USA > Illinois > Livingston County > Historical encyclopedia of Illinois, Volume I Pt 1 > Part 41
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GLOVER, Joseph Otis, lawyer, was born in Cayuga County, N. Y .. April 13, 1810, and edu- cated in the high-school at Aurora in that State. In 1835 he came west to attend to a land case at Galena for his father, and, although not then a lawyer, he managed the case so successfully that he was asked to take charge of two others. This determined the bent of his mind towards the law, to the study of which he turned his attention under the preceptorship of the late Judge The- ophilus L. Diekey, then of Ottawa. Soon after being admitted to the bar in 1810, he formed a partnership with the late Burton C. Cook, which
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lasted over thirty years. In 1846 he was elected as a Democrat to the lower branch of the l'if- teenth General Assembly, but, on the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, he became one of the founders of the Republican party and a close friend of Abraham Lincoln, whom he entertained, at the time of his (Lincoln's) debate with Senator Douglas, at Ottawa, in 1858. In 1868 he served as Presidential Elector at the time of General Grant's first election to the Presidency, and the following year was appointed United States Dis- triet Attorney for the Northern District, serving until 1875. In 1877 he was appointed by Gov- ernor Cullom a member of the Board of Railway and Canal Commissioners, of which he afterwards became President, serving six years. Died, in Chicago, Dec. 10, 1892.
GODFREY, a village of Madison County, ou the Chicago & Alton Railway, 5 miles north of Alton. It is the seat of Monticello Female Seminary, and named for Capt. Benjamin Godfrey, an early settler who was chiefly instrumental in founding that institution. Population (1890), 228.
GODFREY, (Capt.) Benjamin, sea captain and philanthropist, was born at Chatham, Mass,, Dec. 4, 1794: at nine years of age he ran away from home and went to sea, his first voyage being to Ireland, where he spent nine years. The War of 1812 coming on, be returned home, spending a part of the next three years in the naval service, also gaining a knowledge of the science of navi- gation. Later, he became master of a merchant- vessel making voyages to Italy, Spain, the West Indies and other countries, finally, by shipwreck in Cuban waters, losing the bulk of his fortune. In 1824 he engaged in mercantile business at Matamoras, Mex., where he accumulated a hand- some fortune; but, in transferring it (amounting to some $200,000 in silver) across the country on pack-animals, he was attacked and robbed by brigands, with which that country was then infested. Resuming business at New Orleans, he was again successful, and, in 1832, came north, locating near Alton, Ill., the next year engaging in the warehouse and commission business as the partner of Winthrop S. Gilman, under the name of Godfrey & Gilman. It was in the warehouse of this firm at Alton that the printing-press of Elijah P. Lovejoy was stored when it was seized and destroyed by a mob, and Lovejoy was killed, in October, 1837. (See Lovejoy. Elijah P.) Soon after establishing himself at Alton, Captain God- frey made a donation of land and money for the erection of a young ladies' seminary at the village of Godfrey, four miles from Alton. (See Monti-
cello Female Seminary.) The first cost of the erection of buildings, borne by him, was $53,000. The institution was opened, April 11, 1838, and Captain Godfrey continued to be one of its Trustees as long as he lived. Ilo was also one of the lead- ing spirits in the construction of the Alton & Springfield Railroad (now a part of the Chicago & Alton), in which he invested heavily and un- profitably. Died at Godfrey, April 13, 1862.
GOLCONDA, a village and county-seat of Pope County, on the Ohio River, 80 miles northeast of Cairo; located in agricultural and mining dis- trict; zinc, lead and kaolin mined in the vicinity ; has a courthouse, eight churches, schools, one bank, a newspaper, a box factory, flour and saw mills, and a fluor-spar factory. It is the termi- nus of a branch of the Illinois Central Railroad. Population (1890), 1,174: (1900), 1,140.
GOLDZIER, Julius, ex-Congressman, was born at Vienna, Austria, Jan. 20, 1851, and emigrated to New York in 1866. In 1873 he settled in Chicago, where he was admitted to the bar in 1877, and where he has practiced law ever since. From 1890 to 1892 he was a member of the Chicago City Council, and, in 1892, was the successful Democratic candidate in the Fourth District, for Congress, but was defcated in 1894 by Edward D. Cooke. At the Chicago city election of 1899 he was again re- turned to the Council as Alderman for the Thirty- second Ward.
GOODING, James, pioneer, was born about 1767, and, in 1833, was residing at Bristol, Ontario County, N. Y., when he removed to Cook County, Ill., settling in what was later called "Gooding's Grove," now a part of Will County. The Grove was also called the "Yankee Settlement," from the Eastern origin of the principal settlers. Mr. Gooding was accompanied, or soon after joined, by three sons-James, Jr., William and Jasper-and a nephew, Charles Gooding, all of whom became prominent citizens. The senior Gooding died in 1849, at the age of 82 years .- William (Gooding). civil engineer, son of the preceding, was born at. Bristol, Ontario County, N. Y., April 1, 1803; educated in the common schools and by private tuition, after which he divided his time chiefly between teaching and working on the farm of his father, James Gooding. Having devoted considerable attention to surveying and civil engineering, he obtained employment in 1826 on the Welland Canal. where he remained three years He then engaged in mercantilo pursuits at Lock- port, N. Y., but sold out at the end of the first year and went to Ohio to engage in his profession.
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Being unsuccessful in this, he accepted employ- ment for a time as a rodman, but later secured a position as Assistant Engineer on the Ohio Canal. After a brief visit to his father's in 1832, he returned to Olio and engaged in business there for a short time, but the following year joined his father, who had previously settled in a portion of what is now Will County, but then Cook, mak- ing the trip by the first mail steamer around the lakes. He at fixe settled at "Gooding's Grove" and engaged in farming. In 1836 he was ap- pointed Assistant Engineer on the Illinois & Michigan Canal, but, in 1842, became Chief Engi- neer, continuing in that position until the com- pletion of the canal in 1848, when he became Secretary of the Canal Board. Died, at Lockport, Will County, in May, 1878.
GOODRICH, Grant, lawyer and jurist, was born in Milton, Saratoga, County, N. Y., August. 7, 1811; grew up in Western New York, studied law and came to Chicago in 1834, becoming one of the most prominent and reputable members of his profession, as well as a leader in many of the movements for the educational, moral and reli- gious advancement of the community. He was one of the founders of the First Methodist Epis- copal Church of Chicago, an active member of the Union Defense Committee during the war, an incorporator and life-long Trustee of the North- western University, and President of the Board of Trustees of Garrett Biblical Institute, besides being identified with many organizations of a strictly benevolent character. In 1859 Judge Goodrich was elected a Judge of the newly organ- ized Superior Court, but, at the end of his term, resumed the practice of his profession. Died, March 15, 1889.
GORE, David, ex-State Auditor, was born in Trigg County, Ky., April 5, 827; came with his parents to Madison County, Ill., in 1834, and served in the Mexican War asa Quartermaster, afterwards locating in Macoupin County, where he has been extensively engaged in farming. In 1874 he was an unsuccessful Greenback-Labor candidate for State Treasurer, in 1884 was elected to the State Senate from the Macoupin-Morgan District, and, in 1893, nominated and elected, as a Democrat, Auditor of Public Accounts, serving until 1997. For some sixteen years he was a member of the State Board of Agriculture, the last two years of that period being its President. Ilis home is at Carlinville.
GOUDY, Calvin, early printer and physician, was born in Ohio, June 2, 1814; removed with his parents, in childhood, to Indianapolis, and
in 1832 to Vandalia, III., where he worked in the State printing offic, and bindery. In the fall of 1833 the family removed to Jacksonville, and the following year he entered Illinois College, beiny for a time a college-mate of Richard Yates, after- wards Governor. Here he continued his vocation as a printer, working for a time on "Peck's Gazetteer of Illinois" and "Goudy's Almanac," of which his father was publisher. Inassociation with a brother while in Jacksonville, ha bogan the publication of "The Common School Advo- cate, " the pioneer publication of its kind in the Northwest, which was continued for about a year. Later he studied medicine with Drs. Henry and Merriman in Springfield, finally graduating at the St. Louis Medical College and, in 18H. began practice at Taylorville; in 1847 was elected Probate Judge of Christian County for a term of four years; in ISI engaged in mercantile busi- ness, which he continued nineteen years. In 1856 he was elected to the lower house of the General Assembly and, in the session of the following year, was a leading supporter of the act estab- lishing the State Normal School at Normal, still later serving for some sixteen years on the State Board of Education. Died, at Taylorville, in 1877. Dr. Goudy was an older brother of the late William C. Gondy of Chicago.
GOUDY, William C., lawyer, was born in Indiana, May 15, 1824; came to Illinois, with his fatber, first to Vandalia and afterwards to Jack- sonville, previous to 1933, where the latter began the publication of "The Farmer's Almanac"-a well-known publication of that time. At Jack- sonville young Goudy entered Illinois College, graduating in 1845, when he began the study of law with Judge Stephen T. Logan, of Springfield ; wasadmitted to the bar in 1847, and the next year began practice at Lewistown, Fulton County ; served as State's Attorney (1852 55) and as State Senator (1856-60); at the close of his term re- moved to Chicago, where he became prominent as a corporation and railroad lawyer, in 1886 be- coming General Solicitor of the Chicago & North- western Railroad. During President Cleveland's first term, Mr. Goudy was believed to exert a large influence with the administration, and was credited with having been largely instrumental in securing the appointment of his partner, Mel- ville W. Fuller, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Died. April 27, 1893.
GRAFE, Joseph V., lawyer and Congressman, was born at Terre Haute, Ind., July 1, 1834; after graduating from the Terre Haute high-school. spent one year in Wabash College at Crawfords-
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ville, but did not graduate; studied law and was admitted to the bar at Delavan, Ill., in 1859; in 1892 was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis, but, with the excep- tion of President of the Board of Education, never held any public office until elected to Con- gress from the Fourteenth Illinois District, as a Republican, in November, 1894. Mr. Graff was a successful candidate for re-election in 1896, and again in '98.
GRATTON, a town in Jersey County, situated on the Mississippi one and a half miles below the mouth of the Illinois River. The bluffs are high and fine river views are obtainable. A fine quality of fossiliferous limestone is quarried here and exported by the river. The town has a bank, three churches and a graded school. Pop- ulation (1880), 807, (1890), 927; (1900), 988.
GRAIN INSPECTION, a modo of regulating the grain-trade in accordance with State law, and under the general supervision of the Railroad and Warehouse Commission. The principal exec- utive officer of the department is the Chief Inspector of Grain, the expenses of whose adminis- tration are borne by fres. The chief business of the inspection department is transacted in Chi- cago, where the principal offices are located. (See Railroad and Warehouse Commission.)
GRAMMAR, John, pioneer and early legislator, came to Southern Illinois at a very early dair and served as a member of the Third Territorial Council for Johnson County (1816-18); was a citizen of Union County when it was organized in 1818, and served as State Senator from that county in the Third and Fourth General Assem- blies (1822-26), and again in the Seventh and Eighth General Assemblies (1830-34), for the Dis- triet composed of Union, Joh son and Alexander Counties. He is described as having been very illiterate, but a man of much shrewdness and considerable influence.
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, a fra- ternal, charitable and patriotic association, limited to men who served in the Union army or navy during the Civil War, and received hon- orable discharge. Its founder was Dr. B. F. Stephenson, who served as Surgeon of the Four- teenth Illinois Infantry. In this task he had the cooperation of Rev. William J. Rutledge, Chaplain of the same regiment, Col. John M. Snyder, Dr. James Ilamilton, Maj. Robert. M. Woods, Maj. Robert Allen, Col. Martin Flood, Col. Daniel Grass, Col. Edward Prince, Capt. John S. Phelps, Capt. John A. Lightfoot, Col. B. F. Smith. Maj. A. A. North, Capt. Henry E.
Howe, and Col. B. I. Hawkes all Minol voie ans. Numerous conf en .. . were hebt at Sping field, in this State, a ritual was prepared, and the first post was chartered at Decatur, Il., April 6, 1866. The charter members were Col. I. C. Pugh. George R. Steele, J. W. Routh, Joseph Prios. J. H. Nale, J. T. Bishop, G. H. Dunning, B. F. Sibley, M. F. Kanan, C. Reibsame, I. N. Coltrin, and Aquila Toland. All but one of the s: had served in Illinois regiments. At first, the work of organization proce ded slowly, the ex-sokliers generally being somewhat doubtful of the result of the project; but, before July 12, 1566, the date fixed for the assembling of a State Convention to form the Department of Illinois, thirty-nine posts had been chartered, and, by 1869, there were 330 reported in Illinois. By October, 1866, Depari- ments had been formed in Illinois, Indiana, Jowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota, and posts established in Ohio, Missouri, Kentucky, Arkansas, Massa- chussetts, New York, Pennsylvania, and the District of Columbia, and the first National Encampment was held at Indianapolis, November 20 of that year. In 1891 there were 7,500 posts, located in every State and Territory of the Union, with a membership of 450,000. The scheme of organization provides for precinct, State and National bodies. The first are known as posts. each having a number, to which the name of some battle or locality, or of some deceased soldier may be prefixed ; the second (State organizations) are known as Departments; and the supreme power of the Order is vested in the National En- campment, which meets annually. As has been said, the G. A. R. had its inception in Illinois. The aim and dream of Dr. Stephenson and his associates was to create a grand organization of veterans which, through its cohesion, no less than its incisiveness, shoukl constitute a potential fac- tor in the ineuleation and development of patriot- ism as well as mutual support. While he died sorrowing that he had not seen the fruition of his hopes, the present has witnessed the fullest. realization of his dream. (See Stephenson, B. F.) The constitution of the order expressly prohibits any attempt to use the organization for partisan purposes, or even the discussion, at any meeting, of partisan questions. Its aims are to foster and strengthen fraternal feelings among members; to assist comrades needing help or protection and aid comrades' widows aud orphans, and to incul- cate nnswerving loyalty. The "Woman's Relief Corps" is an auxiliary organization, originating at Portland, Maine, in 1869. The following is a list of Illinois Department Commanders, ehionolog-
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ically arranged: B. F. Stephenson (Provisional, 1866), John M. Palmer (1866-68), Thomas O. Osborne (1869-70), Charles E. Lippincott (1871), Hubert Dilger (1872), Guy T. Gould (1873), Hiram Hilliard (1874-76), Joseph S. Reynolds (1877), T. B. Coulter (1878), Edgar D. Swain (1879-80), J. W. Burst (1881), Thomas G. Lawler (1892), S. A. Harper (1883), L. T. Dickason (1884), William W. Berry (1885), Philip Sidney Post, (1886), A. C. Sweetser (1887), James A. Sexton (1888), James S. Martin (1889), William L. Distin (1890), Horace S. Clark (1891), Edwin Harlan (1892), Edward A. Blodgett (1893), H. H. McDowell (1894), W. H. Powell (1895), William G. Cochran (1896), A. L. Schimpff (1897), John C. Black (1898), John B. Inman (1899). The fol- lowing Illinoisans have held the position of Com- mander-in-Chief: S. A. Hurlbut, (two terms) 1866-67; John A. Logan, (three ternis) 1868-70; Thomas G. Lawler, 1894: James A. Sexton, 1898.
GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, a co-educa- tional institution at Onarga, Iroquois County, in- corporated in 1863; had a faculty of eleven teach- ers in 1897-98, with 285 pupils-145 male and 140 female. It reports an endowment of $10,000 and properly valued at $55,000. Besides the usual classical and scientific departments, instruction is given in music, oratory, fine arts and prepara- tory studies.
GRAND TOWER, a town in Jackson County, situated on the Mississippi River, 27 miles south- west of Carbondale; the western terminus of the Grand Tower & Carbondale Railroad. It received its name from a high, rocky island, lying in the river opposite the village. It has four churches, a weekly newspaper, and two blast furnaces for iron. Population (1890). 624; (1900). 881.
GRAND TOWER & CAPE GIRARDEAU RAILROAD. (See Chicago & Texas Railroad.) GRAND TOWER & CARBONDALE RAIL- ROAD. (See Chicago & Texas Railroad.)
GRANGER, Flavel K., lawyer, farmer and legislator, was born in Wayne County, N. Y., Hay 16, 1832, educated in public schools at Sodus in the same State, and settled at Wankegan, III., in 1853. Here, having studied law, he was admitted to the bar in 1835, removing to MeHenry County the same year, and soon after engaging in the live-stock and wool business. In 1872 he was elected as a Republican Representative in the Twenty-eighth General Assembly, being succes- sively re-elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth: and Thirty-first, and being chosen Temporary Speaker of the Twenty ninth and Thirtieth. IIe is now a member of the State Senate for the
Eighth District. Having been of omboon 1896. Hi. home is at West The Henry.
GRANT, Alexander Fraeser, early lawyer and jurist, was born at Inverness, Scotland, in 18H. came to Illinois at an early day and located at Shawneetown, where he studied law with Henry Eddy, the pioneer lawyer and editor of that place. Mr. Grant is described as a man of marked ability, pe were many of the early settler . that region. In February, 1835, he was elected by the General Assembly Judge for the Third Circuit, as sneces- sor to his preceptor, Mr. Eddy, but served only a few months, dying at Vandalia the same year.
GRANT, Ulysses Simpson, (originally Ilirain Ulysses), Lieutenant - General and President, was born at Point Pleasant, Clermont County, Ohio, April 27, 1822 ; graduated from West Point Military Academy, in 1843, and served through the Mexican War. After a short resi- dence at St. Louis, he became a resident of Galena in 1860. His war-record is a glorious part of the Nation's history. Entering the service of the State as a clerk in the office of the Quartermaster- General at Springfield, soon after the breaking out of the war in 1861, and still later serving as a drill-master at Camp Yates, in Juno following he was commissioned by Governor Yates Colonel of the Twenty-first Illinois Volunteers, which he immediately led into the field in the State of Missouri; was soon after promoted to a Brigadier- Generalship and became a full Major-General of Volunteers on the fall of Forts Donelson and Henry, in February following. His successes at Fort Gibson, Raymond, Champion Hill, and Big Black River, ending with the capture of Vicks- burg, were the leading victories of the Union armies in 1863. His successful defense of Chat- lanooga was also one of his victories in the West in the same year. Commissioned a Major-General of the Regular Army after the fall of Vicksburg, he became Lieutenant-General in 1861, and, in March of that year, assumed command of all the Northern armies. Taking personal command of the Army of the Potomac, he directed the can- paign against Richmond, which resulted in the final evacuation and downfall of the Confederate capital and the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox on April 8, 1865. In July, 1866, he was made General-the office being created for him. Ile also served as Secretary of War, ad interim, under Pre ident Johnson, from An- gust, 1867, to January, 1868. In 1868 he was elected President of the United States and re- elect .d in 1872. His administration may not have been free from mistakes, but it was charac-
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terized by patriotism and integrity of purpose. During 1877-79 he made a tour of the world, being received everywhere with the highest honors. In 1880 his friends inade an unsuccessful effort to secure his renomination as a Presidential candi- date on the Republican ticket. Died, at Mount MeGregor, N. Y., July 23, 1885. His chief literary work was his "Memoirs" (two volumes, 1885-86), which was very extensively soll.
GRAPE CREEK, a surburban mining village in Vermilion County, on the Big Vermilion River and the Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad, six miles south of Danville. The chief industry is coal mining, which is extensively carried on. Population (1890). 778; (1900), 610
GRATIOT, Charles, of Huguenot parentage, born at Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1752. After receiving a mercantile training in the counting house of an uncle in London, he emigrated to Canada, entering the employ of another uncle at Montreal. Ho first came to the "Illinois Coun- try", in 1775, as an Indian trader, remaining one year. In 1777 he returned and formed a partner- ship with David McRae and John Kay, two young Scotchmen from Montreal. Le established depots at Cahokia and Kaskaskia. Upon the arrival of Col. George Rogers Clark, in 1778, he rendered that commander material financial assistance, becoming personally responsible for the supplies needed by the penniless American army. When the transfer of sovereignty took place at St. Louis, on March 10, 1804, and Louisiana Territory became a part of the United States, it was from the balcony of his house that the first American flag was unfurled in Upper Louisiana. In recom- pense for his liberal expenditure, he was promised 80,000 acres of land near the present sito of IQuisville, but this he never received. Died, at St. Louis, April 21, 1817.
GRAVIER, Father Jacques, a Jesuit mission- ary, born in France, but at what date cannot be stated with certainty. After some years spent in Canada he was sent by his ecclesiastical superiors to the Illinois Mission (1688), succeeding Allouez as Superior two years later, and being made Vicar-General in 1691. He labored among the Miamis, Peorias and Kaskaskias-his most numer- ous conversions being among the latter tribe-as also among the Cahokias, Osages, Tamaroas and Missouris. It is said to have been largely through his influence that the Illinois were induced to settle at Kaskashia instead of going south. In 1705 he received a severe wound during an attack by the Illinois Indians, incited, if not actually led, by one of their medicine men. It is said
that he visited Paris for treatment, but failed to find a cure. Accounts of his death vary a .. to time and place, but all agree that it resulted from the wound above mentioned. Some of his biographers assert that he died at sea; others that he returned from France, yet suffering from the Indian poison, to Louisiana in February, 1708, and died near Mobile, Ala., the same year.
GRAY, Wlisha electrician and invertor, wa: born at Barnesville, Ohio, August 2, 1935; after serving as an apprentice at various trades, took a conrse at Oberlin College, devoting especial attention to the physical sciences, meanwhile supporting himself by manual labor. In 1865 he began his career as an electrician and, in 1867, received his first patent; devised a method of transmitting telephone signals, and, in 1875, suc- ceeded in transmitting four messages simultaue- ously on one wire to New York and Boston, a year later accomplishing the same with eight messages to New York and Philadelphia. Pro- fessor Gray has invented a telegraph switch, a repeater, enunciator and type-writing telegraph. From 1869 to '73 he was employed in the manu- facture of telegraph apparatus at Cleveland and Chicago, but has since been electrician of the Western Electric Company of Chicago. His latest invention, tho "telantograph" -- for reproducing by telegraph the handwriting of the sender of a telegram-attracted great interest at the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893. He is author of "Telegraphy and Telephony" and "Experimental Researches in Electro-Harmonie Telegraphy and Telephony."
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