from 1735 to 1752.
Gentleman's Magazine or Trader's Monthly Intelligencer. London, 1731-1752.
London Magazine and Chronologer, 1740-1743.
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Carroll, B. R., Historical Collections of South Carolina. 2 Vols. New York, 1836.
Political State of Great Britain. July, 1732, to December, 1740. Volumes 44-60. London. (Twelve of these vol- umes have references to Georgia.
SECONDARY AUTHORITIES
Adair, James, The History of the American Indians; par- ticularly those nations adjoining the Mississippi, east and west Florida, Georgia, etc. London, 1775.
Brooks, R. P., History of Georgia. Boston, 1913. Bruce, Henry, Life of General Oglethorpe. New York, 1890. Burke, Edmund, An Account of the European Settlements in America. 2 vols. London, 1757.
Chalmers, George, Opinions of Eminent Lawyers on various points of English Jurisprudence, chiefly concerning the Colonies, Fisheries and Commerce of Great Britain. Bur- lington, 1858.
Cooper, Harriet C., James Oglethorpe, the Founder of Georgia. New York, 1904.
Dalcho, Frederick, An Historical Account of the Protestant Episcopal Church in South Carolina, from the first set- tlement of the Province to the War of the Revolution: With notices of the present state of the Church in each parish ; and some account of the Early Civil History of Carolina never before Published. Charleston, 1820.
Dictionary of National Biography.
Doyle, J. A., English Colonies in America. 5 vols. New York, 1907.
Evans, Lawton B., A History of Georgia for Use in Schools. New York, 1906.
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Fitchett, W. H., Wesley and His Century. A Study in Spiritual Forces. London, 1906.
Fries, A. L., The Moravians in Georgia. Raleigh, N. C., 1905.
Greene, E. B., The Provincial Governor in the English Colo- nies of North America. Harvard Historical Studies, Vol. VII. New York, 1898.
Harris, T. M., Biographical Memorials of James Ogle- thorpe. Boston, 1841.
Hawkins, Ernest, Historical Notices of the Missions of the Church of England in the North American Colonies, pre- vious to the Independence of the United States; chiefly from mss. documents of the Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts.
Hazelius, Ernest L., History of the American Lutheran Church. Zanesville, Ohio, 1846.
Hewatt, Alexander, An Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of the Colonies of South Carolina and Georgia. 2 vols. London, 1779. (In Carroll's Historical Collec- tions. )
Jones, Charles C., Jr., The History of Georgia. 2 vols. Boston, 1883.
The Dead Towns of Georgia. Savannah, 1878.
Tomo-chi-chi: Mico of the Yamacraws. Albany, New York, 1868.
Knight, L. L., Reminiscences of Famous Georgians. At- lanta, 1907-1908. 2 vols.
Georgia's Landmarks, Memorials, and Legends. Vol. I. Atlanta, 1913.
Lecky, W. E. H., A History of England in the Eighteenth Century. Second Edition. 8 vols. London, 1883.
Loskiel, G. H., History of the Mission of the United Breth- ren among the Indians in North America. Three Parts.
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Translated from the German by Christian I. La Trobe. London, 1794.
McCall, Hugh, The History of Georgia, Containing Sketches of the Most Remarkable Events up to the Present Day. 2 vols. Savannah, 1811 and 1816. Also reprinted in one volume. Atlanta, 1909. :
McCrady, Edward, The History of South Carolina under the Royal Government. (1719-1776.) New York, 1899. Northern, W. J., Men of Mark in Georgia. 6 vols. At- lanta, 1907. (Sketches by various writers of prominent Georgians.)
Osgood, Herbert L., The American Colonies in the Seven- teenth Century. 3 vols. New York, 1904 and 1907.
Peabody, W. B. O., Life of James Oglethorpe. Boston, 1846.
Pickett, A. J., History of Alabama and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, from the Earliest Period. 2 vols. Charleston, 1851.
Present State of the Nation. London, 1768.
Ramsay, David, The History of South Carolina. 2 vols. Charleston, 1809.
Raper, C. L., North Carolina, a Study in English Colonial Government. New York, 1904.
Smith, G. G., The Story of Georgia and the Georgia Peo- ple. Atlanta, 1900.
Smith, W. R., South Carolina as a Royal Province, 1719- 1776. New York, 1903.
Spalding, Thomas, A Sketch of the Life of General James Oglethorpe. In Ga. Hist. Collec. I.
Stevens, William B., History of Georgia. 2 vols. New York, 1847.
Strobel, P. A., The Salzburghers and Their Descendants, Being the History of German (Lutheran) Protestants,
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Georgia as a Proprietary Province
who Emigrated to Georgia in 1734, and Settled at Eben- ezer, Twenty-five Miles above the City of Savannah. Bal- timore, 1855.
Tyerman, L., Life and Times of Reverend John Wesley. 3 vols. London, 1871. (Gives the fullest account of John Wesley's career in Georgia.)
Life of Reverend George Whitefield. London, 1876-1877. White, George, Historical Collections of Georgia. New York, 1854.
Whitehead, John, The Life of Rev. John Wesley, M. A., with Some Account of his Ancestors and Relations; and
the Life of Rev. Charles Wesley, M. A. New York, 1881. Wright, Robert, A Memoir of General James Oglethorpe, One of the Earliest Reformers of Prison Discipline in England and the Founder of Georgia in America. Lon- don, 1867.
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INDEX
Accounts of Oglethorpe, dis- putes about, 91-92
Acton, 282
Admiralty Courts, 122, 205
Altamaha River, 73-75
Anderson, Adam, Trustee, 54
Appeals, 198, 200, 202, 206- 212, 221
Archer, Henry, Trustee, 52-53 Argyle, 68, 284
Assembly, Colonial, appointed, 189; powers, 191; achieve- ments, 192-194; made per- manent, 195-196
Attorney General, 24
Augusta, 190, 224, 276, 282, 326-327, 340
Bailiffs, 139-140, 141, 200-201, 204, 212-213, 220-221 Barber, Rev. Jonathan, 291, 293, 329 "Bethany" Church, 341 Bethesda Orphanage, 288, et seq., 329 Bishop of London, 306-308
Board of Trade, 22-26, 77, 116-121, 123, 138, 139, 182- 186, 253
Boehler, Rev. Peter, 330 Bolzius, Rev. John Martin, 281, 334-337
Bosomworth, Rev. Thomas, ...
193, 278-279, 294, 322-323 Bray, Associates of Dr., 303, 305 Bull, Col. William, 66-67 Burnside, John, teacher, 284
Calwell, John, magistrate, 222 Carr (also spelled Care), Mark, 122, 205
Carteret, Lord, 53, 134, 226, 250, 252, 253, 254, 256 "Castle Builders," 60 Catechists, 280 Causton, Thomas, magistrate, 79, 115, 162, 163, 164, 218- 220, 312-314
Chancellor of Exchequer, 112, 122-124, 133
Charter, motives for granting, 17-21; process of securing, 22-24; creates open corpo- ration, 28; did Oglethorpe plan?, 60; membership and qualifications of Trustees, 98, et seq .; provisions as to
351
352
Index
executive, 137; legislative sections, 173-174; judiciary provisions, 198-199; land regulations, 226-227
Cherokees, 276 Chiffelle, Rev., 333
Christie, Thomas, recorder, 162, 163, 166
Church buildings, 338-341
Church of England, 29, 53, 294, 305-306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 326, 327 Clee vs. Minis, 209
Committees, 38 et seq., 85, 111-116, 130, 189, 190
Common Council, 35-37, 38-40, 41, 44, 49, 54, 55, 62, 89, 100, 101 et seq., 110-111, 113 et seq., 155, 161, 162, 187, 189, 198, 208, 250, 254, 257 et seq., 264-265
Conservators of peace, 201, 222, 224, 225 Constables, 200, 201
Control, imperial, 26-27
Cooper, Anthony Ashley (Earl of Shaftesbury), 51-52 Copp, Rev. Jonathan, 326- 327
Coram, Thomas, trustee, 60 Corporation, see Trustees
Correspondence, Committee of, 113, 115, 189, 190 Coweta, treaty of, 80, 85, 276 Creeks, 85, 275 et seq., 284- 285, 323
Customs, Commissioners of, 121-122
Darien, 223, 235, 236, 280, 282, 328-329
Dearne, John, magistrate, 219 Defense, Georgia to be a bar- rier, 21; assumed by Crown, 77-78; invasion of Florida, 86; Spanish repulsed, 86 Delamotte, Charles, teacher, 286-287
Dissenters, 53, 55, 294-295, 309
Dobell, John, teacher, 297-299 Driesler, Rev. John Ulrich, . 283, 336 Dyson, Rev., 327
Ebenezer, 73, 143, 190, 236, 276, 282, 334-336 Education, 208-302, see table of contents
Egmont, Earl of (Lord John Perceval), 44-46, 56, 82, 118 Executive authority, in Eng- land, 98-136, see table of contents; in Georgia, 137- 172, see table of contents Expenses, Oglethorpe's, 69-70; Causton displaced because of, 79; dispute about, 80-82, 91-92 Ewer, Anthony, 54
Fallowfield, John, magistrate, 220
353
Index
Fees, 217. Florida, invasion of, 86 Forfeitures, 244 et seq. Frederica, 73-75, 76, 147, 190, 222, 223, 224, 276, 283, 316- 317, 323, 336, 340 French mission, 332-333
Garden, Rev. Alexander, 307- 308, 320
"Gentleman's Magazine," 70- 71
Georgia, 19, 20, 21, 25, 27, 28, 31, 34, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 55, 60, 64, 65, 72, 73, 84, 85, 89, 90, 103, 115, 117, 124, 126, 131, 144, 151, 159, 167, 175, 180, 189, 193, 203, 205, 208, 224, 227, 239, 250, 251, 254, 269, 270, 275, 286, 302, 303, 317, 326, 334, 338, 341
Gibson, Bishop Edmund, 306- 307 Gilbert, Robert, magistrate,
219
Gordon, Peter, magistrate, 218- 219
Governor, Oglethorpe not, 64; mistake of Trustees, 95-96; none appointed, 139; presi- dent takes place of, 154-155 Gronau, Rev. Israel, 334-335
Habersham, James, teacher and magistrate, 169-172,
283, 287-288, 290, 291, 294, 320
Hagen, John, teacher, 286 Hales, Rev. Stephen, trustee, 50-51, 56
Harris, Francis, president of assembly, 192
Hawkins, Dr. Thomas, magis- trate, 221
Heathcote, George, trustee, 53 Heathcote, William, trustee, 53-54 Hebrews, 332
Herbert, Rev. Henry, 309
Heron, Lieut .- Col., 223
Hodges, Richard, magistrate, 218 Holt, Edward, teacher, 300- 302
Hooper, Edward, trustee, 54 Hopkins, Miss Sophia (Mrs. William Williamson), 312 et seq.
Horton, Major, 222, 223
House of Commons, 30; prison investigation, 58-59; support of Georgia, 124 et seq .; in- vestigation of Georgia, 130 et seq., 252
Hucks, Robert, trustee, 49-50
Indians, consent to the settle- ment of Savannah, 67-68; treaty of Coweta, 80, 85, 276; presents, 90; land grants, 275 et seq.
354
Index
Indian Trade, 76-77, 117-118, 145, 177-178, 316
Ingham, Rev. Benjamin, teach- er, 285-286
Instructions, to Secretary, 149 et seq .; to President and As- sistants, 155 et seq.
Irene, Indian school, 284-286
"Jerusalem" church, 341 Jews, 332
Jones, Noble, surveyor and magistrate, 163, 166-167, 261, 289
Jones, Thomas, magistrate, 220 Joubert, Peter, teacher, 299- 300
Judiciary, 198-225, see table of contents; town courts, 199; county courts, 202; provincial system, 203; sys- tem suspended, 204; court of equity sought, 204; ad- · miralty courts, 205; appeals, 206 et seq.
Juries, 215-216
King, 23, 24, 25, 26, 227
Land system, 226-279, see table of contents; land grants, 269-270
L'Apostre, Henry, trustee, 46- 47,56 Laroche, John, trustee, 49-50
Lawyers, excluded from Geor- gia, 213-214
Legislation, 173-197, see table of contents; initiated by Oglethorpe, 71-72; commit- tee on laws, 174-175; Indian trade, 177-179; rum act, 179- 180; slavery law, 180-181; proposed acts, 181; colonial assembly, 189 et seq.
Lembke, Rev. Herman Henry, 335-336 Lloyd, Samuel, trustee, 54 London, 18, 19
McLeod, Rev. John, 328-329
Magistrates, see also Bailiffs; not installed by Ogelthorpe at first, 69; not governed by him, 84, 86, 87, 88 Metcalf, Rev. William, 322 Monopoly of Indian trade, 194 Moravians, 223, 284-286, 329- 332
More, Robert, trustee, 175 Mulberry plants, 20, 194, 195, 240, 243, 244, 247 Munch, Chretien, 3, 333 Musgrove, Mary (Mrs. Thomas Bosomworth), interpreter, 67-68, 278-279
Negro slavery, forbidden, 180- 181; allowed, 186-187 Nitschman, Rev. David, 330 Norris, Rev. William, 319-322
355
Index
Oglethorpe, James, trustee, 57- 97, see table of contents; 31, 35, 38, 40, 51, 56, 98, 139, 141, 142, 147, 148, 152, 153, 167, 174, 176, 218, 221, 222, 257, 259, 263
Orphanage, 287 et seq.
Ortman, Christopher, teacher, 281-282 Orton, Rev. Christopher, 297, 322
Parker, Henry, magistrate and president, 163, 164-166 Pelhams, 133, 136
Perceval, John Lord Viscount (Earl of Egmont), trustee, 44-46, 56, 82, 118
Peryam, teacher, 290 "Political State of Great Britain," 60
Poor, state of those to be helped, 18-19
Presbyterians, 55, 328-329 President, appointed instead of governor, 153-155; powers, 155-157; powers shared with assistants, 157-158; execu- tive of whole colony, 158- 159; de facto powers in- crease, 161-162; Stephens, 167-169; Parker, 164- 165
Privy Council, 21, 22, 23, 24, 61, 116, 118, 138, 182, 198, 208, 209-212
Quincy, Rev. Samuel, 309-311 Quit rents, 112, 244, 245, 249 et seq. Quorum, 105-106
Rabenhorst, Rev. Christian, :
336
Recorder, 200
Register, 259-260
Religious work, 303-342, see table of contents Roman Catholics, 309
"Rules of 1735," 232-235, 251, 265 Rum, 118, 145, 146, 175-176, 179-180, 184-185
St. Julian, James, 141
Salaries, 144-145, 159-161, 338 - Salzburghers, 68, 73, 143, 144, 223, 277, 281, 282, 333-337, 341
Savannah, 66-67, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 223, 236, 272-273, 286, 297, 299, 311, 326, 338- 340
School made free, 298 Scott, Francis, 141, 163 Scottish Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 305, 328
Secretary, office created, 148; duties, 149-152; Stephens, 167-169; Habersham, 169- 171
356
Index
Seward, William, assistant of Whitefield, 290-291
Shaftesbury, Earl of (Anthony
Ashley Cooper), trustee, 51- 52, 56 Simms, teacher, 290
Size of land grants, 263 et seq.
Slavery, see also Negro Slav- ery; 82, 146, 156, 180, 194, 195, 236, 245, 248, 296 Sloper, William, trustee, 60 Smith, Rev. Samuel, trustee, 47, 56
Society for Promoting Chris- tian Knowledge, 281, 303, 333
Society for Propagation of Gospel, 43, 51, 59, 112, 283, 304, 305, 309, 323, 325, 326 South Carolina, 18, 21, 22, 63, 66, 67, 76-77, 82, 86, 90, 93, 117-118, 178-179, 189, 193, 264, 296, 307, 329
Spangenburg, Rev. Augustus Gottlieb, 330 Spanish, 21, 85, 86, 95
.
Stephens, Thomas, malcontent, 130-131, 242, 252
Stephens, William, secretary and president, 87, 93, 148, 167-169, 171, 237, 289, 316, 320
Storekeeper, an important of- fice, 142-143, 144 Surveyors, 261-262
Tail male, 228-230, 232-233, 240, 242, 248
Thunderbolt, 68 Tithingmen, 200 Tomochichi, 68, 275, 284
Tower, Thomas, trustee, 48-49, 174
Town court, 199-200 Town system, 272-274
Trade, one object of the col- ony, 19-21
Trustees, personnel, 29-56, see table of contents; number, 28, 31-34; bases for choos- ing, 29-30; attendance of members, 31-34; committee service, 38-39; leading men, 40-54; disagreements, 55; criticism of, 55-56; organi- zation, 101-102; powers as a corporation, 102; meetings, 105 et seq .; active commit- tees, 111 et seq .; disputes with Board of Trade, 116 et seq .; disagreement with Cus- toms officers, 121; Admiralty Board dispute, 122; appeal to Walpole and House of Commons for support, 124 et seq .; appeal to Wilmington, 130; defend Georgia in in- vestigation, 130-131; later appeals to Parliament, 132- 133; surrender of charter, 134; estimate of work, 135- 136; attempts to legislate,
357
Index
182 et seq .; activities in judicial matters, 205-206; changes in land laws, 235 et seq.
Uchees, 277 Urlsperger, Rev. Samuel, 34, 333, 334
Vernon, James, leading trus- tee, 32, 40-43, 56, 84-85, 153-154, 158, 175, 333 Vernonburgh, 43, 282 Von Reck, Baron, 333-334 Von Munch, Chretien, 34, 333
Walpole, Robert, 19, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 124 et seq. Waterland, William, magis- trate, 218 Watson, Joseph, case of, 209- 212
Wesley, Rev. Charles, 285, 316-317
Wesley, Rev. John, 285, 286, 311 et seq. Whitefield, Rev. George, 216, 283, 287 et seq .; 307-308, 318 et seq. Williamson, William, 214, 313 et seq. Wilmington, Earl of, 130
Yamacraws, 275 Yemassees, 21
Zinzendorf, Count, 330 "Zion" church, 341 Zouberbuhler, Rev. Bartholo- mew, 300, 324-326, 336, 338 Zubli, Rev. John Joachim, 324- 325, 336
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