USA > Illinois > Madison County > Alton > Gazetteer of Madison County : containing historical and descriptive sketches of Alton City, Upper Alton, Edwardsvile, Collinsville, Highland, Troy, Monticello, Mairne, Bethalto, and other towns, including some account of the resources of the various townships, to which is added a directory of the Altons,. > Part 1
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THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
LIBRARY 977.386 H122
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL SURVEY
----- -
MADISON COUNTY. ILLINOIS.
H. N. KENDALL, MANUFACTURER OF
CRACKERS
OF EVERY VARIETY.
STEAM BAKERY,
Cor. Second and Easton Streets, ALTON, ILLINOIS.
M. O'CONNER, CARPENTER, BUILDER AND
UNDERTAKER
Office and Shop on State Street, opposite Third. ALTON, ILLINOIS. METALLIC CASES, CASKETS. COFFINS & TRIMMINGS, Kept constantly on hand.
A GAZETTEER OF
ALTON STEAM ENGINE AND MILL WORKS, DUNFORD & BROOKS, Proprietors, Cor. Front & Henry Sts .. ALTON, ILLINOIS. Our facilities for furnishing
Steam Engines, Saw & Grist Mill Machinery Are unsurpassed by any House in the West. DUNBAR'S PATENT SELF-ADJUSTING STEAM PISTON PACKING. We are Sole Proprietors of TRAVIS' PATENT GOVERNORS, For steam Engines; and they are applied to all Engines built at our Works.
BROOKS' DOUBLE-ACTING GOVERNORS. Steamboat and Locomotive Work, PROMPTLY DONE! JOHNSON'S CHALLENGE SAW MILL, With Brooks' Improvement,
Is manufactured by us, and is unequalled, being warranted to cut 1,000 feet per hour.
MULEY AND GANG SAW MILLS. Agents for MIXTER'S SAW GUMMER AND SHARPENER. WROUGHT IRON STEAM PIPES, From one inch to three and one-half inches, constantly on hand. Steam Guages, at Manufacturers' Prices. Sheet Iron Work, Tobacco Presses. Lard Presses, Lard, Cauldron and Potash Kettles, Sugar Mills, House Castings, Brass Castings, Mandrils, Boxes and Pulley Castings of every Description. C. McGINNASS' IMPROVED CHALLENGE ' SMUT MACHINE & SEPARATOR COMBINED J. JOHNSON'S PATENT CAST-METAL CONCAVE BRAN-DUSTER. ORDERS ARE RESPECTFULLY SOLICITED. GIVE US A CALL.
GAZETTEER
MADISON COUNTY,
CONTAINING
Historical and Descriptive Sketches of
ALTON CITY, UPPER ALTON, EDWARDSVILLE, COLLINSVILLE, HIGHLAND, TROY, MONTICELLO, MARINE, BETHALTO, AND OTHER TOWNS.
INCLUDING SOME
ACCOUNT OF THE RESOURCES OF THE VARIOUS TOWNSHIPS,
TOGETHER WITH
AN EXHIBIT OF THE MANUFACTURING ESTABLISH- MENTS, NEWSPAPERS, BANKS, CHURCHES, SCHOOLS, AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS OF THE COUNTY;]
TO WHICH IS ADDED
A DIRECTORY OF THE ALTONS, AND A
LIST OF THE NAMES, OCCUPATION AND RESIDENCE ADDRESS OF THE MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS AND FARM- ERS, OF THE TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES OF THE COUNTY.
ALTON, ILLINOIS: COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY JAMES T. HAIR. 1866.
ENTERED ACCORDING TO THE "ACT OP CONGRESS" IN THE YEAR 1866, BY JAMES T. HAIR,
IN THE CLERK'S OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLIN HIS.
S. V. CROSSMAN & CO., PRINTERS, ALTON, ILLINOIS.
977.386 + 125
PREFACE.
This work is issued, not as a history, but as its title indicates a GAZETTEER of Madison County. Its origin was in the preparation of a book con- taining descriptive, statistical and other sketches of the towns, villages » and townships, together with a list of the citizen's names, with their post office address, etc., such as would be a hand-book of reference for the officers' professional and business men of the County. But at the request of many who became patrons of the work, a portion of it was set apart for items of history, some of which were already prepared in manuscript and other forms not deemed sufficiently durable to insure the preser- vation they deserved; and this is the result. The publisher claims for this work on his part neither historical nor literary merit. It has simply been his aim to attain that degree of accuracy which the topics demand, and perseverance may secure. And for whatever of merit it may possess, it is a pleasure to acknowledge the obligations he sustains to many citizens of the county, who have contributed information for the pages of this book in manuscript evidently prepared with much time and patient labor.
Before a complete and well written history of a locality can be prepared it is necessary that narrations of the subject matter it contains, shall have had the benefit of a somewhat general circulation in order that it pass through the "refiner's fire" of criticism-from those who are in many cases better prepared to judge of their accuracy than he who publishes them-and come forth the pure metal of facts. This book, so far as con- cerns its historical contents, may be considered a step in that direction for Madison County.
The annals of Alton were obtained by personal conversation with many of the older citizens and from files of old papers and other documents; the Church statistics were furnished by the ministers or officers of the re- spective Churches; the account of the Masonic, Odd Fellow and other societies, by those long identified with these respective organizations, as were also the facts given of the newspapers, schools, manufactories, etc. etc. A similar statement may be made in regard to the facts contained in the sketches of the various towns of the county.
J. T. H.
693525
100
INDEX.
PAGE.
PAGE.
Preliminary Sketch of the His- tory of "Illinois Country". .... Organization of Madison County Table of Townships ..
Physical Description of the Coun- ty. Original Towns, Post Offices, etc Population of Madison County 1818 to 1865
Statistics of 1850
Coal Mines. 15 and 16
Agricultural
Statistics 1840 ..
1860-1-2-3.
1860, 1865.
1865.
Climatology
Flora of the County
Fauna .. 66
Old French Claims.
Traces of the French in the Co
Legend of the Piasa ..
Extracts from Marquette
Table of U. S. Surveys of Madi- son County
Early Immigration
Indian Murder
Settlement of Canteen
Monks of La Trappe
Gov. Edwards and Events of 1812 First Courts
List of Citizens in 1815.
First Jail built.
First Court House
Edwardsville in 1816.
Slavery in the Territory
Laws and Customs
pertaining
thereto.
Governor Coles
Indian Murder in 1814
Edwardsville Bank
The Altons located.
Old Village of Milton
Marine Settlement
Illinois admitted into the Union, Indian Treaty, First Newspa- per in the County
Description of Edwardsville, Mil- ton and Alton in 1819.
First Churches in the County.
Record of Marriage Licenses 1814 to 1819 ....
Record of Certificates 1813 to 1820 Internal Improvements.
The Trial of E. Green for Murder 63 9 Convention and Anti-Conven-
10
tion Parties of 1823-4 and their
Leaders ..
6-1
11
ALTON
69 to 126 1
12 Site and Surroundings 69
13 Natural Advantages and Re- sources 70
13 Early Settlement
71 to 86
14 Original Description of Lands,
and by whom entered.
17! List of Early Settlers. 79
18 Alton of 1837
19 Town Government. S6
20 City
antt
List
of
21
City Officers
87
22 Commercial
89
22| Manufacturing Interest ... .91 to 96
24 Alton and St. Louis Packet Co ... 91
96 30 to 37 Banking and Insurance .. ... 26 Churches and Sunday schools 98 to 109 27 Schools 109 to 115
30 Newspapers
115 to 121
Societies
121 10 124
37 Miscellaneous 125 and 126
38 UPPER ALTON
127 to 135
39 EDWARDSVILLE 135 to 143-
-11 COLLINSVILLE. 144 10 149 v
42 GODFREY
150 to 154
41 HIGHLAND 155 to 160
45 Madison County Directory 161 to 205
47 Alton City Directory 205 to 244
49|
Illinois Mutual Fire Ins. Co
244
49 Highland, continued 245
49 TROY 248
49
"Sixty Years Ago," (Massacre of the McMahan Family) 24S
50 Marine and Bethalto. 255 52| Venice, Moro and Moultonville .. 256 53 Alhambra, Greencastle and New 53 Dougllas. 257
53 Agricultural Society 257 to 260
53 Statistics 1860 ..
258.
53
Coal Products 1865.
259
Horticultural Society
260-3
Teachers' Association 263-5
54 Tornadoes, etc.
265-7
Political Statistics and Public
56 Officers. 267 to 272
56
Genealogical
and
Biographi-
cal ..
272 to 292
57
Capture of the Gillham Family
60 by the Indians. 274
62
Conclusion
292
S. V. CROSSMAN & CO.,
FRANKLIN
BOOK & JOB
PRINTING HOUSE,
ALTON, ILLINOIS.
We have facilities for doing the BEST JOB PRINTING IN THE NORTH-WEST,
BOOK WORK,
LABELS,
SHOW CARDS,
LETTER HEADS,
POSTERS,
WEDDING CARDS, CIRCULARS, BILL HEADS, TAGS,
BILLS OF LADING, PROGRAMMES, ETC., ETC.
We never do work without giving satisfaction, and being "up to the times." we are able to do all kinds of Printing, from a common Hand Bill to the finest Ornamental Work. Our prices "cannot be surpassed for cheapness" by any Establishment in the North- West. Send in your orders from the country by Mail, and you will receive your work by Express.
l'e employ none but competent workmen.
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
CLOTH & CASSIMERE MANUFRS.
CLOTHING. Drury, Caine,& Co. inside back cover Alton Woolen Mills, .... outside cover Hanson & Co. (manufactur- ers). .inside front cover
Vaughn Charles G.
xxi Hawver & Ferguson
liii
Schweppe J. W. & H.
viii
COMMISSION AND FORWARDING.
ger .. ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Kerr Daniel.
AUCTION & COMMISSION.
Crossman & Co.
1xv Williams & Co lxii
BANKS.
CRACKER FACTORY.
Alton National.
Ivii
Kendall H. N.
iii
lvi CONFECTIONERS.
JOESTING J. H. F.
1x
Joesting Charles L
xii
LEYSER JOHN xxxvii DRUGS, MEDICINES ETC.
BLACKSMITHS.
Clifford John & Sons.
xxxvii Crownover & Sackett.
Xxviii
Richardson Thomas. 1x Finke Adolph xxvii
Stohr Lawrence.
xlii
Pulte G. E.
XXV
Roesch Herman.
XXXV
Trares John S xxiii
1 Wadsworth & Son XXviii
DRY GOODS MERCHANTS.
li
Calm E. C.
xiv
Iviii Crownover & Sackett.
xxviii
xvi Flagg Richard.
lix
Scheuermann
George
J.
(maker) ..
xliv
Kremer
Kuhlenbeck John H XXVI
xi Scarritt Isaac & Co. lviii
Scheer H. C. xxiv
liv
Runzi B. & Co. XXxiv
Yaekel George & Co.
BROOMS, BRUSHES, ETC.
Whittlesey Elisha
xviii
FRUIT DEALERS.
Hollister & Co.
vii
King R. L ..
1xvi
FURNITURE.
Armstrong &
Pfeiffenber-
ger
O'Connor M.
iii
GROCERS (WHOLESALE.)
xiv Blair & Atwood outside front cover
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.
Purdy J. G ... lii
Clark E. C XXiii
Rodemeyer Charles lviii Fischbach & Elble xii
Flackeneker L. Xxxiv
lxvi
Krafft F. T
xxii
CIGARS, TOBACCO, &C.
Kuhlenbeck John H
xxvi
Neininger J. A. & Co ...
liii Starr Thomas G
liv
Scheutzel & Leach.
x
Scheer H. C.
xxvii
Schulze & Gorges 1x Stutz Leonard xxxvii
M'PIKE & NEWMAN represent the Home Fire Insurance Company, of Conn.
Lee & Chouteau ... outside front cover Bowman H. B BOOTS AND SHOES.
Boyle T. M.
Dimmock & Co.
Krafft F. T. xxii
XXvi
BRASS FOUNDER.
Standford Homer.
BREWERS.
Bauman & Peters XXXV
Whipple P. B. & Co.
FLOUR MILLS.
1
xviii Farber, McPike & Co
XLIX
Shooler F. J.
xliii
CABINET MAKERS.
Rowan & Henick.
Xxxix
CARPENTERS & BUILDERS.
Chaney & Levis
XXvii
lii Sutter & Bauer.
...
xiii
Wheelock. Pendleton & Co. CARRIAGE & WAGON MAKERS.
CHINA, GLASS & QUEENSWARE.
xlvi King R. L.
Clarkson J. J. & Co .. Crandall C. M. xliv
Billing & Co. , .... 1v
ARCHITECTS & CONTRACTORS.
Armstrong
€ Pfeiffenber-
lii Blair & Atwood ... outside front cover Largent R. T. lix
xxi Lock & Bro ...
xliii
Rowe & Drown
1xv
First National BAKERS.
Joesting J. H. F.
1x
Barry A. S .. xii
Schilling John.
xxxix
BOOKBINDERS.
Teasdale Benjamin. BOOKS & STATIONERY.
J. W. & H. SCHWEPPE, DEALERS IN
FINE CLOTHING, FURNISHING, GOODS, Hats, Caps, Umbrellas, Traveling Bags, &c., THIRD STREET, ALTON, ILL.
BE- All Goods sold at our House. "Must be just as Represented." aa
JAMES T. HAIR, COMPILER AND PUBLISHER OF
Western State Gazetteers, HISTORICAL, STATISTICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL; ALSO, STATE BUSINESS DIRECTORIES, OFFICES :-- CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS;
COMPILER OF ILLINOIS STATE GAZETTEER, 1864-5, 940 PP. COMPILER AND CO.PUBLISHER OF
IOWA STATE GAZETTEER, 1866, 803 pp. Sent by Mail or Express on receipt of Price, $5 00.
Of the Falne of this Work tothose interested in Iowa investments, let the following certificate speak:
DES MOINES, IOWA, March 12, 1866.
Having examined the "IOWA STATE GAZETTEER," recently pub- lished by Messrs. Bailey & Hair, we take pleasure in stating that the information it contains is remarkable acenrate, being derived from relia- ble sources. The descriptions of the various counties-furnished chiefly by early residents of those counties-will form a safe guide for parties desiring to settle in the State.
We heartily commend the book not only to Iowans, but to all who pro- pose to (invest or) locate "west of the Mississippi."
WM. M. STONE, Governor of Iowa. RALPH PHILLIPS LOWE. Chief ORAN FAVILLE, State Superin- Justice Supreme Court of Iowa, and Ex-Governor. tendent Publie Instruction. PETER MELENDY, U. S. Marshal. J. B. POWERS U. S. Commissioner and Senator, Blackhawk Co. H. C. HENDERSON, Senator, from Marshall, Story and Boone Cos. And many other well known offi- cers and citizens throughout the State. H. C. BULIN, Senator from Win- nesheik County.
Other State Gazetteers in Course of Preparation.
M'PIKE & NEWMAN represent the Unoin Mutual Life Insurance Company, of Maine.
A GAZETTEER
OF
MADISON COUNTY, ILLINOIS.
The County of Madison, so named probably after the President of the United States during whose administration it was organized, lies just below the 39th degree of north latitude on the west of Illinois. The Mis- sissippi river is its western boundary; the Missouri entering the former stream nearly at a right angle pours in its great flood of waters opposite, and the Illinois adds its stream a few miles above. No interior portion of America is more favored by nature with access to the water courses of trade, than the region lying on the Mississippi between the mouth of the Ohio and the Illinois. The Mississippi Valley is the garden of the world and this is its center.
For a proper understanding of the history of Madison County it may be well to insert a preliminary sketch of the history of the whole region once known as the "Illinois Country."
This vast region appears to have been first heard of by the French Jesuits in 1656, from a party of Algonquins, who accompanied two young Frenchmen on their return to Quebec, after two years wanderings in the wilds. These informed the inquiring fathers that there were a great number of nations inhabiting the country adjacent to the Puants, who seem to have inhabited the country about what is now called Green Bay, but which is marked on the Jesuit missionaries' map of 1670-1 as the "Baye des Puans." Among these they enumerated the Liniouck, a word in which subsequent historians have recognized an attempt at representing the name afterwards spelled Illinois. In an enumeration of Indian tribes made in 1658, we find a similar attempt in the word Aliniouck. Again in the Relation of 1660, we find mention by hearsay from the Indians of "the great nation of the Alinouec" living on the banks of a 2-
10
A GAZETTEER OF
great river, and in that of 1667 of the Iliniouek, a tribe believing in a "great and good spirit, who made Heaven and Earth." In the Relation of 1670 we find the Ilinois enumerated among the nations connected with the "Mission du Saint Esprit" on Lake Superior. In 1671 there appears the same spelling in a chapter entitled "Some particulars of the Nation of the Ilinois, and more especially of their natural goodness and kindness." Mention is made of "the great river called the Missisipi" of "the great extent of country without trees or wood," and of persons seen who had been in their territory.
Through this twilight we come to the period of actual discovery by Father Marquette in 1673, the settlement of Kaskaskia and Cahokia about 1683, the same year that Philadelphia was settled. The country came under French control and remained until 1763, when it passed into the hands of the English for a period of fifteen years, and then by the con- quest of George Rogers Clark into the possession of Virginia, and was established the "County of Illinois" in 1778. By Virginia it was ceded to the United States Government in 1784, and was made a part of the North Western Territory by the Ordinance of 1787. In 1800 by division of terri- tory it became part of the Indiana Territory, and in 1809 first acquired an independent existence as the Illinois Territory, which in 1818 was converted into a State.
It was under the Illinois Territory that the County of Madison was organized. Previous to that period, we have first the County of St. Clair organized by Governor St. Clair in person at Kaskaskia in the early part of 1790. Six years later perhaps, in 1796, the County of Randolph, was similarly organized, and in the first legislative body of the North Western Territory convened at Cincinnati in 1800, we find according to Burnet's Notes, St. Clair represented by Shadrach Bond and Randolph by John Edgar. "The Western Annals," differ in giving Knox County, (includ- ing the Illinois country,) as represented by Shadrach Bond. St. Clair County as organized in 1790 included the present territory of Madison. But the respective limits of St. Clair and Randolph, between 1796 and 1812, I find nowhere given.
On the 16th of September, 1812, the County of Madison with others was organized by Proclamation of Governor Edwards. Its exact limits at that period are difficult to ascertain. Governor Reynolds in a letter to the writer in 1861, said, "I think the original limits of Madison County when Gov. Edwards & Co., formed it were, bounded on the south by the line dividing townships two and three north and on the west by the Missis- sippi. The northern limits, I think reached to the north pole, and on the east was the Wabash river for a limit." According to the map of Illinois and Missouri published by Tanner in 1823, it comprised in that year the same territory it now contains with the exception that townships 5, 5, and 6, 5, were all within its limits.
11
MADISON COUNTY ILLINOIS.
At that time, 1823, if we may rely upon the authenticity of Mr. Tanner's map, the towns of the county were Troy, Marine Settlement, Madison, [situated northeast of Marine Settlement,] Edwardsville, Paddock's Set- tlement, Johnsonport, [below the mouth of Wood River,] Gibralter, [above the mouth of Wood River,] Milton, Lower Alton, Upper Alton and Salu, the three last of which were marked down in township 5, 9. Monk's Mound was translated half-a-dozen miles, and set down near the spot where Nameoki station now is.
In 1825 by act of the Legislature a tract of country eighteen miles long by twenty wide and embracing parts of the present counties of Macoupin and Montgomery, was attached to Madison temporarily.
In 1843 eighteen sections on the northeast part of the county were by legislative enactment set off to Bond County, and since that period no changes have taken place in the boundaries of the county, except those made by the Mississippi, or rather its great confluent the Missouri.
The following table shows the number of acres in the various townships pretty nearly, and the total number in the county :
Township 3, 5, Highland.
22,998 56
Acres.
4, 5, Saline.
22,562 58
5, 5, 18,532 91
6, 5. New Douglas 15,967 15
3, 6,
St. Jacobs
22,691 15
4, 6, Marine
22,391 18
5, 6, Alhambra 22,162 21
6, 6,
20,087 15
3, 7,
Troy.
21,713 34
4, 7,
22,142 96
5, 7,
23,173 41
6, 7,
Lamb's Point
21,494 65
3, 8, Collinsville
22,452 85
4, 8,
Edwardsville 22,515 74
ɔ̃, 8,
23,359 24
6, 8,
20,573 13
3, 9, Six Mile
22,600 00?
4, 9,
Madison
19,834 08
5, 9, Upper Alton
21,030 54
6, 9, Fosterburg
20,207 64
3, 10, Venice
7,000 00?
4, 10,
1,349 25
5, 10, Alton.
4,013 51
6, 10, Godfrey
20,459 63
'Total, 24 Townships.
461,315 86
12
A GAZETTEER OF
Or 720.80 square miles, being about one-third the size of Delaware and one-half that of Rhode Island.
The natural features of the county are more strongly marked than in the interior of the State. The majestic bluffs of the Mississippi tower, a rocky wall, along its shore from the mouth of the Illinois to Alton, and then sweeping inland around the great "American Bottom" round their fronts into grassy sloped hills that go down more gently to the fertile fields that stretch out below. From these one may look across upon the wide deep forests and distant hills of the Missouri or upon the rich fields and wav- ing harvests and dotting lakes of the great "American Bottom." Farther inland we find the rich lands of Ridge Prairie, pronounced by a veteran after sixty years observation to be the finest in the State, and farther still the grove crowned eminences of the rolling prairies about Highland, the whole diversified by streams and forests. The forests and prairies are more suitably distributed than in most parts of the State, scarcely any portions of the county being without an abundant supply of good timber, consisting mostly of Oak.
The Soil in the county is mostly of excellent quality-and in the American Bottom, extending from Alton, a distance of more than thirty niiles through the county it is of almost unsurpassed fertility.
The most important Streams in the county are the Mississippi, forming the western boundary, the Great and Little Piasa, Wood River, east and west forks, Indian Creek, Paddock's Creek, Judy's Creek, Cahokia Creek, Silver Creek, Canteen Creek and Sugar Creek, besides other smaller streams.
Long Lake and Horse Shoe Lake are two small bodies of fresh water in the south western part of the county. The latter appears in the old trans- cripts of titles under the name of Marais Mensoui.
The principal prairies, whose names are now however fast fading away, are Scarrit's Prairie, Round Prairie, Rattan's Prairie, Six Mile, Gilham's or Wet Prairie, Paddock's or Liberty Prairie, Swett's Prairie, Ridge Prairie, Looking Glass Prairie, Sand Prairie, &c.
Near the southern border lies the principal of these large natural forma- tions known as the "Cantine mounds," and to which the learned and the credulous have generally been inclined to assign an artificial origin. Even the learned author of the "Archaeology of the United States," says "The large mound developments, formerly existing on the Kaskaska and Cahokia rivers in Illinois display traits of the Toltectan arts of building and of their religion and mythological ideas. The one in question is Monk's Mound, so-called from having been for a few years the residence of the monks of La Trappe. It is a quadrangle of earth six hundred yards in circumference, and perhaps one hundred feet high-an island of some primeval lake, which may have been used, by savage, as well as monk, for religious uses.
13
MADISON COUNTY, ILLINOIS.
The original towns of the county we have enumerated. At present they are Alton, Upper Alton, Greenwood, Monticello, Fosterburg, Emerald, Collinsville, Edwardsville, Bethalto, Moro, Troy, St. Jacobs, Marine, Alhambra, Greencastle, Highland and New Douglas.
The Post Offices are Alhambra, Alton, Bethalto, Collinsville, Dorsey, Edwardsville, Fosterburg, Godfrey, Highland, Lamb's Point, Madison, Marine, Moro, Moultonville, Omphghent, Paddock's Grove, Ridgeley, St. Jacobs, St. Morgan, St. Theodore, Toluca, Troy, Upper Alton, Venice, and Wanda.
The Election Precincts are : Alhambra, Alton, Bethalto, Collinsville, Edwardsville, Foster, Highland, Looking Glass, Madison, Marine, Monti- cello, Omphgent, Saline, Silver Creek, Six Mile, Troy, Upper Alton, White Rock.
The Popluation at different periods is as follows :
1818, (Dana's Geographical Sketch,) 5,456
1820, (State Census, Edwardsville Spectator,) ) 13,550
8,549
" (U. S.
1830, (Peck's Gazateer,). 6,540
1840, (United States Census,)
14,433
1850, ( ) 20,441
1855, (State Census,). 31,556
1860, (United States Census,) 31,219
1865, (State Census). 42,042
A review of this table shows discrepancies that can at first be accounted for by changes in territory, but latterly only by carelessness in the takers of the census.
The following tables compiled from the Census of 1850, will serve to give a tolerable correct idea of the material wealth, prosperity and intelli- gence prevailing in the county at that day.
STATISTICS MADISON COUNTY-CENSUS OF 1850.
COLLEGES-1; teachers, 8; pupils, 125; endowment $500.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS-94; teachers, 95; pupils 3,654. Annual Income-Taxa- tion, $400; public lands, $4,325; other sources, $1,557; total, $6,282.
ACADEMIES-1; teachers, 8; pupils, 129; endowment $600.
Attending schools during the year, as returned by families:
WHITES-male, 2,047; female, 1,928; total, 3,975. Free Colored-male, 39; female, 29; total, G1. Native, 3,694; foreign, 342; total, 4,036. Adults who cannot read and write:
WHITES-male, 412; female, 424; total, 836. Free Colored-male, 37; female, 45; total, 82. Native, 809; foreign, 109; total 918.
ACRES OF LAND IN FARMS-Improved, 93,251; unimproved, 165,067. Value of Farms and Implements-Cash value of farms, $2,435,145. Value of implements and machinery, $142, 457.
LIVE STOCK-Horses, 6,745; asses and mules, 317; milch cows, 6,414; working oxen, 2,056; other cattle, 12,740; sheep, 9085; swine, 40,233. Value of live stock, $180,668. Value of slaughtered animals, $115,680.
14
A GAZETTEER OF
PRODUCE DURING THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 1, 1850.
Wheat, bushels of
88,893
Barley, bushels of
220
Rye,
611 Buckwheat, bushels of
839
Indian Corn, bushels of
1,153,183
Value Orchard Products,
$17,411
Oats, bushels of
202,059 Wino, gals of
923
Tobacco, pounds of
100 Cheese, pounds of
14,136
Wool,
19,878
Butter,
251,824
Peas and Beans, bush. of
1,669
Valuable Produce of Market Gardens
$2,269
Hay, tons of
6,499
Flax, pounds of
110
Clover, bushels of
14
Flax Seed, bushels of
49
Other Grass Seeds bush. of
71
Beeswax and Honey, lbs of
11,006
Hops, pounds of
56
Value of Home made Manu-
Sweet Potatoes, bushels of
6,732 factures, $28,960
LIBRARIES OTHER THAN PRIVATE .- Public, 1; volumes, 250; School, 1; volumes, 1,200; College, 1; volumes, 1,700; total 3; volumes, 3,150.
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