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86 It is stated that Marquette also kept a copy of the lost report or journal of Jolliet (Dablon Relation, Aug. 1, 1674; Hist. Soc., v, p. 238; Margry, i, p. 262), but these reports probably refer to Mar- quette's own narrative.
87 Unfinished letter of Father Marquette, Shea's "Mississippi," P. 258.
$8 Dablon's Narrative of Marquette's Second Voyage, Ibid., p. 53.
89 Procès Verbal, Margry, i, p. 99.
90 N. Y. Colonial Documents, pp. 132, 804. Parkman's "La Salle," p. 68, n. Dictionnaire Généalogique, i, p. 442.
91 Unfinished letter of Father Marquette, Shea's "Mississippi," pp. 258-264.
92 It has been claimed that Marquette made this journey by the Des Plaines and Chicago Rivers, and around the southern end of Lake Michigan, but this is not supported by the only contemporary author- ity, the Narrative of Marquette's Second Voyage, by Father Claude Dablon. He says: "The Illinois Indians escorted Marquette more than thirty leagues on the way, and after they had taken leave of him he continued his voyage and soon after reached the Illinois Lake." A little more than thirty French leagues by the Des Plaines and Chi- cago would have brought the party to the lake, and Dablon would then have stated that they parted there. But his language plainly implies a longer river journey than by the Des Plaines. Again, he says that after Marquette reached the lake he had nearly a hundred leagues to make by an unknown route, because he was obliged to take the southern (meaning the eastern) side of the lake, having gone thither by the northern (meaning the western). We know that Mar- quette went to the Illinois country by the Chicago and Des Plaines Rivers. Had he returned by the same route to the lake and then fol- lowed its southern curve, Dablon would hardly have spoken of it as
197
NOTES
utterly unknown, but rather as a divergence from the route which Marquette had followed to the Indian village. And although he had not traveled on the lake south of the mouth of the Chicago River, yet he had visited that point twice, and from it a part of this route was in sight at least. Moreover Dablon says the return route was on another side of the lake from that used in going. But if Marquette went south from the Chicago River, a large part of the journey on the lake would have been on the same side as his journey to the Illinois, and would have been so described. A still more conclusive argument is derived from Dablon's statement that Marquette had nearly a hundred leagues to make on Lake Michigan. This fairly represents the distance from the mouth of the St. Joseph to St. Ignace, but from the mouth of the Chicago to St. Ignace would have been forty leagues more, and Dablon could not have described the whole lake trip as nearly one hundred leagues when it would have been much more than this.
93 Dablon's Narrative of Marquette's Second Voyage, supra, pp. 55 seq.
94 Shea's Mississippi," Ixxi, p. 63.
95 The river where Marquette died is a small stream in the west of Michigan, some distance south of the promontory called the "Sleeping Bear." It was long called by his name, which is now borne by a neighboring stream (Parkman's "La Salle,", p. 71, n .; Shea's "Mis- sissippi," p. 58, n.). An interesting account of the probable discov- ery of Father Marquette's remains in 1877 will be found in "Missionary Labors of Father Marquette, Menard and Allouez," etc., p. 136.
96 Dictionnaire Généalogique, i, p. 324. Archbishop Taché's letter, Chi. Hist. Soc. MSS.
97 Ibid.
98 Lettre du Comte de Frontenac à Colbert, 1677. Margry I, p. 324. Lettre de Colbert à M. Du Chesneau, 28 Avril, 1677. Margry, i, P. 329.
99 Margry, i, pp. 405-406-418.
100 Parkman's "La Salle," p. 66, note. Contract du vendu par susses- sion de défunt M. Bissot, 19 Avril, 1680. C. H. S. MSS. Dictionnaire Généalogique, i, pp. 56, 324, v. p. 14.
101 Parkman's "La Salle," p. 49, note; p. 66, note. Dictionnaire Gén- éalogique, i, p. 324, v. 14. Shea's "Mississippi," lxxx.
102 Dictionnaire Généalogique, i, p. 324.
103 Narrative of Father Marquette, Shea's "Mississippi," p. 14. Fron- tenac's letters, Margry, i, pp. 255, 257. Dablon in Shea's Missis- sippi, pp. 4, 5. Dictionnaire Généalogique.
198 CHAPTERS FROM ILLINOIS HISTORY
104 For the views of modern writers as to Jolliet's leadership of the Mississippi expedition, see "Narrative and Critical History of America," iv, pp. 178, 179, 180, 209. Cartier to Frontenac, p. 236. Parkman's "La Salle" (eleventh edition), pp. 47, 48, 49, 53, 66. Shea's "Mississippi," xxvii, xxviii, 1xxx, p. 5; p. 5, note.
II. EXPLORATION
1 Dablon's Narrative, Shea's "Mississippi," pp. 53, 56.
2 Jesuit Relations, 1670, p. 87, Shea's "Mississippi," p. 69, n.
3 Margry, i, p. 59.
+ Ibid., i, pp. 59. 60. Kingsford's "Canada," i, pp. 240, 245.
5 Shea's "Mississippi," Allouez, p. 68, n .; Jesuit Relations. 1664, pp. 28, 29.
6 Jesuit Relations, 1665, pp. 8-9. 1667, p. 4.
7 Ibid., 1666, p. 3.
8 Ibid., 1667, pp. 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 13, 25.
9 Ibid., p. 26.
10 Shea's "Mississippi," Allouez, p. 69, n.
11 Jesuit Relations, 1669, p. 17.
12 Ibid., 1670, pp. 87, 92, 94, 96, 97, 100. "Missionary Labors of Mar- quette," etc., p. 178. "Historic Green Bay," p. 162.
13 Jesuit Relations, 1671, pp. 42-44.
14 R. G. Thwaites' "Historic Waterways," p. 175. "Missionary Labors of Marquette," etc., p. 179.
15 Margry, i, p. 98.
16 Jesuit Relations, 1671, pp. 27-28.
17 Ibid., 1672, p. 42.
18 Shea's "Mississippi," Allouez, p. 69, n.
19 Ibid., pp. 70-73.
20 Margry, ii, p. 175.
21 Shea's "Mississippi," Allouez, pp. 74-77.
22 Ibid., p. 69, n .; p. 77. Margry, ii, pp. 34, 41. Parkman's "La Salle," p. 222, n.
23 "Cavelier de La Salle de Rouen," Gravier, p. 11. Parkman's "La Salle," p. I. Margry, i, Introduction, xxix, p. 346. Kingsford's "Canada," i, p. 376.
24 Parkman's "La Salle," p. I, n. Kingsford's "Canada," supra. "Cavelier de La Salle de Rouen," pp. 11-12.
25 "Les Anciens Forts de Lachine," D. Girouard, pp. 11 and 12. Margry, i, p. 280. "Lac St. Louis," D. Girouard, pp. 10, 11, 12. Parkman's "La Salle," p. I, n.
26 Parkman's "La Salle," p. 4. Gravier's "La Salle," p. 14. Mar-
199
NOTES
gry, i, p. 330. "Le Vieux Lachine," Girouard, pp. 13-17, 116. Abbé De Galinée, Margry, i, p. 114-116.
27 Parkman's "La Salle," pp. 21-27. "Mémoire par Nicholas Per- rot," pp. 119-122. Shea's "Bursting of Pierre Margry's La Salle Bubble," pp. 1, 9.
28 Margry, i, pp. 330-331.
29 Ibid., i, pp. 227-288,
30 Ibid., i, pp. 292, 437.
31 Ibid., ii, pp. 75, 259.
32 Ibid., i, pp. 439, 337.
33 "Les Tonty," B. Sulte, pp. 3-5. Parkman's "La Salle," p. 115. "Mémoire de Henri de Tonty envoyé en 1693, Relations et Mémoires Inédits par Pierre Margry" (cited as "Tonty," 1693), p. 5. This Memoir is translated in "Historical Collections of Louisiana," by B. F. French (cited as French's "La."), vol. i, pp. 52-78.
34 Margry, ii, pp. 75-76.
35 Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 440-445; Tonty's Relation, Ibid., pp. 571 seq. ; Parkman's "La Salle," ch. viii.
36 Ibid., pp. 448-451. "Tonty," 1684; Ibid., p. 579.
37 Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 451-455.
38 Ibid., pp. 456-459.
39 Ibid., pp. 459-461; cf. Tonty's Relation, Ibid., pp. 580 seq. and Shea's Hennepin's Louisiana, pp. 129 seq.
" Le Clercq says La Salle left four men at Fort Miami (Shea's "Establishment of the Faith," ii, p. 117), and this statement has been followed by a recent writer ("Cartier to Frontenac," p. 264). But it seems hardly credible-Le Clercq was not a member of the party, and is inaccurate especially as to numbers (see his statements as to La Salle's party leaving Green Bay, "Establishment of the Faith," ii, pp. 116-117). Hennepin, who was of the party, does not mention any men remaining at the fort, but says they left letters there hanging from the trees, which certainly they would not have done had any one stayed at that place. The Relation Officielle makes the same statement (see Shea's "Hennepin's Louisiana," pp. 135 et seq., and Hennepin's "New Discovery," London, 1698, pp. 108 and IfI ; also Margry, i, p. 463).
41 Relation Officielle, Margry, pp. 461-463. Tonty, 1684, Ibid., p. 581,
42 Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 463-464. "Hennepin's Louisi- ana." Shea (cited as "Hennepin La."); pp. 142, 152. Tonty, 1684. Margry, i, p. 582.
43 Margry, ii, pp. 174, 175, 41,99-10I.
# La Salle says they arrived January Ist (Margry, ii, p. 36), so also
200
CHAPTERS FROM ILLINOIS HISTORY
the Relation Officielle (Margry, i, p. 466), but Tonty (Margry, i, p. 582), Hennepin ("New Discovery," 1698 ed., p. 113; "La." p. 152), and Le Clercq (Shea, ii, pp. 117-118), all make the arrival the latter part of December or the last day, which seems more probable.
45 "Hennepin La.," Shea, p. 153.
46 Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 467-468. La Salle à Thouret, Margry, ii, p. 36. A minot contains 39 litres; a bushel, 36 and a fraction litres.
47 Ibid., pp. 467-468. "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 118. "Hennepin La." 154-156. Hennepin "N. D.", pp. 121, 122. La Salle à Thouret, Margry, ii, p. 38.
48 Hennepin "N. D.," pp. 122, 123, 124. "Hennepin La." pp. 157- 160. Margry, i, p. 468; ii, pp. 38-39.
49 Margry, i, pp. 468-470; ii, pp. 39-40. "Hennepin La.," pp. 159, 161-162.
50 Margry, i, pp. 470-471; ii, p. 100. "Hennepin La.," p. 165. "Cartier to Frontenac," pp. 265, 266.
51 This head chief, who was then absent, is called in different accounts Chassagoac and Chassagouasse.
52 Margry, i, pp. 471-473; ii, p. 43. "Hennepin La.," pp. 166-169; "N. D.," p. 126.
53 Margry, i, p. 473.
54 Ibid., i, p. 474; ii, p. 100.
55 Relation Officielle, Margry, i, p. 471. "Hennepin La.," p. 155.
56 Margry, ii, p. 46.
57 Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 583. Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," i, p. 54.
58 Moyse Hillaret, Margry, ii, p. 108.
59 Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 581.
Margry, i, p. 449.
61 Ibid., ii, pp. 46-47.
62 Ibid., i, pp. 475, 476.
63 The exact location of Fort Crèvecœur has been a matter of con- troversy. The early authorities are Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 467, 476, 488; Lettre de La Salle, Margry, ii, p. 247; "Hennepin, La.," pp. 175 n, 187; Hennepin "N. D.," p. 142; and Franquelin's Map, 1684. (Parkman's "La Salle, p. 294; "Cartier to Frontenac," pp. 308, 344.) A local antiquarian has held the place to be a projection of the bluff directly back of the village of Wesley City, three miles below Peoria ("Fort Crèvecœur," by J. Gale, Peoria Journal, Jan. 11, 1890). Parkman at first adopted a similar view, saying in his "Discovery of the Great West," p. 168, ninth edition, "The spot may still be seen a little below Peoria"; but he omits this sentence in his last edition of
201
NOTES
the same work. Others think it stood in Fond du Lac township in Tazewell County above Peoria and a mile and a half below the narrows of Peoria Lake (Chicago Tribune, Nov. 16, 1889); but a very competent authority fixes the site farther to the north, and identifies it with a mound a little below Spring Bay in Woodford County (Hiram W. Beckwith in the "Land of the Illini," Chicago Tribune, Feb. 24, 1895). This is probably the correct location.
64 Margry i, pp. 476-477 ; ii, pp. 48-49. "Hennepin La.," pp. 176-177, 187. "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 130. Hennepin "N. D.," p. 142.
65 "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 123. Hennepin "N. D.," p. 136.
66 "Hennepin La.," pp. 179, 180, 186. Margry, i, p. 583. French's. "La.," i, p. 54. Margry, ii, pp. 31, 32, 49, 95.
67 Shea's notes to "Le Clercq, ii, p. 123, and "Hennepin La.," p. 175. See "Cartier to Frontenac," p. 266.
Parkman's "La Salle," p. 168.
69 "Le Clercq," ii, p. 123. "Hennepin La.," p. 188. Margry, ii,
PP. 49-50, 103.
70 Margry, ii, pp. 49-53.
71 Ibid., p. 54.
12 Ibid., p. 54. The Matoutentas were a Mandan tribe. "Lewis and Clark's Expedition," Coues, i, p. 182. The Chaa, an Algonquin name for the Sioux ("Hennepin La.," p. 189, n.).
73 Membré in "Le Clercq," ii, pp. 133-140. "Le Clercq," ii, p. 123. "Hennepin La.," p. 140-143, 186, 258; "N. D.," p. 141. "Relations des Jésuites," 1671, pp. 25, 45. "Relations Inédites," i, pp. 133, 138. Parkman's "La Salle," p. 207, n.
74 "Hennepin La.," p. 186-187; "N. D.," pp. 136, 142. "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 130.
75 Hennepin "N. D.," p. 141.
76 Ibid., p. 144. Margry, ii, p. 54.
77 Margry, i, p. 478; ii, p. 246. "Hennepin La.," pp. 361-362, 371 Margry, ii, p. 55.
78 Margry, i, pp. 477-478; ii, pp. 54-55.
79 "Hennepin La.," pp. 187-188, 189; "'N. D.," pp. 142-143
80 "Hennepin La.," pp. 189-192; "N. D.," pp. 143-144.
81 "Hennepin La.," pp. 192-193; "N. D.," 1698, pp. 145-146-147. .Margry, i, pp. 478-479.
82 Margry, i, pp. 478-479.
83 Ibid., ii, p. 248. "Hennepin La.," p. 363.
84 "Hennepin La.," pp. 195-199; "N. D.," 1698, p. 148.
85 Margry, i, p. 488; ii, p. 109.
86 Lettre de La Salle à Thouret, Margry, ii, pp. 51, 55, 56. Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 488-490.
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CHAPTERS FROM ILLINOIS HISTORY
*" "Hennepin La.," p. 166. Shea's "Mississippi," p. 259.
88 Margry, i, pp. 488-490. Marquette's Last Journal, Shea's "Mis- sissippi," p. 259.
89 Margry, i, p. 491; ii, pp. 57-58.
40 Margry, i, pp. 491-492; ii, pp. 58-59.
91 Margry, i, p. 492; ii, p. 59.
92 Margry, ii, p. 59. Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," p. 55. Margry,
ii, p. 88.
93 Margry, i, pp. 492-496; ii, pp. 59-64.
4 Margry, i, pp. 496-503 ; ii, pp. 64-65, 69-73, 103-108.
95 Margry, ii, pp. 73-74, 76.
96 Chicago Tribune, January 24, 1883.
97 Margry, i, pp. 501-502, 513-514; ii, p. 125.
9% Margry, i, pp. 514-515; ii, p. 127.
Margry, i, pp. 515-516; ii, pp. 127-128.
100 Margry, i, pp. 516-518; ii, pp. 128-130.
101 Margry, i, p. 520; ii, pp. 131-133.
102 Margry, ii, p. 134. Le Clercq, ii, pp. 154, 155.
103
Margry, i, pp. 521-523; ii, pp. 135-136.
104 Margry, i, pp. 523-524 ; ii, p. 137.
105 Margry, i, pp. 524-525 ; ii, pp. 138-139.
106 Margry, i, p. 525; ii, p. 139.
III. OCCUPATION
1 La Salle left Fort Crèvecœur March 1, 1680 (Margry, ii, pp. 51. 55, 117), arrived at Fort Miami March 24th, and met there the two men sent to Mackinac the preceding autumn (Margry, ii, pp. 59, 60). These two men were La Chapelle and Le Blanc (Moyse Hillaret, Margry, ii, p. 109). Tonty says the two men sent to Mackinac in the autumn were sent to him with the order to build a fort (French's "La." i, p. 55). As they left Fort Miami March 24th at earliest, even if they made as good speed as La Salle did the following March from Fort Miami to the great Illinois village (Margry, i, pp. 529-530), they would hardly have reached Fort Crèvecœur before April 11th.
2 Membré as quoted by Le Clercq states that the flight and deser- tion led by Le Blanc and La Chapelle took place "about the middle of March" ("Le Clercq", Shea, ii, p. 136), but this does not agree with his previous statement that these men were at the St. Joseph March 13th (Ibid., p. 131), whence they could not have reached Crèvecœur by the middle of the month, nor with the Relation Offi- cielle (Margry, i, p. 520). He doubtless meant to write "about the middle of April."
203
NOTES
3 "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 130-131. Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," i, p. 55. Margry i, pp. 496, 503-504, 520, 584; Ibid., ii, pp. 70, 103, 109, 118, 119, 133.
4 Margry, i, p. 496; ii, p. 69. "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 132. Mar- gry, i, p. 503; ii, pp. 70, 118, 119, 104-105.
5 Margry, i, p. 503; ii, pp. 119, 120.
6 Membré, "Le Clercq," Shea," ii, pp. 132, 133, 136-137, 138.
7 Membré, "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 133, 134, 137-138. "Hennepin La.," p. 166, n.
$ Margry, i, p. 584; ii, p. 297. Membré, "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 136, 137, 138.
9 Membré, "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 137. Margry, i, pp. 507, 584; ii, p. 12I.
10 Margry, i, pp. 508, 584-585 ; ii, pp. 120, 121, 140.
11 Margry, i, pp. 508, 509, 585, 586; ii, pp. 121, 122. Membré, "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 141.
12 Margry, i, pp. 509-510, 585-586; ii, pp. 122-123. Membré, in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 142-143. French's "La.," i, pp. 55-56.
Ibid.
14 Ibid.
15 Margry, ii, p. 343. Parkman's "La Salle," p. 116, n. Sulte's
"Les Tonty," p. 4.
16 French's "La.," p. 57. "La Hontan," edit. 1735, i, p. 82.
17 French's "La.," i, p. 57.
18 Margry, i and ii, supra. Hennepin "N. D.," pp. 284-289.
19 Margry, i, p. 511; ii, p. 124. "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 145. 20 "Hennepin La.," p. 268.
21 "Le Clercq," Shea. Ibid. French's "La.," p. 57. Margry, i, p. 588. Hennepin "N. D.," p. 291.
22 Membré, "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 145-146-147. Margry, i, pp. 511, 589; ii, p. 124. Shea "Hennepin La.," pp. 190, 270. Hennepin "N. D.," p. 143. Hennepin "N. D.," p. 294, says Ribourde was about sixty-five years old, but La Salle says he was aged sixty-three years in 1680. Margry, ii, p. 119. For Ribourde's character see "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 148.
23 Membre, "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 149. Margry, i, pp. 501, 511, 514, 589; ii, pp. 116, 125, 128. French's "La.," i, p. 58. "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 145-150.
24 Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," i, pp. 58-59. Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, pp. 589, 590, 592. Membré in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 147, 149-150. Relation Officielle, Margry, i, p. 512.
25 Ibid. Tonty and the Relation Officielle say that he wintered
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CHAPTERS FROM ILLINOIS HISTORY
among the Pottawattamies (Margry, i, pp. 512, 592, Relations Inédites, p. 13), as does La Salle (Margry, i, p. 532; ii, p. 144). Mem- bré says he himself went to the bay of the Puants, where the Jesuit Fathers have a house, and that Tonty followed some time after with the Frenchmen ("Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 150).
26 Margry, i, pp. 512, 517; ii, p. 124. Hennepin "N. D.," p. 288. "Le Clercq" Shea, ii, p. 144. "Hennepin La.," p. 259.
27 Parkman's "Jesuits in North America," Introduction, note, xlvii- xlviii. Margry, i, pp. 504-505; ii, p. 33. Du Chesneau on Western Indians, 1681, Paris Documents, ix (N. Y. Col. History), p. 162.
28 Margry, ii, p. 33.
29 Membré, in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 134.
30 Ibid., pp. 139-140.
31 Margry, ii, pp. 34, 99, 102; 115, 116, 118, 119, 121, 145, 146; 216- 220, 297-298.
32 Ibid., p. 226.
33 Ibid., pp. 144-145.
34 Ibid., pp. 297-298.
35 Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 525-527; ii, pp. 139-141.
36 Margry, i, pp. 527-529; ii, pp. 141-143.
37 Margry, i, pp. 529-531 ; ii, pp. 143-144, 146-147.
38 Ibid., i, pp. 531-543; ii, pp. 147-158.
39 Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, pp. 592-593. Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," i, p. 59. Membre in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 151, 151 n, 157, 159, 160. Relation Officielle, Margry, i, pp. 531-543. La Salle, Margry, ii, pp. 147, 158, 103-164, 203.
40 La Salle, Margry, ii, pp. 164-165, 166, 169, 187; Récit de Nicolas de La Salle, Margry, I, p. 549. Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 593. Membré in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, pp. 161-162. Relation de la Découverte de l'embouchure de la Rivière Mississippi, in "Géologie Pratique de la Louisiane," par R. Thomassy, p. 9 (cited as Thomassy).
41 Récit de L'Enterprise, Jacques de La Méterie, Margry ii, p. 187. Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, pp. 593, 595; ii, p. 169. Thomassy, pp. 9, 10. Membré in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 163.
42 Membré, supra, pp. 163, 164. Thomassy, p. 10. Margry, i, pp. 549, 550, 595; ii, pp. 187, 207, 243.
43 Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," i, p. 62.
44 Ibid. Parkman's "La Salle," pp. 285-289, Margry ii, pp. 186 seq.
45 Récit de Nicolas de La Salle, Margry, i, pp. 568-570. Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, pp. 611-612. Tonty, 1693, French's "La.," p. 65.
46 Ibid. La Salle, Margry, ii, pp. 202-203.
47 Lettre de M. de la Barre à Colbert le 14 Novembre, 1682, Margry,
ii, p. 303. "Le Clercq" Shea, ii, pp. 185, 194-195-196.
205
NOTES
48 Tonty, in his Mémoire of 1693, says that La Salle ordered him to go to gather the French on the River of the Miamis, in order to build the Fort St. Louis of the Illinois, and that he set out with this design, and when he arrived there M. de La Salle, who had changed his mind, came to join him there (Rel. Inéd., pp. 21-22). But Tonty also says in his Relation of 1684 that La Salle ordered him to go to have built a fort at the portage of the River of the Illinois, to maintain in security the village of the Shawanoes whom he had called to be near him and had joined with the Miamis (Margry, i, pp. 612-613). That this is the more correct of the two statements is con- firmed by La Salle's letter to the Governor (Margry, ii, p. 311), writ- ten October 5, 1682, which says that he has caused a fort to be constructed at the portage of the River of the Illinois, and asks for supplies for it; and by his letter to one of his friends, written from Mackinac October, 1682, which says that he has built a fort at the portage of the River of the Illinois, where he has left thirty men with the Sieur de Tonty (Margry, ii, p. 294), and by La Barre's complaint that La Salle was going to build a fort at this portage, in his letter to Colbert of November 14, 1682 (M., ii, p. 303). Tonty explains above (Margry, i, p. 613) how he came to go to winter on the Illinois River, and that La Salle came to join him on the 30th of December. Nicolas de La Salle says expressly that La Salle, on his way from the Mis- sissippi Discovery, left eight men at Fort Crèvecœur, that he sent M. de Tonty from Mackinac with nine men to Crèvecœur to join the others, and that La Salle arrived there also after some time, made the French break camp, and led them opposite the place where the village of the Illinois was (M., i, pp. 569, 570). La Salle, and Tonty, 1684, agree. Tonty, 1693, is therefore incorrect.
49 Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 613. La Salle, Margry, ii, pp. 294, 303, 3II.
50 La Salle, Margry, ii, p. 248.
51 Lake St. Louis, D. Girouard, p. 25.
62 Récit de Nicolas de La Salle, Margry, i. p. 570.
53 Margry, i, p. 582.
54 Relations inédites, p. 19. French's "La.," p. 64.
55 Membré in "Le Clercq," Shea, ii, p. 186.
56 Margry, i, pp. 465-466.
57 Ibid., ii, p. 174.
IV. SETTLEMENT
1 Tonty, 1693, Rel. Inéd., p. 22. Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 613. Parkman's "La Salle," pp. 293, 294, and note. Lettre de La Salle, Margry, ii, pp. 175-176. Joutel, Margry, iii, pp. 479, 495. La Salle
206
CHAPTERS FROM ILLINOIS HISTORY
calls this post "Fort Saint - Louis dans la Louisiane"-see his conces- sion to Michel Dizy, Lake St. Louis, Girouard, p. 25, and Lettre de La Salle à Antoine Brossard, September 1, 1683, Chicago Historical Society MSS. Tonty calls it "Fort Saint-Louis des Illinois" (Sulte's "Les Tonty," pp. 15, 17), and by this title it was generally known.
2 Tonty, 1693, Rel. Inéd., p. 22. Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 613.
3 See names on Franquelin's map, Parkman's "La Salle," D. 295.
4 Parkman's "La Salle," p. 297, and Franquelin's map, supra. Hebberd ("Wisconsin under Dominion of France," p. 50), thinks this claim of La Salle's fraudulent, because the Miamis are counted thrice. This mistake is made by Franquelin, and Parkman follows him, but it does not nullify La Salle's report. Tonty, 1693, supra, says 300 cabins came, i. e., of Illinois, Miamis and Shawanoes. Hen- nepin ("La.," p. 153), says the great Illinois village had 460 cabins. made like long arbors, each with four or five fires, and each fire with one or two families. Allowing five persons to a family, each cabin might contain fifty people, and Tonty's 300 cabins would thus mean 15,000 persons from these three tribes alone, and the strange tribes would easily supply the remainder. See Membré's statement (Mar- gry, ii, p. 304) that La Salle led 600 Shawanoes with him. This probably means warriors, who would represent 3,000 persons from this tribe. La Salle also says that 9 or 10 Shawanoe villages were abandoned to join the French (Margry, ii, p. 314).
5 La Salle à La Barre, Margry, ii, pp. 314, 315, 317; Kingsford's Canada, ii, pp. 31-32. La Barre à Colbert, Nov. 12, 1683, and Nov. 14, 1683, Margry, ii, pp. 302-303-304, 336-337.
6 "Morel de la Durantaye," par A. C. De Leroy Macdonald, in "Le Monde," Sept. 30, 1893.
7 Journal D'une Expédition Contre Les Iroquois in 1687, Rédigé par Le Chevalier De Baugy . . . Lettres et Pièces Relatives au Fort Saint Louis des Illinois; Paris, 1883 (cited as De Baugy), pp. 159, 170. 8 La Salle à La Barre de Fort Saint-Louis, 2 Avril (1683), Margry, ii, PP. 312-317.
9 La Salle à La Barre, du Portage de Checagou, 4 Juin, 1683, Mar- gry, ii, pp. 317-328.
10 Ibid., p. 317.
11 Margry, ii, pp. 317, 323.
12 Ibid., p. 317.
13 Ibid., pp. 317, 321, 323, 327, 328.
Ibid.
15 Ibid., pp. 329, 336.
16 Ibid., p. 165.
207
NOTES
17 La Salle's letter from the Chicago portage to La Barre is dated June 4, 1683 (Margry, ii, p. 317)
18 Feuilles détachées d'une lettre de La Salle, Margry, ii, pp. 165-167. The date and first part of this letter are missing, but the context shows that it was written after the construction of Fort Saint-Louis, and probably in the year 1683.
19 De Baugy, pp. 161-168.
20 Ibid., p. 174.
21 Ibid., p. 175.
22 De Baugy, pp. 177-178, 180-181.
28 Ibid., pp. 177-184.
24 La Barre à Seignelay, Margry, ii, pp. 332-333.
25 La Salle à Brossard et al, Sept. 1, 1683. Chi. Hist. Soc. MSS. "Lac St. Louis," Girouard, p. 26. Jugements et Délibérations du Conseil Souverain de la Nouvelle-France. Quebec, 1887, iii, p. 544. 26 Tonty, 1684, Margry, i, p. 613.
27 La Salle à Brossard et al. Supra. Tonty, 1693, Rel. Inéd., p. 22; 1684, Margry, i, p. 613.
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