USA > Iowa > Monroe County > An illustrated history of Monroe County, Iowa > Part 25
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284
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
To be the owner of land adds dignity to citizenship. He is a "free-holder," and enjoys rights and privileges of fran- chise not accorded to those who are not owners of realty. He can borrow money and secure the loan by real estate security, when others could not negotiate the same loan, though they offered the most abundant security in the nature of personal effects. Security for the loan of school or other public funds must be based on real estate. It is property which thieves cannot break in and steal, nor moth corrupt.
Bec Culture.
Bee culture, as a commercial industry, has within recent years been occupying the attention of a few of the farmers throughout the county. Ever since the country was first settled, the people have kept a few colonies of bees for home consumption of honey, but, beyond supplying their own tables, the enterprise has been attended with varying re- sults-in most instances with failure.
The methods pursued by the bee-keepers of former years were very primitive. The common form of a bee-hive was a section of a hollow log about four feet long, and any diameter from a foot up to two feet. About midway in this "gum" two cross-sticks were inserted as a support for the honeycomb. A broad board was nailed over one end of the "gum," as a roof, and the bottom end was left open. To get at the honey, the bee-man took the family ax, and with its edge pried up the cover sufficiently to blow smoke into the hive. As soon as the smoke reaches a bee it capitulates, but before this stage of the attack, the farmer expected to get stung a half-dozen times at least, for the slightest jarring of the hive will bring a horde of intrepid warriors from out the hive. He did not seriously object to their stinging him if they did it in a satisfactory way, but they would never do that; they would invariably crawl up his pant-legs, and, be- fore getting in their work, strike terror into the heart of the farmer by a kind of premonitory humming. The agony of this suspense was further increased by the sensation pro- duced by the bee climbing slowly up his bare leg. A man with a strong heart and iron nerve could sometimes stand this; but when a bee got into his whiskers, he grew panicy and his iron nerve ran riot. His first instinct was to call to his wife for assistance, but invariably she remained at her
285
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
post in the kitchen door, laughing at him until with a wild vell he broke for some neighboring shrubbery, followed by a train of winged pursuers. Sometimes he never ventured back to replace the cover on the "gum."
APIARY OF C. H. CLARK.
Then, if he did not succeed in subdning the bees, he spoiled the honey in digging it out of the hive with a knife and spoon, and usually drowned half the bees in the torrents
286
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
of honey flowing from the lacerated comb. Honey in this condition was, of course, unfit for market; and he only aimed to produce enough for home consumption.
Later, when patent hives were introduced, they were all more or less unsatisfactory, and did not conform to the instincts of the bee.
Within recent years, however, the bee-live has been highly perfected, and the bee industry, which is still practi- cally in its infancy, in Monroe County, is already achieving gratifying results.
C. H. Clark, a son of the late Wareham G. Clark, and who resides five or six miles southwest of Albia, has no doubt pursued the industry with the most conspicuous success of any bee-keepers in the county. He has at present from 40 to 60 colonies, but intends to increase the number to at least 100. He has his apiary on 88 acres of land, and estimates that on an area of 6 square miles 100 colonies of bees could be successfully maintained. He uses a nine-frame hive, and his experience has evolved some very important facts. He nses a square frame instead of one rectilinear in form. His reasons for adopting this form of frame are: the queen bee invariably builds her cell in the center, and for some reason, best known to the bee itself, bees build their supply of honey above the queen's apartment, and leave the lower portion for brood-cells and bee-bread. When Mr. Clark finds the upper half of the frame filled with honey, he removes the frame and turns it upside down, and by thus shifting the position of the frame until all four sides have been in their turn changed, the bees are forced to build in the boxes above, when they would otherwise have selected the frames.
From Mr. Clark's experience, he has determined that 100 colonies will produce 6,000 pounds of honey in a season. He sells his honey at from 10 cents to 20 cents per pound. If his product averaged 15 cents per pound at wholesale. 100 colonies would yield him a profit of $900 annually. Forty acres of land would be all the land necessary, and he could follow farming besides. He could sow say 10 acres of buck- wheat to facilitate his bees in their honey-gathering, but they would not be altogether dependent on that, as the forest bloom, such as basswood, white clover, fruit blossoms, field clover, and the wilderness of asters, golden rod, and other vellow wild flowers that bloom in early autumn along fence- rows, highways, and stubble-fields, usually make abundant
287
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
food for bees. Of course there would be seasons through which he would have to feed his bees perhaps all winter.
Mr. Clark has two varieties of bees, the Italian and Cari- nolia. He thinks the Italian is the best, because it can reach the honey cavity in a large proportion of the red field clover bloom. The Carinolia is a bee imported from Austria, and he considers this variety next best, having in his apiary about 20 colonies.
The first to engage in bee culture in this county was Peter Brown. Oaks and Bachelor next started an apiary, but soon abandoned the enterprise.
Within recent years R. B. Arnold, of Urbana Township, has been pursuing the industry quite successfully in con- nection with horticulture and farming. He has 30 colonies, and intends to keep on increasing the number.
Henry Burner, Austin Jay. L. Snow, David Kenworthy, Alfred Weilman, and others are successful bee-raisers in Monroe County.
Mr. Clark, whose judgment in all practical matters can be fully relied on, states that from his personal experi- ence, bee culture in Monroe County can be made a highly remunerative industry, and he earnestly recommends its investigation.
Political.
The political cast of Monroe County for many years has been pretty evenly divided, the two dominant parties being the Republican and Democratic parties.
For many years there has also been a third party within the county, known under various names, such as the Green- back party. Union Labor party, Prohibition party, and Populist party of the present time.
These various third party organizations, save the Pro- hibitionists, derive most of their recruits from the Demo- cratic party ; hence they have exhibited a more cordial feeling towards the latter party than towards the Republican party, and it is not uncommon for the Democratic party and the third party, whatever it may be, to fuse on a county ticket. When this course is taken, the Republican party is often in a slight minority; but when all three parties bring out a separate local ticket, then the Republicans are in the ascendency. The increased mining population has added strength to the Populist party of the present time, since
288
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
a large majority of the miners favor the Populist doctrine. The Democratic and Populist parties were of about equal strength in the earlier part of 1896, but later in the season the free silver agitation, then at its height, drew many Democrats into the Populist ranks, and left the Democratic party third in rank.
The following official tables show the strength of the respective political parties in the county from 1889 to 1895. The vote was on State officers.
1895.
Drake.
Babb.
Crane.
Pleasant. .
88
48
42
Bluff Creek
117
25
31
Union . .
95
72
22
Cedar. .
51
50
46
Wayne ..
26
61
24
Georgetown (precinct)
26
40
22
Hiteman (precinct) . .
104
33
164
Troy ..
142
30
63
Albia, 1st Ward.
84
30
21
6
2d Ward.
94
45
17
3d Ward.
62
15
12
66
4th Ward.
92
35
37
Mantua. . .
79
14
24
Avery (precinct) .
64
10
105
Urbana ..
55
62
33
Hilton (precinct)
57
54
18
Foster (precinct).
30
30
74
Franklin.
39
50
36
Jackson ..
62
136
14
Total.
1367
848
805
1894.
McFarland.
Dale.
Crane.
Pleasant . .
134
58
69
Bluff Creek. .
131
23
23
Union .
113
80
29
Cedar.
67
52
56
Wayne ..
32
71
16
Georgetown (precinct)
32
54
16
Hiteman (precinct).
111
24
167
Troy ..
131
26
65
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
289
McFarland.
Dale.
Crane.
Albia, 1st Ward.
104
26
17
2d Ward ..
116
24
24
3d Ward. .
62
13
12
4th Ward.
95
32
34
Mantua ..
S1
12
29
Avery (precinct) .
S1
11
125
Urbana ..
58
68
27
Foster (precinct) ..
45
22
73
Hilton (precinct).
74
41
18
Franklin.
61
54
38
Jackson.
70
137
8
Total.
. . 1618
832
S46
1893.
Jackson.
Boies.
Joseph.
Pleasant. .
117
83
32
Bluff Creek .
126
31
10
Union . .
85
SO
23
Cedar. .
48
68
22
Wayne ..
38
75
11
Georgetown (precinct)
28
56
13
Hiteman (precinct) . .
100
29
132
Troy ..
147
39
52
Albia, 1st Ward.
95
35
16
2d Ward.
102
48
20
3d Ward.
40
18
S
4th Ward. .
96
40
28
Mantua.
136
44
108
Urbana ..
57
83
29
Foster (precinct).
45
37
65
Hilton (precinct)
78
41
16
Franklin .
39
59
30
Jackson.
74
130
8
Total.
1451
996
623
1892.
Cummings.
Witmer. 107
Joseph.
95
34
128
. 41
9
Pleasant .. Bluff Creek. .
19-
290
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Cummings.
Witmer. 75
16
Union . .
103
105
25
Wayne. .
30
77
14
Georgetown (precinct).
37
60
14
Hiteman (precinct). .
93
45
125
Troy. . .
143
44
69
Albia, 1st Ward.
103
37'
12
2d Ward. .
107
46
13
3d Ward ..
45
20
4
4th Ward.
96
51
15
Mantua.
145
39
117
Urbana . ..
55
107
15
Hilton (precinct)
50
17
Foster (precinct).
51
33
40
Franklin
59
81
8
Jackson. .
73
151
3
Total.
1501
1169
550
1891.
Wheeler.
Boies.
Westfall.
Pleasant. .
89
126
11
Bluff Creek. .
148
53
1
Union .
104
126
4
Cedar. .
82
98
1
Wayne. .
41
74
0
Georgetown (precinct)
16
87
5
Hiteman (precinct).
74
70
18
Troy ..
150
71
53
Albia, 1st Ward.
112
55
3
2d Ward ..
99
46
10
" 3d Ward.
54
24
1
4th Ward. .
93
77
4
Mantua. .
161
75
74
Urbana ..
56
110
3
Hilton (precinct) .
86
55
2
Foster (precinct).
47
40
17
Franklin.
72
88
0
Jackson. .
75
154
1
Total ..
1559
1429
208
Joseph.
Cedar. .
60
291
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
1890.
McFarland. Chamberlain.
Brown.
Pleasant ..
89
108
9
Bluff Creek.
125
53
7
Union . .
108
111
4
Cedar ..
93
3
Wayne ..
34
76
1
Georgetown (precinct).
25
SO
Hiteman (precinct).
55
46
10
Troy. .
Albia, 1st Ward.
103
48
1
2d Ward. .
106
41
..
3d Ward ..
48
18
0
..
4th Ward. .
89
61
4
Mantua. .
140
95
20
Urbana . .
62
112
4
Hilton (precinct) .
84
49
4
Foster (precinct)
46
28
25
Franklin.
60
73
2
Jackson.
68
155
1
Total.
1494
1325
125
1889.
Hutchinson.
Boies.
Downing.
Pleasant ..
102
150
6
Bluff Creek ..
128
49
9
Union . .
105
111
5
Cedar. .
67
77
2
Wayne ..
35
61
1
Guilford.
42
90
0
Troy. .
148
SG
13
Albia, 1st Ward.
101
41
1
2d Ward.
93
47
1
3d Ward.
48
22
0
..
4th Ward.
87
52
8
Mantua. .
146
93
19
Urbana. .
55
110
7
Monroe. .
100
82
Franklin.
63
63
0
Jackson.
65
134
1
Total.
1385
126S
78
172
23
292
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
In the foregoing tables the first column of figures denote the Republican vote; the second, the Democratic; and the third, the third party vote. The figures given for 1892 were for presidential electors.
At the general election of 1895, the Republican vote for Governor, in Monroe County, fell 54 votes short of the number cast for the Lieutenant-Governor on the same ticket; Parrott receiving 1421 votes. During that campaign, there was also a Prohibition vote in the county of 112 votes. A majority of these were drawn from the Republican party. There were three county tickets in the field-viz., the Republican, Populist, and Democratic tickets. D. H. Scott, the Republican nominee for Representative, received 1440 votes; McCauley, Populist, 908; and Campbell, Demo- cratic; 720.
In 1894 the Democrats and Populists of Monroe County united their forces, but the Republicans carried the county against their combined vote. McCahan, Republican nominee for Clerk of the District Court, received 1727 votes; and Moore, the fusion candidate, 1588 votes.
In 1893 the People's party took the "middle of the road" and nominated a county ticket of their own. The vote that year for Representative was: Jay, Republican, 1475; Moss, Democrat, 894; Clarkson, People's party, 773.
In 1892, also, there were three local tickets in the field for a part of the offices to be filled. MeCahan, Republican, for Clerk of the District Court, received 1483 votes; Wyatt, Democrat, received 1205; and Bates, People's party, 524. John R. Clark was elected Auditor by a fusion vote of the People's party and Democrats. Morrissey was also elected Recorder by Democrats and Populists.
The Democrats and People's party fused in 1891, but the Republicans elected their ticket in the face of the united opposition. Jay, Republican, received 1601 votes; and Pettit, fusion candidate, 1587.
In 1890 the Democrats and People's party advocates united their strength against the Republicans, but were defeated by the latter. The vote on Clerk of the District Court was: Griffin, Republican, 1666; Forster, fusionist, 1224.
Manufacturing.
Monroe County contains one manufacturing concern of considerable magnitude-viz., the Western Manufacturing
293
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Company. This plant is located at Albia, and was estab- lished in January, 1895. It incorporated under the State laws, with an authorized capital stock of about $50,000. The amount paid in, however, falls below that sum. It or- ganized with the following officers: Fred Townsend, presi- dent : W. S. Scott, vice-president; J. R. Clark, secretary and treasurer; W. S. Scott, H. I. Clark, O. F. Smith, Chas. Israel, and E. C. Hulbert, directors.
0
D
WESTERN MANUFACTURING CO. ALBIAVIA. PUMPS. HAY STACKERS LOADERS RAKES MACHINERY ETC.
WORKS OF THE WESTERN MANUFACTURING COMPANY, ALBIA, IOWA.
The plant was located at Osceola, Iowa, prior to its organization in Monroe County, but as this county offered better transportation and fuel facilities, a local organization was formed of Monroe County gentlemen, the machinery was brought here and increased facilities added to the new organization. The company builds a very popular pattern of hay-ricker and rake; they also manufacture iron pumps of a high grade, and other mechanical sundries.
The company has not been in operation long enough here to solve the problem of whether a manufacturing plant will succeed in Albia or not. The greatest obstacle which inland manufacturing enterprises have to encounter is the
294
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
large establishments of the manufacturing centers, whose un- limited capacity enables them to reduce all expenses to a minimum. Having this advantage, they are enabled to place their products before consumers at a price which will drive the smaller competitor into bankruptcy. The superior merits of the products of the Western Manfacturing Com- pany, however, may achieve for the company a fair degree of prosperity. The concern usually employs from fifteen to twenty men. Its management is in the hands of staunch and reliable business men.
ALBIA CANNING COMPANY.
ALBIA CANNING FACTORY, ALBIA, IOWA.
The Albia canning factory was organized in 1894 as a joint stock company, incorporated under the laws of the State. Its authorized capital stock was $21,000, of which amount $10,500 was paid up. The company was under the management of eleven directors: E. W. Byers, Ed. A. Can- ning, John R. Duncan, Max Loeb, J. S. Moon, A. A. Mason, John Forster, C. C. Acheson, C. W. Smallwood, J. C. Robo- son, and Tom D. Lockman. E. W. Byers was president. Chas. W. Smallwood secretary, and J. S. Moon treasurer.
295
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Owing to the crop failure of 1894, the management con- cluded to not operate the factory that summer. On accept- ing the plant from the contractors, the directors started the machinery to see that everything was in good working order. Everything appeared satisfactory, and the company received the plant. On starting up in 1895, for the first time, it was found that the machinery, and especially the engine, was not set properly, and some expense was incurred in readjusting it. A well was also lacking, also piping and other fixtures, to supply all of which cost the company nearly a thousand dollars.
The machinery for working corn did not work satisfac- torily the first season, and a large quantity of the canned product spoiled. Then the company paid the farmers- more for the corn than they ought to have done in order to realize any profit on it. The result was that at the end of the first season's operations the company found itself $2,000 poorer than in the beginning. This, with the additional outlay in- curred by supplying the well and meeting other deficiencies, discouraged the stockholders, and at a meeting it was or- dered that the factory be sold to pay off the indebtedness. . It was bought for $3,000 by Messrs. JJohn Ralston, Max Loeb. . S. Moon, G. H. Hobson, Tom D. Lockman, and R. O. Cramer, who are the present directors and proprietors.
The concern continues its charter as an incorporated body, and its capital stock is fixed at $3,000. all of which is fully paid up. It is establishing itself on a prosperous basis at present, and is under the management of R. O. Cramer.
Albia also contains a drain-tile factory, but it is not in operation at the present time. It is under the management of J. W. Harvey. It is not in a flourishing condition, owing to inability on the part of the proprietor to find a steady market for the product of the factory.
296
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
CHAPTER XVII.
Towns and Villages.
Albia, the present county seat of Monroe County, was first incorporated as a town in 1856, though in the summer of 1845 John Massy surveyed the town site when it was known as Princeton. The place at present contains a little more than 2,500 population. As we have stated elsewhere, John Stephenson claimed the quarter-section on which the village was located. He was the first settler in the neigh- borhood.
The original plat contained but two wards, defined by the alleys running north and south from the Square in the center of the plat.
Josephi B. Teas was Mayor, and Robt. E. Craig was Recorder; Aldermen-East Ward, Joseph H. Halbrook and Samuel Buchanan; West Ward, Samuel Hebrew and Daniel McIntosh.
Mock's and Gray's Additions were included in 1859, and Mason and Koontz's, or South Park Addition, was added in 1892 or 1893.
In 1848 the village of Albia was chiefly a grass-plat. The public park in the center of the Square was a tangled mass of wild grass and "shoe-string" willows. John Marck and family lived in a little frame building on the southeast corner, where the Albia Union office now stands. Then about half way across the Square, on the south side, stood the shanty of Dr. Warrick. On the west were the little sheds occupied by Messrs. Park, Harrow, and Buchanan. On the east were Scott Arnold and the court-house, and on the northeast corner was Dan Richardson's.
One block north of the northeast corner of the Square, on the site owned for many years by Dr. Lambert stood the little log jail. Just north of the jail stood the residence of A. C. Barnes.
John Webb was also one of the first settlers of the town, and kept in his house a small quantity of goods.
At the present time the following is nearly a complete list of business firms of Albia:
297
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Anderson & Hollingshead, grocers, east side of Square; the present firm has been doing business for ten years.
Robb Brothers, grocers, east side of Square; in business for thirty years.
Miss A. C. Young, general merchandise, east side of Square; in business five years.
D. A. Maiken, general merchandise. east side of Square; in business eight years.
W. K Hardenbrook, harness, buggies, etc., east side of Square; in business twenty-two years.
-
-
NORTH SIDE SQUARE, ALBIA, IOWA.
John E. Waugh, meat market, east side of Square; in business two years.
S. K. Smith, barber, east side of Square; in business ten years.
Chas. Claver, second-hand goods, east side of Square: in business twelve years.
Fred Stucky, shoemaker, east side of Square: in busi- ness thirty years.
W. W. Menach, barber, Benton Street; in business thirty years.
298
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Anderson & Gray, marble dealers, Benton Street; in business two years.
I. S. Jones, blacksmith, Benton Street; in business thirty-one years.
Henry Johnson, meat market, Benton Street; in busi- ness seventeen years.
Samuel T. Craig, grocer, Benton Street; in business fifteen years.
J. O. Varner, grocer, Benton Street; in business ten years.
-
EAST SIDE SQUARE, ALBIA, IOWA
E. Dougherty & Son, furniture and undertaking, north- east corner of Square; in business twenty-three years.
J. T. Arnold, Star Laundry, Main Street; in business one and one-half years.
R. Simpson, pumps, coal, and grain, Main Street; in business many years.
Chas. Olson, general repairing and upholstering. Main Street; in business twelve years.
Electric Light and Power Company, A. R. Jackson, pro- prietor.
299
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Royal A. Adams, blacksmith and implements, Main Street. (See further mention near end of this volume.)
B. W. Crabb, blacksmith, Jefferson Street; in business one year.
O. C. Palmer, livery, Jefferson Street; in business four years.
L. A. MeCreary, livery and feed, Jefferson Street, in busi- ness sixteen years.
T. C. Ballew. lumber, JJefferson Street; in business five years.
WEST SIDE SQUARE, ALBIA, IOWA.
JJas. Dyson, restaurant, Jefferson Street; in business six months.
Harry Smith, Eureka Chop-House, Wall Street; in busi- ness three years.
Thomas & Rosser, grocers, Wall Street; in business ten years.
N. A. Anderson, pumps and general repairing, Wall Street; in business five years. (See further mention near end of this volume.)
300
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Mark M. Baker, proprietor, New Cramer Hotel; in busi- ness six months.
S. S. Pill, restaurant, Wall Street; in business two years.
Preston & Israel, merchant tailors; in business one year. Scott & Milligan, barbers; in business one year.
Tobey & Anderson, cigar manufacturers; in business three years.
W. A. Alford, merchant tailor; in business one and one- half years.
G. W. Hartsuck, meat market; in business four years.
J. Roberts, druggist, north side of Square; in business five years.
D. C. Johnson, millinery and ladies' furnishing goods, north side of Square; in business five years.
Cal Koontz, jeweler, north side of Square; in business . twenty-one years.
C. L. Nelson, insurance, north side of Square; in busi- ness thirty years.
Skean & Zook, furniture and undertaking, north side of Square; in business five years.
E. Skean, grocer, north side of Square; in business fourteen years.
F. E. Dawson, photographer, north side of Square; in business two years.
Chris. Rudd, baker and restaurant, Wall Street.
Abe Goodman, clothier, north side of Square; in busi- ness eight years.
W. H. Kreger, bakery, north side of Square; in business four years.
C. S. Barger, hardware, north side of Square; in busi- ness two years.
M. W. Duncan, books and stationery, north side of Square; in business nine and one-half years.
J. C. Morrison, druggist, north side of Square; in busi- ness twenty-nine years.
G. N. Ewers, boots and shoes; present business two years.
Henry Varner, harness-maker, south side of Square; in business one year.
Joseph McInnis, grocer, south side of Square; in present business one year.
301
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Curtis Mock, Vienna Bakery, south side of Square; in business two months.
R. O. Cramer, dry goods, south side of Square; in busi- ness twenty-nine years.
G. W. Cramer, merchant tailor, south side of Square; in business forty-two years.
L. B. Fuller, manager South Side Book Store; in busi- ness twelve years.
S. M. Tovrea, grocer, south side of Square; in business four and one-half years. (See further mention near the end of this volume.)
SOUTH SIDE SQUARE, ALBIA, IOWA.
Acheson & Kelly, grocers, south side of Square; in busi- ness four years.
S. S. Smith, boots and shoes, south side of Square; in business twenty-six years.
J. H. Love, Jr., dry goods, west side of Square; in busi- ness ten years.
Wilkin Brothers, grocers, west side of Square: in busi- ness nine years.
302
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, IOWA.
Ramsay Realty Company, northwest corner of Square; in business six months.
Mrs. L. Buffon, millinery, west side of Square; in busi- ness twelve years.
Mrs. Mary Clark, combination store, millinery, general merchandise, wood, fuel, fence-posts, and material for coal mines.
Prizer Clothing Company, Odd Fellows' Temple, west side of Square; in business three years. (See additional mention near the end of this volume.)
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