USA > Illinois > Ford County > Historical Atlas of Ford County Illinois > Part 39
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Rom, Timothy, Sheriff, Paxton, 1866.
Rowcliff, Jobn, Farmer, S. 28, T. Peach Orchard, P. O. Melvin, 1868. Russell, John, Farmer, 8, 26, T. Lyman, P. O. Roberts, 1864. Ryan, Rev. Michael, Pastor St. Peter's Church, Piper City, 1900.
Sandy, John F., Grocer, Paxton, 1887. Saxton, J. L., Dry Goods, Carpets and Shoes, Gibson City, 1875. Scarbrough, W. H., City Marshall, Paxton, 1890.
Hchneider & Schneider (C. 8. Schneider and R. L. Schneider), Lawyers, Pax- ton, 1~98.
Shambrook, John, Farmer, 8. 6, T. Lyman, P. O. Roberts, 1869. Shambrook, F. T., Farmer, 8. 6, T. Lyman, P. O, Roberts, 1869. Shambrook, James R., Farmer, S. 6, T. Lyman, P. O. Roberts, 1869. Shearer, Lewis, Farmer, S. 30, T. Moua. P. O. Cullom, 1880. Sheldon, A. E., Postmaster, Paxton, 1873. Shiltz, John, Retired Farmer, S. 1, T. Peach Orchard, P. O. Melvin, 1868. Shirley. O. A., Farmer, S. 36, T. Drummer, P. O. Gibson City, 1869. Short, John, Retired Farmer, S. 31, T. Wall, P. O. Melvin, 1884. Simma, W. H., Land Owner and Business Agent, Gibson City, 1871. Skinner, H. J., Livery, Breeding and Sale Barn, Sibley, 1886. Skog, John, Farmer, S. 18, T. Button, P. O. Perdue, 1870. Smith, John P., Banker, Roberts, 1859.
Snelling, J. H., Farmer and Breeder of Short Horn Cattle, 8. 11, T. Wall, P.O. Loda, 1878.
Snyder, M. T., Farmer and Stockraiser, S. 22, T. Wall, P. O. Loda. Sowers, T. J., County Treasurer, Paxton, 1869. Speedie, David, Farmer, 8. 17, T. Dix, P. O. Gibson City, 1866. Stadler, Sumel N., Farmer, S. 30, T. Brenton, P. O. Piper City, 1877. Stadler, Frank, Farmer, 8. 30, T. Brenton, P. O. Piper City, 1870. Stevens, Albert, Farmer, S. 11, T. Peach Orchard, P. O. Melvin, 1874. Steinman, H. G., Banker, Cullom.
Stevens, N. E. & Son, Publishers " Daily Record," Paxton. St. John, Fred, Farmer, S. 6, Sullivant, P. O. Sibley, 1881. Strong & Bogardus, Real Estate and Insurance, Parton. Stuart, Andrew, Postmaster, Kempton, 1866. Sutton, James R., Farmer, S. 3, T. Mons, P. O. Kempton, 1871. Swanson, C. H., Manager Paxton Branch Port Huron Engine and Traction Co., Paxton, 1869.
Swanson, John G., Coal and Feed, Paxton, 1870. Swataley, G. C., Farmer, 8. 25, T. Drummer, P. O. Garber, 1891.
Tackwell, B. B., Farmer and Stockraiser, S. 28, T. Pation, P. O. Paxton, 1897 Taylor, Thomas, Farmer, S. 23, T. Pella, P. O. Piper City, 1889. Taylor, John, Retired Farmer, Paxton, 1875. Thackray, Geo. W., Farmer, S. 12, T. Peach Orchard, P. O. Melvin, 186". Thackray, J. E., Farmer, S. : 4, T. Peach Orchard, P. O. Melvin, 18/3. Thomas, C. M., Paxton; Thompson, T. D., Circuit Clerk, Paxton, 1869. Thompson, W. K., Agricultural Implements and Lumber, Melvin, 1872. Trigger, Richard, Farmer, S 11, T. Wall, F. O. Loda, 1869. Tweete, R. E., Farmer, 8. 33, T. Patton, P. O. Paxton, 1872. Twiehaus, Mrs. Wilhelmina, Farmer, 8. 8, T. Pella, P. O. Cullom, 1889. Umbarger, Josiah, Retired Farmer, S. 1, T. Peach Orchard, P.O. Melvin, 1867. Vogelbacher. Aug., Farmer, S. 2, T. Brenton, P. O. Piper City, 1884.
Waldron, Emma N., Paxton, 1900. Wagoner, William S., Farmer, 8. 34, T. Dix, P. O. Elliott, 1872. Warner, Wm. J., Farmer, 8. 20, T. Lyman, P. O. Roberts, 1898.1 Way. V. G., Parmer and Road Commissioner, 8. 27, T. Drummer, P. O. Gibson City, 1881.
Wenkman, John, Farmer and Stockraiser, S. 15, T. Pella, P. O. Piper City, 1865. Weber, Baltz, Farmer and Stockraiser, 8. 14, T. Brenton, P. O. Piper City, 1877.
Weder mann, E. Henry, Farmer, S. 29, T. Drummer, P. O. Gibeon ' City, 1874. West, Miss Bertha M., Osteopathist, Gibson City, 1900. Westbrook, W. H., Grain and Coal, Paxton, 1871. Wesslund, Chas., Farmer, 8. 21, T Patton, P. O. Perdue, 1869. Wilkison, E. D., Photographer, Gibson City, 18º5. Wilson, John J., Farmer; S. 24, T. Peach Orchard, P. O. Melvis. 1869. Wood, C. L., Farmer and Stockraiser, 8. 15, T. Rogers, P.O. Cabery, 1878. Wood, Sarah L., Retired, 8. 9, T. Dix, P. O. Elliott, 1868. Woolsoncroft, J. E., Farmer, S. 18, T. Lyman, P. O. Roberts, 1871. Worthington, Ellis, Livery, Melvin, 1880.
Wylie, S. M., Physician and Surgeon, Paxton, 1868. Wylle, O. H., Attorney at Law, Paxton, 1867.
Zimmerman, Mrs. Fannie, Farmer, 8. 19, T. Drummer, P. O. Gibson City, 1870.
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PAGE 67. Portrait Department
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OSCAR H. WYLIE.
HENRY ATWOOD
J. H JORDAN.
HARRY H. KERR
SAMUEL P. KELLEY.
CHRISTIAN KRONE
o
COLONEL CHARLES BOGARDUS.
H. A. CRANDALL
JOHN C. MEYER.
JOHN IEHL.
J. W. F. DEMOURE.
CHRISTIAN KRATZ.
D. P. MOCRACKEN.
EUGENE D. MARBLE.
JOHN ZIMMERMAN.
J. L. SAXTON.
WILLIAM TWIEHAUS.
G. C. SWATSLEY.
JOHN RICHARDSON.
J. E. HAGIN.
MONT DILLON.
N. E. STEVENS.
SILAS D HEAVENER
HARRY R. MILLFORD.
CHRIS. GEEGAN.
DR. FRANK HUNT.
ALBERT GILMORE
O. O. HOPKINS.
MRS SILAS D. HEAVENER.
RICHARD DUNN.
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Portrait
PAGE 69. Department
J. C. DUNHAM.
WILLIAM O. FORTIEK.
MR AND MRS JAMES R SUTTON.
MIL AND MRS. FREEMAN LEWIS
HON. JOHN A MONTELIUS.
R. L. SCHNEIDER
FRANK LINDLEY.
DAVID SPERDIE
MR. AND MRS. AMOS C. HEAVISIDES.
ZIDEN E. NUTT AND WIFE.
J. A. MONTELIUS. JM.
C 8. SCHNEIDER.
F. E. FLAGG.
THOMAS TAYLOR.
MR AND MRS. LEWIS SHEARER
MR. AND MRS. BENJAMIN TACK WELL
JOSEPH K. MONTELIUS
ALBERT T. CARLSON.
REV. R. P. OLSSON.
N. M. KEMP,
DR. AND MRS. C. W. KNAPP.
MR. AND MRS. JOHN SHORT.
GEORGE D. MONTELIUS.
J. B. CARSON.
FRANK DRENDEL.L.
J. E. BROWN.
MR. AND MRS. HENRY ARENDS.
MR AND MRS. H. H. BEVINGTON
LESLIE A. CRANSTON.
A. L. PHILLIPS.
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PAGE 71 Portrait Department
S. A. D. AYRESMAN.
L. M. POWELL.
W C. REEVES
CHARLES A. COOK.
L. L HALL.
JOHN COLTKAUI.
W. H. AYRESMAN
J. H. JEFFERY.
HERTHA M. WEST, M. C.
E. D. COOK
HENRY WEDERMANN.
E. D. WILKISON.
W
M. T. SNYDER AND FAMILY.
MR. AND MRS. SAMUEL PARSON
W. B. WAGONER AND WIFE
MR. AND MRS. W. H. H. ELLIOTT.
H. M. DALLY.
W. A. CAMERON.
WILLIAM MCCORMICK.
JUDGE H. P. BEACH.
P. J. PETERS.
O. A. SHIRLEY.
CHARLES K GILPIN.
JAMES CLAYTON.
JOHN R LEWIS
CLIF E. BEACH
MRS P. J. PETERS.
D. B. KEIGHIN.
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PAGE 78
Portrait Department
WILLIAM GOODMAN.
THOMAS REED.
BALTZ WEBER
H. R. CARPENTER
JOHN MCKINNEY.
MR. AND MRS. THEO ARENDS.
MR AND MRS. ALBERT KEITH.
MR. ANH MRS. KAUFMAN AND SON.
MR. AND W. C. MOTTIER,
W. F. MUTTIER
MRS. W. F. MOTTIER.
MR. AND MRS. BENJAMIN FERRIS. A. L. FERRIS AND ELLA F. ALYEA.
J. C. HENDERSON.
MRS. CLARA SKOG.
MR. JOHN SKOG.
G. W. MCCABE.
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B. ANDERSON.
ANDREW ANDERSON.
J. C. ANDERSON.
MRS. S. ANDERSON
MRS. JANE PATTON
A. J. HANSON AND FAMILY.
A. W. BARROW AND FAMILY.
MR AND MRS. FRANK STADLER.
SAMUEL N. STADLER AND FAMILY.
ALBERT W. BENTLEY AND FAMILY.
MR. AND MRS. JOHN TAYLOR
MR AND MRS. J. P. GLASS.
WILLIAM DENEWITZ AND FAMILY.
MRS. MARY 8. GIBSON.
H. M. MINER.
C. E. BUTE.
RON. JOHN H. MOFFETT.
LORENZO ROCKWELL.
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SUPPLEMENT L.
UNITED STATES LAND URVEYS.
ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM OF
NITED STATES " AND SURVEYS
COPYRIGHT, 1890.
METES AND BOUNDS.
P to the time of the Revolutionary War, or until about the beginning of the present century, land, when parcelled out, and sold or granted, was described by "' Metes and Boonds," and that system is still in existence in the following States, or in those portions of them which had been sold or granted when the present plan of surveys was adopted, viz .: New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Texas, and the six New England States. "To describe land by "Metes and Bounds." is to have a known land-mark for a place of beginning, and then follow a line according to the compass-needle (or magnetic bearing), or the course of a stream, or track of an ancient high- way. This plan has resulted in endless confusion and litigation, as land-marks decay and change, and it is a well-known.fact that the compass-needle varies and does not always point due North.
As an example of this plan of dividing lands, the following description of a farm laid out by "Metes and Bounds," is given: "Beginning at a stone on the Bank of Doe River, at a point where the highway from A. to B. crosses said river (see point marked O. on Diagram 1); thence 40°. North of West 100 rods to a large stump; thence 10º North of West 90 rods; thence 15° West of North 80 rods to an oak tree (see Witness 'I'ree on Diagram 1); thence due East 150 rods to the highway; thence following the course of the highway 50 rods due North; thence 5º North of Esst 90 rods; thence 45° East of South 60 rods; thence 10º North of East 300 rods to the Doe River; thence following the course of the river Southwesterly to the place of beginning." This, which is a very simple and moderare description by "Metes and Bounds," would leave the boundaries of the farm as shown in Diagram 1.
DIAGRAM L.
291H2KWOT
1º N & B. ye Rods.
East 150 R.
Witness Tree
EXPLANATION.
-----
MERIDIANS AND BASE LINES. DIAGRAM 2.
115°
110
108
100
R
I
R
O
MAIN
M
I
N
I
BAD INITIAL
TERRITORY
M
A
WINNIPEG
O
N
A
T
THE
1
M
187
12TH
LETH
15
11THVIRCORR, LINE
UTM
DULUTH
BISMARCK &T
STH
WITH
45
TONE
YELLOWSTON
LAKE
ST.PAUL
IST. O. P. N. LINE
JAD
PAR
W
1AT STAN.
STAR.
PAR
PASE
LINE
PPI
HA
MADISON
DUBUQUEC
LINE
W
A
TOLEDO
157
4 CORR
KIA
DES MOINES
DADE
SOMAHA
COLN
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M
Z
PRING
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ST.Louis H
FRANKFOR
BARE
LOUISVILLE
STAN
19
T
N
SOUTH
LINE
STAN.
WORTH
STAN
35º
INDI
TENNESSEE
3
BABE
.
M
E
X
I
CZ
BASE
LINE
SOUTH
ant
15
Red
GE
CORRECTION
DALLAS @
O EL PASO
PASO DEL NORTE
T
E
A
S
BASE
F
0
RATEN
x
AUSTIN
HERMOSILLO
ORLEANS
del
River
PO GALVESTON
Scale of Miles.
100
105'
100
90
T THE present system of Governmental Land Surveys was adopted by Con- gress on the 7th of May, 1785. It has been in use ever since and is the legal method of describing and dividing lands. It is called the "Rectangular System," that is, all its distances and bearings are measured from two lines which are at right angles to each other, viz. : +. These two lines, from which the measurements are made, are the Principal Meridians, which run North and South, and the Base Lines, which run East and West. These Principal Meridians ate es- tablished, with great aocu- racy, by astronomical obser- vations. Each Principal Meridian has its Base Line, and these two lines form the basis or foundation for the surveys or measurement of all the lands within the ter- ritory which they control.
Diagram 2 shows all of the Principal Meridians and Base Lines in the central portion of the United States, and from it the territory gov- erned by each Meridian and Base Line may be readily distinguished. Each Merid- ian and Base Line is marked with its proper number or name, as are also the Stand- ard Parallels and guide (or auxiliary) Meridians.
Diagram 3 illustrates what is meant when this method is termed the "Rectangular System," and how the meas- urements are based on lines which run at right angles to each other. The heavy line running North and South (marked A. A.) represents the Principal Meridian, in this case say the 5th Principal Meridian. The heavy line running East and West (marked B. B.) is the Base Line. These lines are used as the starting points or basis of all measurements or sur- veys made in territory con- trolled by the 5th Principal Meridian. The same fact applies to all other Principal Meridians and their Base Lines. Commencing at the Principal Meridian, at inter- vals of six miles, lines are run North and South, parallel to the Meridian. This plan is followed both East and West of the Meridian throughout the territory controlled by the Meridian.
ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR 1895, BY GEN A. OGLE & CO., IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS AT WASHINGTON, D. C.
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O CHIRUAHUA
A
No
IST PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN
LAKE
WINNIPEG
B
T
LAKE NIPICOS
N
A
I
0
N
Red
ITTER D
RIVER
P
AKR
LOCKT
LA
DAK
BOISE C
PRIN
DIH
HURON
D
SOUTH
I
DORK
OMILWAUKE-
DETROIT
LINE
BASE
TB RAS
NA
COL
IND
H
LINE
CINCINNA
1
River
River
N
A
E
CITY
LINE
JEFFERSON CITY
o
K
U
Cumberland
&WASHVILLE
APREMIVIT
TERRITOR
River
COMR.
NORTH
BT STAR, PAR. NORTH
LITTLE ROCK
MERIDIAN
BASE
O
NSAS
MONTGOMERY
Chattahoochee
Sabine
CH
MOBILE
River
Colorado
IHU.
4TH INITIAL MEA.
MERIDIAN
REGINA
MERIDIAN
Longitude West from Greenwich.
NORTH
WEST
END INITIAL
SUPERIO
N
5TH
WISCONSIN
CORR
END
CHICAGO
N
CHARL
TOPEK
KANSAS
ERADE
MUNCIPAL MER. STHACAINCIPAL
MEMPHIS
RIZO
CARE
ATT
SANTA FE
N
Grande
EMENT HI.
UNITED STATES LAND SURVEYS.
These lines are termed "Range Lines." They divide the land into strips or divisions six miles wide, extending North and South, parallel with the Meridian. Each division is called a Range. Ranges are numbered from one upward, comm cing at the Meridian ; and their numbers are indicated by Roman characters. For instance, the first division (or first six miles) west of the Meridian is Range I. West; the next is Range II. West; then comes Rauge III., IV., V., VI., VII., and s > on, until the territory governed by another Principal Meridian is reached. In the same manner the Ranges East of the Meridian are numbered, the words East or West being always used to indicate the direction from the Principal Meridian. See Diagram 3.
Commencing at the Base Line, at intervals of six miles, lines are run East and West parallel with the Base Ine. These are designated as Township Lines. They divide the land into strips or divisions six miles wide, extending East and West, parallel with the Base Line. This plan is followed both North and South of the Base Line until the territory governed by another Principal Meridian and Base Line is reached. These divisions or Townships are numbered from one upward, both North and South of the Base Line, and their numbers are indicated by figures. For instance : The first six mile division North of the Base Line is Township 1 North ; the next is Township 2 North ; then comes Township 3, 4, 5, and 6, North, and so on. The same plan is followed South of the Base Line; the Townships being designated as Township 1 South, Township 2 South, and so on. The " North " or "South" (the initials N. or S. being generally used) indicates the direction from the Base Line. See Diagram 3.
These Township and Range Lines, crossing each other, as shown in Diagram 3, form squares, which are called "Townships" or "Government Townships," which are six miles square, or as nearly that as it is possible to make them. These Townships are a very important feature in locating or describing a piece of land. The location of a Government Township, however, is very readily found when the number of the Township and Range is given, by merely counting the number indicated from the Base Line and Principal Meridian. As an example of this, Township 8 North, Range 4, West of the 5th Principal Meridian, is at once located on the square marked + on Diagram 3, by counting eight tiers north of the Base Line and 4 tiers west of the Meridian.
TOWNSHIPS OF LAND.
`T TOWNSHIPS are the largest sub- divisions of land run out by the United States Surveyors. In the Governmental Surveys Township Lines are the first to be run, and a Township Corner is established every six miles and marked. This is called "Townshipping." After the Township Corners have been care- fully located, the Section and Quarter Section Corners are established. Each Township is six miles square and contains 23,040 acres, or 36 square miles, as near as it is possible to make them. This, however, is fre- quently made impossible by: (1st) the pres- ence of lakes and large streams; (2nd) by State boundaries not falling exactly on Township Lines; (3rd) by the convergence of Meridians or curvature of the earth's surface ; and (4th) by inaccurate surveys.
Each Township, unless it is one of the exceptional cases referred to, is divided into 36 squares, which are called Sections. These Sections are intended to be one mile, or. 320 rods, square and contain 640 acres of land. Sections are numbered consecutively from 1 to 36, as shown on Diagram 4. Beginning with Section 1 in the Northeast Corner, they run West to 6, then East to 12, then West to 18, and so on, back and forth, until they end with Section 36 in the Southeast Corner.
Diagram 4 shows a plat of a Township as it is divided and platted by the govern- ment surveyors. These Townships are called Government Townships or Congres- sional Townships, to distinguish them from Civil Townships or organized Townships, as frequently the lines of organized Town- ships do not conform to the Government Township lines.
SECTIONS OF LAND.
D IAGRAM 5 illustrates how a section may be subdivided, although the 139.6 R. Diagram only gives a few of the many subdivisions into which a (43 R. section may be divided. All Sections (except fractional Sections) are supposed to be 320 rods, or one mile, square and therefore contain 640 acres-a number easily divisible. Sections are subdivided into fractional parts to suit the convenience of the owners of the land. A half-section contains 320 acres; a quarter-section contains 160 acres; half of a quarter contains 80 acres, and quarter of a quarter contains 40 acres, and so on. Each piece of land is described according to the portion of the section which it embraces-as the Northeast quarter of Section 10; or the Southeast quarter of the Southeast quarter of Section 10. Diagram 5 shows how many of these subdivisions are platted, and also shows the plan of designating and describing them by initial letters as each parcel of land on the Diagram is marked with its description.
As has already been stated, all Sections (except Fractional Sections which are explained else- where) are supposed to contain 640 acres, and even though mistakes have been made in surveying, as is frequently the case, making sections larger or smaller than 640 acres, the Government recog- nizes no variation, but sells or grants each regular section as containing 640 acres "more or less."
The Government Surveyors are not required to subdivide sections by running lines within them, but they usually establish Quarter Posts on Section Lines on each side of a section at the points marked A. B. C. and D. on Diagram 5.
DIAGRAM 5.
W. 1/2 320 ACRES.
10
C
Quarter Post
N. 1/2 of S. E. 1/4
80 A.
N. 5% of S. W. 54
of S.E.
S. E.14
(20 A.)
of S. E.
S. M uf S.W. M
(20 A.)
40 A.
SUBDIVIDING A SECTION.
After establishing Township corners, Section Lines are the next to be run, and section cor- ners are established. When these are carefully located the Quarter Posts are located at points 88 nearly equidistant between Section Corners as possible. These corners when established by Government Surveyors cannot be changed, even though it is conclusively shown that mistakes have been made which cause some sections or quarter sections to be either larger or smaller than others. The laws, however, of all the States provide certain rules for local surveyors to follow in dividing Sections into smaller parcels of land than has been outlined in the Governmental surveys. For instance, in divid- ing a quarter section into two parcels, the dis- ance between the Government Corners is care- fully measured and the new post is located at a point equidistant between them. This plan is followed in running out "eighties," "forties," "twenties," etc. In this way, if the Govern- ment division overruns or falls short, each portion gains or loses its proportion. This is not the case, however, with Fractional Sections along the North or West sides of a Township, or adjoining a lake or large stream.
DIAGRAM 4.
8 8
3 R.
R.
R.
DO R.
DO R.
DO R.
R.
88 R.
88 R.
84 R.
64 R.
R.
77 R.
6
4
3
2
78 R.
MARSH
80 R
82 R
85 R.
8
87 R.
DO R.
94 R.
17
16
15
14
18
103.2 R.
106.8 R.|
19
20
21
2:
23
113.4 R.
115.8 R.
119.2 R.
122.6 R.
30
20
28
27
26
25
120 R.
129.4 R.
MA
132.8 R.
136.2 R. 131
32
33
34
35
36
DIAGRAM &
BLASONS WEST OF STE P M. & BADGES HAST OF ETE P.M.
*
STH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN
TOWNSHIPS NORTH
BACK LINE
BASE LINE
COWEREIPS COUTE
RIVER
10
12
FRACTIONAL PIECES OF LAND.
ONGRESSIONAL Townships vary considerably as to size and boundaries. Mistakes made in surveying and the fact that Meridians converge as they run North cause every Township to vary more or less from the 23,040 acres which a perfect Township would contain. See Diagram 4. In arranging a Township into Sections all the surplus or deficiency of land is given to, or taken from, the North and West tiers of Sections. In other words, all Sections in the Township are made full- 640 acres-except those on the North and West, which are given all the land that is left after forming the other 25 Sections.
Diagram 4 illustrates how the surplus or deficiency is distributed and the Sections it affects. It will be seen that Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 18, 19, 30 and 31, are the "Fractional Sections," or the Sections which are affected if the Township overruns or falls short. Inside of these Fractional Sections, all of the surplus or deficiency of land (over or under 640 acres) is carried to the "forties" or "eighties" that touch the Township Line. These pieces of land are called "Fractional Forties" or "Fractional Eighties," as the case may be. Diagrams 4 and 6 show the manner of marking the acreage and outlining the boundaries of these " Fractions."
Diagram 6 illustrates how the surplus or deficiency of land inside of these Sections is distributed and which "forties" or "eighties" it affects. From this arrangement it will be seen that in any Section that touches the North or West Township Lines, the Southeast Quarter may be full-160 acres-while another quarter of the same Section may be much larger or smaller. Frequently these fractional "forties" or "eighties" are Jotted as shown in Diagram 6. They are always described as fractional tracts of land, as the " fractional S. W. ¿ of Section 6," etc. Of course those portions of these Sections which are not affected by these variations are described in the usual manner-as Southeast # of Section 6. As a rule Townships are narrower at the North than at the South side. The Meridians of Longitude (which run North and South) converge as they run North and South from the Equator. They begin at the Equator with a definite width between them and gradually converge until they all meet at the poles. Now, as the Range lines are run North and South, it will at once be seen that the convergence of Meridians will cause every Congressional Townhip (North of the Equator) to be narrower at its North than at its South side, as stated. See Dingram 4. In addition to this fact, mistakes of measurement are constantly and almost unavoidably made in running both Township and Range lines, and if no new starting points were established the lines would become confused and unreliable, and DIAGRAM 6. the size and shape of Townships materially affected by the time the LỘT 4. LOT 1. LOT 2. LOT 3. surveys had extended even a hundred miles from the Base Line and Princi- 85 62 AC. & ACRES. 83 @% R. 85 R. ACRES. 80.5 81 R. = ACRES. pal Meridian. In order to correct 90 R. the surveys and variations caused by the difference of latitude and 83 R straighten the lines, "Correction LOT 5. 29 AC. 80 ACRES. 40 Lines" (or Guide Meridiana and Standard Parallels) are established at frequent intervals, usually as follows: ACRES. & 80 Rods. North of the Base Line & Correction RO F Line is run East and West parallel 160 Rods. LOT 6. with the Base Line, usually every twenty-four miles. South of the Base Line a Correction Line is usually =32 AC. established every thirty miles. Both 160 ACRES. 4 R East and West of the Principal 37 AC. Meridian "Correction Lines" are 160 Rods. usually established every 48 miles. LOT 7. 80 ACRES. All Correction Lines are located by 160 Rods. 81 R. 80.5., R. 74 R careful measurement, and the suc- 80 Rods. PLAT OF A FRACTIONAL SECTION. ceeding surveys are based upon them.
ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR 1895, BY GEO. A. OGLE & CO., IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBARIAN OF CONGRESS AT WASHINGTON, D. C.
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STANDARD AYNI OF
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FI RD COUNTY
ILLINOIS
INCLUDING A PLAT BOOK
OF THE VILLAGES, CITIES AND TOWNSHIPS OF THE COUNTY. MAP OF THE STATE, UNITED STATES AND WORLD: Patrons Directory. Reference Business Directory and Departments devoted to General Information. ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM OF U.S. LAND SURVEYS, DIGEST OF THE SYSTEM OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT, ETC. ETC.
Compiled and Published E BY GED. A. OGLE & CO.O. PUBLISHERS & ENGRAVERS. CHICAGO. 1916 Pourright 1916 by Gee. 1. 00l & Co.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INDEX.
PAGE
PAGE
TITLE PAGE.
8
ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM OF UNITED STATES LAND
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5
SURVEYS
I-II
OUTLINE MAP OF FORD COUNTY .7
MAP OF THE STATE OF. ILLINOIS. .56-57
MAP OF THE UNITED STATES
.60-61
MAP OF THE WORLD.
64-65
PATRONS' REFERENCE DIRECTORY, FORD COUNTY.
.. 67
ANCIENT, MEDIEVAL AND MODERN HISTORY CHRON-
78
OLOGICALLY ARRANGED.
.Supplement X-XXIII
ILLUSTRATIONS
FORD COUNTY INDEX.
PAGE
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BRENTON TOWNSHIP
47
BURR OAKS, PLAT OF
21
BUTTON TOWNSHIP
.28
CABERY, PLAT OF .. .81
CLARENCE, PLAT OF.
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