USA > Georgia > The history of Georgia: containing brief sketches of the most remarkable events, up to the present day, Vol. I > Part 22
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22
Lastly-We promise with stout hearts and love to our brothers the English, to give no en- couragement to any other white people but them- selves, to settle amongst us, and that we will not- have any correspondence with the Spaniards or French, and to show that we both for the good of ourselves, our wives and children, do firmly pro- . mise to keep the the talk in our hearts, as long as the sun shall shine or the waters run in the rivers. We have each of us set the marks of our families.
361
APPENDIX.
Schedule of the prices of goods agreed on, annexed :
Two yards of stroud,
· Five buck-skins.
One yard of plains,
One ditto.
White blanket,
· Five ditto.
Blue ditto,
Three ditto.
A gun,
Ten ditto.
A pistol,
Five ditto.
A gun lock,
Four ditto.
Two measures of powder,
One® ditto.
Sixty bullets,
-Ditto ditto.
One white shirt,
Two ditto.
One knife,
One doe-skin.
Eighteen flints,
One buck-skin.
Three yards of cadiz,
One doe-skin. -
- Ditto ditto of gartering,
Ditto ditto.
One hoe,
Two buck-skins. .
One axe,
Ditto ditto:
One large hatchet,
Three doe-skins.
One small ditto, One buck-skin.
Brass kettles per lb.
Ditto ditto.
Doe-skins were estimated at half the value of the bucks.
And whereas the said trustees are greatly de- sirous to maintain and preserve an inviolable peace, friendship and commerce between the said head-men of the lower nation of Creeks, and the people of the said trustees, have sent and . shall send to inhabit and settle in the province of Georgia aforesaid, to endure to the worlds end.
Now know ye, that we the said trustees for Y 2
:
1
.
362
APPENDIX.
establishing the colony of Georgia in America, do by these presents, ratify and confirm the said articles of friendship and commerce, between the · trustees for establishing the colony of Georgia in. America, and the chief men of the lower Creeks, and all and every of the articles and agreements therein contained, and also the rates and prices of goods above mentioned, settled and agreed upon before the said head-men, and annexed to the said treaty of trade and friendship. In witness where- of, the common council of the said trustees, for establishing the colony of Georgia in America, have to these presents made fast the common seal of the corporation of the said trustees, the eighteenth day of October, in the seventh year of the reign of our sovereign lord, George the second, by the grace of God, of Great-Britain, France and Ireland, king, defender of the faith, &c. and in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and thirty-three.
By order of the said common council.
BENJAMIN MARTYN, Secretary.
1
-------- --
363
APPENDIX
No. 3 .- Refer to page 141.
Proceedings of the assembled estates of all the lower Creek nation, on saturday, the eleventh day of August, one thousand seven hundred and thirty-nine.
BY powers from his most sacred majesty George the second, by the grace of God, king of Great-Britain, France and Ireland, &c. General James Oglethorpe being appointed commissioner, was present in behalf of his majesty, and opened the assembly by a speech. There was also pre- sent at the said assembly of estates, Mico or chief king of the Coweta town, Chickeley Nenia Mico, of the said town, Malatche Mico, son of . Brim, late emperor of the Creek nation, and the chiefs and warriors of the Coweta town, and the Mico or king of the Cusetas, and Schisheligo Mico, next to the king of the Cusetas; Iskegio, third chief man of the Cusetas, and the other chief men and warriors of the said town ; and also Ochaohapko, one of the chief men of the town of Palachuckolas : Killatee, chief war captain, and other chief men and warriors, being deputies sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said town-Towmawme Mico of the Ufawles, with several other chief. men and warriors, being deputies sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said towns-Matalcheko was cap- tain of the Echeetees, with several other chief
1
$64
APPENDIX.
men and warriors, being sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said town-Neathaklo, chief man of the Owichees, with several other chief men and warriors, being deputies sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said town-Occullaviche, chief man of the Chehaws, with several other chief men and warriors, being deputies sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said town-Hewanawge Thaleekeo, chief man of the Oakmulgee, with several of the chief men and warriors, being deputies sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said town-The Mico, king of the Oconees, with several chief men and warriors, having full pow- ers to conclude all things for the said town- Neachackelo, second chief man of the Swagles, with several other chief men and warriors, being deputies sent with full powers to conclude all things for the said town.
The said estates being 'solemnly held in full convention, by general James Oglethorpe, on be- half of the trustees of the one part, and the kings, chiefs and warriors aforesaid, on the other part, according to the forms, religion and customs, transmitted down by their ancestors. The whole estates declared by general consent, without one negative, that they adhered to their ancient love to the king of Great-Britain, and to their a- . greement made in the year 1733, with the trus- tees, for establishing the colony of Georgia in America, a counterpart of which agreement was
2
.
.
365
1
APPENDIX.
then delivered to each town, and the deputies of the several towns produced the same : and the said estates further declared, that all the domi- nions, territories and lands from the river Savan- nah to the river St. John's, and all the islands between the said rivers; and from the river St. John's to the bay of Appalache, within which is the Appalache Old-fields ; and from the said bay of Appalache to the mountains, doth by ancient right belong to the Creek nation, who have main- tained possession of the said right against all op- posers, by war, and can show the heaps of bones of their enemies, slain by them in defence of the said lands. And they further declare, that the said Creek nation, hath for ages had the protec- tion of the kings and queens of England, and have gone to war by commissions from the gov- erners, appointed by the said kings and queens of England ; and that the Spaniards nor no other nation, have a right to any of the said lands, and that they will not suffer them or any other per- sons (excepting the trustees for establishing the colony of Georgia in America) to settle upon the said lands. And they do acknowledge the grant they have already made to the trustees, establish- ing the colony of Georgia in America, of the lands upon Savannah river, as far as the river Ogechee, and all the lands along the sea coast, as far as the river St. John's, and as high as the tide flows, and all the islands as far as the said riv- er, particularly the islands of Frederica, (meaning
.
366
APPENDIX.
!
St. Simon's) Cumberland and Amelia, to which they have given the names of his majesty, king George's family, out of gratitude to him. But they declare that they did and do reserve to the" Creek nation, the lands from Pipe-makers Bluff to Savannah, and the islands of St. Catharine's, Osabaw and Sapelo. And they further declare, that all the said lands are held by the Creek nation as tenants in common.
The said commissioners doth declare that the English shall not enlarge or take any other iand, except those granted as above by the Creek na- tion to the trustees, and doth promise and cov- enant that he will punish any person that shall intrude upon the lands which the corporation hath reserved as above.
Given under my hand and seal, at the Coweta town, this twenty-first day of August, anno domini, 1739.
JAMES OGLETHORPE.
By James Oglethorpe, esquire, general and com- mander in chief of all his majesty's forces in South-Carolina and Georgia, &c. To all his majesty's subjects to whom these presents shall come, greeting :
KNOW YE, that you are not to take up or settle any land beyond the above limits, settled by me with the Creek nation, at their estates held on
-
367
APPENDIX.
Saturday, the eleventh day of August, anno do- mini, 1739 : as you shall, through me, at your peril answer.
Given under my hand and seal, at the Coweta town, this twenty-first day of August, anno domini, 1739.
JAMES OGLETHORPE:
No. 4 .- Refer to page 214.
Frederica in Georgia, December 14th 1747. " KNOW all men by these presents, that we, Simpcopy war-king, of the Cowetas ; Thlockpa- lahi, head warrior of the said town; Moxumgi, king of the Etchitas ; Iswige, head warrior of the Etchitas, and Actithilki, beloved man of the said town; Ciocoliche, king of Osuchees ; Appalya and Ischaboagy, beloved men of Nipky, and Himmopacohi, warriors of the said town ; Tokeah, war-king of the Chehaws; Whyanneachi and Etowah, warriors of the said town ; Mahelabbi, beloved man of the Cusetas, and Scheyah, war- rior of the said town; and Estchothalleachi Yahulla Mico, of the Tiskugas : having full power by the laws of our nation, to conclude every thing for the towns we represent, do hereby ac- knowledge Malatche Opiya Mico, to be our rightful and natural prince. And we likewise further acknowledge that by the laws of our na-
368
APPENDIX.
tion, we think ourselves obliged to stand by, rati- fy and confirm, every act and deed of his, as much as if we ourselves were present, and we therefore make this public declaration to all sub- . jects of the crown of Great-Britain, that Malatche Opiya Mico has full power and authority as our natural prince, to transact all affairs relating to our nation, as firmly and fully, to all intents and purposes, as we the whole nation might or could do if present. In confirmation of which presents, we have hereunto set our hands, and affixed our seals in behalf of the different towns we represent, the day and date above written."
Signed and sealed in presence of
ALEXANDER HERON, JAMES MACKAY,
PATRICK HOUSTOUN, JOHN CALWELL,
THOMAS WALKER, THOMAS CLEMENS.
The above was signed and sealed by the In- dians whose names are thercin mentioned, proved by Alexander Heron, before Charles Wright, a justice of the peace in South-Carolina, on the 2nd of January 1748, and recorded in the secretary's office of that state, in book G. G. folio 239, by William George Freeman, deputy-secretary of state.
-
-
INDEX.
CHAPTER I.
Page
INTRODUCTORY observations to the History of Georgia, 1
Sir Walter Raleigh, the reputed discoverer, 2
His conference with an Indian chief, 3
The territory included in a patent with South-Carolina, and the policy of a new colony, 4
Territorial disputes with the Spaniards, and a black regi- ment formed in Augustine, 5
Commissioners meet to settle the boundaries, but disagree, ib.
Fort Barrington built on the Alatamaha, 6
Runaway negroes encouraged and protected at Augustine, 7
Charter granted by George the second, to twenty-one trus- tees, on the 9th of June 1732, 8
Lord Parcival president. Trustces' names 9
Regulations for the settlement of Georgia, 10
A brief sketch of the charter, 11
Trustees meet in July 1732, and frame rules for the settle- ment,
16
Arrange the plan of settlement,
17
Stipulations with the adventurers, 19
Georgia a barrier to South-Carolina. Tenures of land in tail male,
20
Protestant religion to be encouraged. Tenures of land to freeholders,
21
Negroes not to be employed. Private contributions solicited,
22
Trustees accountable for expenditures,
23
Regulations for disbursements,
24
Common seal made, 25
Silk and wine to be the staple, 27
Preparations for embarkation, 23
Oglethorpe embarks with the settlers for Georgia, in No- vember 1732, 29
z 2
* 370
INDEX.
CHAPTER II.
Page
Oglethorpe's arrival and reception in Charleston, in Janua- ry 1733, 30
His visit to Yamacraw Bluff, where he lays out the town of Savannah, 31
Ilis letters to the trustees, 32
Commences his buildings and other improvements, 33
Negociations with Tomochichi, an old Indian king,
Treats with him for land,
Three islands and other lands excepted, 37
Alliance, amity and commerce,
38
Expences. Trustees', garden and fortifications,
39
Parliamentary appropriations, .
40
High drawn picture of the new colony, 41
Bad effects of it, 42
Oglethorpe returns to England, and is accompanied by To- mochichi and his family, 43
Tomochichi's speech to the king, and the king's reply, 44
The Indians return to Georgia, 45
Regulations for the Indian trade,
46
The use of ardent spirits prohibited by law,
48
Communication opened to Augusta, 49
Trade with the western Indians, 50
Boltzius on diseases and their causes. 51
Justice Causton's arbitrary procedure, 52
His treatment of captain Watson, 53 ·
Attempts to make silk and wine, 55
Lands forfeited for felony and treason, 56
Some of the colonists abandon their settlements, and remove to Carolina, 57
De Leon cultivates Oporto and Malaga grapes, 58
Provision made for the colonists, 59
Land taxed ten years after it is granted,
Provision made for servants, 60
62
Appropriations by parliament,
63
New regulations for the Indian trade, 6.4
Oglethorpe returns to Georgia, lays off several towns, and builds fortifications, 65
Acquisition of colonists. Rev. John Wesley arrives, 66
His conduct and character, taken from his journal, by his biographers, 67
.
.
INDEX. 371
Ile decamps from Savannah,
69
A sketch of his character, after he was converted,
70
Oglethorpe's treaty with the governor of East Florida,~ 72
Fort George evacuated, 74
An unexpected and ineffectual conference with a Spanish Commissioner,
76
Oglethorpe embarks for England,
77
The trustees' petition to the king for military aid to the new colony, 78
A regiment granted. Oglethorpe appointed commander in .
chief of Carolina and Georgia, 79
, Justice Causton s dispute with a Carolina trader, 80
Wesley's extravagant description of Georgia,
81
The colonists' petition to the trustees for a change of mea- sures, 84
. Counter petitions from Darien and Ebenezer, 90
. Comments on the plan of settlement, 97
Proper articles for cultivation in the first instance, 99
CHAPTER III.
Prospect of war with Spain, 101
Preparations for war at Augustine, 102
Oglethorpe's regiment arrives in Georgia, 103
The Spanish governor's ineffectual efforts to seduce the Indians, 104.
The Indians visit Oglethorpe at Frederica, 105
Anonymous letter to general Oglethorpe, 106
His great exertions for the prosperity of the colony, 118
Brewery established on Jekyl island, 119
Fraud practised against the trustees, 120
· Dispute with Carolina respecting the Indian trade, 121
Illegal claims by the grand jury, 122
'Treason in Oglethorpe's camp, '
123
His life endangered. Mutiny quelled, and the conspirators executed, 124
Insurrection in Carolina, 125
Regiment of negroes completed in Augustine, 126
Insurrection quelled. War declared against Spain, 127
Population and expenditures, 128
Letter from the trustees, 129
. A change of magistrates, 131
-
-
Page
372
INDEX.
Page
New regulations,
132
Dissatisfactory and not understood,
140
Oglethorpe visits the Indian towns,
141
Forms a treaty of alliance with them,
142
Georgia menaced with war from Augustine, 143
An attack against Augustine projected, 144
Advances to Florida, and takes fort Diego,
145
Fort Moosa evacuated. Description of the castle, 146
Disposition for a seige, 147
Summons to surrender-Refusal, 148
Colonel Palmer surprised and defeated,
149
Augustine reinforced, 150
Seige raised, and Oglethorpe returns to Frederica,
151
CHAPTER IV.
Reflections on Oglethorpe's conduct, by an anonymous writer, 152 Comments on it, -157
Rev. George Whitefield arrives in Georgia, 159
His piety and benevolence, 160
161
Orphan-house burned,
162
Whitefield's character and life,
163
His death, 167
James Habersham takes charge of the Orphan-house, 168
His comments on the institution, 169
Description of Frederica, 170
Fortifications on Jekyl and Cumberland,
172
The Spanish demand for Georgia renewed,
173
Oglethorpe prepares for defence,
174
Applies to South-Carolina for assistance, .175 ·
Spaniards attack fort William, 176
Dangerous situation of Oglethorpe, 177
Spanish fleet enter the harbor, and land,
178
Oglethorpe returns to Frederica,
179
In three successive engagements the Spaniards are de- feated, 180
A successful stratagem, 183
The enemy defeated at Bloody-march, 185
The Spaniards retire and attack fort William, 187
Brave defence by ensign Steuart, 188
Impolitic conduct of Carolina, 189
.
His Orphan-house,
373
INDEX.
Page
Spanish commander disgraced,
190
Enemy defeated on St. John's river,
191
Several addresses to Oglethorpe,
192
Charges against him by colonel Cook,
194
Oglethorpe tried, acquitted, and Cook dismissed,
195
The forces employed at Frederica, 196
Death of Tomochichi. Civil government established,
19
Part of Oglethorpe's regiment disbanded,
199
Low state of the province, ·
200
CHAPTER V.
1
Major Horton left in command,
202
Magazine blown up at Frederica,
203
Bounties offered on wine and silk,
204
Habersham's letter to Boltzius.
205
Slavery introduced,
206
Opinions on slavery,
207
A convention ordered by the trustees,
209
Major Horton's death,
210
Lady Huntingdon's donation,
211·
Demetre's dispute with the council,
212
Rev. T. Bosomworth and his queen Mary,
213'
Malatche appointed emperor,
214
Land granted to the pretended princess,
215
Mary Bosomworth's character,
216
She threatens the destruction of the colony,
217
'The president prepares for defence,
218
The Indians arrive in Savannah,
219
Mary demands the country,
220
Bosomworth and Mary confined,
221
Malatche's fickle temper,.
222
His speech,
223
The president's reply,
225
Bosomworth and Mary threaten vengeance against the colony, 227
Timely interference of Bosomworth's brother, 229
The difficulty temporarily settled,
230
The first general assembly called,
231
Vice-president Parker's address,
232
The members from each district, 233
Subjects for discussion, 234
.
374
INDEX.
Bosomworth renews his claims,
235
Returns to England and commences 2 suit,
236
Death of the royal trio,
237
Manufacture of silk encouraged,
238
War with the Cherokees, 239
Quaker settlement west of Augusta, abandoned, 1
240
Distresses of the inhabitants near Augusta, 241
Preparations for defence, 242
Hostages detained by the Cherokees, 243
Quarrel between the Cherokees and Notteweges,
244
Cherokees attacked at Yamacraw, 245
President Parker's judicious determination, 246
Trustees resign their charter, 20th of June 1752, 247
John Reynolds appointed governor,
248
Troubles between Malatche and the Cherokees,
249
Royal government established. Noble Jones and Jonathan
Bryan appointed judges, 250 V
Exports and agriculture. Henry Ellis succeeds John Rey- nolds as governor of Georgia, 251
Indigo and rice cultivated, 252
Governor Ellis's remarks on the climate, 253
Healthy on the sea coast,
254
Districts formed into parishes in 1758. Sunbury laid out by Mark Carr, 255
Mortality amongst the first settlers, .
256
CHAPTER VI.
An unfortunate quarrel between the Virginians and Chero- kces.
257
Cherokee war encouraged by the French, . 258
Fort Loudon besieged. Frontiers attacked. Treaty at fort Prince-George, 259
Occonostota's treachery, 260
Captain Coytmore killed. Indian hostages murdered, 261
Dreadful effects of the war. General Amherst solicited for relief, 262
Colonel Montgomery arrives in Charleston, and marches against the Cherokees, 253
Burned several Indian towns and returned to fort Prince- George, 261
Marched into the nation, and attacked near Etchoe-town, 265
Page
-
---
INDEX. 375
Severe battle with the Indians,
Page .266
Indians defeated. Montgomery returns to fort Prince-George, 267
Siege of fort Loudon continued, 268
The garrison capitulates, 269
Treachery of the savages, 270
The troops murdered and taken prisoners, 271
Occonostota lays a plan to take fort George, and demands the aid of captain Steuart, 272
Extraordinary instance of Indian friendship, 273
Captain Steuart makes his escape, arrives in Virginia, and compensates his deliverer, 274
War continues. Efforts made to ransom the prisoners, 275
Hostilities encouraged by French emissaries, 276
Col. Grant.ordered to the relief. of the southern provinces, 277
His expedition against the Cherokees, 278
Attakullakulla's desire for peace, 279
Colonel Grant marches against the enemy, 280
He is attacked by a large body of, Indians, 281
Defeats them and burns their towns, 282
Returns to fort Prince-George, 283
Treaty of peace concluded,
284
Sir James Wright succeeds Henry Ellis as governor. Le- gislature at Savannah, 285
Character of Reynolds and Ellis, 286
East Florida surrendered to the British government, 287
Bounties in land, granted to Oglethorpe's regiment, 288
Georgia begins to flourish, 289
CHAPTER VII.
Alliances with Indians impolitic, 290
Captain John Steuart appointed superintendent of Indian
affairs in the southern department, 291 V
A general convention of the Indians at Mobile,
292
Steuart's masterly address to them in a speech, . 293
His talents and vigilance, 300
Treaty between the four southern provinces "and all the southern tribes of Indians, at Augusta, 301
Acquisition of territory. Progress of agriculture, 302
Four additional. parishes laid off. Barker's claim for land established,
376
INDEX.
Page
Disturbance with the Creek Indians. Lemons's store robbed
at Traders hill, 304
Cameron appointed superintendent of the Cherokees, 305
Appropriations for the mutiny act, 306.
Doctor Franklin appointed agent to the court of Great-Bri- tain. His advice to the Colonists, 307
Offensive acts of the British parliament, 308
Letter from the late speaker of the general assembly, 309
Meeting of the legislature, 310-
Declaration of their rights,
311.
Resolutions to support them, 313
The British ministry promise redress, 316
Prospect of war with Spain, 317
Dispute between governor Wright and the assembly, 318
Wright embarks for England, 319
Life of general Oglethorpe, 321
Life of lady Huntingdon, 327
APPENDIX.
The charter for the settlement of Georgia, 329
Oglethorpe's first treaty with the Indians, 357
His second treaty with several tribes of Indians, 363
Malatche's imperial commission, S67
------
-
--
---
F 867. 54
5030
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.