Past and present of O'Brien and Osceola counties, Iowa, Vol. I, Part 35

Author: Peck, John Licinius Everett, 1852-; Montzheimer, Otto Hillock, 1867-; Miller, William J., 1844-1914
Publication date: 1914
Publisher: Indianapolis, Ind. : B. F. Bowen & company, inc.
Number of Pages: 774


USA > Iowa > O'Brien County > Past and present of O'Brien and Osceola counties, Iowa, Vol. I > Part 35


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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At the first meeting of the county committee, which was on the evening of the convention, O. H. Montzheimer was elected chairman; C. C. Cannon, vice-chairman ; George Raw, clerk, and C. P. Jordan, treasurer.


A large part of the budget was raised within the following month and on November 11, 1913. the county committee met and chose Donald G. Cathcart, who had helped organize the county, as the county secretary and Chester C. Welch as assistant county secretary. The regular county work was started immediately following this meeting and at the present time (April 1, 1914) seventeen groups are in active operation. These groups average about fifteen members each and meet once a week for Bible study, work and play. Besides this an Ames gospel team was at Sutherland for a week during the holidays and eight boys were converted; thirteen boys at- tended the Inter-County Older Boys' Conference and four were converted, a three-day Ames short course was held at Sutherland and reached one hun- dred and twenty-five farmers, and one at Primghar that reached two hun- dred and twenty-five farmers : five lectures concerning hog cholera were heard by over one thousand hog raisers and other cooperative events were held or supplemented in the different communities.


The ultimate aim of the county committee is to have a group within easy walking distance of every boy in the county and have programs for these groups that appeal to the class of boys that compose the group. Also to co-operate with all movements for the best interest of the people of O'Brien county as a whole and each community in particular. and, by cooperating with the Iowa State College of Agriculture and the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture, make O'Brien county the best county of the best state in the Union, and this can be done by making better boys. "Give the boys a chance."-Abraham Lincoln.


CHAPTER XXIII.


LODGES OF THE COUNTY.


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ANCIENT FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS.


In all well developed countries, where religion and the higher order of civilized life obtains, are found lodges of this most ancient and honorable or- der. There are numerous lodges within O'Brien county, including the follow- ing, of which only a brief outline history can be given in this connection :


Rising Star Lodge No. 496, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, re- ceived dispensation from the grand master under date of April 18, 1888, to organize a lodge at Sanborn and on April 24. 1888, it held its first meet- ing, officers being as follows: J. B. Dunn, worshipful master; W. S. Arm- strong, senior warden; F. A. Turner, junior warden; J. S. Nye, treasurer; E. L. Ballou, secretary; C. H. Winterble, senior deacon; Thomas T. Mc- Mann, junior deacon; H. E. Thayer and George J. North, stewards; George M. Shuck, tyler ; D. Algyer, chaplain.


The charter members included the above and James Shaw, G. W. Alex- ander, James D. Wilson, Thomas Rollins, E. C. Foskett and W. H. Brown. Masters since the organization have been as follows: J. B. Dunn, W. S. Armstrong, C. H. Slocum, David Algyer, J. S. Nye, S. A. Carter, J. E. Stott, E. J. English, R. Hinman, Alexander Stewart, W. W. Artherholt, D. H. Smith, H. A. Mitchell, J. P. Knox, O. H. Montzheimer. The present member- ship is eighty-seven and the present officers are: O. H. Montzheimer, master; D. B. Shearer, senior warden; E. E. Richards, junior warden; R. Hinman, treasurer ; J. S. Nye, secretary ; David McCreath, senior deacon ; J. H. Knox, junior deacon : W. A. Rosecrans and Alex McCreath, stewards: J. S. Nve, Jr., tyler.


Samara Chapter No. 105. Royal Arch Masons, was instituted at San- born August 23, 1883. special dispensation having issued by the grand high priest of Iowa under date of August 7, 1883. The first officers were : George H. Olmsted, high priest ; T. J. Alexander, king : Cal Bradstreet, scribe : H. D. Chapin, captain of host ; Harley Day, principal sojourner : George B. Davids.


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royal arch captain: E. M. Brady, master of third veil; George W. Schee, master of second veil: George McCullow, master of first veil.


On August 2, 1900, by order of Grand High Priest N. B. Hyatt, issued in pursuance of vote of the chapter previously held, the chapter was removed to Primghar, where it has since been located, being the only chapter of Royal Arch Masons in the county. Those who have held the office of high priest are George H. Olmsted, Cal Bradstreet, William Harker, J. H. Wolf, Harley Day, O. H. Montzheimer, Alexander Stewart and Roy King. The present membership is eighty-three. The present officers are: Roy King, high priest ; Arch Shearer, king; William Ortman, scribe; R. Hinman, treasurer: J. S. Nye, secretary; Alex. Stewart, captain of host; H. B. Bossert, principal sojourner: D. Shearer, royal arch captain; Jess Byers, master third veil ; Alex McCreath, master second veil; Ed. Fritche, master first veil: J. B. See, sentinel.


Primghar Chapter No. 241, Order of the Eastern Star, was instituted June 22, 1898, with the following first officers: Miss Ella Seckerson, worthy matron ; Ralph Hinman, worthy patron; Mrs. Fannie Stott, associate matron; J. S. Nye, secretary; J. E. Stott, treasurer ; Miss Merte Rogers, conductor : Miss Glo Stearns, associate conductor ; Mrs. Eva Stearns, Adah ; Mrs. Carrie Armstrong, Ruth: Mrs. Jennie Montzheimer, Esther; Mrs. Emma Williams, Martha: Mrs. May Rosecrans, Electa; H. L. Williams, warder: W. A. Rosecrans, sentinel.


The present officers are: Mrs. May Rosecrans, worthy matron; Roy King, worthy patron; Miss Edith Brown, associate matron; R. E. Langley, secretary ; Jennie Montzheimer, treasurer; Mrs. Nellie Olander, conductor ; Mrs. Ethel Wolf, associate conductor; Mrs. Minnie Metcalf, chaplain ; Miss Ethel Shearer, Adah; Mrs. Harriet Hinman, Ruth; Mrs. Marie Bossert, Esther: Mrs. Edith King, Martha: Mrs. Vida Peck, Electa; Mrs. Jessie Hinz, warder; Alex. Stewart, sentinel; Miss Dorothy Stamp, marshal; Mrs. Hilma Thatcher, organist. Number of members at present time, one hun- dred and twenty-two.


According to the statement of David Algyer, of Paullina, in his history of the town, the history of Fulton Lodge No. 499, is as follows :


On the 16th day of June, 1888, by authority of the grand lodge of Iowa, a dispensation was granted to J. D. Laudi, John V. Adkins, W. H. Barber, George Haase, Stephen Harris, George Hakeman, A. Hanson, W. W. John- son, C. R. Waterman. W. N. Dunham, Jacob Fisch, J. C. Doling, A. C. Dunn, W. H. Wilkerson, and George P. Buell to organize a Masonic lodge in Paullina, to be known as Fulton Lodge No. 499, Ancient Free and Ac-


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cepted Masons. These brethren, having been faithful to their trust and efficient in their workmanship, were on the 4th day of June. 1889. granted a charter. The first officers of Fulton Lodge were: J. D. Laudi, worshipful master : John V. Adkins, senior warden: W. H. Barber, junior warden; George Hakeman, treasurer; George P. Buell, secretary; Stephen Harris, senior deacon; A. C. Dunn, junior deacon; George Veeder, senior steward; A. Hanson, junior steward: C. R. Waterman, tyler. The lodge has grown and prospered and has a membership of seventy-four Master Masons and the following named have served as worshipful masters since its organiza- tion : J. D. Laudi, J. V. Adkins, S. Harris, George P. Buell, George Veeder. Edward Bachman, Henry Scott, David Algyer, and F. V. D. Bogert.


On the 23rd day of October, 1901, a charter from the grand chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star of Iowa was granted to the following named ladies of Paullina : Mrs. Marie S. Algyer, Mrs. A. W. Adkins, Mrs. Z. Dudley, Mrs. Ruth Fitton, Miss Helen Algyer, Mrs. Minnie Henderson, Mrs. Kate Hendry, Mrs. Byrdette Harris, Miss Nettie Metcalf, Mrs. Harriet E. Moffit, Mrs. Annie L. Pratt, Mrs Laura Veeder, Mrs. M. J. Williamson, Mrs. L. A. Wollenberg, Mrs. A. Watts and Mrs. Ella Warner, to organize Sweet Brier Chapter No. 299 at Paullina. The first officers of the chapter were: Mrs. Marie S. Algyer, worthy matron : J. V. Adkins, worthy patron : Mrs. Annie L. Pratt, associate matron. The chapter is in a flourishing condition with the following officers: Mrs. Byrdette Harris, worthy matron ; F. V. D. Bogert, worthy patron: Mrs. Gertrude Bogert, associate matron : Mrs. B. J. Maytom, conductress : Mrs. Helen Raak, assistant conductress ; Mrs. J. V. Adkins, treasurer; and Miss Lena Moorhead, secretary.


Beacon Lodge No. 495, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Hartley, was instituted March 10. 1888, with the following charter members: John I. Story, D. T. Stewart, E. B. Messer, F. L. Searls, Frank Patch, John W. Lothian, R. G. Allen, M. L. Gilbert, Peter Sitler, Frank L. McOmber, A. J. Brock, T. M. Corns, W. S. Fuller, C. H. Westfall, R. Hodgson, Sr.


The first list of officers were: John I. Story, worshipful master : D. T. Stewart, senior warden; E. B. Messer, junior warden; F. L. McOmber, senior deacon; A. J. Brock, junior deacon; R. G. Allen, senior steward; C. H. Westfall. junior steward: Frank Patch, secretary; W. S. Fuller, treasurer : Peter Sitler, 'tyler; W. G. Lothian, chaplain. The lodge now has a membership of ninety-seven. The second floor of the Stewart building, on the west side of Main street. has been occupied by this lodge since 1901. The elective officers in November, 1913, were: H. T. Broders, worshipful


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master ; H. J. Grotewohl, senior warden; C. C. Planck, junior warden ; R. O. Rumann, secretary; Frank Patch, treasurer; F. A. Conn, senior deacon; Charles Boyce, junior deacon; A. Teakle, senior steward; C. H. Westfall, junior steward; John Haynes, tyler; G. R. Gilbert, chaplain.


Abiff Lodge No. 3-47. Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Sutherland, was instituted June 7, 1876, by the subjoined persons: D. H. Wheeler, J. C. Doling, A. H. Willett, C. W. Inman, E. C. Brown, G. W. Schee, Harley Day, Elmer C. Faskett, William H. Brown, S. J. Jordan, William Pursell, Moses Dinion, John T. Stearns, James Wykoff, A. B. Husted. R. C. Jordan . is present worshipful master: Leigh Drake, senior warden; H. H. Hendrick, junior warden; F. L. Nichols, secretary; H. N. McMaster, treasurer. The present membership is about seventy-four. The lodge owns their own hall, valued at fifteen thousand dollars. Every member is paid up to date and every past master's picture hangs upon the walls of the lodge room. It will be observed that this lodge is in a flourishing condition and must stand for the good things to be enjoyed by the great fraternity.


At Sanborn, Onyx Lodge No. 419, AAncient Free and Accepted Masons, was instituted in 1909. Its officers are: W. H. Wheaton, worshipful master ; C. H. Barber, senior warden; A. V. Brady, junior warden: H. H. Britton, secretary. The present membership is one hundred. The lodge leases its hall. The past masters have been: D. Barker, C. S. Cornell, F. W. Horton, J. A. Johnson, G. W. McFarland, H. Vanderlip, T. Zimmer- man.


Mistletoe Lodge No. 376, at Sheldon, was instituted June 20, 1876, by the following persons: H. B. Wyman, E. M. Winslow. J. C. Elliott, J. A. Brown, S. W. Harrington, J. D. Bunce, E. A. Ward, Robert Sturgeon, J. A. Wagner. A. E. Frear, O. A. Borden, W. J. Dunham, W. J. Newell, W. N. Strong. The present officers are: F. E. Frisbee, worshipful master ; C. L. Dixon, senior warden; F. J. Brown, junior warden; E. A. James, senior deacon; F. W. Miller, junior deacon: Benjamin Jones, treasurer ; Scott Martin, secretary; C. B. Brownslow, tyler. The lodge now has a member- ship of one hundred and twenty-two. The past masters of this lodge have been : H. B. Wyman, J. C. Elliott. W. N. Strong. Ed C. Brown, F. Howard, W. D. Boies, O. P. Mabee. D. E. Dean, P. W. Hall, James Cowie, H. J. Cram. A. J. Walsmith, H. E. Palmer, J. R. Elliott, H. J. Brackney, F. E. Frisbee. The blue lodge is all of Masonry that is represented at Sheldon.


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INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS.


Odd Fellowship has long had a stronghold in O'Brien county. The fraternity now has prosperous lodges in various parts of the county, includ- ing the following who have kindly furnished the facts for the author :


At Hartley there is what is known as Hartley Lodge No. 507, which was instituted October 23, 1890. Among the first members were: F. N. Drake, L. C. Green, Frank Kelley. J. E. Wheelock and C. E. West. The 1913 elective officers are William Franke, noble grand; H. C. Gunnerman. vice-grand; C. Boyce, secretary; J. F. Eichner, financial secretary; D. C. Maass, treasurer. In 1900 the lodge erected a fine hall, costing three thou- sand dollars. Three degrees of the order are represented in Hartley, and the total membership is ninety.


There is also a lodge of this fraternity at Sanborn. known as No. 434. and also an encampment. The bodies here are in a prosperous condition and are a power for good in the surrounding community, as the rule is to properly exemplify the teachings of the order. There is a lodge at Sheldon.


Paullina Lodge No. 483, of Odd Fellows, was instituted on the 9th day of February, 1885, and the following officers elected at that time: W. F. Clark, noble grand; W. R. Johnson, vice-grand; George Hakeman, secre- tary; W. W. Johnson, treasurer; T. Lasson, inside guard: I. L. Rerick, warden : C. S. Paul, right supporter noble grand ; W. W. Johnson, right sup- porter vice grand; C. A. Collett, left supporter vice grand. The lodge was organized by E. R. Wood, district deputy grand master, with eight charter members, being W. R. Johnson, Theodore Larson, W. F. Clark, C. S. Paul, C. A. Collett, I. L. Rerick. George Hakeman and W. W. Johnson.


The members who have served as noble grand of the lodge are: W. F. Clark, W. R. Johnson, O. D. Hamstreet. George P. Buell, J. P. Bossert, J. W. Bunker, I. L. Rerick, A. Thompson, J. D. Smith, L. N. B. LaRue, James Manley. W. J. McCauley, A. P. Jacobs, George Carfield, George Veeder, A. W. Proctor, George Hodgdon, William Steen, C. Meltvedt, W. T. Winn. S. R. Hovland, F. M. Bethel, M. L. Peterson, J. L. Delmage, A. W. Barney, Charles Ihle, J. R. Gruver, W. M. Sutter, M. Zimmerman, W. A. Hamilton, Charles Delmage, H. M. Sutter, A. Meltveldt, Elmer Bryson, J. E. Thomp- son, Albert Ihle, Theo. Moll, H. G. Culp. John Tjossem, Carl Krull, Oscar Wallquist and George Miller. The lodge has enjoyed a good, wholesome growth.


Wild Rose Lodge No. 2944, Daughters of Rebekah, at Paullina, has the


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subjoined history in brief : It was October 21, 1904, when a large number of wives and daughters of members of the Odd Fellows fraternity at this point organized a lodge. It now has a membership of one hundred and seven.


Sutherland Lodge No. 415, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was organized October 20, 1887, with James Parks as noble grand: H. A. Peck, vice grand; C. H. Brintnall, secretary; B. Thompson, treasurer. Other charter members were James Park. F. L. Bidwell, I. D. Modesitt, Thomas Short. Thomas Bethel. The lodge now enjoys a total membership of eighty- two. They erected a substantial hall in 1911, twenty-five by one hundred feet, at a cost of nine thousand dollars. Three degrees of the order are here represented. The officers ( elective) in the fall of 1913 were as follows : Fedder Fedderson, noble grand: W. M. Andrews, vice grand; F. W. Hulser. secretary : George Braungard, financial secretary: R. W. Boyd, treasurer.


Primghar Lodge No. 506, at Primghar, was organized October 23. 1890, with the following membership: F. M. McCormack, W. H. Noyes, J. R. Borland. H. O. Smith, Hans Johnson, Frank A. Turner and E. H. Cook. The first noble grand was H. O. Smith, and the vice grand was R. P. Jones. The present ( fall of 1913) officers are: Alexander McCreth, noble grand; Thomas Irvin, vice grand; R. P. Jones, secretary; W. H. Brown, financial secretary ; J. B. Sanders, treasurer. The lodge now has a member- ship of eighty-four. The lodge was organized in the court house and the first night there were twenty-one new members initiated into the fraternity. For a time lodge was held over the creamery and later was removed to the store room of the Noyes building, which later was destroyed by fire. Then the lodge, feeling the need of permanent quarters, in connection with Jacob Wolf of the Bell newspaper office, erected the present fine brick building on the corner of Main and Cross streets, facing the south. In this building, which was erected in 1895, the order has a fine lodge room and all the furni- ture needed to carry on the work of the subordinate lodge. The part owned by the Odd Fellows-the second story-cost between five and six thousand dollars. The Yeomen and Woodmen lodges have from time to time leased from the Odd Fellows. A Rebekah lodge was organized a few years after the original organization of the Odd Fellow's lodge and still supports the order in excellent shape. Among the men who have served as noble grands may be recalled the following: H. O. Smith. R. P. Jones, M. S. Metcalf. J. B. Sanders, Richard Gray, George Kruse (deceased ). A. V. Conway (de- ceased), Henry Johnson (deceased), W. H. Christopher, Thomas Byers.


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Thomas Kameria, Frank Edington, John Irvin, W. H. Brown, W. N. Hul- bert, John A. King. John F. Doyle, Charlie R. Asquith, James Beers, Bert Bertelson and George D. Smith.


KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.


The Knights of Pythias lodge at Sheldon has been written up by one of its worthy leading members in the following style-rather unique :


"If we shall depart from the stale usage of identifying ourself by a number, as though we were an 'iten' of stock in trade or some such thing, and insist that our name is our identity in the community in which we live. and elsewhere, and accordingly introduce the reader to Malta, Knights of Pythias, the reader will understand Malta has some reasons satisfactory to itself for doing so.


"Our reasons are historical, and probably too abstruse to interest the uninitiated. Let it be said, Malta stands quite alone among the many subor- dinates-not in the least subordinate, but paramount and excellent in the precepts of a ritualism at once sublime, far-reaching and appealing to every better instinct of man, and making itself especially attractive to decent men.


"There is a reason for Malta, among the many, and the foregoing, conscientiously practiced, is the reason. It is the reason why Malta will celebrate her quarter century anniversary August 7, 1914, with a member- ship considerably in excess of one hundred.


"In that quarter of a century, Malta has witnessed the decay of every castle hall in this county, but one, more recently organized, and the single one in which Malta had no part.


"Malta has seen the wreckage of Hartley, Sanborn, Primghar, Suther- land, Rock Rapids, LeMars, Sioux Centre, Hull, and some few more distant places, washed with the ebb and flow of what once promised to be pleasant seas. But the men at the wheel and in the chart house failed in the critical time when channels varied from the marked course, and hidden reefs were unchartered.


"Of the twenty-two men who accepted charter for Malta, August 7, 1889, PP. XXV, eight are active members today.


"Early in their experience it was observed one cannot have mental re- servations in taking solemn obligations,-extraordinary obligations as bind- ing as any oath known to man,-and then fail therein, with any greater degree of esteem by one's neighbors than any other form of perjury.


"Moved by such meditations, these men carefully nurtured the future


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of Malta by the admission of those, in the main, who could and would easily accept the standard set for them.


"With sincerity of purpose, it was also observed that efficiency in ritual- ism is of first importance in dignity and spirit of the organization.


"The same spirit controlled the Uniform Rank company, which dis- banded after having taken three consecutive first prizes, with statewide com- petition. for excellency in the manual of arms and full company movements, as prescribed by the judges. The greatest performance was the complete manual of arm and company movements on a baseball diamond in seventeen minutes, with no error charged to the work.


"Such a thing as a pre-arranged set of officers, or 'slate,' has never been and would not be tolerated. if attempted.


"Harmony is another word for friendship, in knighthood, at least, and among the Maltese men friendship is not endangered by any individual's ambition.


"Malta declines, emphatically, to indulge in any of the noisy and clap- trap methods, sometimes prescribed; neither does Malta tolerate dissipation in any form; but of fun and frolic of the wholesome kind, there is plenty. Every meeting night after business, a smoker, or musical by the quartet, are among the usual features.


"Those who were officers twenty-five years ago, those who are officers today, and those who will be after the first of each year cannot possibly interest the reader."


Purity Lodge No. 196, at Calumet, was organized in January. 1908, and now has a membership of fifty-two. The first officers were: F. Nott, chancellor commander : George Reifsteck, vice chancellor; Gene Grant, prel- ate; Thomas Rehder, keeper of records and seal: Fred Smith, master of exchequer ; E. Mann, master of finance. The order leases a hall over the business house of Mr. Fleer, on the south side of Main street. The 1913 elective officers were: Webb Clark, chancellor commander; Honnis Weise, vice chancellor ; Gene Grant, prelate ; Guy Bidwell, master at arms; J. Red- mann, master of work; Ollie Sohm, keeper of records and seal; George Reifsteck, master of exchequer. The past chancellors have been C. S. Siev- ers, George Reifsteck, E. W. Miller, J. H. Doling, F. Nott.


Empire Lodge No. 202, Knights of Pythias, at Sutherland, was char- tered October 3, 1888; has a membership of seventy-six, and leases a hall. The present officers are: C. J. Phillips, chancellor commander ; George Butler, vice chancellor: F. L. Nichols, secretary; Ed. Briggs, treasurer.


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CHAPTER XXIV.


TOWNS AND TOWNSHIPS.


O'Brien county is now divided into seventeen sub-divisions, or civil townships. The following is an historical account of these townships, in- cluding the various towns situated within their borders. In most instances the schools and churches of the townships are found within separate general chapters of this work, hence have not been repeated in these township his- tories.


The incorporated towns of O'Brien county are Sheldon, Sanborn. Hartley, Moneta, Archer, Primghar, Calumet, Paullina and Sutherland. Its unincorporated towns are Gaza, Plessis and Germantown. Its elevator sta- tions are Ritter, Evander, Max and Waterman Siding.


CITY GOVERNMENT.


The incorporated town is under the immediate city or town government composed of a mayor, city or town council, city clerk or recorder, city at- torney or solicitor, marshal, street commissioner, and other city officials and committees. The school governmental affairs are noted in the Educational chapter. Sundry town, township and school items will be considered under other various heads and articles.


NAMES OF TOWNSHIPS.


The townships of the county are Hartley, Lincoln, Franklin, Floyd, Sheldon, Omega, Center, Summit, Carroll, Grant, Highland, Dale, Baker, Waterman, Liberty, Union and Caledonia.


The townships of the county as numbered north from the mouth of the Arkansas river, according to the system of land surveys in Iowa, are num- bered 94, 95, 96 and 97, and the ranges, which are numbered from the east line of Jones county in Iowa, are numbered 39. 40, 41 and 42.


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TOWNSHIP GOVERNMENT.


Each township in O'Brien county is six miles square except Sheldon township, the seventeenth, which is made to conform to the city limits and was formed that the town might always have within the town two justices of the peace. Sheldon township also breaks into Floyd and Carroll to that extent. Summit township also includes all those parts of Center, Highland and Dale within the city limits of Primghar. Each township has two jus- tices of the peace who have a jurisdiction up to one hundred dollars, and .up to three hundred dollars by consent of the parties. This court can also impose fines to extent of one hundred dollars and commit or sentence to the jail of the county to the extent of thirty days. This court has sundry other duties. The justice may perform the marriage ceremony. A township has three trustees and a clerk, who deals with township matters, including road work and certain drainage matters, boundary-line items, court of fence viewers, deal with trespasses of domestic animals, making township levies and other duties. The road supervisor is the executive officer in many of these duties. These trustees and the clerk manage and act as judges of election. The assessor makes the assessments of property and other returns. The township officials in the main make their reports to the county auditor. A township can neither sue nor be sued, this being a protection to the people as against the frequent fluctuations in membership of this body of men. As a rule the school districts are laid off with reference to township lines, though meandering streams and other conditions at times prevents this. It is not a necessity. The independent district of Primghar has terri- tory in the four townships of Summit, Center. Highland and Dale. Suther- land school territory includes parts of Waterman, Liberty and Grant. The independent district of Hartley includes parts of Hartley, Omega, Lincoln and Center. The independent district of Sheldon has territory in Floyd, Sheldon and Carroll townships in O'Brien county and quite a large territory also in Sioux county. This question of school independent districts holding territory in more than one county gave rise to considerable litigation in its early organization, owing to the fact that the people of Sioux county re- sisted same, but Sheldon's proximity to the county line made it necessary and the courts sustained Sheldon's reasonable necessities.




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