USA > Idaho > The history of Idaho > Part 27
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"In January the several County Treasurers make their settle- ments with the State Treasurer. The outstanding warrants will then be reduced to about $35,000, leaving the outstanding indebted- ness as follows :
Bonded indebtedness, less amount in Capitol building
fund .$134,556.00
Outstanding warrants 35,000.00
Total indebtedness $169,556.00
"By an act of the Fifteenth session of the Territorial Legisla- ture, $50,000 was appropriated for the construction of a wagon road from Mount Idaho to Little Salmon Meadows. Bonds drawing six per cent. interest covering the above appropriation have been sold at a small premium, but only $11,000 delivered to the purchasers. The remaining $39,000 are to be delivered as funds are required on completion of contracts, which will be late in 1891.
284
THE HISTORY OF IDAHO
"The bonds issued under the act of 1877, amounting to $46,- 715.06, mature and become payable December 1, 1891. Provision must be made for their redemption.
"The Capitol building bonds for $80,000 fall due in 1905, and are drawing interest at the rate of seven per cent. per annum, and may be redeemed at the pleasure of the State at any time after ten years from the date of their issue. There is a sinking fund for the payment of the interest and redemption of these bonds maintained by one-tenth of all State and County licenses and from the rents derived from the Capitol building. There is in this fund $23,158.61. This money is lying idle. I therefore recommend that you author- ize its investment in State warrants where it will draw interest, thereby adding another source of revenue to this fund. If so em- ployed and with the continuance of the percentage obtained from licenses this fund will liquidate the bonds before they mature. The Insane Asylum bonds, $20,000, bear interest at the rate of six per cent. per annum; $5,000 of these bonds fall due December 1, 1892, and $5,000 per annum thereafter until all are paid.
"The expenses during the first year of statehood will be greater than in succeeding years. After a careful investigation, I present the following estimates :
Executive Department $ 19,500.00
46,500.00
Legislative Department
31,000.00
Insane Asylum
20,000.00
State Prison 20,000.00
Conveying prisoners to Penitentiary
3,000.00
State Prison Library.
75.00
Capitol Building expenses
3,260.00
Militia
5,000.00
Interest on indebtedness
10,200.00
Library, etc.
4,000.00
5,000.00
Commissioner of Labor, Immigration and Statistics. .. Code Commission, printing of proceedings of Constitu- tional Convention, etc.
10,000.00
Total
$177,535.00
"I estimate the assessed value of property in the State in 1891 at $28,000,000 and recommend a levy of sixty-five cents on the hundred dollars for general fund purposes. This would give an income of $182,000.00 Estimated income from poll tax. 8,000.00
From insurance licenses and fees from Secretary of
Judicial Department
285
FIFTEENTH SESSION LEGISLATURE
State and State Treasurer's offices
4,000.00
Total $194,000.00
"The tax levy would then be classified as follows:
For general fund purposes, 65 cents; for State University at Moscow, 5 cents ; for wagon road purposes, 2 cents. Total, 72 cents on each $100 of assessable property.
"I recommend that the outstanding bonds of the act of 1877, amounting to $46,715.06, and falling due December 1, 1891, be refunded and that issuance of bonds be authorized for all ap- propriations for public buildings.
"As a considerable part of the expense of the Columbian Expo- sition will not be required until 1892, I recommend that warrants be drawn on the ganeral fund covering your appropriation for that purpose. The expense of State government for the second year of statehood should not exceed $130,000.00.
"The reports of the State Auditor and State Treasurer will be laid before you. The Auditor's report covering the financial trans- actions of the Territory for the past two years is very complete and comprehensive and his suggestions worthy of careful and thoughful consideration."
It will be seen by the Governor's message that the total amount of Territorial indebtedness at the time we took on statehood, less cash in the treasury, was $236,170.00, and that when the Terri- torial portion of the taxes for 1890 was paid in a month later, that the indebtedness would be reduced to $169,560.00. This certainly shows that the financial condition of the Territory at the time it was transferred to and came under State government was in a good healthy state. Had the expenses of State government not execeed- ed what our then Governor estimated, to-wit: "For the first year, $177,535.00, and second year, $130,000.00," with our rapid increase of taxable property, we would long since have been out of debt, had taxes lowered and had money in the treasury to meet all de- mands on a cash basis. But this has not been done. While our population and our taxable property has increased since 1890 about three hundred per cent, the current expenses of our State govern- ment have increased at a more rapid rate, and the tax levy for State purposes was raised the first year of statehood from forty cents on each one hundred dollars of assessable property to almost double that amount, and has continued so ever since. It seems that this high rate of taxation on all of the three hundred per cent in- crease of property since statehood, is necessary to pay the current expenses of State government, and to pay the interest on several
286
THE HISTORY OF IDAHO
hundred thousand dollars of bonded debt incurred since statehood, the principal of which the people will have to pay sooner or later by taxation.
I respectfully suggest that it is about time to call a halt on the issuing of any more bonds and to try to pay up, rather than to increase the debt. We have a fine State with great resources, we want people with wealth, brains, energy and muscle to come and settle here and help us develop the God-given resources of our new State. We will drive or keep them away by running extravagant State and county governments, which always oppress the people with high taxation. We think it about time for our lawmakers and State officers to pause and look around and see if they have not loaded on to the taxpayers about as much as they can bear up under, and try in the future to lessen their burdens rather than increase them.
Again we copy from Governor Shoup's message of December 10, 1890, to the first session of our State legislature, what he had to say about the public schools in Idaho at the time we entered statehood. This subject is discussed on pages 14 and 15 of the Governor's message referred to, as follows:
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
"The public schools of the State are in a prosperous condition. The report of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction has not yet been received, but is promised at an early day. I have, however, obtained the following summary which by comparison with the school year ending August 31, 1888, shows, gratifying gains.
1888.
1890.
Number of school districts
337
410
Number of school houses
269
315
Children of school age.
. 20,433
25,741
Amount received for school purposes in 1888, $158,512.69; in 1890, $202,235.47.
Balance on hand September 1, 1890, $34,592.93.
"While our school system is not perfect in all respects, yet it has in the past proved to be satisfactory, and our schools are in a prosperous condition. I cannot, therefore, recommend its re- vision at your first session when your time will be heavily taxed with other important and urgent legislation."
I have made the above quotations from our late lamented Gover- nor Shoup's message to our first State legislature, first, because they come from a man who was perfectly reliable and stated nothing but facts. Second, to show the condition of our public schools at
287
FIFTEENTH SESSION LEGISLATURE
the time we took on statehood; and last, but not least, to show how much more expensive our legislatures and State officers have made the current expenses of our State government than our first Gov- ernor anticipated they would be for many years. Had our law- makers followed the suggestions made by this grand and patriotic Governor who believed that no more State offices should be cre- ated than were actually necessary, and that every officer should earn his salary, the burdens of taxation would have been very much lighter on our people, and our public debt would now be very much less than it is.
Before closing this chapter, I desire to call attention to the magnificent gifts the Congress of the United States conferred on Idaho in the act admitting her into the Union of States, in the way of public lands for different purposes. They are as follows: For scientific schools .100,000 acres State Normal schools 100,000 acres
Support and maintenance of Insane Asylum 100,000 acres Charitable, educational and reformatory institutes. . 100,000 acres State University 50,000 acres
Support and maintenance of Penitentiary 50,000 acres
Agricultural College 90,000 acres
Capitol Building 32,000 acres
University purposes, act of 1881 46,080 acres
In addition to the above, Congress has given to the State of Idaho for public school purposes two sections of land in each town- ship of thirty-six sections, amounting in this last gift to one-eigh- teenth of all the land in the State. Reduced to acres, it amounts to about 3,000,000 acres. True, the greater portion is in the moun- tains, but it will all be valuable in time to create an irreducible fund to educate future generations.
In addition to the above, Congress gave to Idaho the United States Penitentiary with its equipment and one hundred and sixty acres of land connected therewith.
CHAPTER LVII.
NAMES OF GOVERNORS, SECRETARIES, FEDERAL JUDGES, U. S. ATTOR- NEYS, U. S. MARSHALS AND TERRITORIAL OFFICERS DURING TERRITORIAL DAYS.
The reader will remember that during our Territorial days the President of the United States had power with the advice and con- sent of the United States Senate to appoint the following officers for the Territory: Governor, Secretary, Judges, U. S. Attorney, and the U. S. Marshal. Idaho certainly had her full share of these appointments, both in number and variety. Several of those ap- pointed governors never came to Idaho, some would come and stay a short time and go away on leave of absence, remaining away most of the time, not forgetting to draw their pay but leaving the duties of the office to be performed by the Secretary of the Ter- ritory. Fortunately the Secretary was usually more agreeable to the people than the Governors. The names of the Governors ap- pointed for Idaho with the date of appointment are as follows: William H. Wallace
.appointed March 10, 1863
Caleb Lyons . . appointed February 26, 1864
David W. Ballard.
. appointed April 10, 1866
Samuel Bard (never came) . . appointed March 30, 1870
Gilman Marston (never came) . appointed June 7, 1870
Alex. H. Connor (never came) appointed January 12, 1871
Thos. M. Bowen (stayed one week) . appointed April 19, 1871 Thos. W. Bennett appointed October 24, 1871 D. P. Thompson . appointed March 16, 1875
Mason Brayman. . appointed July 24, 1876 John P. Hoyt (never came) . appointed August 7, 1878
John B. Neil.
appointed July 12, 1880
John R. Irwin . appointed March 2, 1883
Wm. M. Bunn .appointed March 26, 1884
E. A. Stevenson (first resident) . appointed September 29, 1885
Geo. L. Shoup (second resident) .appointed April 1, 1889 TERRITORIAL SECRETARIES. Wm. Daniels. appointed March 10, 1863
C. DeWitt Smith. . appointed July 4, 1864
H. C. Gilson (skipped with funds) appointed September 4, 1865
S. R. Howlett appointed July 26, 1866
E. J. Curtis . appointed May 4, 1869
289
TERRITORIAL OFFICERS
E. J. Curtis. . appointed February 5, 1874
R. A. Sidebotham. . appointed April 29, 1878
Theodore F. Singiser appointed December 22, 1880
Edward L. Curtis . appointed March 3, 1883
D. P. B. Pride .appointed July 2, 1884
E. J. Curtis appointed February 12, 1885
E. J. Curtis . appointed February 12, 1889
Idaho was divided, during her Territorial existence, into three judicial districts. The President appointed a Judge for each of these districts, and these three District Judges constituted the Su- preme Court of the Territory. One of these judges was always designated as the Chief Justice, and he was the presiding officer of the Court when they met once a year as a Supreme Court. The other two were the associate justices. The following are the names of the Chief Justices appointed by the President:
Sidney Edgerton appointed March 10, 1863
Silas Woodson
. appointed July 26, 1864
John R. McBride. appointed February 28, 1865
Thos. J. Bowers appointed July 18, 1868
David Noggle. . appointed April 9, 1869
M. E. Hollister . appointed January 14, 1875 Wm. G. Thompson appointed January 13, 1879
J. T. Morgan . appointed June 10, 1879
J. B. Hays. .appointed August 14, 1885
H. W. Weir. appointed September 29, 1888
James H. Beatty . appointed May -, 1889
ASSOCIATE JUSTICES.
A. C. Smith. . appointed March 10, 1863
S. C. Parks. . appointed March 10, 1863
Milton Kelley .appointed April 17, 1865
John Cummins . appointed May 29, 1866
R. T. Miller .appointed July 1, 1868
J. R. Lewis appointed April 15, 1869
Wm. C. Whitson .appointed July 12, 1870
M. E. Hollister
. appointed March 20, 1871
John Clark
. appointed January 14, 1875 H. E. Prickett
. appointed January 19, 1876
Norman Buck appointed January 27, 1880
Case Broderick .appointed May 1, 1884
John Lee Logan . appointed May 18, 1888
C. H. Barry appointed August 13, 1888
Willis Sweet . appointed 1889 His-19
290
THE HISTORY OF IDAHO
CLERKS OF THE SUPREME COURT.
A. L. Downer . appointed June 9, 1864
Wm. J. Young appointed March 31, 1866
Sol. Hasbrouck appointed March 1, 1868
Don. Noggle. . appointed July 5, 1869
Thos. Donaldson . appointed May 11, 1871
Wm. D. Hughes appointed January 4, 1872
E. C. Sterling appointed February 4, 1872
A. L. Richardson . appointed March 26, 1872
S. H. Hays. . appointed 1889
Sol. Hasbrouck. . appointed March 10, 1890
UNITED STATES MARSHALS.
D. S. Payne. appointed March 13, 1863
J. H. Alvord. . appointed April 17, 1865
H. W. Molton . appointed 1869
Joseph Pinkham appointed March 25, 1870
E. S. Chase . appointed May 10, 1878
F. T. Dubois . appointed September 4, 1882
Ezra Baird. . appointed September -, 1886
U. S. ATTORNEYS.
G. C. Hough. appointed February 29, 1864
A. Huggan . appointed 1868
J. W. Huston . appointed April, 1869
Norman Buck appointed May, 1878
James R. Butler .appointed May, 1880
W. R. White. . appointed May, 1881
James H. Hawley .appointed May, 1885
DELEGATES TO CONGRESS.
W. H. Wallace. unexpired term, January 4, 1864, to March 4, 1865
E. D. Holbrook, two years. . March 4, 1865, to March 4, 1867
E. D. Holbrook, two years March 4, 1867, to March 4, 1869
J. K. Shafer, two years. March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871
S. A. Merritt, two years March 4, 1871, to March 4, 1873
John Hailey, two years
March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875
S. S. Fenn, two years March 4, 1875, to March 4, 1877
S. S. Fenn, two years. March 4, 1877, to March 4, 1879
George Ainslie, two years
March 4, 1879, to March 4, 1881
George Ainslie, two years March 4, 1881, to March 4, 1883
T. F. Singiser, two years March 4, 1883, to March 4, 1885
John Hailey, two years March 4, 1885, to March 4, 1887
F. T. Dubois, two years. March 4, 1887, to March 4, 1889
F. T. Dubois, two years March 4, 1889, until statehood
291
TERRITORIAL OFFICERS
The names of the Territorial officers appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the legislative council are as follows:
AUDITOR.
John M. Bacon .appointed July 23, 1863
B. F. Lamkin. . appointed September 23, 1863
B. F. Lamkin . appointed February 6, 1864
B. F. Lamkin appointed December 23, 1864
H. B. Lane. .appointed January 27, 1867
(Name of office changed to Comptroller and Superintendent of Schools.)
Wm. R. Bishop . appointed May 14, 1867
Daniel Cram. . appointed January 1, 1868
Daniel Cram . appointed January 16, 1869
Daniel Cram appointed January 16, 1871
Daniel Cram . appointed January 7, 1873
Joseph Perrault appointed January 15, 1875 Joseph Perrault. . appointed January 15, 1877 James L. Onderdonk appointed February 14, 1881 James L. Onderdonk . appointed February 14, 1883 S. W. Moody . appointed February 7, 1885
J. H. Wickersham . appointed February 11, 1887
J. H. Wickersham. . appointed February 8, 1889
NAMES OF TERRITORIAL TREASURERS.
D. S. Kenyon appointed September 7, 1863
D. S. Kenyon. . appointed February 8, 1864
Ephriam Smith . appointed May, 1864
E. C. Sterling . appointed January 7, 1867
appointed January 16, 1869
J. S. Gray.
E. C. Sterling appointed January 16, 1871
John Huntoon appointed February 16, 1872
John Huntoon. . appointed January 7, 1873
John Huntoon . appointed January 15, 1877
John Huntoon
John Huntoon appointed January 15, 1879 John Huntoon appointed January 15, 1883
Joseph Perrault appointed February 12, 1885
Charles Himrod. appointed February 12, 1887
Charles Himrod
. appointed February 8, 1889
SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION.
J. R. Chittenden .appointed December 23, 1864 W. R. Bishop. appointed July 25, 1866
appointed January 15, 1875
292
THE HISTORY OF IDAHO
(From 1867 to 1887 this position was consolidated with that of Comptroller.)
S. W. Moody. appointed February 11, 1887
C. C. Stevenson . appointed February 11, 1899
ATTORNEY-GENERALS.
D. P. B. Pride . appointed February 7, 1885
R. Z. Johnson appointed February 5, 1887
R. Z. Johnson appointed February, 1889
(This office was not created until 1885.)
SURVEYOR-GENERALS.
LaFayette Cartee appointed August 13, 1866
LaFayette Cartee . appointed 1869
LaFayette Cartee . appointed April, 1873
Wm. P. Chandler
appointed 1878
Wm. P. Chandler
. appointed 1881
J. W. Straughn appointed 1885
W. H. Pettet. . appointed 1889
We have given the names of several of these federal officers in another chapter, but have concluded to give them all here for a convenient reference.
CHAPTER LVIII.
INTERESTING ITEMS TAKEN FROM THE BOISE NEWS OF 1863 AND 1864,
A NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED AT IDAHO CITY BY T. J. AND J. S.
BUTLER-THE FIRST PAPER PUBLISHED IN THE
SOUTHERN PORTION OF IDAHO TERRITORY.
"PROCLAMATION."
"By the Governor of the Territory of Idaho:
"Whereas, by the 15th Section of the Act of Congress approved March 3, 1863, to provide a temporary government for the Terri- tory of Idaho, until otherwise provided by law, the Governor of said Territory may define the judicial districts of said Territory, and assign the judges who may be appointed for said Territory to the said districts, and also appoint the time and places for holding courts in the several counties and subdivisions of each of said judi- cial districts by proclamation to be issued by him;
"Now, therefore, be it known that I, William H. Wallace, Gov- ernor of the Territory of Idaho, by virtue of the authority vested in me by said act do define the judicial districts as follows:
"For the First district, the Counties of Idaho, Nez Perce and Sho- shone; for the Second district, the County of Boise; for the Third district, the County of Missoula and the country east of the Rocky Mountains.
"Courts to be holden in the First district for the County of Idaho at Florence on the first Monday in February, 1864; for the County of Nez Perce at Lewiston, on the third Monday in Febru- ary, 1864; for the County of Shoshone at Pierce City, on the first day of March, 1864; in the Second district, for the County of Boise at Bannock City (now Idaho City) on the second Monday of February, 1864; in the Third district for the County of Mis- soula, at Hell Gate, on the second Monday in February, 1864; in the country east of the Rocky Mountains at Bannock City (east) on the second Monday of March, 1864.
"The Judges will be assigned as follows:
"To the First district, Judge A. C. Smith; to the Second district, Judge Samuel C. Parks; to the Third district, Judge Sidney Ed- gerton.
"Given under my hand at Lewiston, this, the eighteenth day of November, 1863.
(Signed) W. H. WALLACE. "WM. B. DANIELS, Secretary I. T."
294
THE HISTORY OF IDAHO
On account of the murder of Lloyd Magruder, a special term of court was held at Lewiston in January, 1864, by Judge Samuel C. Parks, to try the Magruder murderers.
From the Boise News, December 26, 1863, we take the following: "Justice Walker fined himself five dollars on Thursday morning for becoming angry in court and swearing at an attorney."
We copy the following from the Boise News of December 26, 1863, published at Bannock City (now Idaho City), giving the prices of groceries, dry goods, etc .:
"Corrected weekly by Higbee & Company, dealers in general merchandise, groceries and provisions, corner Main and Wall Street, Bannock City.
"Prices Current :
N. B. The prices stated for produce are the buying prices; for groceries and general merchandise, the selling prices.
"Groceries and Produce:
Butter, per lb. $1.25
Potatoes 25 to 30c
Green Apples .50c
Dried Apples
50 to 55c
Dried Peaches 65 to 75c
Shoulders
60c
Chickens, per doz. $36.00
Eggs, per doz. 2.00
75c
Ham, per lb.
40 to 50c
Lard, per lb.
Salt, per lb. 35 to 40c
Beef, on foot, per lb. 121/4c
60 to 70c
Syrup, per gallon $5 to $6
Tea per lb. $1.50 to $2
Flour per 100 lbs. 33 to $36
Onions, per lb. 25 to 30c
Rice, per lb. 50c
.50 to 70c
Coffee, per lb. .70 to 75c
Candles, per lb. $1.00 Tobacco, Nat. Leaf, per lb. 1.60 to $2.25
Tobacco, sweet, per lb. 1.30 to $1.50
Beans. per lb. 40 to 45c
Nails. cut, per lb. 40 to 50c
Soap, per lb.
70 to 80c
Side Bacon, per lb.
Sugar, per lb.
295
INTERESTING NEWSPAPER ITEMS
Clothing :
Women's Kip Boots
Women's Calf, per pair 6.00
Men's Kip Boots, per pair 9.00
Men's Brogan Shoes, per pair 3.50
Men's Calf Boots .
12.00
Woolen Drawers, per pair
$1.50 to $2.00
Red Drawers, per pair
$2.50 to $3.00
Men's Quilted Brogans
.$12.00
Gum Boots, long legs
11.00
Men's Cavalry Boots
$12.00 to $15.00
Men's Boots, long gr. $16.00
Cal. best Blankets
Salem Blankets $13.00 to $15.00
Oregon Socks, per doz. $9.00
Best Cal. Wool Shirts . $3.00 to $4.00
Buck Gloves, per doz. $18.00 to $30.00
Red Undershirts, per doz. $30.00 to $36.00
Wines and Liquors :
Best Champagne, per doz. $48.00
96.00
Best Champagne, per case.
24.00
Cal. Wine, per case
Claret Wine, per case 24.00
Sherry, per gal. in wood 7.00
Port, per gal. in wood 7.00
Schnaps, per case 24.00
Bakers Bitters, per case $24.00 to $30.00
Bakers Bitters, per case $24.00 to $30.00
Goddard Brandy, per g.
$10.00
Juler R. & O. per g. $10.00
Pelivosin & Silt, per g. $6.00 to $7.00
Hermitage Whiskey, per g. $7.00
Essence of Old Va., per g. $7.00
Magnolia, per g. $6.00 to $6.50
$6.00
Eureka Whiskey
Cutler Whiskey $7.50
Kerosene Oil, per gal. $8.00 to $9.00
(The above prices were usually paid in gold dust at the rate of $16.00 per ounce, when the real value of the gold dust was only $14.50 to $15.00 per ounce.)
From the Boise News, Idaho City, Idaho, Saturday, February 27, 1864:
$3.50
Gum Boots, short legs
$10.00
$30.00
296
THE HISTORY OF IDAHO
"The first term of the district court in and for Boise County convened here last Tuesday, the 23rd inst., Hon. Samuel C. Parks presiding. This county having more population at that time than the balance of the territory, and never having had a term of court held in the county, there was a large number of civil and criminal cases on the docket.
"The first order of the court was the issuance of a venire return- able on Thursday morning, the 25th, for thirty-six persons pos- sessing the qualifications of jurors.
"The next matter taken up was the examination of the certifi- cates of attorneys. The following gentlemen having shown to the court that they had been admitted in other states and territories, after taking the oath of allegiance prescribed by statutes, were enrolled as members of the bar as follows:
"Geo. C. Hough, J. K. Shaffer, Edward Nugent, Geo. I. Gilbert, H. L. Preston, John S. Gray, A. Heed, John Cummins, Daniel Mc- Laughlin, Frank Miller, I. N. Smith, R. B. Snelling, Geo. Ainslie, E. D. Holbrook, C. B. Wait, V. S. Anderson, J. S. Hascall, W. C. Rheem, W. R. Kethly, R. A. Pierce, J. J. Morland, H. W. O. Margary and Joseph Miller.
As there was no other business before the court for that day, the Judge stated that he felt it his duty to make a few remarks, which were as follows:
"Gentleman of the Bar :- Before proceeding with the regular business of the term, I owe it to myself, to you and to the people of this county to make a few remarks. The position of a Judge of the second judicial district was not sought by me. In saying this, I do not say that the position is not an honorable one. On the con- trary, it is one of which an abler man than I am might well be proud. But it was my desire and expectation, and I believed it was yours, that the Chief Justice of this Territory should be assigned to this district. There is in this part of the Territory far more population and legal business than in either of the other two districts. There are many cases here involving character, liberty and life; there are others here on which depend large pecuniary interest. It is doubt- ful whether any court in so new a country ever needed more ability, integrity and experience.
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