USA > Illinois > Cook County > Chicago > Norris' business directory and statistics of the city of Chicago, for 1846 > Part 1
USA > Illinois > Cook County > Chicago > Norris' business directory and statistics of the city of Chicago, for 1846 > Part 1
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Chicago Business Directory.
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FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY, CHICAGO.
REYNOLDS' HISTORY OF ILLINOIS.
My Own Times; Embracing also The History of My Life. By JOHN REYNOLDS, Late Gov. of Ill., etc. Portrait. Reprint of original edition of 1855, with complete Index added. Cloth boards; Gilt-top; Side and bottom uncut; Antique Paper; PP 425; 8vo. 1879. Edition of 112 copies. Price, $7.50.
We are pleased to learn that the Fergus Print- ing Company has undertaken the work of re- printing che volume of "My Own Times: embrac- ing also the History of My Life," written by the late Gov. John Reynolds. * *
* Copies of the volume referred to are exceedingly rare, and hardly could be procured at any price. The Publishers are deserving of thanks for their efforts to rescue from oblivion a meritorious work like the above .- Belleville Advocate, Dec. 12, 1879.
This is a reproduction, in an attractive form, and with the addition of a full index, of a book, the story of which is an illustration of the diffi- culties which all who have devoted themselves to historical investigation have had to encounter in this country. Governor Reynolds was one of the most prominent figures in western public life, and it would be supposed this epitome of the story of the young days of the western country would have commanded a ready sale. Not so. Completed in 1854, the first edition, probably not more than four hundred copies, was printed in a small job office at Belleville, and taken by a single bookseller of Chicago, at the author's personal instigation. Nearly the whole edition was destroyed in the great fire of 1857.
Practically out of print, the present volume is rather a new work than the reprint of an old; and a creditable one it is. The extensive range of politics, internal improvement, public life and personal experience, naturally traversed in
this bulky volume, render even a slight analysis impossible. It is discursive and sketchy, and abounds in details of purely local value, but it contains also a mass of information which the enquirer would look for in vain elsewhere. Above all it is stamped with an originality and individuality which set well upon the shoulders of a western man .- Mag. of Am. Hist., Aug, 1880.
Governor John Reynolds' History of Illinois, which is out of print and exceedingly hard to get, has been republished by the Fergus Print- ing Company. The original title of the work "My Own Times: embracing also a sketch of my life," is preserved. Governor Reynolds passed nearly half a century in most prominent public life. As a "Ranger" in 1813; as Judge Advocate in 1814; as an Illinois Supreme Court Judge; as member of the Iilinois General Assembly; as Governor of Illinois; as Representative in Con- gress for seven years, and never absent from his seat during session; as Illinois-Canal Commis- sioner; and finally, as Speaker of the Illinois House ;- and all this from the early part of the present century until beyond its noon ; his strong, aggressive, manly nature and life were most powerful factors in this period of wonder- ful transition to Illinois and the West. "My Own Times" thus became an epitome of those days, of their remarkable measures, of their marvelous changes, and a record of many of their great men. Iroquois County Times, Nov. 29, 1879.
REYNOLD'S PIONEER HISTORY OF ILLINOIS.
Containing the Discovery in 1673 and the History of the Country to the year 1818, when the State Government was organized. By JOHN REYNOLDS, late Governor of Illinois, Member of Congress, State Senator, and Representative, etc., Belleville, III., 1852. Reprinted from the original edition, to which have been added Notes and a complete Index. Portrait. Pages 4 ==; 8vo. Cloth Boards; uncut; Toned Paper. 1884. (In Press)
THE MARTYRDOM OF LOVEJOY.
An account of the Life, Trials, and Perils of Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy, killed by a Pro- Slavery Mob, at Alton, Ill., on the night of Nov. 7, 1837. By HENRY TANNER, of Buffalo, N. Y., an Eye- Witness. Cloth boards; Gilt-top; Side and bottom uncut; Illustrated; Pp. 233; 8vo. 188 .. Price, $z.
(Vol. I.) HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH SETTLEMENT
In Edwards County, Illinois : Founded by Morris Birkbeck (portrait) and George Flower (portrait), in 1817 and 1818. By GEORGE FLOWER. With Preface and Foot-Notes by Hon. E. B. WASH- BURNE. Complete Subject and Personal Indexes. Cloth Boards; uncut. Pages 408; 8vo. 1882. Price, $5.00
(Vol. II.) SKETCH OF ENOCH LONG.
An Illinois Pioneer (with portrait). By HARVEY REID. Cloth boards; uncut. Pages 112; Svo. 1884. Price, $2.00
(Vol. III.) THE EDWARDS PAPERS.
Being a Portion of the Coll. of the MSS. of Ninian Edwards, C .- J. of Ct. of Appeals of Ky .; first and only gov. of Ill. T'y; one of the first two U. S. senators and third gov. of Ill. Presented to the Chic. Hist. Soc., Oct. 16th, 1883, by his son, N. W. EDWARDS, ex-Att'y-Gen, of Ill. Edited by Hon. E. B. WASHBURNE. With Steel Portraits of Gov. Edwards and Dan'l P. Cook; and 20 fac-simile (litho_ graph) letters. Complete Index. Cloth boards; uncut. Pages 631; 8vo. 1884. Price, $6.00
Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.
NORRIS
BUSINESS DIRECTORY
AND
STATISTICS OF THE
CITY OF CHICAGO,
FOR 1846.
THIRD YEAR OF PUBLICATION.
BY J. W. NORRIS.
CHICAGO: EASTMAN & DAVIDSON, PRINTERS AND PUBLISHERS. 1846.
REVISED AND CORRECTED IN 1883, By ROBERT FERGUS.
CHICAGO: FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY. 1883.
OXL 7363 Bos US
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1883, by FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
4
AVERY DURST ..
PREFACE.
As a substitute for the General Directory, the publication of which has been deferred until the Election and Removals in the Spring, the following work, containing a Business Directory, an Advertising Department, and all the Statistics of the City of Chi- cago and County of Cook, of general importance, has been pre- pared. It is dedicated to the public, to be used by them in the way that shall seem best calculated to promote the general good. To business men, it will be found a convenient and useful man- ual; and the Statistics, of a permanant character which it contains, will recommend it to the public generally.
So rapid has been the growth of the West, that the intelligence of the age has been unable to keep pace with its progress, and the information in regard to its actual condition is extremely vague and imperfect, in most parts of the country. The follow- ing is a case in point, and of recent occurrence : A Vermonter, contemplating a removal to Illinois in the Spring, writes to his friend in this city for information upon the following points : "Can I, in the event of selling my property here, procure wagons, har- ness, household furniture, etc., on my arrival in Chicago?" Nu- merous instances of a similar character might be adduced, all of them illustrating the lamentable want of intelligence at the East, in regard to the actual condition of the West.
The number of persons who yearly emigrate to the West, and who wish for correct information to determine the important ques- tion of their future location ; the importance which Western Trade has acquired-questions in regard to the channels through which that trade is destined to seek the markets of the world-affecting the value of property in the sections and in the cities through which they pass-all conspire to render the Statistics of Western Towns the most important and valuable documents of the period ; important not only to those who are about seeking a home among us, but also to those of us who have already acquired an interest in the business and prosperity of this land of our adoption.
4
PREFACE.
A disposition has very recently manifested itself to unite more intimately than they have heretofore been, the West with the East. The mutual interests of the two sections, and the increasing im- portance of the commercial transactions carried on between them, requiring the transmission of speedy intelligence, imperatively demands that this be done. Preliminary to carrying into execu- tion this important object, capitalists at home and abroad are seeking to know the facts bearing upon and demonstrating the condition, value, and prospects of trade, and the amount of travel of different sections of the West.
The reasons, in short, are numerous and convincing, why Chi- cago should, at this particular juncture, make known to the world the facts illustrative of her condition and prospects. To induce emigrants to come here and settle the vacant lands in her vicinity -to control and centre here the trade and travel of the West by means of works of improvement connecting with the Fast and West-to induce capitalists to make investments here in works of public and private improvement, are, all of them, objects worthy of the best exertions of her citizens.
For the purpose of contributing somewhat to the discharge of this duty which a sense of justice to ourselves seems clearly to require of us, the facts contained in the following pages, have been compiled and are now submitted to the public. An exami- nation of them, will, it is believed, enable every one to form a correct opinion of Chicago, in every particular relating to its pop- ulation-the extent, value, character, and importance of its trade ; and the numerous and convincing reasons upon which it founds its claims to commercial importance.
Should the work be so fortunate as to receive the favor of the public, and contribute in any degree to accomplish the objects of its compilation, it will prove a source of gratification to the under- signed, and the most acceptable reward for the labor and trouble it has occasioned him. J. W. NORRIS .*
CHICAGO, January, 1846.
* Jas. Wellington Norris, born at Sandwich, N. H., died at Ottumwa, Ia., March 3, 1882, aged 67.
STATISTICS
DESCRIPTION OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO.
CHICAGO is situated in Cook County, in the northeastern part of the State of Illinois. in lat. 41 deg., 45 sec. N., and long. 10 deg., 45 sec. W.,* and is distant from Springfield 249 miles, and from Washington, 812 miles. It occupies an important position on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan, at the head of lake navigation, and at the northeastern termination of the Illinois- and-Michigan Canal. The City is built on prairie, almost per- fectly level, but sufficiently elevated above the surface of the Lake to secure it from the effects of flood.
Chicago is divided into three parts by the Chicago River and its North and South Branches; the former running for about three-quarters of a mile in an easterly direction to the Lake: and the latter uniting with it from the north and south. The river is 60 yards wide and 15 feet deep; its Branches are deep streams. navigable some distance into the interior. The divisions above named are connected by three bridges, erected and maintained at the public expense, and by one private ferry.t
Chicago has great natural facilities for a harbor, in aid of which about $250.000 have been appropriated by the General Govern- ment. At the junction of the river and branches is a natural and capacious basin, capable of receiving and accommodating a large amount of shipping. Two piers have been extended some distance into Lake Michigan, through which the river discharges.
The City extends about three and a-half miles on the lake, and two and a-half miles west. The streets run parallel and at right angles to the lake, and are of suitable width. As many as twenty blocks are compactly occupied by buildings; and three-fourths of the limits are more or less built upon. There are 32 large brick- blocks, three and four stories in height, containing from two to four buildings, and numerous blocks of wooden buildings. The dwellings are constructed of brick and wood, but principally of the latter material. They number some very beautiful and taste- ful residences.
The public buildings are less numerous and less worthy of
* The Tribune Building, S .- E. cor. Dearborn and Madison Sts., is in Lat.
41 52' 57" N. and Long. 42 m. ISs. W. from Washington. - ELIAS COLBERT. + Clark-St., Randolph-St., and Kinzie-St. bridges and Rush-St. ferry.
6
CHICAGO BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
notice than they will be a few years hence. The best buildings at present are our churches, hotels, and commercial houses. The churches are many of them very fine specimens of architecture, costing from $5000 to $10,000. Our hotels, in point of size and facilities for accommodating the traveling public, deserve especial commendation. In connection with these may be included two college edifices ; two large, brick school-houses; the museum; etc.
Provision has been made to adorn Chicago with public-squares and grounds, which will become a great source of convenience and pleasure to the public, when sufficient time has elapsed to mature shrubbery and shade trees in them.
A large amount of the travel passing between the extremes of the Union already centres at Chicago; and abundant evidence is every day afforded to prove the increasing favor with which the public regard this route, by the Lakes; unquestionably the health-' iest and the pleasantest summer route in the Union. The invigo- rating effects of the climate upon feeble and delicate constitutions ; the attractions which a voyage by the Lakes in our splendid steamers possess; the charms which a visit to the romantic isle of Mackinac, with its transparent waters, and pure, bracing atmos- phere, hold forth, must, combined, always secure to this route more travel than any other in the Union. To accommodate the traveling community, four daily and several tri-weekly and weekly lines of stages, unsurpassed in speed, comfort, and safety, connect with the country; and a boat, during the season of navigation, leaves every day for Buffalo and other ports on the Lakes; and one besides to unite with the Michigan-Central Railroad, making two departures of steamboats daily. Stages and steamers are almost invariably crowded to their utmost capacity.
Considering the age of Chicago, and the difficulties and embar- rassments under which it labored during the earlier periods of its history, it has effected much in the way of improvements. Streets have been opened and graded; side-walks have been put down wherever they have been required, and a commencement in pav- ing the street with plank has been made .* A hydraulic company, to supply the City with water from the Lake, has been in opera- tion several years; the present year, aqueducts, conveying water from the rivers, throughout the most compact part of the City, and designed to furnish water in cases of fire, are being con- structed. Three bridges have been built, and numerous turnpike- roads to connect with the country at various points. A break- water, to protect a portion of the City from the encroachments
* Lake Street, between State and Dearborn.
7
STATISTICS.
of the Lake, has been commenced at, considerable expense. Several fire-engines have been purchased, and houses provided for their accommodation. Two large and permanent brick school- houses have been erected at a cost of about $12,000. These and numerous other instances which might be mentioned, manifest a disposition on the part of the community, so far as its means allow, to lay the foundations of. valuable and permanent improvements.
The following statements exhibit the various branches of busi- ness carried on and the number of persons employed in each, vis. :
MANUFACTORIES, TRADES, AND PROFESSIONS.
The first column of figures shows number of employés.
Architects
2| Dry, fancy, and staple goods stores
Millwrights & mach'ists, 2
8| Marble factories 2
Markets. 15
Milliners 15
2 Mills, (steam & wind) 5
Bakers 23
Bankers and Brokers, 7 Flour store
Barbers. 26
II Forwarding, storage, &
Bath-house
I commission houses_ 14
2 | Foundries .. 71
4
Blacksmiths 93
I manufacturers. 2 Bookstores
5 Fruit stores
Packing-houses_ __ 250 6
Boot & shoem'k'rs, 90 25 Fanning-mill makers_
Glove and mitten mfr_ I Painters, ornamental
leather dealers __ 83 Botanical and vege- table gardens
Grocers, wh. & retail,
65 Physicians 24
3 Pottery
I
I7 Powder store I
8
Brewers
Builders (master) I7
Cabinet and chair
manufacturers 83
12
Carpenters 270
Churches
16 Ink manufactory-
Clothing stores II Insurance co. & agenc's, 13
Coffee & eating-houses, 8 Intelligence office
Colleges.
2 Justices' offices Land-agencies
2 Ship-builders 2
3 Ship-chandlers 2
2 Tailors
3 Tanneries .50
2
Coopers 46
13 Liquor-store (wh'sale)
Crockery stores
2 Livery-stables
5 Tobacco & cigarmkrs, 6
Dentists.
5 Lock and whitesmith,
Depositories of books, 3 Looking-glass and pic- ture-frame mfr _2
Door, sash, and blind factories
4 Lottery and exchange- 7 offices. 3
Drug stores
Dyeing establishment,
I Lumber dealers 15
4 Reading - room I Steam planing-mills. 2 Saddle-and-harness
2 makers 59 S
Schools, public, 10
I teachers, 1200 schol's, 4 I Schools, private, 17
3 teachers, 500 schol's, I I
Commission stores
(wholesale)
3 Land-offices
Cradle-maker (grain), Confectioners
3 Libraries, 2500 vols
I Theatre I
I Undertaker I Upholsterer I
I Wagonmakers - _ _ 61 13 Watchmkrs & Jewelers, 6
Attorneys, Practising, 40 licensed -- 53 Dry goods and grocery
stores (wh. & retl. ), 64
Aucton and Commis- sion stores.
6 Engravers
9 Fire-engine companies, 3
Museum I
I Notaries public_ 6
Newspapers, 2 daily, 7 weekly, I semi-mo., and 2 monthly 12 Oil, soap, and candle
Billiard-saloons
12 French Burr millstone
Bookbindery 2
I manufacturers ___ 16 S
3 2 Painters and glaziers _ 8
Boot, shoe, and
S Grinder and cutler
I and minature 4
6 Gunsmiths_ 7 Bowling-saloon
5 Hardware stores __ 61
Brass and silver plater I Hotels and taverns ..
25 Printing-offices (job) 45 Printers' wareroom _ _
I
3 Hat, cap, & fur stores and manuf'rs _ _ _ 44 Hydraulic companies for supplying water from the lake
I Leather-stores 121 25
S
CHICAGO BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
POPULATION.
The following Tables exhibit the population, and the various statistics of production, etc. of Chicago and the County of Cook, at the present time; and also of previous periods. It will be seen from this exhibit that in 1840 the city numbered 4479; in 1843, 7580; in 1844, 10, 170; and in 1845, 12,088, showing an increase in five years of 7235, being at the rate of 150 per cent. during that period.
It will also be seen that the county had in 1840, 10, 240 inhabitants; that it now has 21,581, being an increase of 11, 380, in five years, an increase of more than 100 per cent.
Almost every nation under heaven has been drawn upon for this population. A majority came from the New England and Middle States. The Germans are the next largest class; after these will rank in order, the Irish, Norwegians, English, Scotch, etc.
TABLES OF POPULATION. Census of Chicago, according to the State Census of 1845, compiled from the Official Returns :
CHICAGO.
First Ward.
Second Ward.
Third Ward.
Fourth Fifth Ward.
Ward.
Sixth Ward.
Totals.
MALES-Under IO
417
456
163
150
183
398
1767
Between 10 and 20
279
230
66
67
80
I71
893
11
20 and 30
548
668
135
80
136
338
1905
30 and 40
377
399
IOI
109
115
208
1309
40 and 50
97
118
40
36
38
109
438
50 and 60
22
27
19
IO
14
40
132
11
60 and 70
6
18
5
5
2
14
50
70 and 80
3
6
2
..
. .
4
15
11
So and 90
2
. .
..
. . .
. .
.
Total Males.
1751
1922
531
457
568
1282
6511
FEMALES-Under 10 __
397
436
178
I34
183
388
1716
Between 10 and 20
358
310
94
58
65
236
II21
11
20 and 30
396
414
94
77
109
269
I359
30 and 40
205
186
69
62
81
168
771
11
40 and 50
47
66
26
31
29
71
270
11
50 and 60
35
28
12
6
8
44
I33
60 and 70
IO
II
5
2
6
17
51
11
70 and 80
I
6
. .
. . .
2
6
15
80 and 90
I
.
. .
. .
. ..
I
Total Females.
1450
1457
478
370
483
1199
5437
COLORED-Males
19
41
..
3
I
9
73
Females
18
. 40
. . .
. . .
. . .
9
67
Total Colored
37
81
. .
3
I
18
140
Grand Total.
I 2088
Whole number of families, 2090.
Number of buildings erected during the past year, 71I.
2
9
STATISTICS.
RECAPITULATION, showing the total Population of the City of Chicago, and the Population of each Ward in 1840, 1843, and 1845, and the Increase of each period, and total Increase :
Wards .*
1840.
1843.
Increase.
I845.
Increase.
Total.
First
1197
1986
789
3238
1252
2011
Second
1467
2231
764
3460
I229
1993
Third
251
509
258
1009
500
758
Fourth
179
414
235
830
416
651
Fifth
436
600
164
1052
452
616
Sixth
1323
1840
517
2499
659
1176
Total
4853
7580
2727
12,088
4508
7235
POPULATION of the City of Chicago, and the several Precincts in Cook County in 1845; showing the number subject to Military Duty, the value of Live-stock, the amount of Grain and the num- ber of pounds of Wool produced :
COOK COUNTY. Precincts.
Popula- tion.
Subject to Military Duty.
Live- stock.
Grain. bu.
Value other Agricul. Product.
Wool. lbs.
Chicago City.
12,088
3,037
44,834
$9,000
Chicago*
575
160
1,354
4,856
3,134
33
Athens [Lemont]
593
125
8,695
2,062
,1,094
Blue Island+
234
49
8,735
5,201
815
10,72S
York+
346
73
10,043
11,365
2,651
524
Monroes
786
200
618,625
11,497
4,47I
324
Lake,
699
141
13,156
7,518
2,473
659
Lyons
554
164
10, 290
4,755
985
3,600
Summit
619
299
3,370
1,670
600
· Desplainesª
999
276
18,295
19, 155
6,080
1,598
Gross Point *
73
204
8,670
6,335
3,893
150
Hanover
710
170
23,240
28, 130
3,019
2,402
Barrington
594
118
15,405
25,260
1,910
769
Bridgeporttt
449
I47
6,999
8co
960
Thornton
546
109
12,940
11,550
1,915
1,423
Salt Creek++
1073
268
24,975
24,731
6,045
4,204
Total City & Co.
21,581
5,540
241,793
164,835
$49,045
26,414
* Chicago embraced all in the old precinct of Chicago outside of the corporate limits, except Bridgeport.
t Blue Island embraced Worth. Calumet, Hyde Park, and a part of what is now Lake.
* York embraced Palos Orland, and all the south part of Cook County not embraced in Ly.ns, Athens, Blue Island, and Thornton.
§ Monroe embraced Leyden, Cicero, Proviso, and Maine. Lake embraced Niles and Jefferson.
" Desplaines embraced Wheeling and Northfield.
** Gross Point embraced Lake View, Evanston, and New Trier.
tt Bridgeport embraced what is now known as such and a portion of the present town of Lake.
* Salt Creek embraced Elk Grove, Schaumburg, and Palatine.
IO
CHICAGO BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
CLIMATE.
Chicago having the benefit of the pure atmosphere of the Lake, and being removed from every miasmatic influence, enjoys a climate unusually healthy for a new country. The only objection that can be urged against it is, the somewhat frequent and sudden changes of weather; but it has not been observed that any injuri- ous effects upon the health of the community results from this cause. The diseases incident to the interior of the country, such as fever-and-ague, bilious and intermittent fevers, are, owing to the healthful influence of the lake atmosphere, almost unknown in Chicago.
RECORD OF MORTALITY .- According to the Bill of Mortality kept by A. S. Bates," City Sexton, the number of deaths for 1843 appears to have been 117, to a population of 7580; for 1844, 288, to a population of 10, 170; and in 1845, 290, to a population of 12,088; being for the last year at the rate of about 2 1/3 per cent.
METEOROLOGICAL RECORD
For Chicago, Illinois, latitude 40° 45' N., longitude 87 35' W., for A.D. 1844 and 1845, compiled from the tables of the Chicago Mechanics' Institute, for Norris' Chicago Directory, by George F. Wilson, Principal of the Chicago Academy.
BAROMETER.
THERMOMETER.
1844. Month.
Sun- rise.
9 a m.
3 p.m.
9 p.m.
Mo. Mean
Sun- rise.
9 a.m.
3 p.m
9 p.m.
Mo. Mean
Rain.
January -
28.97
28.91
28.82 28.86
28.89
21.90
24.60 28. 70
24.90 25.02
3.10
February.
28.70
28.98
28.92 28.52
28.72 22.00 29.00
33.00
27.00 27.75
3.10
March
28.97 28.90
28.85
28.92
28.91
32.21
38.75 34.82
35.53 35.32
1.71
April
28.76 28. 70 28.68
28.79 28.73
45. 50 59. 60 58. 20 48.70 53.00
2.45
May
28.78 28.55
28.57
28.70 28.90
49. 50 61. 30 60. 70 54. 50 56. 50
4.42
June
28.62 28.43 28.48 28.53
28.52
58.00 68.00 67.00 59.00 63.00
5.76
July
28.52
28.45
28.68
28.47
28. 53 67.26 76.90 75.90 69.64 72. 32
5.45
August
28.57
28.44
28.46
28.48 28.49 70.64 76. 57 77. 54 73- 53 74. 57
3.73
September_
28.71 |28.70
28.65
28.65 28.67
64.37 69. 59 71.53
66.65 68.04
1.47
October
28.94
28.93
28.80
28.84 28.88
44.04 50. 22 55. 50 48. 64 49.60
2.91
November
I
28.64 28.87 28.75
28.83 28. 77 33. 11 37.94 42.41
37.03|37.62
1.37
December _
28.84 28.80 28.71
28.75
28.77
24. 74|
28.64 33.22
27.87 28.62
1.79
Mean
28. 75 28.72 28.69| 28. 70 28. 72 44. 44 51. 76 53. 21 47. 75 49.28 37.26
January-5 rain and 8 snow storms. February-I snow and 2 rain stornis. October 18th, fell the first snow this fall, 1.05 inches.
During the months of January and February, no account of the quantity of
* Agustin Seymour Bates was killed by the Indians near Humboldt, Nevada, en route to California, in 1851 (?). He left a widow, who is still living here; and his daughter is Mrs. Thos. P. Tallman, of this city.
I I
. STATISTICS.
rain and snow which fell was kept. The average of the ten remaining months was assumed. Probably this is somewhat more than the actual quantity. Except in the months of January, November, and December, the tables from which this record was collected were kept from the 25th of one month to the 26th of the next. Assuming them to have been kept from month to month, makes only fractional differences in the result, or mean. In no case during the year has the mercury been below o, and in no case in the same time has it been above 96, when the observations were taken. The coldest day was January 28; mean temperature of that day 6°. The warmest day was the 13th of July : mean temperature 85. Until the 12th of October, the cistern of the barometer was placed 15 feet above the surface of Lake Michigan; after that time, 36 feet above.
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