USA > Iowa > Fayette County > The history of Fayette County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, &c. > Part 58
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Jud. Jones and Dr. Levi Faller were appointed Essayists for the April meeting.
The first Fair was held Tuesday and Wednesday, October 2 and 3; the stock, agricultural implements, etc., being exhibited on the Public Square, and the Methodist Church was utilized for an exhibition hall. Among the exhibit- ors were B. Van Velzer, J. N. B. Elliott, Wm. S. Rush, J. W. Foster, Thomas Turner, John Dollarhide, Samuel Holton, J. B. Parker, J. S. Hollingshead, George Shafer, Lewis Davis, John Thorp and David Scott (who raised one hun- dred and sixty-one bushels and fourteen quarts of corn on one acre of land), Gabriel Long, Sampson & Cowle, boots and shoes, Oliver Somers, Horatio Warner, J. W. Rogers, S. Underwood, Mrs. and Miss Humphrey, Mrs. Lewis Berkey, Mrs. Stowe, Mrs. McClintock and Mrs. Agnes Smith. Mrs. Smith furnished a large number of house plants for the Floral Hall.
468
HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
P. T. Sturgis exhibited a fine span of matched ponies " harnessed to a car- riage, which attracted considerable notice, but no premium was offered for such a rig."
Among the Judges on that occasion were John McMillan, James Kinyon, James Dorland, G. P. Stafford, H. B. Hoyt, J. S. Brewer, E. S. Linderman, George W. Neff, Henry F. Smith, Mrs. Fuller, Mrs. Rogers, Mrs. E. M. Somers, Mrs. S. Byam, Mrs. Hart, Mrs. Stowe and Mrs. Stedman.
An address was delivered by the President, S. Underwood, Esq., and the Fair was pronounced a magnificent success.
The records of the society, from the date of its organization to 1866, are not known to be in existence. Thomas Douglas was President in 1865. At the annual meeting, February 10, 1866, J. W. Rogers was elected President, William McClintock, Treasurer, and B. F. Conkey, Recording Secretary. Will- iam Ash was appointed a Committee on Fair Grounds and requested to raise funds by subscription, to build a building on the fair grounds. The first pur- chase of land for fair grounds had been made prior to this meeting, on the south side of Otter Creek, south of the town of West Union ; but at this meeting H. B. Hoyt was appointed to solicit subscriptions to purchase land for the society, adjoining the fair ground.
At the special meeting, June 2, 1866, a committee, consisting of William McClintock, J. J. Welsh and H. B. Hoyt, were appointed to purchase suffi- cient ground to make the track one-third of a mile. Mr. Wells would sell land to the society for $75 per acre.
For 1867, B. F. Conkey, President ; S. S. Ainsworth, Secretary.
For 1868, J. W. Rogers, President ; S. S. Ainsworth, Secretary.
For 1870, J. W. Rogers, President : J. W. Shannon, Secretary.
During this year, President Rogers was authorized to negotiate for and pur- chase two acres of ground adjoining the fair grounds, as an addition thereto, the price not to exceed $50 per acre.
For 1871, President, P. L. Hinkley ; Secretary, J. W. Shannon. A com- mittee was appointed, consisting of P. L. Hinkley, James S. Wright and Myron Peck, to make plans and estimates for a suitable building on the fair ground, and in September, Hinkley, Wright and S. S. Ainsworth were appointed a commit- tee to erect a suitable building for the exhibition of articles; the cost not to exceed $100.
For 1872, President, H. B. Capwell; Secretary, B. F. Conkey. In October, William McClintock and D. M. Hoyt were appointed to negotiate with owners of land adjoining the fair ground, for the purpose of securing sufficient ground to make a half mile track, and bring east side of fair ground to Vine street.
For 1873, J. S. Brewer, President ; J. J. Berkey, Secretary.
For 1874, same.
For 1875, same.
For 1876, D. W. Twitchell, President : W. E. Welsh, Secretary.
For 1877, D. W. Twitchell, President ; C. B. Roberts, Secretary.
For 1878, J. J. Welsh, President ; W. B. Herriman, J. B. Pember, Hiram Hoagland. Vice Presidents ; C. B. Roberts, Secretary ; James Stewart, Treasurer.
CREAMERIES AND CHEESE FACTORIES.
A description of the Brush Creek Creamery, owned by Walrath & Hemin- way, will answer as a general type of the system. The building is a wooden structure, 24x62 feet, one story high. The floor is about a foot below the sur-
469
HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
face, and is cemented. In the first room are the churns and a chain pump, which furnishes plenty of good cold water. On the south side of the building is a platform to receive the cans from the farmer's wagons. The milk is empted from the farmers' cans into a tin receptacle capable of holding about two barrels. This rests on a weighing platform. The weigher's desk is close by, and the weight is entered on the farmer's pass-book and on a tabulated sheet tacked to the desk. This sheet is ruled into columns, each customer hav- ing one. At the end of the month, the columns are footed up and each patron's due is paid therefrom. The milk is at present drawn from the tank into strainer-pails, but a pipe is to be substituted for this laborious method. In the west room the milk is set. At present the apparatus consists of five large vats, each long enough to hold seven pans, which are four feet long, two feet wide, and ten inches deep. The pans are being gradually supplanted, however, by pails having a depth of about twenty inches. A pipe from the pump conveys water around the pans, and in Summer, the temperature is kept down by the help of ice. The cream is removed just as it becomes noticeably sour, and churned in two revolving churns worked by horse power, which is also used for pumping. The buttermilk is conveyed to a cistern, whence it is pumped into the empty milk cans of the farmers, who carry it home to be fed to pigs. The butter is carefully washed to remove all traces of buttermilk, a proper propor- tion of Ashton salt being worked in, and the butter is then packed into tubs (previously soaked to remove the flavor of the wood), the cover nailed on, the package stenciled with the name of the firm, and to whom it is to be consigned. The butter made at this Creamery is sold in New York.
The Brush Creek Creamery, during the month of May last, received over 7,000 pounds daily, patrons delivering twice a day. The price paid for the milk (really for the cream only, as the sour milk is returned to the farmers) varies according to the season, from fifty cents to a dollar per hundred. The amount of butter varies from three and one-half to four and a half per cent., the latter proportion being reached in cold weather, when the cows are fed on grain. It falls off one per cent. when fed on grass only.
The Creamery above described, was built in the Spring of 1877, and cost, including apparatus, about $1,200. It is superintended by Mr. Walrath, and constant care is given to every detail involving all the processes, cleanliness above all things, being the essential.
The other Creameries now operated in Fayette County are Maynard Creamery, - Snedigar, Secretary ; E. B. Little, Putnam ; Brayton & Castle, C. G. Wheeland & Son, J. A. Harris, Scott. There is also a large factory at Oelwein.
There are three Cheese Factories in Fayette County, the two largest at Clermont and West Union, both owned by the same company. The Clermont factory makes abont 300 pounds of cheese per day. Mr. Melvin, one of the proprietors, has charge. At West Union, 7,000 pounds of milk are received daily.
The Home Dairy, O. L. & George Gilson, proprietors, is six miles south- east of West Union, in Illyria Township. This factory works up the milk of twenty cows into cheese, but makes butter in Winter and Spring.
The above statements indicate the present condition of the dairy industry in Fayette County, but it is almost certain that the number of factories will be doubled in 1879, especially when it is a notable fact that the butter made at creameries brings one-half better price than the best article made by farmers' wives.
470
HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
FINE STOCK BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION.
A meeting of fine stock breeders was called at the office of C. R. Bent, in West Union, March 15, 1876, for the purpose of organizing the Fayette County Fine Stock Breeders' Association, auxiliary to the State Association. G. W. Brown, of Oelwein, was called to the chair and C. R. Bent elected Secretary.
J. K. Rosier, T. R. Talbot, H. Hoagland, William Kent, P. L. Hinkley and G. W. Brown were appointed to draft a Constitution, who reported the document, which was adopted and signed as follows: D. W. Twitchell, B. W. Slocum, Ephraim Robinson, J. P. Webster, Hiram Hoagland, J. K. Rosier, William Kent, J. J. Shaw, C. R. Bent, F. J. Carter, J. S. Brewer, T. R. Tal- bot, P. R. Ketchum, G. W. Brown, J. Irvin and G. F. Lyman.
The following officers were elected : President, G. W. Brown ; Vice Presi- dents, T. R. Talbot, John Irving, William Kent, J. P. Webster, E. Robinson ; Secretary, G. W. Lyman ; Treasurer, C. R. Bent.
At the annual meeting held at Mr. Bent's office January 4, 1878, the fol- lowing officers were elected, viz. : President, J. K. Rosier ; Vice President, P. L. Champlin ; Treasurer, C. R. Bent ; Secretary, P. R. Ketchum. John Irvin and J. K. Rosier were appointed delegates to the State Association.
A resolution was passed, requesting the Board of Supervisors of Fayette County to submit to the voters of Fayette County the question of restraining stock from running at large, at the next general election.
The following preamble and resolution, presented by J. S. Brewer, was adopted, by one majority, after a lengthy discussion :
WHEREAS, The Fayette County Agricultural Society has shown an unfriendliness to fine stock breeding, and
WHEREAS, The Society has offered too great a proportion of the premiums to horse-trotting and horse racing, therefore
Resolved That the Fine Stock Breeders' Association will not exhibit their stock at the com- ing county fair in 1878.
The following, presented by D. W. Twitchell, was unanimously adopted :
Reso'ved, That horse-trotting and horse-racing at agricultural fairs is detrimental to the interests of Agricultural Societies, and drains their treasury.
FAYETTE COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.
In May, 1868, Drs. Parker, Alexander, Armstrong and Robinson, of West Union, and Dr. Aldrich, of Fayette, were called to Wadena to treat a man whose gun had been discharged while his arm was over the muzzle, in the act of leaning; the result necessitating an amputation. After the operation had been performed, the physicians met at the hotel, when the idea occurred to them that they would organize a County Medical Society. They accordingly appointed a committee, consisting of Drs. Robinson and Parker, to draft By-laws and Reg- ulations and to issue a call for a meeting of the physicians of the county. In answer to this call, a meeting was held at West Union December 23, 1868, and elected Dr. Robinson President pro tem. Their permanent organization was effected in May, 1869, and the first board of officers elected as follows : Pres- ident, Dr. C. C. Parker; Vice President, Dr. S. E. Robinson ; Secretary and Treasurer, Dr. E. R. Zeigler ; Corresponding Secretary, Dr. James Barr ; Censors, Drs. Alexander and Chase. Present (1878) officers are : President, Dr. S. E. Robinson ; Vice President, Dr. N. A. Drake ; Secretary and Treas- urer, Dr. S. H. Drake; Corresponding Secretary, Dr. C. C. Parker ; Censors, Drs. G. D. Darnell and D. Alexander. The Society, says the present Secre- tary, is in a fine, flourishing condition, and fully up to the standard of such organizations.
471
HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
HOME INSURANCE COMPANY.
This nearly forgotten company was organized in 1864, and in the first articles recorded, appear the names of C. H. Foote, L. C. Manzer and John Long as incorporators.
The first incorporation was June 4th, but on the 10th of the same month, new articles were adopted, with three additional names. It was clothed with power to take risks from fire, lightning and inland navigation. John Long was the moving spirit in working up business for the company, and under his man- agement the company did an extensive and prosperous business.
March 27, 1869, the company was reorganized, under the name of Fayette Home Insurance Company, H. S. Brunson, John Webb, Elmer Allyn, Hiram Sweet and others, incorporators.
The re-organization was made necessary by the law passed by the Legisla- ture during the preceding Winter, by the operation of which it was necessary to have at least $25,000 of negotiable assets. About this time, Prof. Brush bought out the stock and interest of Long.
In the Fall of 1870, negotiations were opened between the Home Company and the Great Western of Chicago, for a transfer of the business and franchise of the former to the Chicago concern. This was accomplished about October 8, 1870, the Fayette Company re-insuring its risks for $9,000 and taking a bond of the Great Western for $25,000 for security for its duties under the contract. As a consideration to the stockholders of the Fayette branch, they received new stock in the Great Western, bearing the certification that 20 per cent. had been paid thereon, and also stating that the shares were non-assessable. D. C. Sperry was made Local Manager, Long re-appearing for a sufficient time to set the con- cern going under the new order of things.
Prof. Brush retired soon after the re-organization, a good deal of ill-feeling having grown up between him and others among the stockholders. At one time a law suit was in prospect, but more peaceful counsels prevailed. It is stated, however, that charges were preferred against Mr. Brush, and that he was cited to maintain his character at the Conference of the M. E. Church, which was held at Independence. It was broadly hinted among the ungodly that Brush would be silenced from preaching by the Conference. Rev. C. W. Copeland con- ducted Brush's defense with great ability, and he was not only triumphantly acquitted but was made Presiding Elder of the Charles City District.
The community of Fayette was profoundly interested as to the upshot of the matter, and, on the evening of the day on which the trial was held, quite a crowd gathered at the post office to get the news about the trial from the Indepen- dence stage driver. As soon as he arrived, he announced the result. A butcher of Fayette, who was a violent opposer of all secret societies and who was con- fidently expecting to hear that Brush had been expelled from the Church, ex- claimed in his wrath over that gentleman's good luck, "It's Free Masonry that's at the bottom of it ! If they bring charges against him again, the Ma- sons among the preachers will make a Bishop of Brush !"
The great fire in Chicago, in 1871, worked destruction to the Great Western Insurance Company. It is probable that the concern had a very large line of risks in Chicago. Shortly after the fire, the officers called a meeting of the stockholders, which was attended by J. L. Paine, of Fayette, who was placed on the Executive Committee. That committee, on the strength of a "cooked" report, recommended that an assessment be made on the stock, that the losses be paid, and that new business be worked up. But the stockholders, notwith-
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HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
standing the statement that the prestige of rising, Phoenix-like, from the ashes of the Chicago fire, was worth a certain large sum in cash, did not "indulge in the illusions of hope " to the extent of responding by postal order or draft. But the suffering policy-holders got the concern into bankruptcy, where it was adjudged and decreed that the stock holders were liable for the unpaid 80 per cent. on their certificates, and the collection was enforced by U. S. Marshals, the stock-holders at Fayette not being forgotten, notwithstanding the non-assess- able feature of the scrip.
Since paying the judgment and costs of the cases against them, the citizens of Fayette have not cared to invest their savings in insurance companies based on a fog.
EDUCATIONAL.
The first schools taught in Fayette County were private or subscription schools. Their accommodations, as may be readily supposed, were not good. Sometimes they were taught in small log houses erected for the purpose. Stoves and such heating apparatus as are in use now were unknown. A mud and stick chimney in one end of the building, with earthen hearth, with a fire-place wide enough and deep enough to take in a four-foot back log, and smaller wood to match, served for warming purposes in Winter and a kind of conservatory in Summer. For windows, part of a log was cut out in either side, and may be a few panes of eight-by-ten glass set in, or, just as likely as not, the aperture would be covered over with greased paper. Writing benches were made of wide planks, or, maybe, puncheons resting on pins or arms driven into two-inch auger holes bored into the logs beneath the windows. Seats were made out of thick planks or puncheons ; flooring was made out of the same kind of stuff. Everything was rude and plain ; but many of America's greatest men have gone out of just such school houses to grapple with the world and make a name for themselves, and names that come to be an honor to their country. In other cases, private rooms and parts of private houses were utilized as school houses, but the furniture was just as plain.
But all these things are changed now. A log school house in Iowa is a rarity. Their places are filled with handsome frame or brick structures. The rude furniture has also given way and the old school books, the " Popular Reader," the "English Reader " (the finest literary compilation ever known in American schools), and " Webster's Elementary Spelling Book," are superseded by others of greater pretensions. The old spelling classes and spelling matches have followed the old school houses, until they are remembered only in name.
Of her school system, Iowa can justly boast. It has sent out a large number of representative men whose names are as familiar to the nation as they are in the histories of the counties and neighborhoods in which they once lived. While the State has extended such fostering care to the interests of education, the sev- eral counties have been no less zealous and watchful in the management of this vital interest ; and Fayette County forms no exception to the rule. The school houses and their furnishings are in full keeping with the spirit of the law that provides for their maintenance and support. The teachers rank high among the other thousands of teachers in the State, and the several County Superin- tendents, since the office of Superintendent was made a part of the school sys- tem, have been chosen with especial reference to their fitness for the position.
473
HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
The first Superintendent of Schools in Fayette was S. W. Cole, who held the office for several years. G. W. Fitch is the present incumbent, who says : " It is impossible to get anything like a correct record of the educational affairs of Fayette County previous to 1876."
The following summary for the years 1876 and 1877 is compiled from Mr. Fitch's reports :
1876
1877
Number of district townships.
12
12
Number of independent districts
75
67
Number of sub-districts ..
91
31
Number of ungraded schools.
159
158
Number of graded schools.
7
8
Average duration of schools-months
5.90
7.00
Number of male teachers
84
99
Number of female teachers.
230
233
Average compensation per month to male teachers.
$39.75
$32.32
Average compensation per month to female teachers ...
20.86
22.77
Number of male pupils between 5 and 21 years ...
4,487
4,592
Number of female pupils between 5 and 21 years
4,232
4,373
Number of pupils enrolled.
4,830
6,998
Total average attendance.
3,120
4,138
Average cost of tuition per scholar
$1.35
$1.29
Number of frame school houses
138
136
Number of brick school houses.
8
17
Number of stone school houses.
9
Number of log school houses.
2
Value of school houses
$97,415.00
$100,445.00
Value of apparatus
950.00
1,675.00
SCHOOL HOUSE FUND-1877.
On hand at last report ..
$4,454 99
Received from district tax
13,697 89
Received from other sources.
1,561 06
Total debits.
19,713 74
Paid for school houses and sites
9,531 24
Paid for libraries and apparatus.
93 86
Paid on bonds and interest.
4,125 05
On hand ...
5,963 59
Total credit.
19,713 74
CONTINGENT FUND-1877.
On hand at last report ..
$5,256 02
Received from district tax
12,226 40
Received from other sources
403 09
Total debit ..
17,885 51
Paid for rent of school houses.
274 06
Paid for repairing school houses ...
5,046 40
Paid for fuel.
3,320 62
Paid Secretaries
541 42
Paid Treasurers.
513 51
Paid for records, dictionaries and apparatus. Paid for other purposes
3,420 61
On hand.
4,612 07
Total credit
17,885 57
TEACHERS' FUND-1877.
On hand at last report.
$21,617 04
Received from district tax
30,839 57
Received from semi-annual apportionment.
7,805 12
Received from other sources
922 19
Total debit ..
61,183 92
Paid teachers since last report.
37,640 69
On hand.
23,543 23
Total credit.
61,183 92
As a contrast to the above showing, it is well to recall the fact that, in the Winter of 1846-7, the children of Andrew Hensley were sent to Eads'
L
156 72
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HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
Grove to school ; and that, to visit their parents, in the lonely wilderness of Fayette County, they once or twice made their way on foot, through the snow, in sight of Indian camps, and past Jo. Hewitt's trading post. The trail they followed is now dotted every half mile with farm houses, with a dozen school houses, filled with the youth who have been born and reared in Iowa, and who are to succeed the pioneer family of Hensley, as useful, honored citizens of Fayette.
UPPER IOWA UNIVERSITY.
In another place, it will be noticed that Webster, the first white man to set- tle on the ground now occupied by Fayette, located about 1844 or 1845; and. in 1854, the project of founding a college was under discussion by the handful of settlers who composed the population of Westfield and Fayette. But so it is. The covered wagon is the intermediate link between the Indian's tepee and the white settlers' frame dwelling ; the log school house is midway between the council tent and the shapely pile that the Anglo-Saxon builds for church, for school or Court House. The contributions of the Robertsons and the Alex- anders measured almost entirely the resources of the first subscription paper. The inception of the enterprise is to be dated from 1854. In the following: year, the work began upon the foundation and the walls of the first story were laid. Mark that the population of Fayette County, at the end of 1855, could not have exceeded five thousand souls. In the Summer of 1855, the projectors of the enterprise agreed among themselves to place the intended school under the patronage of the Methodist Episcopal Church. When Conference met, in September, the tender was made and accepted on behalf of the body of the Church. Conference appointed a Board of Trustees to care for the property, and the proverbial zeal of the Methodist Church is well exemplified in the trans- actions of the Trustees for the two subsequent years. Methodism and the enthusiasm of 1856 had joined hands to build a University near the banks of the Volga, six years after the Indian had left his tent poles to rot down in the- groves along that stream, and the task was soon accomplished.
A history of Fayette and of the Upper Iowa University would not be com- plete without a mention of Robert Alexander, who settled in Westfield Town- ship in June, 1849, and died at his home in Fayette November 29, 1862. Mr .. Alexander was born near Knoxville, Tenn., May 20, 1794. He learned the- hatter's trade at Nashville, and, in 1814, removed to Indiana. He remained in Indiana until 1832, when he enlisted and served through the Black Hawk war. He then returned to Lafayette, Ind., and, in 1836, removed to Parish Grove, where he kept a hotel until the year of his removal to Iowa. It seems to be a. fact that the initiation of the project of founding a college at Fayette grew out of a conversation between Rev. H. S. Brunson and Mrs. Alexander, the gentle- man suggesting to her that her youngest daughters should go to Mount Vernon. to school. . This led to family discussions between Mr. and Mrs. Alexander and the Robinsons, and it was thought among them that a school could be founded at Fayette.
When the first idea budded into form, Mr. Alexander subscribed the munifi- cent sum of $10,000, to which he added seven thousand more, and finally, to complete the building, when money could not be had, he deeded 4,000 acres of land to the college. Soon after the enterprise had been made successful, Mr. Alexander became interested in his spiritual welfare, and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church at Fayette, with which body he remained.
475
HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY.
connected until his death, surrounded " by all that should accompany old age- honor, love, obedience, troops of friends.'
At the meeting, March 12, 1856, of the Trustees of Fayette Seminary, who had been appointed by the Iowa Annual Conference the previous Autumn, the following gentlemen were present : Ministers-H. S. Brunson, John Webb, L. S. Ashbaugh, H. W. Reed ; Laymen-James E. Robertson, Perry Perkins, S. M. Leach, J. H. Maxson and Curtis R. Bent. The meeting was held at the house of James E. Robertson, and was organized by the election of Rev. H. S. Brun- son, as President ; J. H. Maxson, Secretary, and James E. Robertson, Treas- urer ; H. W. Reed, L. S. Ashbaugh and J. H. Maxson were chosen a committee to draft Articles of Incorporation, which were presented at the same meeting, adopted and ordered to be copied out for record. J. H. Maxson was appointed a committee to procure a deed of the seminary grounds, which was presented during the sitting, accepted and ordered to be filed for record. H. W. Reed, Jos. R. Cameron and A. J. Kynett were appointed a committee to procure a plan for the building, and the Building Committee was chosen, composed of H. S. Brunson, Jas. E. Robertson, J. H. Maxson, S. H. Robertson, C. R. Bent and J. S. Brewer. Rev. L. S. Ashbaugh was invited to act as soliciting agent, which position he accepted.
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