USA > Illinois > Cass County > History of Cass county, Illinois > Part 3
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Among the earliest settlers in the vicinity of Arenzville were Henry Mckean, John Mc- Kean, Alexander Pitner, William Pitner, John Melone, William McHenry, James Davis, George Bristow, Aquilla Low, J. A. Arenz, Richard Matthews, Charles Robertson, James Crum, Christian Crum, Peter Hudson, Charles Wiggins, David Black, Alexander Huffman,
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HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
Benjamin Matthews, William Summers, Ane drew Williams, and Richard Graves. Most of these persons came about 1830.
John, Stephen and Jasper Buck and John Shafer were also early settlers. John Savage came in 1823.
In 1830, there was a water-mill for grinding corn at Arenzville, where Engelbach's steanı- mill now stands. The power was obtained by changing the channel of Indian Creek fully a quarter of a mile north from the bed where it now runs. There was formerly an ancient Indian town and burial place on Prairie Creek, about three miles north-east of Arenzville.
Among the first settlers in the centre of the county, near where Virginia now stands, were Captain Jacob Yaple, who set out the first apple orchard in the county; Henry Hopkins, Elijah Carver, Charles Brady, John De Webber, Thomas Hanby, John Dawsy, Samuel Way, William Weaver, Thomas Gat- ton, Halsey Smith, a preacher named Cham- bers, and others. Some of these settled as soon as the lands were offered for sale by the government at the new land office at Spring- field, others a few years later.
The next installment of settlers, ranging from 1826 to 1832, were James Stephenson and his five grown sons, Wesley, James, Wil- liam, Robert and Augustus ; Charles Beggs, Jacob and John Epler, John Hiler, Rev. John Biddlecome, Isaac Mitchell, William Kinner, Jesse Allred, Nathan Compton ; John C., Peter and William Conover ; and a widow Pratt, and her four sons-William, Charles, Rogers and Haramel. A school- house was built of logs in this neighborhood in 1829. Samuel Thompson built a horse mill in 1830. James Richardson built the first blacksmith shop in 1826. Peter Conover and Elizabeth Marshall were the first to marry here, which was in 1827. The southeast part of the county was settled early by James, Davis, who made an improvement on the
farm now owned by Travis Elmore, at the head of Little Indian Creek. He sold out to Strother Ball, and he to Isaac Bennett. B>n- nett sold to William Grove, who entered the land in 1826. Eli Cox settled here as early as 1820, in Cox's Grove, so named from him, and entered the land as soon as it came into market, in 1823. William Cooper, a negro with a white wife, settled here also ; and Stephen Short, with his four sons, James Benjamin, George and Albert, Stephen Lec, Tilman Hornbuckle, and Dr. Stockton, settled in Panther Grove in 1830. John Miller, James Thompson and Daniel Biair settled near by on the prairie. Stephen Short was the first justice of the peace. Rev. William Crow, the first preacher.
Further north, on the east side of the county, among the first settlers were George and John Wilson, in 1824 ; William Daniels, in 1825; Bartlett Conyers, John Lucas, John B. Witty, and Robert Hawthorn, in 1826. The first child born in this neighborhood was Lucinda Daniels, in 1828. The first marriage was Miles Hamilton and Barbara Baeger. In the northeast part of the county, on and near the Sangamon Bottom, the first settlers were Amos Ogden, in 1830, who built a house of hewn logs in 1831, and rode three days to get eight men to help him raise it. The men who helped him were those other old settlers: Joseph Hickey, James Watkins, John Hickey, James Hickey, Isham Reavis, Daniel Ater- bury, and a Mr. Mounts.
The first school-house was of logs, built on Amos Ogden's farm. The first blacksmith shop was owned by Matthew Holland in 1835. The first mill was a small specimen of a water-mill, owned by James Watkins in 1833.
The five Dick brothers, William Lynn and William P. Morgan, settled here in 1831; and Dr. Charles Chandler, Marcus Chandler and Mr. Inglis, in 1832. Dr. Chandler's cabin was in the centre of where the present town
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HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
of Chandlerville now is, where the first Con- gregational Church now stands, the land be- ing subsequently donated by the doctor for that purpose. South of the Chandler settle- ment, on the Sangamon Bottom, were David Clopton, Robert Leeper, William Myers, Oliver Coyne, William McAuley and Mark Cooper, in 1831 and 1832. The first preach- ing there was by Rev. Levi Springer.
LIST OF ALL THOSE WHO ENTERED LAND .-- The following is a list of those who entered land (i. e., bought from the government), within the present limits of Cass County, Ill., including the " three mile strip," before the deep snow in the winter of 1830-31; and in what township and in what year the entry was made. Where a person entered land in more than one township, his name is given for that tract only which he first entered.
I8. 12, Thomas Beard ..... ..... 1826 17, 11, Thomas Wiggins. ..... .1829
.. Enochi C. March ......... 1826
.. John Knight .. ..... .1828
17, 12. Freeman Skinner. .1830
Kimball & Knapp ...... 1830
.. Asa C. New. .1830
18, 11, Henry Summers .1$30
Richard Gaines. 1830
.. John S. Warfield .1830
.. Robert Farrell 1830
.. John Farrell. 1830
Temperance Baker .... 1829
17. 11. James Orchard. I:26
Oswell Thompson, jr. 1830 Jos. L. Kirkpatrick ... 1830
Joseph C. Christy. 1829
Frederick Troxel. .1828
Peter Karges .1830
David Black .1829
.. James Sinart .IS27
John R. Sparks. 1528
.. Aquilla Low. 1827
Abraham Gish .1828
Charles Robertson ... .1828
Peter Taylor 1827
Martin Robertson. .1828
James HI. Richards. .. 1830
Jonah H. Case.
.1826
Daniel R. Scaffer. 1×20
.. Thomas Clark .183 :
David B. Carter 1830
James Davis. .1826
Andrew Williams .1827
Alexander Iluffman ....
... 1827
William Summers .. .. 1827
.. L. L. Case. 1826
Silas Freeman. .1828 John Savage .1830
Dennis Rockwell .. .. 1823
Augustne Barber ........ 1826
Juseph P. Croshwait. . 1530
19. 9. David McGinnis .. 1550
Stephen Handy. .. 15.50
Thos. Plaster 1,828
William Liun. 1830
Richard McDonald ... 1829
Wilson Runyon ..... 1830
William D. Leeper. .1:30
.. William Myers .. .1830
Jolm Taylor .. .1829
Elias Rogers, 1830
Jesse Armstrong. 1830
18. 8. William Holmes. .1826
.. John Lee 1830
Joseph Lee ... 1830
Robert Nance 1830
James Fletcher 1829
17. 9. John Hughes. .1827
Susanna Walker. 1823
Solomon Redman .1526
.. Ilenrv Kittner. .. 1826
Martin Hardin ..... 1827
.. Josiah Flinn. 1826
David Manchester
.. William Miller 1826
Strother Ball 1-26
Samuel Montgomery. . 1830
18, 11, William W. Babb .. 1429
.. Elred Renshaw. 1830
18, 11, Sam'l B. Crewdson .... 1829
Solomon Penny ... .. 1828
.. Benjamin Carr .. .1829
Amos IInger .1830
Reddick Horn .1826
Elisha Carr .. 1820
Jolin Waggoner. 1829
.. James Scott. 1829
17, 11. Alexander Pitner. 1829
John Thompson. 1830
1×27
18, 10, William Myers, Thomas Gattou. .1829
James Mason. 1829
Nathan Compton. .1828 ..
Jolin Robertson ... .1828 Richard A. Lane ... .. 1×30
Street & Bland. 1827 John McDonald. 1828
Susan Washburn ... 1-27 19, 8, Isham Reavis. .1830
Henry Traughber .... .1826 .. Inbert Taylor 1×30
: Win. P. Morgan ...... ,1830
18, 8, Samuel Reid. .1828
Robert Elkins. .. 1829
.. Ralph Elkins. .. 1829
.. Henry Williams .1828
.. Eaton Nance. .1828
Julın Lucas .1829
Susan Washburne ....... 1828 David Williams .. .. 1829
44 Joel Ragsdale. 1.829
17,8, James B. Watson. .1826
Wm. Cooper 1826
.. Stephen Short. 1×30
4 Wm. Crow .1826
.. Lewis Farmer .1-30)
Stephen L'e .. 1:30
Eli Cox .1-23
Robert Johnson .... ,182;
G W. Wilson.
= Jacob Ward ... .1829 Wm. T. Hamilton ...... 1×26
These make 212 persons who entered land in what is now Cass County, previous to the deep snow.
17, 10. William Porter .......... 182h Jacob Lawrence ........ .. 1826
.. Carrollton R. Gatton .. 1826 Thomas Gatton ..
.. 1826 Archibald Job. 132G
Peter Conover. 1826
William Conover .1826
Ahner Tinnen ... 1826 Nathan Compton. .1826
Joseph T. Leonard. .1826
Bazalpel Gillett 1830
.1826 George T. Bristow.
William Il. Johnson. . 1830 William Breeden 1827
Peter Taylor. 1×29
John Ream 18:0
Samuel Way .1828
: Archer Herndon .1827
.. Evin Martin .. .1827
James Sturgis. .1827
Jonathan Atherton ... .1830
17, 9. Burton Litton. 1.530
Page A. Williams. 1826
Morris Davis. 1826
.. Josiah Sims
.1826
Robert Fitzhugh
Jease Gum. 1827
Thomas Atkinson 1826
John Vance. .1826
James Welshi. 1×27
Richard Jones .. 1826
James Fletcher 1829 Andrew Beard. .1827 Jolın Bridges .. 1821
Jolin Creel .. 1827
Joseph McDonald. .1826
Gersham Jayne. .1829
= Jonas ble Donald. 1428
.. Patrick Mullen. 1827
.. Shadrick Scott. 1828
Benjamin Matthews .. 1827
Samuel Grosong. 1826
.. William S. Hanby .1826
18. 10, John E. Scott. 1.816
John De Weber. 1:28
A. S. West ,1426
John Ray. 1826
.. Joshua Crow. 1:26
.. Benjamin Stribling .... 1530
John G. Hergen 1828
Phineas Under wood ... 1$26 .. Zadoc W. Flynn .... .. 1829
.. Henry M.Alison. .1828
17. IO, Jacob Yaple .182J
= Alexander D. Cox. .1826
Ilenry Madison. .1826
James Marshall 1426
Jesse Allred .. .1536
Isaac Mitchell .1.829
Thomas Redman. 1826
George Tureman .1827
.. Edward Fuller. .1837
Levi Springer. .1830
William M. Clark .1927
George Freeman .... .1:27
.. Thomas Payt e ... 1830
Lucian T. Bryant ... 1830
William Lanime ... ... 1826
Susanna Pratt .1×26
David Black.
= James Marshall. 1226
Shndr'h Richardson .... 1830 Robert HI. Ivers ....... .1830
.. Josiah Rees. .. 1830
.. Joseph Baker. .1829
Thomas Plaster. 1×30
.. William Sewall .1$30
17. 10. William Chambers .... . 1426 Jolin C. Conover. .. 1827
William McCord 1830 Robert Alexander. .. 1820
Ralph Morgan ....... .1830
John Biddlecome. ,1830
.. Peter Carr. .. 1$28
William Carr .. .. 1825
= William D. Sturgis .... 1830
.. Isaiah Paschall. 1828
Littleberry Freeman .. 1830
.. Silas Freeman .1828
George F. Miller ........ 1:28
.. Henry Mckean .. .. 1829
.. Daniel T. Matthews. 1828
.. John MeKenn .1829
Daniel Richards. .1829
John Cuppy. 1:30
Anthony M. Thomas. . 1826 Alexander Beard ... 1829 John Robertson .......... 1829 Felix French .. .. 1829
,1826
25
IIISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
CHAPTER III.
INCREASE OF POPULATION-THE DEEP SNOW OF 1830-THE BLACK HAWK WAR-RENDEZ- VOUS OF SOLDIERS AT BEARDSTOWN-CAUSE OF DR. CHANDLER'S SETTLEMENT- MEETING BETWEEN IIIM AND ABRAHAM LINCOLN-BUSINESS OF BEARDS- TOWN IN 1834-THE EARLY LOG CABINS-YANKEES AND YANKEE
TRICKS-CORN BREAD-ETC., ETC., ETC.
BY the year 1830, the population of the State had increased to 157,447, and was confined mostly to the borders of rivers and creeks and woodlands. As yet but few set. tlements had been made anywhere in the open prairies.
The early settlers were apprehensive of a future scarcity of wood, and carried their fears to such an extent, that much of their money was invested in useless woodland, which they needed to begin farming with. But their fears in this respect seems now to be allayed, as it has been shown that the sup- ply increases rather than diminishes. Many of those who for the sake of a near and conven- ient supply of wood, settled in and along the borders of the timber-lands, got the poorest of the farm lands, and when they supposed all the good lands had been taken up, later set- tlers came in and entered the dry, rolling prairie lands, and thereby got the best farms, and were in no want for plenty of timber either.
The winter of 1830-31 was a remarkable one, and will always be remembered by old settlers as the most terrible for suffering with- in their memories. The snow fell at first about thirty inches deep, then the weather settled, and another snow fell, and another, until it was from four to six feet deep. In drifts it was much deeper. Fences were cov- ered and lanes filled up. There was much suffering everywhere. Stock died for want of food. Deer stood in their tracks and died. Prairie chickens and quails having alighted
in the snow, could not get out. Man was the only animal that could walk, and game alone, of the food kind, was all he had in plenty. That could be had for the picking up from the snow, for it was helpless. But finally, even game becaine so poor from starvation that it was unfit for food. The snow staid on the ground all winter, until March, and people ran short of everything, particularly fuel. Thomas Beard, recollect- ing a widow with a small family living at the bluffs, generously walked out there, and found her and her family on the verge of starvation, and hovering over the last rem- nants of a fire, she having used all her fuel. Mr. Beard tore up some fencing and chopped a large pile of wood for her, and afterwards carried provisions to her through the snow on foot, a distance of seven miles, as a horse could not travel.
What little corn had been raised in the county, was generally ungathered when the snow came, and yet in the fields, and men took sacks and waded out into their fields and gathered and carried it on their shoul- ders to their cabins, and to their horses, cat- tle and hogs, feeding it to them as they best could. The snow that fell first, thawed a little on top, and then froze, forming a crust which would break upon being stepped on by man or beast. Upon this there fell two feet or more of snow, which went through the same process of thawing and freezing, leaving a crust on top not strong enough to be r much weight. Through this no animal
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HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
but a man could walk. The black-jack tim- ber surrounding Beardstown for miles, had been a favorite resort for vast numbers of deer, and here they were caught in this ter- rible snow, and died, being unable to travel, From this time, the climate changed percept- ibly cokler. Previous to 1831, the most of the pioneers raised sufficient cotton for their own use, and it ripened well, but subsequent to the deep snow, all efforts to raise it in this State were futile. We have no means of in- formation as to the extent of country covered by this deep snow, as not a history of Illinois even mentions it, which leads us to conclude that it was not general, but confined to cen- tral Illinois, or, perhaps, even to so compar- atively small a surface as the Sangamon country.
In 1831 the Indians became very troublesome in this State, and threatened to overrun the white population. They were led by Black Hawk, their chief and prophet, who pretended to have power given him by the Great Spirit to destroy the pale-faces. He attacked the whites with so much vigor that militia com- panies were formed for self-protection. A battalion of this militia, of 275 men, com- manded by Major Israel Stillman, of Fulton County, was, on the 14th of May, 1832, attacked by Black Hawk on a small branch of the Sycamore Creek and badly defeated and cut up. This was called the battle of "Still- man's Run." The first call which Gov. Rey- nolds made for troops was in May, 1831, for all able-bodied men who were willing to fight the Indians, to the number of seven hundred, to rendezvous at Beardstown, on the 10th day of June. On that day they assembled in Beardstown in three times that number. Gov. Reynolds organized them at once by appoint- ing Joseph Duncan, of Jacksonville, brigadier- general, and Enoch C. March, of Beardstown, quartermaster. March was equal to the oc- casion. He was so well acquainted with this
vicinity that he soon furnished the necessary supplies. But Gov. Reynolds was at a loss to know how to arm those who had not brought rifles. In this emergency, Frances Arenz came to the rescue. He was a merchant in Beardstown, and had previously purchased some light brass-barreled fowling-pieces, which had been manufactured in the East for a South American government, and not an- swering the purpose for which theywere made they were shipped West to shoot birds with. These answered excellently for arms for light horsemen and skirmishers. The troops were encamped above town, where the saw mills now stand, until they took up their march. In their ranks were some of the best men of the country.
The whole brigade was organized into two regiments and two battalions. The first regi- ment was commanded by Col. James D. Henry, Lieutenant Col. John T. Stuart, Major Thomas Collins, Adjutant Edward Jones, quartermaster, and Thomas M. Neal, paymaster. The captains were Adam Smith, William F. Elkin, A. Morris, Thomas Carlin, Samuel Smith, John Lorton and Samuel C. Pearce.
The second regiment was commanded by Colonel Daniel Lieb, Major N. Butler. The captains were H. Mathews, John Hanes, George Bristow, William Gilham, Capt. Kendall, Alexander Wells and William Weatherford, usually called " Old Buck," of Morgan County.
The odd battalion was commanded by Major N. Buckmaster, James Semple, adjutant, Richard Roman, surgeon, and Joseph Gilles- pie, paymaster.
The Spy battalion. was commanded by Gen- eral Samuel Whiteside, Major Samuel F. Kendall, Adjutant John S. Greathouse, and Paymaster P. H. Winchester. Captains Wil- liam B. Whiteside, William Miller and Solo- mon P. Witt. The little army started on
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HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
their campaign June 15, 1831, for Rock Island.
We will relate one incident only, connected with the Black-Hawk War, to show how it affected the then future history, of at least a portion of Cass County.
David Epler, a resident of North Prairie in this county, came to Beardstown to purchase two barrels of salt. He drove two beautiful horses, well harnessed, and a good wagon; altogether just what Col. March wanted for war material. He accordingly seized them, under that law so universally adopted in war times, that "might makes right," and took them from Mr. Epler, nolens volens. But Mr. Epler refused to give them up, and, his face livid with anger, declared that he would defend them with his life, and that the colonel and his troops would have to walk over his dead body before he would give up his favor- ite team; at least, until he was paid their value. Col. March then offered to pay for them what two disinterested men should say they were worth. This was agreed to. There were then stopping in Beardstown two com- parative strangers, Dr. Charles Chandler and a man named Crawford; to them the cause was referred. They, having come from the East, were wholly unacquainted with the low prices of this new country, and priced the team at eastern values, which Col. March felt in honor bound to abide by, and the conse- quence was Mr. Epler got $350 for his team, which was a large price then.
This incident leads us to relate how Dr. Chandler came here. He left Rhode Island, where he had a good practice in his profes- sion, and a new house which he had just built, and started westward with his family, with the intention of settling at Fort Clark, where Peoria now stands.
When the steamer, upon which he came up the Illinois River, arrived at Beardstown- the hostile attitude of the Indians in the
vicinity, and the preparations for a general Indian war, induced the captain to discharge his passengers and freight at Beardstown, he thinking it unsafe to go any further north with his boat.
While here, Dr. Chandler took a ride up the Sangamon Bottom with Thomas Beard, and he was so well pleased with that part of it where Chandlerville now stands, that he determined to go no further north, but to settle there. This was in the spring of 1832. The bottom and bluffs had been burned over, and the new, fresh, green grass and beautiful flowers had sprung up; the trees, and vines and shrubbery were dressed in their most inviting foliage, and he had never seen so beautiful a sight. In a short time he took his wife and little daughter to see their future home, and they were equally delighted with it. There was a wagon road up the bottom, winding along the bluffs, in about the same place it now does, but so little was it traveled that it had not hindered the fire passing over it, and in the middle of the road, between the two horse- paths, was a ridge of green grass mingled with strawberry vines, which looked like a row of cultivated strawberries, and these right in the road; the doctor and his wife and little daughter ate in abundance the large, ripe berries. The doctor entered 160 acres of land where the town of Chandlerville now stands, and built his cabin upon the site of the present Congregational Church. He broke up three acres of land that spring, late as it was, and raised a crop of buckwheat upon it, without any fence around.
There was a universal custom among the settlers at that time, that every man should be entitled to 80 acres of land on each side of the land already entered by him, until such time as he was able to enter it, as it was called, or, in other words, until he could raise money enough to buy it from the Government at $1.25 per acre ; and it was considered as
30
HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
mean as stealing for another man to enter it.
Shortly after the doctor had settled there, a man stopped there named English, who was so well pleased with the prospect that he con- cluded to enter land and settle there. The doctor assisted and befriended him all he could, and, to induce him to stop, offered to give up his claim to one-half of the eighty acre tract, next to the land that English wanted, and let him enter it. English told him that he was going to Springfield and enter the whole tract; that he did not care for the customs of the country ; and that he was going to have it right or wrong, and started for Springfield. All of Dr. Chandler's expostulations with him did not avail anything. The doctor went to his cabin and looked over his little pile of money and found that he had fifty dollars. He thought that his neighbor MeAuly had some money, and saddling his best horse, he rode to McAuly's house and borrowed fifty dollars more. Thus provided, he took a dif- ferent route through the woods and prairies from that chosen by English, and putting his horse to his best speed, started for the Land Office.
When about ten miles of Springfield, he overtook two young men on horse back, and as his horse was foaming with perspiration, and nearly tired out, he rode slowly along with the young men, as well to rest his horse, as to relate to them the cause of his haste. When he told them of the meanness of the man English, one of the young men was so indig- nant that he offered the doctor his own compar- atively fresh horse, that he might make all haste and thwart the efforts of English, while the young man would ride the doctor's horse slowly into town. But the doctor rode his own horse, got safely to the Land Office and entered the land before English got there. Sometime after that he wanted to have his land surveyed, and the county surveyor lived
at Jacksonville, but a neighbor told him that there was a better surveyor living at Salem, in Sangamon County, named Abraham Lincoln. So the doctor sent for him, and when he came with his implements to do the surveying, the doctor found that Abraham Lincoln, the surveyor, was the same young man who had so kindly offered to lend him his horse, so that he might defeat the rascally man English.
Dr. Chandler was the first physician in Cen- tral Illinois who adopted quinine in his prac- tice as a remedy; the first who introduced the practice of the infliction of bodily pain as a remedy for overdoses of opium ; and the first who opposed bleeding as a remedy. When he went to Sangamon Bottom, he was called into practice before he could build a stable, and for weeks, when at home, tied his horse to a tree and pulled grass to feed him on, having no scythe to cut it with. He built the first frame house within the present limits of this county. It was 10x12 feet, one-story, and shingled with split and shaved oak shin- gles, which made a good roof for twenty-five years-a fact worthy of notice. He built it for a drug store and office, and it is still in existence. In 1836, he built his present large residence. His reason for building so large a house at that early day was, that it was ex- act!y like the one he had built and left in Rhode Island; and as his family had sacri- fieed so much in leaving their comfortable home for the wilds of the West, he wished to make a home as near like their former one as possible.
In 1833, Jackson was President ; John Reynolds, Governor; and Clay and Webster were in their glory. Beardstown was quite a flourishing town, and the port on the river from which most towns in the interior of the State got their supplies of goods, and from which their produce was shipped to market.
In that year Francis Arenz began publish- ing the first newspaper north of Jacksonville
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HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY.
and south of Chicago, entitled, The Beards- town Chronicle and Illinois Military Bounty Land Advertiser. This paper did the ad- vertising for the counties of Mason, Warren, Brown, Schuyler, McDonough, Stark, Knox, and Fulton, as there were no newspapers printed in those counties. There were no lawyers in Beardstown then, but those usually consulted by our citizens were: John J. Ilar- din, Walter Jones, Aaron B. Fontaine, Josiah Lamborn, and Murray McConnell of Jackson- ville, and William H. Richardson of Rush- ville.
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