USA > Iowa > History of the Nineteenth Regiment, Iowa Volunteer Infantry > Part 5
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" Harrison ordered one of the pieces to be taken, which was captured and retained during the action. The enemy now attempted to flank him by a move- ment on his left by marching rapidly behind a high levee. This attempt was discovered through a gap or break in the levee. Our men were now inside, the enemy outside behind the levee which was his former front. 'While he was attempting to accomplish this, Harrison flanked him with his right, and with a divi- sion held his flanking column back where his left gave way, retreating across an old field covered with high weeds. At this moment, Major Boone commanding Waller's Battalion cavalry came up with a gallant charge on his right flank, and completed the route. The supporting force never reached Harrison, and the officers and men fought gallantly, men could not have done better. Adjutant Jones and John Harrison, (a son of the Col. ) distinguished themselves.
"Major Daniels was wounded, and acted in the most gallant manner. Colonel had two horses shot from under him, and his sword and blanket round his shoulder cut. We lost twenty-seven killed and eighty wounded ; and captured of the enemy four hundred and thirty-two privates and non-commissioned officers, and twenty-nine commissioned officers. The forego-
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
ing is an accurate but short account of the engagement which lasted about one hour. General Green in the general plan took the road direct in order to attack the cavalry and any force at the bridge, four miles below the battlefield. . There were only two hundred men there, and he soon drove them off, and hearing the fight above, ordered Major Boone to rush to the assistance of the troops engaged, and " charge the en- emy if ten thousand strong."
" Boone did it'nobly, only a few shots were fired by the enemy, two of which took effect on him, shatter- ing his shoulder and arm, the latter has been taken off at the joint in the shoulder, the other hand has only two fingers on it. He is still alive, and it is sincerely hoped that he may recover. Col. Harrison and Major Boone are especially noticed by Gen. Tay- lor for their conduct in his report to Headquarters, I have been informed."
A detail, under Capt. Jordan, buried the rebel dead, over fifty, and a paper in Alexandria gave the wounded over two hundred.
To speak of deeds of individual bravery, is impos- sible where all did so nobly. 1
The following is a list of our killed and wounded, many of the latter have since died. Also a list of those captured :
KILLED.
Co. B-Serg't Henry E. Frisbee.
Co. H-1st Lieut. Silas Kent. '
Co. K-2nd Lieut. John M. Roberts.
Co. C-Serg't John C. Ritchie.
Private Samuel P. Beard.
Corp. George Temple.
94 . HISTORY OF THE
Co. K-Private Thes. J. Smith.
Co. HI-Corp. Wm. C. Anderson.
Co. D- " Brooks.
Co. C- 4 Mark Walworth. WOUNDED.
Co. C .- Corp. Robt. McGlasgow, right thigh-sc- verely.
Co. K-Private Joel Starkey, right thigh-since died.
. Co. A-Private Jamas Coleman, right thigh-since died.
Co, D-Private Daniel Walkup, left ankle.
Jonathan Carson, left thigh. Co. E- Thos. C. Chambers, left arm and breast.
Co. G- James Allen, right thigh. Wm. Hinkle, left shoulder.
Co. E- Win. Lyons, left thigh. Co. B-Corp'l. Isaac Rumor, left hand. Co. K-Private E. Stewart, left foot-since died.
Co. G-Captain Andrew Taylor, left hip-since died.
Co. G-Private John F. Mann, arm and head.
Serg't. J. F. Robinson, mouth. Co. C-Private Wm. W. Kendall, neck. Co. F-Corp'l. C. E. Carpenter, scalp. Co. H-Private A. Ninsehelser, hand.
Co. B-1st Lieut. John M. Woods, head.
Co. D -- 2nd Lient. Thos. A. Robb, left leg. Co. G-Serg't Geo. Hardwick, right shoulder. Co. A-Serg't J. Henry Schroeder, hip. Co. C-Private Wilber D. Sherman, left arm. :
John M. Lytle, arm.
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY. 95
CAPTURED. Co. A-Capt. Thos. L. Sprott. .
Lieut. Norvill Powell.
Co. B- John M. Woods.
Geo. Johnson.
Co. C- 66 James Bennett, Q. R. M.
Co. D- " > Thos. A. Robb.
Co. E-Capt. Wm. Adams.
Co. F-Capt. Levi Fisher.
Lieut. Solomon P. Key.
Co. G-Lieut. B. F. Wright.
Co. K-Capt. S. F. Roderick.
Serg't Major Oscar G. Burch. 1
Com. Serg't Danl. H. Roderick, Escaped March, 1864
Fife Major, James Payne.
Co. A-Serg't J. Henry Schroeder.
." Corp. David G. Anderson. " Isaac N. Clark.
Jasper K. Mason.
Prive Howell G. Adell.
Barney Amoss.
Joseph Cooper.
John M. Games.
Benj. F. Goodwin, escaped. 1
Co. A-Priv. Geo. Hoffman.
John Howard.
Dan. C. Leming.
Geo. A. Marks.
" Fred. A. N. Pearce, left sick at Alcx- andria and exchanged.
Co. A-Priv. Alex. Quary. " David A. Robertson.
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HISTORY OF THE
Co. A-Priv. William Stewart.
Benedict Rumer, escaped.
11. Chris. Schmidt.
..
" Eli Sheets, escaped.
Charles W. Towner.
" Jasper Trimble.
Joseph White.
C'o B-Serg't John E. Roth.
.. " T. A. Stolaberger.
) Corp. Enos Rushton, escaped.
" D. R. Comagys.
" John A. Montgomery.
.. Priv. Albert J. Allen.
% 11 Ed. Darling.
.
" John Driskill.
..
Manfred Hall.
"
" Wm. R. Hendricks.
Joseph Hudgell.
" J. N. Skinner.
" John M. Towne, escaped.
Sorg't Thos. E. Johnston.
Corp. L. Stone Hall, escaped.
" Geo. W. Cosner.
" Wm. McDowell.
.. Levi B. Cocklin, escaped.
Priv. J. Irvine Dungan.
Luke W. Osborn.
Jas. Sturges Anderson.
" H. Willetts Anderson, escaped.
" S. T. Easter.
" E. B. Helwick.
" Wmn. Lytle.
" . John M. Lytle.
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
Co. C-Priv. Charles McDonald.
A. McCampbell.
Wm. McGreger.
66 John M. Porter.
" Robt. J. Moore. .
Wm. J. Lewis. 1
66 Addison P. Randall.
W. D. Sherman.
Abraham Snyder.
Israel Trostle. James Van Winkle.
John N. Young.
Abner B. Power.
" Chas. H. Nichols.
Co D-Serg't Danl. Buckingham. James Barnes. Corp. John H. Lagle.
Perry Harrison.
Priv. Miles Burris.
C. B. Campbell.
Jonathan Elder.
Willard Flenor.
Flavius Remine.
John Locke.
Mckinney Robinson.
Nelson E. Hall.
John Huddlestone.
Adam Stump.
Co. E-Serg't Geo. W. Hardwick, wounded and left at Alexandria for exchange. !
Co. E-(rp. J. B. Knight. Priv. Sylvester Dye. " James Deighton. 13
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HISTORY OF THE
Co. E -- Priv. Wm. T. Gray.
" Eli Hampton, left sick at Alexan- dria, and exchanged.
Co E-Priv. Alam Hampton. " James Houghland.
J. J. Marsell, died at Shreveport, La., Deč. 24th, 1863.
Co. E-Priv. Abraham Morgan. 1 Gideon Miller. 66 " Fieldon Taylor. Corp. Geo. A. Vise.
Lewis Walters. Priv. John Wallis. 66 John Yager. 66 Nelson Mallett.
Abner S. Smalley. " Ross Crossley. Co. F-Serg't Win. H. Friend .- J. P. McDaniels.
Corp. Edward H. Thomas. ¢ H. B. Davidson.
" David Gable.
" Wm. Herron .. Priv. Milton Gamble.
66 " Geo. B. Dotson.
" John H. Hager, died at Shreveport, La. Jan. 29th, 1S64.
Co. F-Priv. David P. Herron. .
Jacob Heindel.
Danl. Mckay.
A. Morris.
" Leonard Rathfon.
Joseph Racer.
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY
Co. F-Priv. I. S. Siverly.
J. R. Shipman. " Danl. Sowash. Co. G-Serg't Geo. W. Woolwine.
" Ogilvie Donaldson. Corp. David Hasher.
Priv. Wm. Campbell.
" Reuben Cocklin.
" David Crane.
" Geo. W. Cunningham.
« " J. W. Clermont.
" W. H. Dowell.
G. S. Ervin,
66
John J. Fryer.
Wm. Hoffman.
.
- Joe Ross.
Philip Richley.
Samuel Taylor.
Saml. Turkington.
J. C. Wilson.
"
James Milton.
Sanford Pugh ..
Wm. Pugh. .
Asa Lewis.
Geo. Tucker.
Co. H-Serg't Wm. Byers, escaped March 1864. .
" A. J. Smith.
.. " Wm. H. Clayton.
66 Corp. J. T. Dougherty, escaped March 1864
J. F. King. " Win. H. Smith.
Chris. Mort.
Priv. James C. Akers.
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HISTORY OF THE
Co. H-Priv. S. Botkin, escaped March, 1864. A
. « Z. C. Dean.
Isaac D. Evans,
" Omar Hoskins, escaped Dec., '63.
Wm. C. Holmes.
- " Henry Jones.
" .Andrew Jones.
₱
" Silas Langford.
J. H. Lannam.
Joseph Mort.
J. G. McIntosh.
" J. Nixon, escaped March, 1864.
R. H. Parsons.
J. F. Paxton, escaped March, 1864.
David Smith.
" Ed. P. Taylor, escaped March, 1864.
" Thos. Umphrey.
Co. 1-Serg't John S. Ragsdale, escaped M'ch, '64. Datus D. Proper.
Corp. Wm. Orr.
Wm. Bragg.
" Geo. W. Meredith.
Priv. John T. Barker.
". David Barker.
" David K. Calhoun.
Wm. N. Holiday.
Oliver Johnson.
" George Klise.
Jas. M. Miller.
Jesse Meredith.
John Newlon.
" John Roth.
66 Israel Row.
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
Co. I-Priv. Wm. Spraker.
George Stevens.
" John H. Webber.
Rufus Collins.
Co. K-Serg't Noble E. Dawson, escaped M'ch, '64. Corp. P. H. Grant, escaped March, 1864.
" John Terril, escaped March, 1864.
" Thos. N. Pritchard.
68 " Reuben F. Kaster.
Priv. John L. Burditt.
David Davis.
Samuel Evans.
L. McBarnes.
« John Wood.
Harrison Wood.
John W. French.
Jesse Starkey.
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HISTORY OF. THE.
1 CHAPTER VII.
After our capture, we marched back through the rain and mud to the ferry boat, and about dark crossed the river. On the bank we were huddled together, having had no dinner and no supper, and through the night sat or stood around little rail fires that struggled for existence in this drenching rain that never ceased falling for the next forty-eight hours.
Sullen over our recent defeat, we had none of the jokes and lightsome talk with which we usually be- guiled the tediousness of sleepless hours. Morning broke upon as weary and dispirited a band as I ever saw, and noon brought us beef and raw meal with no vessels to cook in. From this place we were marched through the bottoms to Alexandria, (passing on the way, parts of Walker's army. The troops used us well, giving us to eat of their own rations.
For day after day through hot dusty days we marched, having a ride of twenty-one miles that ended at Alexandria, where we were shut up in one room, the Court room. It was about twenty-four by thirty- six feet, and there was a few prisoners already there, so that in that room was fully five hundred men. But we had to stay in it but one night, luckily for us, for the next morning we were started on toward Shreve- port, traveling over high rolling, heavily pine timbered country, which afforded wiews that would have been heartily enjoyed but for the bayonets on either side.
Corn meal and beef, then beef and corn meal till Natchitoches, where laying over one bright Sabbath
$
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
day, I eluded the guard, and took a stroll out into the country a few miles, where stopping at a large fine Southern mansion for a drink of water, and telling what I was, I found friends, was entertained by "Star Spangled Banner," and other pieces by a loyal daugh- ter of Dixie, and had a lunch of most appetizing pie and cake washed, down by generous wine of their own manufacture. :
At Mansfield, a Union planter brought in and gave us sweet potatoes, for the whole command.
At Shreveport we were placed on a side of a hill, overlooking town and had nothing to eat for twenty hours after getting there, and we had made a day's march before reaching there.
Hucksters from the town swarmed around with baker's bread, cakes, pies and apples, and hungry men would strip themselves of every available article to get a few mouthfuls. Knives, combs, gold pens and greenbacks all were bartered for eatables.
Here we had hoped we would be paroled ; but we were turned toward Texas, and the middle of Octo- ber we were at Tyler, in a pen on the hill side with the great pine woods around us, and no shelter or means of making one over us.
Lying out long cold nights, thinking of home, rain falling upon us frequently, these things begat thoughts of escape and many let their thoughts mature into plans and executed their plans.
From Sterling farm on the long hot march, Colonel Leake had walked in front of our prisoner column with a severe wound too, and had the fare of the least of his brave band, nor was it from necessity either, for we were with but few officers of the guard who would
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HISTORY OF THE
not have shown so much courtesy toward a disabled -
prisoner, especially a commanding officer. Many of the wounded men were favored by kind hearted guards; but he seemed to choose to suffer the priva- tions, common to all.
Very many times on the march by his influence, we stopped to rest when the cavalry guards seemed obliv- ious of the difference between the endurance of a man and a horse. Not a man of us but remembers with gratitude the care he took of us, his watchfulness of our comfort, both on the march and in camp.
On the march, he, many times by a few words to the officer in charge gained for us a rest, or a stop at some spring long enough to slake our thirst, and even shortening the length of our day's journey sometimes by his earnest representations of the fatigue of his men."
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At Tyler a spring of water, clear and good, sup- plied us abundantly. With difficulty, a few axes were obtained ; but many burrowed in the earth with the tar- antulas, centipedes, and scorpions. One of the 26th Indiana was bitten by a tarantula and died in a few hours. Here the regiment lay till winter winds blew chill, and cold frosty nights pinched and bit them when orders were received to go to Shreveport for ex- change, only the enlisted men.
The men were in the lightest possible marching -or- der, and were allowed to take with them no kettles or cooking vessels of any kind. The officer in charge of the guard was one Capt. Alford, a young man and cruel. The first day's march ended at Sabine river, and a little raw meal was doled out to them, no beef and nothing in which to cook.
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
Lucky was he who had, or could borrow a tin cup in which to mix his meal, the baking was simple, a ball of wetted meal was dropped into the coals and burnt into bread.
After supper and breakfast such as this and a nights rest on the wet ground, morning broke on shivering ragged wretches disclosing the cause of shrinking flesh and chattering teeth, during the night it had frozen hard, and the wet earth was encrusted with a frosty rime, and all the mudholes in the road coated with ice. Over the frozen rough road and through ice-bound streams, those barefooted and half clad five hundred marched, leaving on many a spot of Texan soil drops of blood from bruised and swollen feet. The sun at midday thawing it out only enough to make a cold slush, then toward night freezing again.
The brutal Alford ordered his men to ride through all streams above us that the water might be muddy for us to drink. What could sustain men, but the hope of exchange at such a time as this. Shreveport was reached, and the men were told that "in a few days" they would start for our lines. The " few days" passed, and through the winter the promise was re- newed frequently of leaving in a few days.
The prisoners here, had the liberty of building huts and from the surrounding woods trees were cut and logs carried, that grew under willing hands into com- fortable little houses, backwoods style. The chimnies, however, were not successful, and in dark huts full of smoke, sore eyes inade their appearance. Once here the Confederate authorities, through the intercession of one Col. Tchiod, opened their hearts and store rooms, and issued shoes to a few of the men. From 13
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HISTORY OF THE
this camp which was ten miles below Shreveport, many made their escape, some of whom relate their story in the ensuing pages.
The latter part of March came exciting reports of an advance, and at length the prisoners were suddenly hurried away on the well known road to Tyler. At Greenwood, the first night's stopping place, the regi- ment was rejoined by some runaways who had been lying in the Shreveport jail, myself among the num- ber. . Again, Alford was the officer in command, and the men felt there was no hope but in their power to endure.
At Greenwood two of Company "B," Enos Rush- ton and John Towne dug a hole at night while others slept, crawled into it, and were covered over with sticks and earth by their comrades, who left them an air hole, and heaped brush over the spot so that no guard would ride upon it. In the morning after our camp had been deserted by the last lingering guard, they rose out of their hiding place, and struck out for "Yankec lines," frightening a native, however, by ris- ing out of the bowels of the earth, two spectral guant Yankees. They met Banks' advancing column, far 'down Red river, and particpated in that disastrous campaign.
Our guard was mounted, and had only one wagon in which were their cooking utensils and a few day's rations, not any transportation for the sick or. those who might give out. With brutal threats and blows with gun and saber the lagging ones were quickened, and when an old man, gray-haired, fell fainting by the wayside, Alford kicked him, prostrate, and a lariat · · was tied around his neck and secured to the pommel
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY
of the saddle, by which they hastened on the weak old man urging him to a half run when he could keep his feet and draging him by the neck, when through ex- haustion he would sink to the earth. Another, who had been sick, lying down declared his inability to go further. Alford drawing his revolver shot him inflict- ing a severe, perhaps mortal wound, and annoyed at the groans of the wounded man, he forced his negro slave to get a rail and beat out his brains. By such means they succeeded in marching several hundred men, many bareheaded, most of them barefooted, over a hundred miles with little to eat and no transporta- tion at all.
The numerous petty ways practiced to annoy us would require more space to notice than I can give. One, however, showed such a refinement of cruelty I can- not refrain from mentioning it. After a weary march we encamped along a clear pretty brook, which ran the length of our camp, and was not over five or six feet wide. Alford placed a line of guards between us and the water, while hundreds of men, thirsty and foot-sore and hungry, were there seeing the water run- ning before their eyes, yet could get none to drink or mix their meal or to bathe their blistered feet. Ty- ler once more !
After months we return and occupy the same little huts we had built the fall previous. "Cast thy bread upon the waters." Our stay this time was not long, and a second time we started for exchange; only Col. Leake's "layout."
Our march this time was not so hard, for Leake gained us many favors. At Marshall we halt and go into camp, a delay we but partly understood, by hear-
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HISTORY OF THE
ing the booming of cannon in the direction of Mans- field. We lay here several weeks; every few days fresh squads of prisoners passed us on their route to Tyler, just from the fields of Mansfield and the Ar- kansas.
Our weary waiting again ended in disappointment, for we were marched back to Tyler, where we found between four and five thousand prisoners, most of them without even huts. Men of every tribe and tongue and nation, from every State in the Union, or out, old and young, and Indians of every tribe, were assem- bled here; ragged many of them, while many were not blessed with a rag,-a blanket thrown over their shoulders protected them from the heat of mid-day and the chill dews of the night. There were men lit- erally swarming with body-lice,-"greybacks"-and sick men lying on their backs in the hot sand under a burning sun, breathing out their life in all this squalor and misery. Instead of the last kind word or prayers, fell on his ear curses and rough jests. Idiocy, and as heart-sickening as any thing, was the passive indif- ference with which these things came to be regarded. Men standing by laughed at some drivelling wretch praying for somethingto eat. When one was sick the stoinach refused the coarse corn dodger, and in this way come starvation,-not to the strong men who could have endured scanty fare, but to those who were sick and weak,-to those who would lie near the sinks day and night, their clothes stiffening with their own filth, maggots and lice crawling over them till they died.
And at the gate of our pen lay a pile of rough pine coffins, constantly diminishing, constantly replenished,
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
while on an opposite . slope, each day fresh mounds were made.
The pen for the hounds was in sight of the stockade, and many times we have seen the pack take the scent of some of our number, and rarely fail to bring them back.
One morning near our breakfast hour, we were aroused by a great outcry from a crowd assembled near the centre of the stockade, and repairing to the spot, beheld a sight that rises before my mind's eye every time I hear the word "pardon " or Jeff Davis. A negro woman is being whipped,-a young, likely woman, standing on the opposite side-hill, in plain sight, with clothes held high up, exposing her body from her shoulders downward, is writhing and shriek- ing under the cruel strokes of the whip in the hands of a young man near her age. As stroke after stroke falls upon the quivering flesh, we could hear the sharp blow of the whip and see it curl around her back hips and legs, and each moment seemed to add to the burning anger of the northern men, compelled to look on, as much as to the agony of the helpless victim ; and the maledictions of our crowd upon the hill, were hurled at the brute in human form, and. were heard too. Besides our five thousand, there were scores 'of southern chivalry lounging around enjoying both the suffering of the woman and the discomtiture of the Yankees. * *
Again we are paroled, and bid the stockade one more farewell, enjoining upon those to whom we gave our hut, to give it back to us if we returned. The of- ficers in charge of us gave the sole control of the marching into the hands of Col. Leake, and he regu-
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HISTORY OF THE
lated our time so that we made as short marches as possible, and with the least possible fatigue, letting us stop to drink or rest as often as necessary. Yet with all his care and kindness the march was a hard one, for it was July, and the hot dust and pebbles blistered our shoeless feet, while hickory leaves bound round our heads served as hats to those of us without ..
Shreveport again and aboard the boats, we begin to feel that we may reach our lines.
Slowly we steamed down the Red River, sitting on the lower deck, listening to the plashing of wheels that were impelling us nearer to friends and life again, and watching the great unwieldy looking alligators lying along the slimy banks.
At Alexandria we debarked above the Falls and camped 'opposite the Dam that Gen. Joseph Bailey , made, and that made Gen. Joseph Bailey. The next day we walked around the Falls and took other steam- boats at the Alexandria wharf.
The last hungry hours of prison life drew to a close. and the morning of the 22nd of July, 1864, we floated out upon the broad Mississippi, and beheld once more our beloved Banner and knew we were yet alive.
The Commissioner of Exchange, Col. Dwight, came along side of our boat in a yawl, and scores of men rushed to the side eager to but touch the old Flag. The prisoners for whom we were exchanged, were well clothed and in good flesh and spirits, most of them having valises or knapsacks full of surplus cloth- ing, and all their officers had their trunks and brandy flasks, both well filled.
On board the great "Nebraska "} with roomy decks and the best of accommodations for soldiers we had
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NINETEENTH IOWA INFANTRY.
again Hard Tack and coffee. The change was greater than ever before I experienced.
The morning of the 24th, we were marched into the city of New Orleans in all our rags and dirt. We were reviewed by Gen. Canby, who gave us words of cheer, and seemed to think we would get to go home. I append an article taken from a New Orleans paper, of the 25th inst.
ARRIVAL OF PRISONERS-REBEL CRUELTIES-CON- DITION OF THE PRISONERS .- Yesterday, at about the hour when Sabbath bells were ringing, and good peo- ple preparing for worship, our citizens were aston- ished by the apparitions of a regiment, the like of which certainly never marched through the streets · of any christian city. Hatless and shoeless, without shirts and even garments that decency forbids us to name, they were greeted with a murmur of in- dignation almost universal. The shreds of butter- nut colored clothing that fluttered from their atten- uated forms deceived us all. We believed them rebels held as prisoners in our hands, and universal execrations was hurled upon the authorities for what was deemed their inhumanity to helpless prisoners. But we soon discovered our mistake, they were Union men taken by the rebels in battle, held many months in captivity and now returned to us for the sleek well . fed rebel soldiers that we gave up last week.
Decency forbids us to describe the utter nudity of these men, officers and soldiers.
Many of them had not rags to be ragged with, and as their bare feet pressed the sharp stones, the blood marked their tracks. Animated skeletons marching through the streets of New Orleans.
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HISTORY OF THE
They had just arrived from Red River in numbers nearly a thousand, comprising prisoners from many battle fields, many of them twelve to eighteen months in captivity. Their story is soon told, they are one installment from the great prison pen near Tyler, Texas, where from 'four to six thousand are gathered within a stockade fort at the rate of about a thousand to an acre of land. We will not sicken the reader with a recital of the disgusting history of this camp. Its fœtid atmosphere, its accumulated filth, its terrible destitution. They can be imagined, we have no wish to recite them.
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