USA > Illinois > Cook County > Chicago > Discovery and conquests of the Northwest, with the history of Chicago, Vol. II > Part 31
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47
Unusual importance and value is attached to this portrait from the fact that Moro was one of the masters of his time, and that so great and talented an admirer as Washington Irving, after searching throughout Europe, and also during his long residence
428
World's Columbian Exposition.
in Spain as United States minister to that court, and known to be a great lover of Spanish history and tradition, on which he has written many volumes, settled upon this picture and placed it as a frontis- piece in his revised life (1850) of Christopher Colum- bus. Irving's search for a portrait for this purpose was by no means a short one. He had access to all the public and private libraries of the kingdom, which were freely opened to him, and it was Moro's famous work that honored that of Irving. The great author in speaking of the painting, says: "The protrait of Columbus prefaced to the present volume, is from a beautiful picture painted by Sir Anthony Moro for Margaret, Governess of the Netherlands. It was brought to this country about the year 1590, and has been in possession of one family until very recently, when it was purchased by Mr. Cribb, of King street, Covent Garden, London. The characteristics of the mind and features of Columbus are so forcibly depicted in this picture, that no doubt can remain but that it is a true and perfect resemblance of the great navi- gator."
All other portraits have a mythical history, with no positive foundation for their alleged authenticity.
Upon examination of the majority of the alleged portraits of Columbus, it will be seen that all of the artists in executing these works, had for their Colum- bus ideal a face and form with the plasticity of the priest, poet, writer, musician, or man of some other sedentary occupation. Not one of them possesses the characteristics so strong in Moro's work. In fact this portrait admirably portrays the face and form of a sailor, the features of a man full of vigor and am- bition. The face is handsome, robust, daring; one of determination and zeal, and the only one in which any artist seeking Columbus honors has brought out the characteristics of a true born sailor and navigator, such as Columbus was.
429
World's Columbian Exposition.
The Gunther Columbus is one of the few portraits upon which the name of the subject appears. Painted under the finish on the upper left hand corner of the panel is the inscription of "Ch. Columbo," from the brush of Moro.
This portrait was painted by one of the greatest masters of his time, who painted for the Emperor Charles V, at the court of Philip II, of Spain, and later at the court of England, where he was knighted by the crown. It is conceded that an artist of his reputation and position would never have painted a fictitious portrait of the great navigator, and placed the sub- ject's name upon it, nor would it have been passed upon or accepted by any of his associates, were it not a good likeness of the subject. Although Colum- bus had not the halo of heroism and glory around him then that the mantle of subsequent ages has clothed him with, his fame had spread, and when this portrait was executed (a few years after his death) there were many people yet alive who knew him per- sonally. From these facts it will be seen that the idea of Moro painting anything but a correct portrait of Columbus would be the height of absurdity, placing the artist in the light of an impostor. Moro's life as a master was of the highest standing.
DEATH OF COLUMBUS.
His death occurred at Valladolid, May 20, 1506. Very little general interest was manifest on the occa- sion. He was interred at the place of his death, and his remains were deposited at Seville, but the date of removal is uncertain, though known to be previous to 1509, whence they were removed to St. Domingo, according to some authorities in 1536, but certainly previous to 1541. This removal was to fulfill a request from Columbus himself, that his last resting place should be in the land that he had discovered. In 1795, owing to a French conquest of part of St. Domingo, permission was asked and granted to remove the remains
430
World's Columbian Exposition.
to Havana, and this was carried into effect, as was supposed, but in 1877 unmistakable evidence was brought to light that the remains of Christopher Columbus still repose in the vault of the Cathedral at St. Domingo, those removed to Havana having been the remains of another member of the Columbus family, mistaken for them.
List of persons who subscribed to the stock of the World's Columbian Exposition to the amount of $1,000 or more:
Abbey Henry E
Best Russell & Co
Chicago Mall Iron Co Dewey C P & AB
Adams Geo E
Bigelow Bros
Chicago Wilmington & Dexter Wirt Ver Coal Co
Diamond Match Co
Adams W H
Blatchford E W & Co
Chicago National Bank Diamond Prospect'g Co
Adams L & Co
Bliss Bullard & Gormley Chicago Telephone Co
Dickason L F
Adams & Spaulding
Boal C T Stove Co
Chicago Box Co
Dietz John L & Co
Adams & Westlake & Co Bogue & Hoyt
Adams & Westlake
Booth A Packing Co
Ass'n
Chicago White Lead & Doggett Bassett & Hills
Alaska Fur Co
Boyden Geo G
Oil Co
Co
Albert Dickenson Co
Boyle Wm M
Chicago Wood Furn Co Dolese & Shepard
Aldis Owen F
Bradner Smith & Co
Cinny J W
Donahue & Henneberry
Aldrich W H & Co
Bradley C D
Clark Robt
Doremus A H
Dovenmuehle H F C & Son
Allen Berry & Co
Brewster Edw L & Co
Clement Bane & Co
Drake Parker & Co
Allen W D Co
Brown Jno J
Clow Jas B & Son
Dreyer E S & Co
Allerton Samuel W
Brockway & McKey
Cochran J L
Drovers Journal
Allyn Arthur W
Brooks& Ross L'mber Co Coethell E L
Dunlap R & Co
Alston Mnfg Co
Brooks P C
Cohn J H
Durand H C & C
American Exchg Nat'l Bank
Browning King & Co
Colby J A & Son
Eagle Laundry Co
American Meter Co
Brunswick Balke lender Co
Com Natl Bank
Eaton & Prince
Amer. Tube and Iron Co Bryan Thos B
Com Exchange Bank
Eckhart & Swan
Ames & Frost Co
Bucklen H E
Contra Costa Calif. Co
Andrews A H & Co
Buehler Jno
Cont Natl Bank
Arend & Co
Bullock M C Mfg Co
Congdon C B
Arnheim Benj
Bunte Bros & Spoehr Burnham E
Cook Lyman Smith & Co Elithorpe Air Brake Co
Arm's Pal. Horse Car Co Butler Bros
Elliott F P & Co
Arnheim Louis
Butler J W Paper Co.
Ellsworth Jas W
Arnold Bros
Cahn Wampold & Co
Corbin May & Co
Emerich Chas & Co
Artingstall Sam'l A
Callaghan & Co
Corper & Nockin
Ascher Bernard & Co
Callahan A P
Coulter A & Co
Atlas National Bank
Cameron Amberg & Co Counselman Chas Carsley & East Mnfg Co Coyne E' S
Eureka Laundry Co
Auditorium Hotel Co
Carson Pirie Scott & Co Crane Elevator Co
Crane Bros Mfg Co
Excelsior Iron Works
Austrian Wise & Co Averiil A J
Carpenter Geo B & Co Carslaw J W D
Crame & Tarbell
Fair The
Fairbanks N K & Co
Badenoch Bros
Central Mfg Co
Cribben Sexton & Co
Falk Jung & Borchert Brewing Co Falker & Stern
Baird & Bradley
Chambers J B & Co
Crilly D F
Cuddahy John
Farwell J W & Co
Barnhardt Bros & Spindler
Channon H & Co
Cummings E A & Co
Farson Leach & Co
Bartholomae & Roesing ('hanute ()
Cummings F D
Fargo C H & Co
Barnes F J
Chicago Consolidated Bottling Co
Cutter & Crossette Daily News
Fay J A & Co
Barrett S E Mnfg Co
( hicago Rubber Works Chicago Varnish Co
Dake Baking Co Dallemand & Co
Bass Perkins Bass M H
Chicago Gas Trust Co
Davis Chester B
Felix & Marston
Bauer Julius & Co
Chicago Pkg & Prov Co Davis Will J
Ferrier P H
Field Benedict & Co
Field Marshall
Beck Aug & Co Biedler J Beiermeister & Spicer
Chicago Carpet Co
Chicago Herald Chicago Times
Dean Bader & Co Deiter Philip Deimel R & Bro
Fils & Oppenheimer First National Bank Fisher W & Co
Beifeld Jos & Co
Chicago Base Ball Club Delaney & Murphy
Fisk D B & Co
Belding Bros & Co
Chicago Forge & Bolt Co Dennehey Chas
Fitch M J Paper Co
Bennett F I
Chicago Fringe Works
Dennehy Chas
Fitz Simons & Connell Co
Bennech F Berry John
Chicago Paper Co
Detroit Stove Works
Flower Smith & Mus- grave
Chicago Cot. Organ Co
Dewes F J Brewing Co
Farnum I P Fay CN
Barker S B
Chicago Stamping Co
Daily Skandinavian
Felsenthal Gross & Miller
Bass J H
Chicago City Ry Co
Felsenthal Bros & Co
Bauer & Hill
Chicago Stove Works Davies Mrs M E Chicago Fire ProofingCo Davidson & Son
Bavarian Brewing Co
Chicago Ref Wareh. Co Dawson Martin Co
Fiedler A B & Sons
Baker Wm
Chandler & Co
Chapin & Gore
Cummings Andrew
Farrar Arthur
Barrett M L
Cass Geo W
Cregier Dewitt C
Ayer Ed E Bach L
Castro D
Crerar Adams & Co
Eggleston Mallette Brownell & Co Eisenstard Bros Electric Co Excelsior Co
Armour & Co
Brooks Shepherd
Colvin W H
Dwight J N
Col- Comyne Stone Co
Earl & Wilson
American Straw B'rd Co
Bradman J W & Co
Clark Stuart
Allan Line Royal Mail Steam
Bremner D F Baking Co Clark Raffen & Co
Chicago Auditorium
Dixon Arthur
Doane J W & Co
Ajax Forge Co
Bowman Dairy Co
Adams Isaac E
Biatz Valentine
Conkey W B
Cooke Brewing Co Coon & Co
Emery Geo A Estey & Camp Eureka Land Co
Atwood F M
Evening Journal
Curtis H C & Co
Belford Clarke & Co
431
World's Columbian Exposition.
Fortune Bros Brew Co
Forman Bros
Ford JS Johnson & Co
Franks J
Henrotin Chas
Lansing & Sickler
Moorhead McClean Co
Lapp & Fiershem
Larned Walter C
Morper Dernberg & Co
Frankenthal Freaden- Hibbard Spencer Bart- Lassig Bridge & Iron Wks Morrill & Co G H thal & Co lett & Co Lathrop Bryan
French & Potter Co
Hibernian Bankg Asso- Law Robt ciation
Lawler FR
Morris Nelson & Co
Friedman J & Co
Fuermann Brewing Co
Fuller & Fuller Co
Hirsh Elson & Co
Leland Hotel
Leonard H G & Co
Leopold Bros & Co
Levi H C
Mullen & Co
Munger G M & Co
Munson Chas Belting Co
Murray Owen
Libby Prison War Mus- Nathan Herman Co eum
George Milton Gerts Lombard & Co Giles Bros & Co Giles W A
Hughes Litho Co
Link Belt Mach Co
Needham Chas A
Gillespie P F
Humiston Keeling Co
Lipman C
Neemes J C
Gillett E W
Huston A C
List Edward
New berry Geo G & Co
Gimbel M & Son Godfrey & Clark Goes & Quensel
Huylers
Hyman Berg & Co
Loeb A & Bro
Lombard Josiah L
Nonatuck Silk Co
Goldschmidt Morris
Illinois Paper Co
Goodrich Transporta- Illinois Staats-Zeitung Co
tion Co
Goodyear Rubber Co Gora Geo P & Co Gorham Mfg Co
Illinois Steel Co Illinois Terra Cotta Lumber Co
Lowenstein L & Co Ludlow Geo W & Co Lyon Thos R
Norton Bros
Gottfried Brewing Co Gottlieb A
International Bank
McClurg A C & Co
Gradle & Stroz
Gravel Roofers Exch Greene M F
Jacobs B F Jacobs Win V
McCoy Wm
McDowell & Co
McEwan Peter
McEwen John
Orr & Lockett
Osburne Bros & Burgett
Ostung Wm
Pabst Brewing Co
Page M E & CO
Palmer Fuller & Co
Palmer House Co Patterson Thos E
Kahn Schoen brun & Co MacVeagh Frankiin & Co Payne Leroy
Katsche Oswald
Madlener F Magdatina Junk
Mallory W S & Co
Maloney Tim
Maltby H W
Manasse L
Mandel Bros
Mannheimer Lepman & Co
Peirce L II
Peninsular Stove Co
Peshtigo Lumber Co Phelps Dodge & Palmer
Phelps Outfitting Co
Phillips H Phillipson & Co Pickards, Brown & Co
Pierce Jonas J
Pike Eugene I
Pioneer Fire Proof C Co
Piper H
Pitkin & Brooks Place D S Plamondon A Mfg Co
Plows & Co
Poole Bros Price Baking Powder Co
Prior Wm A Proby Walter & Co
Pullman Geo M Putnam Ciotliing House
Miller Fred Brewing Co Quan J & Co
Milligan H J Mills 1) W Miner Real & Co
Mix Ira J & Bro Moe Charles & Co
Quan W J Raeder Henry Rand McNally & Co Rathbone Sard & ( 0
Rathbourne Joseph & Co
Gahan & Byrne Gardner H H & Co Gates Iron Works Gaylord F
Hooley R M
Horton Gilmore & McWilliams Hosmer & Fenn
Hoyt W M
Lincoln Ice Co
National Bank of Ills
Hoyt W M & Co
Lindblum Robt
National Tube Wks Co
Newberry Sig Wareh Co
Newman Bros
Nixon W K
Longlay Lowe & Alex- Norris Allister B F & Co ander North Chicago St Ry Co Northern Trust Co Lord Owen & Co
Northwestern Brg Co
Northwestern Natl Bk
Northwn Parlor suit Co
Goss Printing Press Co
Inter Ocean The
McAvoy Brewing Co
Norton & Worthington Noyes L W
Obermann J Brewing Co Offield & Furber
Ogden Sheldon & Co
Onahan W J
Oreman L E & Co
Greenlee Bros & Co Grey Clark & Engle Griesheimer M
Griffin Wheel F'ndry Co Jones J M W
Griswold Palmer & Co Grommes & Ullrich Gros S E
Grossman H Guhansen Jno Gunther C F
Guthman Carpenter & Kean S A & Co
Telling
Keeley Brewing Co
Gutta Percha & Rubber Keeney & Kimball Mfg Co Kehoe & Co
Hafner Schoen Furn Co Keith Edson & Co
Hale Elevator Co Hallissy I P Hannah Lay & Co
Hamilton Merryman Co Kent S A
Kerfoot W D & Co Kern Chas
Kerting Lithograph Co Ketcham J P & Bro Kimball C P & Co
Marse E D) Martin Wm
Maxwell S A & Co Mayer Engle & Co Mayer Straus & Co Mayo Graf & Co
Mead & Coe
Merchants' Loan & Trust Co
Merchants' Natl Bank Meridan Brittania Co Merigoid W A & Co
Merriam Collins & Co Merz Gottlieb Met Natl Bank Michigan Stove Co Milier Bros
Knight & Leonard Co Knight & Marshall Knights G H & Co Kohlsaat Ernest W Kohlsaat H H Kohn Bros
Krause J M Kresl Chas Kuh Nathan & Fischer
Kuppenheimer B & Co Lamie John Monheimer & Co
Lane Bridge & Iron Wks Moore Will H
Franks Ticket Agency Fraser & Chalmers
. Henry Geo W
Herr Hiero B
Morris Henry Morris John Co The
Freie Presse
Hide & Leather Natl Bk Lawrence E F Higgins & Furber Leiter L Z
Morse F E & Son Morse Mitchell & Williams
Fullerton C W
Hoerber J L Brg Co
Hogan M A
Moulton J T & Son
Gage Bros & Co Gage L. J
Holly Mfg Co
Houker H M & Co
Levy BS Leyen berger Chas
Libby McNeil & Libby
National Bank of Amer
Hutchinson C L
Lloyd Evan
Lobdell E L & Co
Goldie Wm & Sons
Hyman R W jr & Co
Isham Lincoln & Beale
McCormick Cyrus H McCormick W G
Greenfelder Florsheim Jamieson & Co & Co
Jeffens W Q Jevne C & Co Johnson A J
Johnson Chair Co
McKenzle Geo N Mclaughlin W F & Co
McLennan J A
McNeil & Higgins Co
McVoy Jno & Co
Maas Baer & Co
Payne Leroy & Co
Pea body Houghteling & Co Peabody & Co Peacock C D
Peale R S Pearce J Irving
Peck P F W Estate of
Hammond Geo H Hanford P C Hannah & Hogg Harding Geo F Hargis & Co Harkin I M Harlan A W Harper W H Harrington & King Harris N W & Co Harris & Co
Harrison Carter H Hart Bros Hart J
Hart Schaffner & Marx Knickerbocker Ice Co Harvey Squire T & Son Knickerbocker J J Harvey T W HasterIlk Bros Hately Jno C Hayes P D & D Haynes N B Headen & McHealy Heath & Milligan MfgCo Kranz John
Hedenberg Jno W Heegaard Wm H & Co Meisen C C
Keith Bros & Co
Kellogg Chas P & Co Kennedy F A & Co
Marder Luce & Co Marinet & Henrichs Markley Alling & Co Marks C W
Kim ball Geo {' Kim ball W W & Co Kimbark S D King Bros King Henry W & Co Kiny & Andrews Co Kinsley H M Kirchoff & Niobarth Kirk Jas S & Co
Juergens & Anderson Junk Magdalena Mrs Kaestner Chas & Co Kahn Bros
Illinois Trust & Savings Lyon & Healy
McGill Jno A
Moller & Kohl
Heissler & Junge Henderson C M & Co Henneck C & Co
Morgenthau Bauland Co
Morrisson Plummer & Co
432
World's Columbian Exposition.
Rawhide Mfx Co Raymond C L Raymond Lead Co Ream W B Reid Murdoch & Co Rend W P Revell Alex H Rew Henry C Reynolds Wm C Rice James H & Co Rinn Philip & Co Rissar A F & Co Riter & Conley Roddin E V & Co Rogers H W & Bro
Rothschild E & Bro Rothschild Schroeder Rowe Bros
Rubel & Penglase Ruehl Brewing Co Ruhstrat Gail & Co Rumsey J P
Ruprecht Jno & Co Rust HA
Ryerson Martin A
Salisbury W H & Co
Sawyer Goodman & Co Scammon J Young Mrs Schaaf Adam
Schlesinger & Mayer
Schlessinger Chas&Sons Storey & Clark Organ Co Turner & Bond
Schlitz Jos Brg Co Schmidt K G Schnadig Bros & Co Schneider E & Co
Schoellkopf Henry Schoenhofen P Brg Co Schroeder Louis Schweyer John & Co Seaverns Geo A Seeberger A F Seigel F & Bro Seipp Brewing Co Selz Schwab & Co Shailer & Schniglan
Shay T J & Co Shayne J T Sheldon G W & Co
Sherman Marr & Higgins Shire A
Shoe & Leather Review Shourds Storey & Kaspar Sidway L B Siegel Cooper & Co Silurian Mineral SpgsCo Silverman Lazarus Silverman & Opper Simon L & Co
Simons S
Singer & Talcott Stone Co. The
Sioux Falls Granite Co Skinkle J W Slack Chas H Slater Hillman & Co
Smith Adam Co Smith Byron L Smith Edward G Smith Geo F
Smith Jas P & Co Smith R P & Sons Smith T B Smith Wm Sooy
Smyth John M Snow & Dickinson Sohie Lumber Co
South Branch Lmbr Co
Strobel C L
South Halsted Iron Wks Studebaker Bros Mfg Co United States Brg Co Spalding & Co Sullivan M J U S Exp Co U S Natl Bank Upman Frank Van Inwagen J Spaulding A G & Bro Spaulding Lumber Co Spaulding & Merrick Speigel & Co
Sperry Electric Co
Spitz Landauer & Co Spotfard Geo W Sprague Smith & Co Sprague Warner & Co
Roper & Baxter Cigar Co Sproehnle & Co
Spry John Lumber Co Stanley H P & Co
Stanley P E & Co
Stanton & Co
Staver H C Mfg Co
Stein Bros
Stein Manheimer & Co Steinmetz & Eilenberger Title Gar & Guar Co
Steinway Wm
Stenson Jas & Co
Tosetti Ernst Brg Co
Towle Mfg Co
Trainor Jno W
Trainor J W
Treat C P
Tree Lambert
Tribune Co
Troy Laundry Mach Co Weir & Craig Mfg Co The Weiss Geo A Wells M D & Co Turkington Wm
Wells & Nellegar Co
Weniberg E & Co
West Chicago St Ry Co
Western Electric Co
Western Paving and Supply Co
Western Bank Note and Engraving Co Western Wheel Wks
Wheeler S H
White Dental Mfg Co The S S Whittle E O Wight Fire Proofing Co
Wilbeck H Co
Wilde Jas Jr & Co
Will & Roberts
Williams Geo H & Co
Willing Hy J
Willoughby Hill & Co
Willoughby & Robie
Wilson Bros
Wilson Wm J
Wineman M Winslow Bros Co
Winston F H
Wisley Allen B
Wittmeyer Bros
Wolf I
Wolf & Periolat Fur Co
Wolff L Mfg Co
Woodcock & Loring Work Bros & Co
Wright Haughey
Wyckoff Seamans & Benedict Yondorf Bros Young Otto Mrs Young Otto & Co
Young & Farrell Dia- mond Stone Sawing Co The Yourt Jno H
ARMS OF COLUMBUS
Strauss Ulleman & Guthman Streeter Bros
Sutter Bros Sweet Dempster & Co Swift & Co Tansell R W Taylor Geo H & Co
Tebbetts & Garland
Tennis O B & Co Wacker & Birk Brg Co
Thatcher A T
Thomas & Hayden
Thomas & Hess Thome M
Thompson Wm
Walker Jas H & Co
Thomson - Houston El- Walker Oakley & Co ectric Co
Waller Edw C Wanamaker & Brown Ward M & Co Warren W H
Washington Ice Co
Tobey Furniture Co Washington Park Club
Watkins & Fuller Lum- ber Co
Weaver Henry
Webbs Ticket Agency
Webster & Comstock Mfg Co Weighley Bulkley & Fray
Schaffner Herman & Co Stockton Jos & Co Schimpferman WH & Co Stone Cutters Ass Jour- Tuohy J W & Co
neymen
Storm & Hill
Tyler & Hippach
Umbdenstock M & Co
Underwood & Co
Union Bag & Paper Co
Strauss Goodman Yon- Union Ice Co dortf & Co
Union Natl Bank
Union Restaurant Union Stock Yards & Transit Co Union Trust Co
Van Schaack Peter& Son
Vierling F C
Vierling Robt & L
Wakefield Rattan Co
Walker E Walker Geo C
Walker Hy H
Roth McMahon & Co Rothschild Bros
Stern Hy Steuben Co Wine Co Stevenson Robt & Co Stinckon & Kadish
Stinson James
St. John Marsh Co
Straiton & Storm
Stratton & Storm
Straus Bros
Thomson & Taylor Spice Co Thorwalt & Roehling
INDEX OF ILLUSTRATIONS
TO
WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION.
PAGE.
GUNTHER'S COLUMBUS
434
LYMAN J. GAGE
435
HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM
436
HEMPSTEAD WASHBURNE
437
CARTER H. HARRISON, SR.
438
MRS. POTTER PALMER
439
THOMAS B. BRYAN
440
ADMINISTRATION BUILDING
441
MACHINERY HALL
442
AGRICULTURAL BUILDING
443
HORTICULTURAL BUILDING
444
TRANSPORTATION BUILDING .
445
MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING
446
ART PALACE
447
WOMAN'S BUILDING
448
434
World's Columbian Exposition.
Ch Colombie
GUNTHER'S COLUMBUS.
435
World's Columbian Exposition.
LYMAN J. GAGE.
436
World's Columbian Exposition.
HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM.
437
World's Columbian Exposition.
HEMPSTEAD WASHBURNE.
438
World's Columbian Exposition.
CARTER H. HARRISON, SR.
439
World's Columbian Exposition.
MRS. POTTER PALMER.
440
World's Columbian Exposition.
THOMAS B. BRYAN.
CE CASH
Administration
Copyrightto 1992. A. ZES= " Co Chingo
ふか
-
hiiam
Agricultural Building
٠١١٤١٣١
4
?
-
-
transportation building-
Copy
Manufactures and Liberal Arts
Art. Palace
Ttomaria Building-
7
Charles Carroll Bonney
THE WORLD'S CONGRESSES
OF THE
WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION.
The World's Congresses of 1893 were first publicly proposed September 20, 1889; the first session was opened May 15, 1893, and the last was held October 28 of that year.
The beginning of the organization was the forma- tion of an executive committee of ten, which held its first meeting October 15, 1889. As the plans developed, the need of a larger organization was seen, and Octo- ber 30, 1890, "the World's Congress Auxiliary of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893" was organized to arrange and conduct the proposed series of interna- tional congresses.
October 21, 1892, the inaugural ceremonies of the World's Congresses were held in connection with the dedication of the buildings erected for the Material Ex- position, which was held at Jackson park, at the south end of the city of Chicago.
Prominent among the possibilities that grew out of the World's Columbian Exposition was the World's Con- gress of Religions. It could not have sprung into being at any other gathering of large bodies of people that had ever assembled before, at any other time or place, because the materials necessary to compose it would have been wanting. Hitherto the world had not been ready for it. Rivalry and antagonism had ever been omnipresent among all religious teachings, and such teachings had been, and still are, the accepted founda-
(449)
450
The World's Congresses.
tion of jurisprudence, which, in turn, had been and still is the principal foundation of constitutional as well as despotic governments. The inspiration that gave thought and form to this congress had the same source that distinguished the World's Columbian Exposition from all others that had preceded it. The parliaments of religions were the chief of these characteristics.
Charles Carroll Bonney, under these auspicious in- fluences, was the first to formulate plans wherewith to utilize the material at hand for a series of international congresses. The thought of the world's congresses of 1893 originated with him. He first voiced his ideas of such a gathering in the Statesman's Magazine for October, 1889, in the following words:
"The crowning glory of the World's Fair of 1893 should not be the exhibit there to be made of the ma- terial triumphs, industrial achievements and mechani- cal victories of man, however magnificent such displays may be. Something higher and nobler is demanded by the progressive spirit of the present age. In con- nection with that important event of the world all government, jurisprudence, finance, science, literature, education and religion should be represented in a con- gress of statesmen, jurists, financiers, scientists, litter- ati, teachers and theologians, greater in numbers, and more widely representative of all peoples and nations and tongues than any assemblage which has ever yet been convened."
Under the authority of the directory of the Colum- bian Exposition, the first Religious Congress of the World that consistently represented all shades of belief was organized October 30, 1890, and received the endorsement of the United States government. Charles Carroll Bonney was made president, Thomas B. Bryan, vice-president, and Lyman J. Gage, treasurer.
The congresses were held in what was called the Permanent Memorial Art Palace, erected through the co-operation of the city of Chicago, the directory.
451
The World's Congresses.
of the Exposition, and the management of the Art Institute of Chicago. The city contributed the site, consisting of a portion of the Lake Front park, on the shore of Lake Michigan, near the heart of the city, and about six miles north of Jackson park ; the Exposition directory furnished $200,000, and the Art Institute $400,000 for the building erected. It contains thirty- three halls, besides committee rooms and storage rooms, and there were also built, between the wings, two temporary auditoriums, calculated to seat 3,000 persons each. There were occasions when it was estimated that 4,000 persons were crowded into each of these auditoriums, the northerly of which was called the Hall of Columbus, the other the Hall of Washing- ton. Of the smaller halls in the permanent building, twenty were used for meetings, and the remainder for the other purposes of the congresses. These halls were seated to accommodate from 100 to 600 persons each.
There were times when the whole building was crowded, and it was claimed that 12,000 persons were in simultaneous attendance on the sessions of the various congresses.
In order to classify, and conduct the proposed series of international congresses, 2,170 persons were divided into 214 organized local committees. Mixed committees of men and women were not appointed; but in all cases suitable for the participation of women, a committee of women was appointed to act in co-opera- tion with the committee of men. These committees of women constituted what was called the woman's branch of the World's Congress Auxiliary. The gen- eral officers of the Auxiliary were a president, a vice- president, secretary and treasurer; and the woman's branch had also its own president and vice-president.
To these local committees of organization were adjoined what were called advisory councils, which consisted of eminent persons selected from the various participating countries, to advise and assist the commit-
452
The World's Congresses.
tees of organization in selecting writers and speakers for the different congresses, and in perfecting the plans for them. The aggregate membership of these advisory councils was 14,528. The chairman of each committee on organization was the director of the congress com- mitted to its charge, and Mr. Bonney, the president of the Auxiliary, was the general director of the whole series of the congresses.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.