USA > Iowa > Hancock County > History of Winnebago County and Hancock County, Iowa, a record of settlement, organization, progress and achievement, Volume I > Part 20
USA > Iowa > Winnebago County > History of Winnebago County and Hancock County, Iowa, a record of settlement, organization, progress and achievement, Volume I > Part 20
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Dr. J. A. Hewett, a graduate of the Bennett Medical College of Chicago, came to Forest City in 1874. He practiced successfully for several years in Winnebago and adjoining counties and was for some time one of the examining surgeons for pensions, having been appointed to that position in September, 1877.
In 1877 Dr. J. Wright came to Forest City from Osage, Mitchell County, where he had read for five years with Dr. J. E. Nichols. He then attended medical college and graduated, and he had the repu- tation of being a well qualified physician. He remained in the county only about one year.
Dr. J. W. David and Dr. J. B. Hirsch came to the county about the same time in 1879 or 1880. The former located in Forest City and the latter in Lake Mills. Doctor David was born in Richland County, Illinois, in February, 1841, and began the study of medicine
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in 1862. He soon gave up his studies, however, to enter Company B, Thirtieth Wisconsin Infantry, which was sent to Minnesota to assist in supressing the Indian uprising. In 1865 he was mustered out and a little later matriculated at the Rush Medical College of Chicago, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1869. He then practiced in Grant County, Wisconsin, until coming to Forest City. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity and the Grand Army of the Republic.
Doctor Hirsch was also a graduate of the Rush Medical College and was a popular physician during his short residence in Winnebago County. After practicing about eighteen months in Lake Mills he went to Blue Earth, Minnesota.
Dr. C. E. Keeler, who located in Lake Mills in 1881, was a native of Black Hawk County, Iowa. While still in his boyhood his parents removed to Bristol, Worth County, where the father was engaged as a practicing physician. C. E. Keeler studied medicine with his father and in 1880 went to Nebraska, where he practiced for about a year. He then located at Lake Mills. In 1883 he was elected coroner of Winnebago County and held the office for one term. In 1887 he was again elected and served continuously until 1895. He also served as postmaster at Lake Mills for some time.
In May, 1881, Dr. David C. Aas came to Lake Mills and formed a partnership with Dr. J. M. Hull. He was born in Norway in April, 1853, and learned the trade of harness-maker in his native country. After coming to America he took up the study of medicine and grad- uated at the Bennett Medical College of Chicago in the spring of 1881. Immediately after receiving his degree he came to locate at Lake Mills, but his success was of short duration, as his death occurred on November 21, 1881.
Another physician who settled in Lake Mills in 1881 was Dr. W. L. Gundlach, a native of Germany, where he received a classical education. In 1883, after practicing in Lake Mills for over a year, he was grad- uated at Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia. Upon receiving his degree he returned to Lake Mills, where he continued in practice for a number of years.
Two physicians located in Forest City in 1883-Dr. Harry R. Irish and Dr. W. R. Franklin. Doctor Irish was born in Dane County, Wisconsin on October 1, 1860, and graduated in the medical depart- ment of the Iowa State University in the class of 1883, soon after which he came to Forest City, where he is still engaged in practice and is now the oldest doctor of the county in point of continuous residence. In 1891 he was a delegate from the Winnebago County Medical Society to the meeting of the Iowa State Medical Society.
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Doctor Franklin was a native of Rockford, Illinois, and received his general education in the schools of that city. He then attended the Illinois State Normal School, after which he began the study of medicine with a Doctor Hill, of Rockford. In March, 1883, he grad- uated at the Chicago Homeopathic Medical College and came directly to Forest City, being the first homeopath to practice in Winnebago County.
PRESENT DAY PHYSICIANS
From the Medical Directory of 1916, published by the American Medical Association, the following list of Winnebago physicians has been compiled : Buffalo Center-George F. Dolmage and Hans E. Eiel; Forest City-Otto A. Hansen, Harry R. Irish, Thomas Lucast, Marion Blanche Neil, August J. Peterson, Harry F. Thompson and Peder H. Vesterborg; Lake Mills-Peter A. Helgeson, Gilbert G. Herm and Lawrence J. Kaasa; Rake-Jesse E. Russ; Thompson-Martin M. Hage and Gisle M. Lee.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES
The first medical society to which any of the Winnebago County physicians belonged was the Northern Iowa Medical Society which included several counties. Dr. W. H. Jones and Dr. Justin M. Hull, of Winnebago, were among the organizers of the society and in 1882 Doctor Jones was elected vice president. The records of the old organ- ization have not been preserved and no accurate history of its work or membership can be given. It existed only a few years, when the settlement of the counties in the district it embraced brought in enough physicians to form county societies and the Northern Iowa Medical passed ont of existence.
A medical society was organized in Winnebago County some time in the '80s, but its records have disappeared. Meetings were not held regularly, though a majority of the physicians practicing in the county were members of the society. After several years of inactivity, interest in the society was revived, and in the winter of 1912-13 it was consoli- dated with the Medical Society of Hancock County under the name of the Hancock-Winnebago Medical Society. Meetings are held at such times and places as may be selected by the executive committee, which has charge of the society's affairs. At the beginning of the year 1917, Dr. George F. Dolmage, of Buffalo Center, was president, and Dr. Benjamin F. Denny, of Britt, was secretary.
CHAPTER XI STATISTICAL REVIEW
POPULATION AS SHOWN BY THE UNITED STATES CENSUS, SINCE 1860-STATE CENSUS OF 1915-WEALTH AND PROGRESS-CONSTITUTIONAL CONVEN- TIONS-VOTE FOR PRESIDENTS, SINCE 1864-OFFICIAL ROSTER-LIST OF COUNTY OFFICERS FROM 1857 TO 1917-IN THE LEGISLATURE-CONGRESS- MEN.
In the spring of 1917 three score and two years had passed since Thomas Bearse, George W. Thomas and William Gilbert "pitched their tents" in Winnebago County. These three men and their families were the first white people to become actual residents of the county. For a few years the settlement made slow progress, but the work of developing the county's resources has gone steadily forward from that day to the present. The United States census for 1910 shows only seven counties in the state having a smaller population than Winne- bago. But it should be borne in mind that when the first settlers came to this county Iowa had fifty-one counties with a population of over three thousand each; that ten of these counties had a population of ten thousand or more, and that nine others were close to the ten thousand mark.
The first settlements in Winnebago County were far out on the frontier and nearly a quarter of a century elapsed before they were brought into communication with the rest of the state by a railroad. Yet in spite of all these disadvantages the growth of the county has been of the most encouraging nature. Three of the older counties of the state-Davis, Henry and Van Buren-showed a smaller popu- lation in 1910 than they did in 1860, while practically all the new counties of Northwestern Iowa have made a substantial increase. The growth of population in Winnebago, as shown by the United States census since 1860, the first official census taken after the county was organized, is shown in the following table:
1860 168
1870
1,562
1880
4,917
1890
7,325
1900
12,725
1910
11,914
1915 (State Census)
13,564
196
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By a comparison of these figures it will be seen that, notwith- standing the Civil war and the Indian troubles in Minnesota and on the Iowa frontier, the greatest proportionate increase during any decade was between the years 1860 and 1870, when it was over 900 per cent. From 1870 to 1880 it was over 300 per cent. The next ten years witnessed a slackening in the growth of population, but between 1890 and 1900 there was a more substantial increase. The census of 1910 shows a loss of 811 during the preceding ten years. Part of this decrease may be accounted for by errors made in taking the enumeration, but it is quite probably that more of it may be accounted for by the opening of new lands in other parts of the country which presented opportunities to men of moderate means to acquire farms and homes with a smaller investment of capital.
The distribution of the inhabitants over the county, as shown by the state census of 1915, is given in the following table by townships and incorporated towns. Forest City and the other incorporated towns are included in the townships in which they are located, except in the case of Norway township, from which that portion of Scarville located in the township is left out, the entire population of that town being included in Logan Township.
TOWNSHIPS
Buffalo
1,500
Center
2,194
Eden
623
Forest
3,030
Grant
666
King
1,183
Lincoln
719
Linden
599
Logan
969
Monnt Valley
725
Newton
680
Norway
Total for the county
13,564
TOWNS
Buffalo Center
90S
Forest City
2,135
Lake Mills
1,480
Leland
188
Rake
231
Scarville
162
Thompson
565
Total living in towns
5,669
676
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Deducting the town population from the total for the county leaves 7,895 people engaged in farming. The increase in wealth has been even greater than that of the population. The state census for 1905 gives the assessed valuation of the property of the county at $2,996,868, and that of 1915 shows an assessment of $4,975,984, exclusive of money and credits, which amounted to $1,285,040 more. While the population increased between 1905 and 1915 a little less than 13 per cent, the valuation of property increased nearly 100 per cent. Statistics relating to the industries show that more capital has been invested; the values of farm lands and of farm products have greatly appreciated; more money has been expended in recent years for education and public improvements, and in 1916 the bank deposits were the largest of any year in the county's history.
CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS
Three constitutional conventions have been held in the State of Iowa, but in two of them Winnebago County was not represented. A history of the first two conventions is given in Chapter II. At the time Iowa was admitted in 1846, all the northwestern part of the state was "unorganized territory," and Winnebago County was not created until five years later. The third constitutional convention met at Iowa City on January 19, 1857, and finished its labors on the 5th of the following March. Winnebago County had not yet been organized, as was the case of a number of the counties created in 1851. The thirty-fourth delegate district was composed of the counties of Ban- croft, Cerro Gordo, Chickasaw, Floyd, Hancock, Howard, Kossuth, Mitchell, Winnebago and Worth, and was represented in the conven- tion by John T. Clark.
PRESIDENTIAL VOTE
The following table gives the vote for President and Vice President of the United States in every election since the county was organized, with the exception of 1860, the election returns for that year having been among the records that were destroyed by fire. It is known, however, that Lincoln and Hamlin, the republican candidates received a majority of the votes. As Winnebago has always been a republican county, the names of the candidates of that party come first in every instance :
1864-Lincoln and Johnson. 39
McClellan and Pendleton 13
1868-Grant and Colfax . 151
Seymour and Blair 16
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1872-Grant and Wilson 275
Greeley and Brown 37
1876-Hayes and Wheeler 498
Tilden and Hendricks 39
1880-Garfield and Arthur 701
Hancock and English 67
1884-Blaine and Logan. 690
Cleveland and Hendricks 216
1888-Harrison and Morton.
894
Cleveland and Thurman 218
1892-Harrison and Reid.
Cleveland and Stevenson 1,079
342
1896-McKinley and Hobart 1,912
Bryan and Sewall 440
1900-McKinley and Roosevelt 2,051
Bryan and Stevenson. 472
1904-Roosevelt and Fairbanks
Parker and Davis. 2,002
174
1908-Taft and Sherman.
Bryan and Kern. 1,628
462
1912-Taft and Sherman. .
532
Wilson and Marshall 390
Roosevelt and Johnson (Progressive) 1,095
1916-Hughes and Fairbanks. 1,913
Wilson and Marshall. 611
The "third party" movement has never gained much strength in Winnebago. In 1880 Gen. James B. Weaver, the greenback candidate, received 34 votes ; in 1892 the populist party polled 157 votes and the prohibition party 31; in 1900 there were 52 votes classed as "seat- tering;" in 1912 there were 142 socialist and 132 prohibition votes cast, but in 1916 the socialist vote had dwindled to 23 and the prohi- bition vote to 5.
OFFICIAL ROSTER
The following list of county officials since the county was organized in 1857 has been compiled from the public records. It is believed to be as correct as such a list can be made and shows who have been entrusted with the public business of Winnebago County. The list also gives the year in which each officer was elected or entered upon the discharge of his duties. Most of the time the officers were elected for terms of two years. Where a period of several years elapsed between the election of any officer and that of his successor one or more reelections are indicated. A list of the judges of the District Court and county attorneys is given in the chapter on the Bench and Bar.
Clerks of Court-Benjamin F. Denslow, 1857; A. K. Curtis, 1860; E. D. Hinman, 1862; Eugene Secor, 1868; W. O. Hanson, 1876; Simon
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Sogard, 1884; Gilbert S. Gilbertson, 1888; L. A. Jensen, 1896; J. H. Anderson, 1904; James B. Anderson, 1912 (still in office at the begin- ning of 1917).
Recorders-Charles H. Day, 1857; Philip Tennis, 1859 (failed to qualify and Mr. Day held over until 1861, when he was again elected for a full term) ; David Secor, 1863; J. P. Gardner, 1864; H. S. Bots- ford, 1866; Nelson K. Landru, 1868; E. L. Stillson, 1872; John Law, 1876; O. T. Severs, 1880; Ole S. Olson, 1886; T. G. Tweed, 1892; Henry Osmundson, 1896; Henry S. Johnson, 1900; J. H. Holmsen, 1906; J. O. Bergfald, 1910 (now serving his fourth term).
Auditors-Prior to 1869 the duties of county auditor were per- formed by the county judge or the clerk of the court. Since 1869 the following have held the office: Hiram K. Landru, 1869; Eugene Secor, 1875; Charles Isaacs, 1879; I. J. Kessey, 1887; John Isaacson, 1894; M. C. Halvorsen, 1896; L. A. Hauge, 1902; L. J. Nelson, 1906; C. K. Nelson, 1912.
Treasurers-The duties of treasurer and recorder were combined until 1864, when the office of recorder was established and J. P. Gardner was elected recorder. The treasurers since 1864 have been: David Secor, 1865; Robert Clark, 1867; Mikkel Peterson, 1877; B. A. Plumer, 1881; W. O. Hanson, 1885; S. H. Larson, 1891; J. G. Ostby, 1897; A. J. Johnson, 1903; W. S. Wadsworth, 1906; I. J. Kessey, 1914.
Sheriffs-John S. Blowers, 1857 ; M. P. Goodell, 1861; A. P. Harper, 1863; Charles Lutz, 1865; H. K. Landru, 1867; Peter Lewis, 1869; Jacob H. Twito, 1877; W. S. Wadsworth, 1887; M. C. Wheeler, 1891; C. J. Anderson, 1897; Ole Osmundson, 1906; J. H. Revell, 1910 (now serving his fourth term). Milton P. Goodell, who was elected sheriff in 1861, resigned soon after taking office to enter the army and John Maben was appointed to fill the vacancy.
Surveyors-C. W. Scott, 1857; Augustus Oulman, 1861; J. H. T. Ambrose, 1863; Augustus Oulman, 1865; J. H. T. Ambrose, 1869; W. C. Hayward, 1871 (resigned and W. A. Burnap appointed to the vacancy) ; O. T. Severs, 1873; J. H. T. Ambrose, 1875; Augustus Oulman, 1877 (resigned and J. H. T. Ambrose appointed to the vacancy) ; J. H. T. Ambrose, 1879; L. T. Thompson, 1883; J. H. T. Ambrose, 1887; L. T. Thompson, 1891; Augustus Oulman, 1895; J. H. T. Ambrose, 1896 (Oulman resigned) ; O. G. Rislow, 1910.
Coroners-Philip Tennis, 1858; Thomas Bearse, 1860; Darious Bray, 1863; G. P. Smith, 1867; D. C. Hayes, 1869; G. P. Smith, 1871; P. C. Jones, 1873; V. A. Jones, 1875; J. M. Hull, 1877; Y. G. Tweed, 1879; J. H. Brakke, 1881; C. E. Keeler, 1883; Eugene Secor, 1885; C. E. Keeler, 1887; J. H. Mckay, 1895; G. M. Lee, 1897; W. H. Jones, 1901; O. A. Hansen, 1903; G. M. Lee, 1910; H. F. Thompson, 1912.
MAIN STREET, LAKE MILLS
1
FOURTH OF JULY, 1900, LAKE MILLS
T
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County Superintendents-C. W. Scott, 1858; B. F. Denslow, 1859; Martin Bumgardner, 1861; Augustus Oulman, 1863; C. A. Stedman, 1865; Martin Cooper, 1869; A. L. Shay, 1871; W. W. Olmstead, 1873; W. A. Chapman, 1875; A. N. Brones, 1879; George A. Franklin, 1885; W. H. May, 1887; W. A. Chapman, 1889; L. C. Brown, 1893; K. N. Knudson, 1899; L. C. Brown, 1903. Mr. Brown was reelected in 1906, 1908, 1910 and 1912. The law was then changed so that the county superintendent of schools is elected by the board of education. At the beginning of the year 1917 the office was held by Jessie M. Parker.
County Judges-At the time the County of. Winnebago was organ- ized in 1857, the county judge system was in operation under the new constitution, and that official transacted the greater part of the public business in his county. Robert Clark was elected county judge in 1857; J. K. Boyd, 1861; Samuel Tennis, 1863. By the act of March 2, 1860, the office of county judge was abolished and the board of supervisors was created, the members of which were to be elected at the general election in 1860 and take office on January 1, 1861. However, it appears that the people of Winnebago County continued to elect county judges until 1863, though the records show that the real business of the county was transacted by the board of supervisors. The county judge merely performed the duties of clerk to the board and was "more ornamental than useful" so far as the real management of public affairs was concerned.
Supervisors-The first board of supervisors for Winnebago County were elected in November, 1860, and the members assumed the duties of their office on January 1, 1861. Since that time the board for each year has been composed of the following members :
1861-E. D. Stockton, John Anderson and A. K. Curtis.
1862-Allen T. Cole, Charles D. Smith and A. K. Curtis.
1863-Charles D. Smith, William Lackore and B. F. Wellman.
1864-Same as 1863.
1865-Charles D. Smith, Joseph Tennis, Robert Clark and Jesse Bonar-one for each of the four townships of the county.
1866-Robert Clark, Jesse Bonar, Samuel Tennis and George Thomas.
1867-George Thomas, Ole Anderson, John H. T. Ambrose and Allen T. Cole.
1868-Allen T. Cole, Joseph Tennis, John H. T. Ambrose and S. D. Wadsworth.
1869-C. H. Lackore, William Higginbotham, A. N. Brones, John Iverson and S. D. Wadsworth.
1870-Same as 1869.
1871-Charles D. Smith, Benjamin F. Wellman and R. O. Haugh-
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land. Since 1871 the board has consisted of only three members.
1872-W. O. Hanson, Charles D. Smith and R. O. Haughland. 1873-W. O. Hanson, A. N. Brones and Charles D. Smith. 1874-A. N. Brones, W. O. Hanson and S. D. Wadsworth. 1875-S. D. Wadsworth, A. N. Brones and P. H. Peterson. 1876-S. D. Wadsworth, P. H. Peterson and James W. Fisher. 1877-James W. Fisher, Knut Johnson and P. H. Peterson. 1878-Same as 1877.
1879-Same as 1877.
1880-Same as 1877.
1881-James W. Fisher, Knut Johnson and Andrew N. Honge.
1882-Knut Johnson, Andrew N. Honge and S. G. Honsey.
1883-S. G. Honsey, Andrew N. Honge and William Larson.
1884-85-Same as 1883.
1886-Andrew N. Honge, N. O. Styve and S. G. Honsey.
1887-S. G. Honsey, N. O. Styve and O. O. Ulve.
1888-N. O. Styve, O. O. Ulve and H. HI. Mattison. Mr. Mattison died before the expiration of his term and James Ellickson was appointed to the vacancy.
1889-N. O. Styve, James Ellickson and O. O. Ulve.
1890-91-Same as 1889.
1892-James Ellickson, T. J. Folken and Henry Thompson. Mr. Ellickson resigned and A. B. Larson was elected for the remainder of the term for which he had been elected.
1893-T. J. Folken, A. B. Larson and Henry Thompson.
1894-Same as 1893.
1895-A. B. Larson, T. J. Folken and Michael Evenson. No change was made in the board during the next two years.
1898-T. J. Folken, A. B. Larson and J. J. Holland.
1899-J. J. Holland, T. J. Folken and O. O. Skuttle.
1900-J. J. Holland, O. O. Skuttle and A. B. Larson. 1901-Same as 1900.
1902-0. O. Skuttle, J. J. Holland and C. O. Thompson.
1903-C. O. Thompson, J. J. Holland and W. H. Combs. No change was made in the board during the three years following.
1907-C. O. Thompson, Albert Field and N. K. Anderson.
1908-N. K. Anderson, P. H. Moe and Albert Field. 1909-10-Same as 1908.
1911-N. K. Anderson, P. H. Moe and Albert Field until the death of Mr. Moe, when Henry Thompson was elected to the vacancy.
1912-Henry Thompson, N. K. Anderson and F. J. Raddle.
1913-Albert Field, F. J. Raddle and Ole Osmundson. 1914-15-Same as 1913.
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WINNEBAGO AND HANCOCK COUNTIES
1916-F. J. Raddle, Ole Osmundson and H. N. Hanson. This board was in office at the beginning of 1917.
IN THE LEGISLATURE
The first Legislature in which Winnebago County was represented was the Fourth, which met on December 6, 1854. It was one of the twenty-four counties composing a district which was represented in the senate by Andrew Y. Hull, and in the house by J. F. Rice, Joseph C. Goodson and Benjamin Green. From that time until 1903 Winne- bago County was a part of various districts composed of two or more counties. Those from Winnebago who represented the district during that period were as follows : David Secor, elected in 1871 and reelected in 1873; Justin M. Hull, 1879; John E. Anderson, 1881; John W. Mahoney, 1887 ; John Law, 1889; James Ellickson, 1891; W. O. Hanson, 1897; Paul O. Koto, 1899, Eugene Secor, 1901.
From the time of the admission of the state in 1846 to 1856 the General Assembly met in December of the even numbered years. From 1856 to 1906 the opening of each session was in January of the even numbered years. At the general election on November 8, 1904, the voters of the state gave their endorsement to a constitutional amend- ment that abolished the elections in the odd numbered years and provided for biennial elections, beginning with the year 1906. Members of the Legislature, whose successors would have been chosen in the fall of 1905, had their terms of office extended until the election of 1906. The Thirty-first General Assembly met on January 8, 1906, and the Thirty-second on January 14, 1907. With this exception, and a few cases of special sessions, the Legislature has held its sessions biennially. At the time the constitutional amendment above referred to was adopted, Winnebago and Worth counties constituted a repre- sentative district. H. L. Olson, of Worth County, was elected in 1903 and had his term of office extended to 1906. Since that time Winnebago County has had a representative of its own and has sent the following members to the Legislature: C. N. Flugum, 1906; Lars W. Boe, 190S; Frank W. Russell, 1910; Thomas A. Kingland, 1912; Joseph H. Ander- son, 1914-reelected in 1916.
Gilbert S. Gilbertson was elected to the state senate in 1895 and served in the two succeeding sessions; Lars W. Boe was elected in 1912 and was succeeded in 1916 by Thomas A. Kingland, the present state senator.
CONGRESSMEN
At the time Winnebago County was organized in 1857, there were only two congressional districts in the State of Iowa. Winnebago was
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WINNEBAGO AND HANCOCK COUNTIES
one of the counties in the Second District, which was then represented by Timothy Davis, of Dubuque. He was succeeded in 1860 by William Vandever, also of Dubuque. The census of 1860 showed that Iowa was entitled to six representatives in Congress. Winnebago was then placed in the Sixth District, which was represented during the next ten years as follows : Asahel W. Hubbard, of Sioux City, 1862; Charles Pomeroy, of Fort Dodge, 1868; Jackson Orr, of Boone County, 1870.
Three more congressmen were added to Iowa's representation by the census of 1870, and Winnebago County was placed in the Fourth District, of which Henry O. Pratt, of Charles City, was elected repre- sentative in 1872; Nathaniel C. Deering, of Mitchell County, 1876.
Since the census of 1880 Iowa has had eleven congressmen, and Winnebago County has been attached to the Tenth District, which is now composed of the counties of Boone, Calhoun, Carroll, Crawford, Emmet, Greene, Hamilton, Hancock, Humbolt, Kossuth, Palo Alto, Pocahontas, Webster and Winnebago. The representatives from this district have been as follows: Adoniram J. Holmes, of Boone, 1882 to 1888; Jonathan P. Dolliver, of Fort Dodge, 1888 to 1898; James P. Conner, of Denison, 1898 to 1908; Frank P. Woods, of Estherville, 1908 to 1917.
CHAPTER XII
MISCELLANEOUS
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY- CROP STATISTICS-REMINISCENCES BY DAVID SECOR -PIONEER ADVENTURES-MORE OF INDIANS-RECOLLECTIONS OF J. F. THOMPSON.
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