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LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
977.344 W64q V.1
Illinois Historical Survey
1.7
LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
David !! Heleox
QUINCY
AND ADAMS COUNTY
History and Representative Men
DAVID F. WILCOX Supervising Editor
JUDGE LYMAN Mc CARL Chairman of Advisory Board
ASSISTED BY THE FOLLOWING BOARD OF ADVISORY EDITORS
JOS. J. FREIBURG THOMAS S. ELLIOTT GEORGE W. CYRUS HENRY BORNMANN
ILLUSTRATED
VOLUME I
THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY CHICAGO AND NEW YORK 1919
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YV 64
PREFACE
The geographical position of Adams County gave it historical prominence from the time of its first settlement ; so forcibly was this evident that in not a few of the events and movements which have been of national import. Adams County and its stanch citizenship have wielded deeisive influence. Quincy, its beautiful county seat, occupying a commanding site on the banks of the Mississippi, on the western confines of Central Illinois, which here juts into the border territory of the South, was early recognized as a community where disputants over Slavery, States Rights and Mormonism would be accorded justice and even untrameled discussion. Although its lead- ers have never lacked positiveness and forceful expression of their opinions, Adams County earned a name for liberality and charity in its very infancy and has always maintained it. That statement ap- plies to both its men and women, one of the pioneer organizations in the United States for "the emancipation of the weaker sex" having originated in Quiney and there developed, with the progress of the times, as a representative body of American womanhood.
In polities, in social matters, in educational influenee, in patriotie works and in industrial and commercial expansion, Quincy and Adams County have constituted a credit to the state and the nation. The Soldiers' Home, the Chamber of Commerce, churches, farmers and their splendidly conserved interests, the factories and stores, and all the fine men and women. comprise subjects of interest and pride for the writers and compilers of this history. They do not pretend to have done any of such subjects full justice, but have been honest in their endeavor.
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In bringing these wonders to pass, no class or nationality has been pre-eminent. No seetion of Illinois or the nation has been more truly American than Adams County; and especially has this been made manifest in the acid and fiery test of these days of fearful stress and war. A considerable portion of this history, however, has been de- voted to the influence of the German element upon the developmnt of Quiney and the territory tributary to it, and the supervising editor, with his advisory associates, takes pleasure in spreading the record over many pages charged with interest and instruction. No eitizen of Quincy could have been better prepared to undertake and complete this exposition than Henry Bornmann. Those who know him well, and the many personalities who have been woven into his narrative, need be told that Adams County does owe a great debt to the pioneer Ger- mans, who migrated to free America, from the country which hound
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PREFACE
them with shackles and whose intelligent and patriotic descendants. reaping the fruits of their racial industry and thrift amid the very conditions and institutions which their fathers sought, have long since forgotten that they have any blood in them but American.
The supervising editor. David F. Wilcox, also wishes to extend his thanks to the members of the Advisory Board. Lyman MeCarl, chair- man, Judge of the County Court, and Joseph J. Freiburg, of Quincy : to George W. Cyrus, of Camp Point, and Thomas S. Elliott, of Payson, for their invaluable assistance, both in the collating of the necessary data for the history and in the revision of the manuscripts after they had been prepared. The newspaper men and women of the county. the city and county officials, the clergymen of the city and county, its prominent and charitable women, and the managements of the Chamber of Commerce, the Soldiers and Sailors Home and other in- stitutions, have also been helpful in every way.
Believing that the history of Adams County, and of its beautiful eounty seat, should be preserved, and feeling that all available mater- ial has been used to that end, the publishers submit these volumes to the public with the hope that they may be of interest to the present generation and of great value to the generations which are to follow.
The preparation of these volumes was a task carried on while the nation was engaged in war. The generation that receives them need not be told of the conditions which restricted and made difficult the printing and publishing business. The war imposed, without option, certain variations from accepted standards of material. The publishers believe that no essential quality has been lost in the present books on that account, but offer this explanation for any laek of uni- formity that may be attributed to war-time requirements.
David T. Heleox
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
IN A STATE OF NATURE
AREA, DRAINAGE AND SPRINGS-UPLANDS, PRAIRIES AND BOTTOM LANDS -SURFACE GEOLOGY RELATED TO NATURAL WEALTH-ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS-THE LOESS-THE REAL DRIFT-FORMATION AND DIS- TRIBUTION OF THE DRIFT-GLACIAL MOVEMENTS AND ICE SHEETS -ORIGIN OF THE PRAIRIES-SWAMP LANDS TRANSFORMED INTO PRAIRIE-THE COAL MEASURES-THE COMMERCIAL CLAYS-SOILS AND THEIR NATURAL PRODUCTS-HEALTHFUL CLIMATE-BIRD LIFE IN ADAMS COUNTY-FRIENDS OF THE FARMER 1
CHAPTER HI
WEALTH BASED ON THE SOIL
THE RICH CORN BELT-EARLY ATTEMPTS AT FRUIT RAISING-HIOG RAISING AND PORK PACKING-ADAMS COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SO- CIETY-COUNTY FARMERS' INSTITUTE ORGANIZED-THE COUNTY'S FARMI ADVISER-WORK OF THE COUNTY FARM IMPROVEMENT ASSO- CIATION -- PRESENT AND FUTURE OF AGRICULTURE 17
CHAPTER III PREDECESSORS OF THE WHITES
PREHISTORIC MOUNDS IN THE "AMERICAN BOTTOM"-ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS IN ADAMIS COUNTY -- THE ILLINOIS INDIAN CONFEDERACY- "POOR OLD KICKAPOO ME" 31
CHAPTER IV COUNTY IHISTORY IN THE MAKING
UNDER FRENCH DOMINION-JOLIET AND MARQUETTE ON ILLINOIS SOIL -LEGENDARY MONSTERS OF THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY-THE "PIAS.\" BIRD-MARQUETTE AND JOLIET GET DESIRED INFORMATION-RETURN
CONTENTS
VIA THE ILLINOIS RIVER-LAST DAYS OF MARQUETTE-LA SALLE CONSOLIDATES FRENCH EMPIRE IN AMERICA-BRAVE AND FAITHFUL TONTI-COMMERCIAL VENTURE INTO ILLINOIS COUNTRY-AFLOAT ON THE KANKAKEE-LA SALLE MEETS THE KASKASKIA INDIANS- BUILDS FORT CREVECOEUR BELOW PEORIA-SENDS FATHER HENNE- PIN TO UPPER MISSISSIPPI-THE DISASTERS AT STARVED ROCK AND FORT CREVECOEUR-LA SALLE'S SECOND VOYAGE -- AT THE MOUTH OF THE MISSISSIPPI-MESSENGER SENT TO FRANCE-DEATHS OF LA SALLE AND TONTI-PERMANENT PIONEER SETTLEMENTS OF ILLINOIS-FORT CHARTRES, CENTER OF ILLINOIS DISTRICT-FIRST LAND GRANT IN DISTRICT-LIFE AT THE PIONEER FRENCH ILLINOIS SETTLEMENTS-UNDER THE CROWN AND THE JESUITS-KASKASKIA, ILLINOIS JESUIT CENTER-FORTUNATE AND PROGRESSIVE ILLINOIS -THE ENGLISH INVADE THE OHIO VALLEY-FRENCH REBUILD FORT CHARTRES-ILLINOIS TRIUMPHS OVER VIRGINIA-NEW FORT CHARTRES IN BRITISH HANDS-FIRST ENGLISH COURT OF LAW IN ILLINOIS COUNTRY-PONTIAC BURIED AT ST. LOUIS-LAST OF FORT CHARTRES-"LONG KNIVES" CAPTURE KASKASKIA-DID NOT WAR ON "WOMEN AND CHILDREN"-BLOODLESS CAPTURE OF CAHOKIA AND VINCENNES-CLARK'S LITTLE ARMY REORGANIZED-COMBINED MILITARY AND CIVIL JURISDICTION-COUNTY OF ILLINOIS, WEST OF THE OHIO RIVER-COL. JOHN TODD, COUNTY LIEUTENANT- AMERICAN CIVIL GOVERNMENT NORTHWEST OF THE OHIO-ILLINOIS AS A TERRITORY-BOND LAW PROTECTS HOME SEEKERS-STATE MA- CHINERY SET IN MOTION-ILLINOIS COUNTIES IN 1818-WILD CAT BANKING-SLAVERY QUESTION AGAIN-THE FAMOUS SANGAMON COUNTRY-DUNCAN AND THE FREE SCHOOL LAW-ILLINOIS INTER- NAL IMPROVEMENTS-CAPITAL MOVED TO SPRINGFIELD-REMAINS OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT SYSTEM-CONSTITUTION OF 1848-LEGIS- LATIVE LESSONS THROUGH EXPERIENCE-REAL WILD CAT BANKS- NATIONAL BANKS FORCE OUT FREE BANKS-THE CONSTITUTION OF 1870 38
CHAPTER V
SOME YEARS PRECEDING COUNTY ORGANIZATION
ILLINOIS BOUNTY LAND TRACT AND MADISON COUNTY-OLD PIKE COUNTY-WOOD AND KEYES "MEET UP"-THE TILLSONS SPEAK OF QUINCY'S FOUNDERS-THE FIRST MAN AND THE FIRST WOMAN -AGREEABLE ALL 'ROUND THE OLD WOOD PLACE-MRS. JERE- MIAH ROSE, FIRST QUINCY WHITE WOMAN-KEYES AND DROULARD SETTLE-THE COUNTY'S FIRST PHYSICIAN-GOV. JOHN WOOD --- WILLARD KEYES-JEREMIAH ROSE-ASA TYRER-OLD PIKE COUNTY VOTES "NO CONVENTION"-THOMAS CARLIN-COUNTY OF ADAMS CREATED-LOCATING THE SEAT OF JUSTICE-JOHN QUINCY ADAMS COMPLETELY IMMORTALIZED .88
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER VI
COUNTY GOVERNMENT AND INSTITUTIONS
THE COUNTY'S CREATIVE ACT-FIRST COURT AND ITS SEAL-COUNTY SEAT SITE ENTERED-QUINCY ORDERED PLATTED-FIRST SALE OF QUINCY LOTS-FIRST LOG COURTHOUSE-BURIAL GROUND RE- SERVED-FIRST TEACHER AND FIRST PREACHER-PROVIDING FOR JUDGE SNOW'S EXPANSION-WOODLAND CEMETERY-A. F. HUB- BARD'S CLAIM TO FAME-THE GHOST WALKS AGAIN-COURTHOUSE OF 1838-75-DANGERS OF CHRONIC OFFICE HOLDING-A JAIL THOUGHT EXPEDIENT AND NECESSARY-ORIGINAL ELECTION PRE- CINCTS-COLUMBUS FIGIITS FOR THE COUNTY SEAT-MARQUETTE AND HIGHLAND COUNTIES- JUDICIAL REFORM AND SLAVERY-TOWN- SIIIP ORGANIZATION ADOPTED- FIRST BOARD OF SUPERVISORS- THE TWENTY POLLING PRECINCTS-OFFICIAL ACCOMMODATIONS EXTENDED-FIRE FORCES BUILDING OF NEW COURTIJOUSE-COATS- BURG SUBSIDES-JEFFERSON SQUARE SELECTED AS SITE-STEP'S IN BUILDING OF PRESENT COURTHOUSE-REPRESENTATIVES OF THE COUNTY-COUNTY OFFICERS, 1825-69-THE DECADE, 1870-79- COVERING 1882-1918 - LEGISLATIVE REPRESENTATIVES - RURAL LANDS AND CITY PROPERTIES-POPULATION, 1890, 1900, 1910- ADAMS COUNTY HOME 107
CHAPTER VII PROFESSIONAL SKETCHES
EVOLUTION OF JUDICIARY SYSTEMS-FIRST CIRCUIT COURT SITS-WOOD VS. LISLE, SURE-ENOUGH SLANDER-THIE JOVIAL JUDGE SAWYER- SAMUEL D. LOCKWOOD, ILLINOIS' FIRST LAWYER-PETER LOTT- OPPORTUNITY FOR STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS-RICHARD M. YOUNG- JAMES H. RALSTON-CONGRESSIONAL FIGHT BETWEEN DOUGLAS AND BROWNING-JESSE B THOMAS-NORMAN H. PURPLE-WILLIAM A. MINSHALL, NEW JUDICIAL CIRCUIT FORMEDONIAS C. SKINNER -EARLY CIRCUIT JUDGES-CHARLES B. LAWRENCE-JOSEPII SIB- LEY-OTHER CIRCUIT JUDGES-THE PROBATE AND COUNTY JUDGES -. JUDGE B. F. BERRIAN-HANGINGS, LEGAL, AND ILLEGAL THE LUCKETT-MAGNOR MURDER TRIAL-A SLANDER SUIT WITH A MORAL -THE KILLING OF MAJOR PRENTISS-FAMOUS EELS SLAVE CASE -THE PIONEER MEMBERS OF THE BAR-ARCHIBALD WILLIAMS- CALVIN A. WARREN-NEHEMIAH BUSHNELLISAAC N. MORRIS- PIIILO A. GOODWIN-EDWARD H. BUCKLEY-ALMERON WHEAT- HOPE S. DAVIS-COL. WILLIAM A. RICHARDSON-WILLIAM G. EWING-COL. WILLIAM II. BENNESON-GEN. JAMES W. SINGLE- TON-JOSEPHI N. CARTER-BERNARD ARNTZEN-JACKSON GRIMSIINW -STERLING P. DELANO-LAWYERS IN 1869-THE QUINCY BAR AS-
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CONTENTS
SOCIATION-URIAH H. KEATH, OLDEST' LIVING LAWYER-VETERAN LAWRENCE E. EMMONS-WHEN BENCH AND BAR WERE PICTUR- ESQUE-THE PHYSICIANS-CHOLERA IN 1833-THE CHOLERA EPI- DEMIC OF 1849-ADAMS COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY-EDWARD G. CASTLE-IN THE UNION SERVICE-CITY BOARD OF HEALTHI CRE- ATED .138
CHAPTER VIII
ROADS AND BRIDGES OF ALL KINDS
QUINCY MAILS THROUGH JUDGE SNOW-ILLINOIS AND MISSOURI BOUND BY FERRY-NORTHERN CROSS RAILROAD, OLD AND NEW-OPERATIONS RELUCTANTLY SUSPENDED-OUTLET FURTHER NORTH-CONNECTION WITH CHICAGO COMPLETE-EXPRESS LINES EXTENDED-THE WA- BASII-FIRST VOTING OF RAILROAD BONDS THE QUINCY & TOLEDO RAILROAD COMPANY-RAILROAD CONNECTIONS WEST OF THE MISSIS- SIPPI-RAILROAD BRIDGES ACROSS THE RIVER-ALL SECTIONS BEING GRADUALLY ACCOMMODATED-ADAMS COUNTY HIGHWAYS-LEADING TO THE QUINCY, ATLAS & WARSAW ROAD-WHY HIGHWAYS WERE NOT NEEDED UNTIL 1825-VIEWERS REPORT ON STATE ROAD-PIO- NEER ROADS AND BRIDGES-IMPROVEMENTS IN ROAD AND BRIDGE BUILDING-THE TICE HARD ROAD LAW- GRAVEL AND MACADAM ROADS-ILLINOIS STATE HIGHWAY PLAN. 180
CHAPTER IX
THE MARTIAL RECORD
THE BLACK HAWK WAR-THE EARLY-TIME MILITIA-THE MORMON WAR-QUINCY AS A PEACE MAKER-MEXICAN WAR AND ADAMS COUNTY VICTIMS-THE CIVIL WAR-DIFFERENT UNITS REPRESENT- .
ING ADAMS COUNTY-THE WOMEN OF QUINCY-LIGHTNING WAR MOVES-OFF FOR CAIRO-COLONEL PRENTISS IN COMMAND-TENTH INFANTRY ILLINOIS VOLUNTEERS-GEN. B. M. PRENTISS-GEN. JAMES D. MORGAN-GEN. JOHN TILLSON-WILLIAM H. COLLINS' WAR NOTES-THE WAR AS CENTERED AT QUINCY-LOCAL MILITARY LEADERS-THE SIXTEENTH INFANTRY-THE TWENTY-SEVENTH IN- FANTRY-THE FIFTIETH AND COL. M. M. BANE-THE EIGHTY- FOURTH INFANTRY-THE ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEENTH IN- FANTRY-THE ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEENTH INFANTRY-THIE NEEDLE PICKETS-SISTERS OF THE GOOD SAMARITAN-THE FIRST SOLDIERS' MONUMENT-ILLINOIS SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' HOME -- QUINCY IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR-QUINCY NAVAL RE- SERVES AFTER THE WAR-PROMPTLY ANSWER LAST CALL TO THE
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CONTENTS
COLORS-ON BOARD TORPEDOED SHIP-COMPANY I. EIGHTHI ILLI- NOIS VOLUNTEERS-ACTIVE MILITARY BODIES-THE MACHINE GUN COMPANY
200
CHAPTER X
COUNTY SCHOOL SYSTEM
FINANCIAL BASIS OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM-THE WORKINGS OF THE DUNCAN LAAW-PROFESSOR TURNER, FATHER OF PRESENT SYSTEM -INSTRUCTIVE REPORT OF STATE SUPERINTENDENT-STATE EXAM- INING BOARD CREATED-STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC IN- STRUCTION-RURAL SCHOOLS STANDARDIZED -- HIGH SCHOOL TUI- TION ACT-FREE HIGH SCHOOLS -- THE SCHOOL SURVEY-STRONG POINTS OF ADAMS COUNTY SYSTEM-THE COURSE OF STUDY- PERFECT ATTENDANCE- BETTER TRAINED TEACHERS-ILIGII
SCHOOLS-PARENT-TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION-PIONEER SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS OUTSIDE OF QUINCY-"PERNICIOUS SYSTEM" TO ENCOURAGE IDLENESS-PUBLIC SCHOOL TAX LEVIED IN QUINCY- FIRST TOWN SCHOOLS-THE TOWN SCHOOLS BECOME THE PEOPLE'S SCHOOLS-COUNTY SCHOOLS COMMISSIONERS AND SUPERINTEND- ENTS-PRESENT STATUS OF THE COUNTY SYSTEM 243
CHAPTER XI
THE GERMAN ELEMENT : ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE HISTORY AND DE- VELOPMENT OF QUINCY AND ADAMS COUNTY. . .263
CHAPTER XII
CORPORATE IHISTORY AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
MAGIC OF HISTORIC RESTORATION-THE PRESENT LAID UPON THE PAST -CORN AND COON GRIST-QUINCY'S SITE HARD BUYING-ORIGINAL TOWN PLATTED-HOW THE LOTS SOLD THE HOTEL CORNER, HIGHEST PRICED LOT-FIRST COURTHOUSE LOCATED TEMPLE OF JUSTICE, EDUCATION AND RELIGION-CHARLES HOLMES COMES TO QUINCY-ROBERT TILLSON EXPANDS THE BUSINESS JOHN TILL- SON, THE ELDER-LAND OFFICE AT QUINCY-SOME OTHER FOOL THAN ALEXANDER-STIMULATING THE MAILS-THE BOLD QUINCY HOTEL-EVENTFUL YEAR (1836)-QUINCY, A TOWN OF "FAIR PLAY"-BECOMES A TOWN CORPORATION-SIGNS OF GROWTHI- BIRTH OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT-STREET IMPROVEMENTS-THE
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CONTENTS
CITY CHARTER OF 1840-ASBURY FOR PRESIDENT; VAN BUREN FOR MAGISTRATE-FIRST CITY ELECTION AND OFFICIALS-FIRST CITY PUBLIC SCHOOLS-A CITY SEAL CONCEIVED IN SIN-A FREE LIBRARY REVIVED-CITY GRADES ESTABLISHED-MAILS IMPROVED- GREAT FLOOD OF 1844-BUSINESS PARTIALLY REVIVED-COMPARA- TIVE CITY AND COUNTY POPULATION-FERTILE YEAR OF 1848- TELEGRAM SENT "QUICK AS LIGHTNING"-FIRST REAL CITY DIRECTORY-GROWTH OF THE TOWN UP TO 1848-QUINCY EXODUS OF GOLD HUNTERS, 1848-50-FIRST DAILY MAIL AND DAILY NEWS- PAPER-MADE A PART OF ENTRY-ILLUMINATING GAS AND OTHER BRIGIIT LOCAL THINGS-THE LINCOLN-DOUGLAS FESTIVITIES-THE MAYORS OF THE CITY-PUBLIC QUESTIONS ADJUDGED BY POPULAR VOTE-THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF QUINCY-FRANKLIN, THE FATHER OF THEM ALL-JEFFERSON AND WEBSTER SCHOOLS-OTHER PUB- LIC INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING-OFFICIAL SCHOOL MANAGEMENT- STRONG FEATURES OF THE PRESENT SYSTEM-SCHOOL SAVINGS- THIE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL-RAISING THE TEACHING STANDARD -- PRESENT STATUS OF SCHOOLS-THE FIRE DEPARTMENT-THE QUINCY WATER WORKS-QUINCY'S WORST FIRE-THE PARK AND BOULEVARD SYSTEM-MR. PARKER'S SELF-SACRIFICE-LOYAL CO- WORKERS-OFFICERS 1888-1918-SOURCES OF PARK REVENUE- THIE PARKS IN DETAIL-THE CEMETERIES THE POLICE OF QUINCY -QUINCY GAS, ELECTRIC AND HEATING COMPANY-LOCAL TRANS- PORTATION SYSTEMS 439
CHAPTER XIII
LITERARY, REFORMATORY AND CHARITABLE
THE QUINCY HERALD-THE QUINCY WHIG-QUINCY GERMANIA-THE QUINCY JOURNAL-LABOR PUBLICATIONS-OTHER PUBLICATIONS- QUINCY PRESS CLUB-THIE FRIENDS IN COUNCIL- THE ROUND TABLE-THE ATLANTIS CLUB-THE STUDY AND TUESDAY STUDY CLUBS-QUINCY WOMEN'S FORUM-THREE ARTS CLUB-QUINCY IHISTORICAL SOCIETY - CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIONS - WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION-THE ASSOCIATED CHARITIES-THE CHEERFUL, HOME SETTLEMENT-YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSO- CIATION-QUINCY HUMANE SOCIETY AND HENRY P. WALTON- YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION-DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION-ADAMS COUNTY RED CROSS CHAPTER- HOMES AND HOSPITALS-FIRST ORPHANAGE OF QUINCY-THE WOOD- LAND HOME-ST. VINCENT HOME FOR THE AGED-ST. MARY'S, THE FIRST HOSPITAL-LINDSAY CHURCH HOME-THE BLESSING HOS- PITAL-THE ANNA BROWN HOME-OLD PEOPLE'S HOME (DAS AL- TENHEIM )-DETENTION HOME .510
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XIN'
CHURCHES AND SOCIETIES
FIRST UNION CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHI-VERMONT STREET METHO- DIST EPISCOPAL-CENTRAL BAPTIST CHURCH-ST. BONIFACE AND ST. PETER'S CHURCHES-ST. JOHN'S PARISH AND CATHEDRAL EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF ST. JOHN-FIRST PRESBY- TERIAN CHURCH-SECOND CONGREGATIONAL UNITARIAN CHURCHI- KENTUCKY STREET METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH-THE SALEM EVANGELICAL CHURCHI-THE CHRISTIAN CHURCHES-ST. JACOBI EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH-CONGREGATION K. K. BNAMI SHOLEM-ST. FRANCIS SOLANUS PARISH-ST. FRANCIS SOLANUS COLLEGE - FATHER ANSELMI - THE COLORED CHURCHES - ST. PETER'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN-ST. MARY'S ROMAN CATHI- OLIC CHURCH-BETHEL GERMAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH- ST. PAUL'S EVANGELICAL CHURCHI-ST. JOHN'S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHI-UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH-FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST SCIENTIST-LUTIJER MEMORIAL CHURCH-ST. ROSE OF LIMA CHURCH-GRACE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH-CHURCH FED- ERATION-SOCIAL, INDUSTRIAL, SECRET AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES -THE MASONS OF QUINCY-SCOTTISHI RITE MASONRY IN QUINCY -BUILDING OF THE TEMPLE-OTHER HIGH MASONIC BODIES-THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOW'S-THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS -THE ROYAL ARCANUM COUNCIL-KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS-THE EAGLES AND OTHER SOCIETIES-THE WESTERN CATHOLIC UNION- QUINCY TURN VEREIN-QUINCY COUNTRY CLUB. 540
CHAPTER XV
INDUSTRIAL AND FINANCIAL
OLDEST EXISTING INDUSTRIES-CLASSIFICATION OF TODAY-THE QUINCY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE-THE QUINCY FREIGHT BUREAU -THE BANKS OF QUINCY-BRANCHI OF THE STATE BANK-FLAGG & SAVAGE OPEN A BANK-SEVERAL FAILURES-OLD BANK OF QUINCY-QUINCY SAVINGS BANK-JOHN WOOD AND II. F. J. RICKER-L. & C. II. BULL ENTER THE BANKING FIELD-E. J. PARKER'S BANK-ORDER OF SENIORITY-CONSOLIDATION OF THE BULL AND PARKER INTERESTS-STATE SWINGS, LOAN AND TRUST COMPANY-ROBERT W. GARDNER AND EDWARD J. PARKER-DEATHI OF LORENZO BULL- THE RICKER NATIONAL BANK AND ITS FOUNDER-QUINCY NATIONAL BANK-ILLINOIS STATE BANK- OTHER BANKS 579
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XVI
CAMP POINT
EARLY SETTLEMENTS IN TOWNSHIP-PETER B. GARRETT AND THOMAS BAILEY-PIONEER CHURCHES-RISE OF GARRETT'S MILL-CAMP POINT PLATTED-INFLUENCE OF THOMAS BAILEY-BAILEY PARK AND THE OPERA HOUSE-THE MAPLEWOOD HIGH SCHOOL-OTHER RESIDENCE ESSENTIALS-THE CAMP POINT JOURNAL-THE TWO BANKS-THE CHURCHES-FRATERNITY TEMPLE AND SOCIETIES- THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS LODGES-WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONS .590
CHAPTER XVII
CLAYTON AND GOLDEN
EARLY SETTLERS OF CLAYTON TOWNSHIP-THE MCCOYS FOUND THE VILLAGE-MOVING THE OLD TOWN TO THE COUNTRY-THE VILLAGE OF TODAY-BANKS-CHURCHES AND SOCIETIES-NORTHEAST TOWN- SHIP-FOUNDING OF KEOKUK JUNCTION-THIE JUNCTION PLATTED -THE GOLDEN OF TODAY - SCHOOL AND NEWSPAPER - THE CHURCHES OF GOLDEN .601
CHAPTER XVIII
MENDON AND LORAINE
PIONEERS OF MENDON TOWNSHIP-MENDON VILLAGE PLATTED EARLY POLITICAL CENTER-CHURCHES AND LODGES-MENDON INCOR- PORATED AS A VILLAGE-THE LOCAL NEWSPAPER-THE BANKS- KEENE TOWNSHIP SETTLED-THE STEINER FAMILY-LORAINE VILLAGE .612
CHAPTER XIX
PAYSON AND PLAINVILLE
PIONEER HORTICULTURISTS-FOUNDING OF PAYSON VILLAGE- NOTED EARLY SCHOOLS-OTHER VILLAGE INSTITUTIONS-VILLAGE OF PLAINVILLE 621
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XX
OTHER TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES
INDUSTRIES AND PRODUCTS OF HONEY CREEK TOWNSHIP-FROGGY PRAIRIE-COATSBURG, QUINCY'S RIVALPALOMA AND THE GOOD- INGS-FALL CREEK TOWNSHIP-MARBLEHEAD AND FALL CREEK- LIMA TOWNSHIP AND VILLAGE-LIBERTY-GILMER TOWNSHIP AND FOWLER-THE OLD THOMPSON SETTLEMENT-OLD AND NEW URSA -MERCILLINE-COLUMBI'S-BURTON TOWNSHIP AND ITS VILLAGES -HOUSTON TOWNSHIP-BEVERLY TOWNSHIP AND ITS VILLAGES- ELLINGTON TOWNSHIP AND BLOOMFIELD-MCKEE TOWNSHIP AND KELLERVILLE-RICHFIELD VILLAGE . . 630
CHAPTER XXI
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIONS AND HISTORIES
WHY ADAMS COUNTY COULD APPROPRIATELY CELEBRATE -COUNTY CENTENNIAL COMMISSION FORMED-CELEBRATIONS IN THE COUNTY -LIBERTY TOWNSHIP CENTENNIAL PICNIC-ELLINGTON, BURTON, MENDON, RICHIFIELD, GOLDEN, CAMP POINT, PAYSON, HOUSTON, COLUMBUS, GILMER, HONEY CREEK, CONCORD, MELROSE AND FALL CREEK TOWNSHIPS-CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF LIBERTY TOWNSHIP' (BY W. A. ROBINSON, HISTORIAN)-HISTORY OF BURTON TOWN- SIIIP (CONTRIBUTED)-HISTORY OF RICHFIELD TOWNSHIP (CON- TRIBUTED)-JIONEY CREEK TOWNSHIP (By W. S. GRAY ) . . . . .. 640
CHAPTER XXII
OTHIER HISTORIC CELEBRATIONS
THE MASQUE OF ILLINOIS -- A BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF THE PAGEANT- AT QUINCY-OUTSIDE OF QUINCY-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION AT THE COUNTY SEAT-"HIAWATHA" IN QUINCY-MILITARY DAY- RELATIVES OF WORLD WAR SOLDIERS -- PATRIOTIC DEMONSTRATION- PERSHING'S BEAUTIES, A FEATURE-SERGEANT WEYMAN'S ELO- QUENT WAR SPEECH -- THE HISTORICAL, DISPLAY -DEDICATION OF . THE GOLD STAR FLAG 6,80
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XXIII
ADAMS COUNTY WORLD WAR PERSONNEL
THOSE WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES-HOW THE MEN WERE RAISED AND DISTRIBUTED-MANY JOINED OLD GUARD UNITS-IIISTORY OF THE DRAFT BOARDS-RECRUITING OFFICES KEPT BUSY-NAMES NOT ALL COMPLETED-QUINCY MEN INDUCTED BY EXEMPTION BOARD -How MOST OF THE MEN WERE DISTRIBUTED-SOME QUINCY MEN WHO VOLUNTEERED-ROSTER OF NATIONAL GUARDSMEN WHO LEFT QUINCY-SOME COUNTY MEN WHO ENLISTED IN THE ARMY -NAVAL VOLUNTEERS GOING FROM QUINCY-LATEST FIGURES ON THE COUNTY'S CONTRIBUTION OF MEN 689
History of Quincy and Adams County
CHAPTER I
IN A STATE OF NATURE
AREA, DRAINAGE AND SPRINGS-UPLANDS, PRAIRIES AND BOTTOM LANDS -SURFACE GEOLOGY RELATED TO NATURAL WEALTHI-AALLUVIAL DEPOSITS-THE LOESS-THE REAL DRIFT-FORMATION AND DIS- TRIBUTION OF THE DRIFT-GLACIAL MOVEMENTS AND ICE SHEETS -ORIGIN OF THE PRAIRIES-SWAMP LANDS TRANSFORMED INTO PRAIRIE-THE COAL MEASURES-THE COMMERCIAL CLAYS-SOILS AND THEIR NATURAL PRODUCTS -- HEALTHFUL CLIMATE-BIRD LIFE IN ADAMS COUNTY-FRIENDS OF THE FARMER.
Adams is one of the Mississippi River counties, west of the center of the State, and lies a trifle away from the great routes of discovery and exploration into the interior of the country which were marked out by the great French adventurers and Catholic priests. As it is not far north of the historic valley of the Illinois, the region soon came within the scope of these activities, especially when the lower reaches of the Mississippi, which were supposed to lead toward the South or Oriental Seas, had been carelessly explored, and the upper waters of the great river beckoned to the revealers of the New World. What is now Adams County was then passed and repassed by great men, but they did not linger on its soil, as it was watered and fertilized by no large or attractive stream ; that is, as all the majestic, bewildering and mysterious rivers of America were subject to their choice, there was no waterway in what is now Adams County which could attract them overpoweringly to its soil.
AREA, DRAINAGE AND SPRINGS
The county embraces an area of about 830 square miles, divided into twenty-two political townships, sixteen of which are of the regu- lation thirty-six sections each ; which accounts for 576 square miles of the total area. The irregular townships border on the Mississippi River, one only (Mendon) being in the second tier to the east. The Vol. 1-1
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QUINCY AND ADAMS COUNTY
tributaries to the great river which forms its western boundary are Bear, Ursa and Crooked creeks, which drain the northern portions of the county ; Rock and McGee creeks, which water the central and east- ern townships, and Mill, Fall, MeCraney's and Hadley's creeks, which meander through the southern sections. These streams furnished, in early times, a small amount of water power for mills and machinery and an abundant supply of water for live stock. Fine springs are abundant in some portions of the county, more especially in the south- ern and western townships where the Burlington or Quincy limestone is the prevailing rock. That formation is somewhat cavernous and admits the free passage of subterranean waters through it, until they finally find an outlet at the surface in the form of living springs of clear filtered water.
UPLANDS, PRAIRIES AND BOTTOM LANDS
The uplands in this county are nearly equally divided into timber and prairie, the timber portions being mainly restricted to the broken lands in the vicinity of the streams. The prairies are generally quite rolling, except in the northeastern part of the county where they are comparatively level. The general elevation of the prairie region above the level of the Mississippi at low water is from 200 to 280 feet.
Along the western border of the county there is a belt of alluvial bottom lands from 1 to 5 miles in width extending the whole length of the county from north to south, except for about two miles in the vicinity of Quincy, where the bluffs approach near to the river bank. A portion of these alluvial lands is quite dry, being only overflowed by the highest floods in the river. They have a very rich and productive soil, which is partly prairie, especially the higher portions adjacent to the river bluffs. The low bottom lands are partly covered with timber. Those north of Quincy toward the Hancock County line were, in the early times, intersected with numerous bayous, and in the northwestern corner of Adams County one of them widened into what was known as Lima Lake. Systematic drainage has since almost obliterated that body of water, and brought under cultivation large tracts of lands which were considered worthless.
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