USA > Illinois > DeKalb County > History of DeKalb County, Illinois > Part 20
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The scattered remnant of the rebel forces finally escaped over the line into Arkansas, and the brigade ceased the pur- suit at Springfield, Missouri, and soon returned to Rolla, which place was reached November 15th, 1864. During the previous forty-three days the regiment had marched one thousand miles and lost six hundred horses. Less than one hundred and fifty mounted men came back from that terribly destructive, continuous pursuit of this untiring foe.
The winter now set in.
Colonel Beveridge was brevetted Brigadier-General, and put in command of a military district in the department of
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THE SEVENTEENTH ILLINOIS CAVALRY.
Missouri. Lieutenant-Colonel Hynes, Chief of Cavalry of North Missouri district, on General Fisk's staff, was relieved, and returned to the regiment, for a time being in command of a military sub-district, with headquarters at Pilot Knob. Major Hilliard, on duty in North Missouri, was re-called to the regiment and put in command. Major Matlack was de- tailed by order of General Dodge as Provost Marshal of the district of St. Louis, and by the same officer Major Fisher was made Chief of Cavalry for the district of Rolla.
The spring of 1865 found the regiment, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Hynes, at Cape Girardeau, Missouri.
At this time the armies of the East, under Generals Grant, Sherman and Sheridan, had crushed the rebellion east of the Mississippi. West of the great river the nearest rebel force was that of Jeff. Thompson, reported at sixty thousand men.
Early in May Major-General Dodge sent out commissioners to offer Thompson terms of surrender, and the 17th was chosen as an escort. Four companies, under Licutenant- Colonel Hynes, crossed the St. Francis river at Chalk Bluffs ; four companies, under Major Hilliard, with a section of ar- tillery, encamped twelve miles in the rear ; while the commis- sioners went forward to Jonesboro, Arkansas, and returned on the 9th of May with Jeff. Thompson, who arranged the surrender of his forces.
It took place at Wittsburg May 25th, and at Jacksonport June 5th, the total being six thousand men,-just one-tenth of what was reported.
This was the last of the rebellion, and the last time that the 17th met the foe in arms.
Late in May the regiment, re-mounted, was shipped to Kansas City to guard a portion of Missouri, containing five Counties, from which the entire population had been driven out on account of their furnishing a harbor for guerrillas.
After remaining about five months Major Butts, with three companies, was ordered to Fort Larned. Company C, now under Captain Waite, had been stationed at Trading Post, a
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HISTORY OF DE KALB COUNTY.
small village near Fort Scott,-a very unhealthy location,- and most of its members had become ill. They were reported unfit for duty, and ordered to Fort Leavenworth to recruit their health.
The men of the 17th were sadly disappointed at not being discharged when the war was over, and some of the companies had some trouble in maintaining discipline and preventing desertion ; but the men of the De Kalb County Company made no opposition to the orders of their officers. It was not till the winter of 1865-66 that the regiment was finally mus- tered out at Fort Leavenworth, and the men returned to their homes.
From the ranks of Company C nine commissioned officers were promoted. Its Captain, J. D. Butts, was commissioned Major in April, 1865, and subsequently, in December, bre- vetted Lieutenant-Colonel of U. S. Volunteers. It furnished, also, a 1st Lieutenant, in the person of D. E. Butts, of De Kalb; a Quartermaster, Philo Judson; a Commissary, John A. Colton, of Genoa ; and five 2d Lieutenants,-Robert Sou- ders, Albert V. Ammet, Thomas Hickman, Egbert Johnson, and Thomas Searle.
The service performed by the 17th has been a most honor- able one; their record may well inspire its members with pride.
.
Enlisted Men of DeKalb County, 17th Illinois Cav.
SERGEANT MAJOR. John V. Henry, Somonauk, promoted from 105th Illinois Infantry. PRIVATES. Charles Price, Sandwich, died at Weston, Mo., Sept. 18, 1864. Edward Baker, Squaw Grove, deserted Sept. 10, 1865.
COMPANY C. COMMISSARY SERGEANT.
Charles Chapel, South Grove, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
SERGEANTS. Joshua R. Nichols, Mayfield, promoted 2d Lieutenant. Charles Goodrich, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. private.
Daniel H. Lindsay, Mayfield, mustered out Nov, 24, 1865, private. CORPORALS.
George L. Fisher, Sycamore, mustered out July 20, 1865. John A Trude, Mayfield, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865, private. Jonathan Houghton, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865, private. Charles H. Green, Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865, private. FARRIERS.
Horace Tennant, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23. 1865. Benjamin F. Harroun, Sycamore, mustered out Aug 8, 1865.
BUGLERS. W. H. Lindsay, Mayfield, absent sick at muster out. Charles A. Brett, DeKalb, mustered out as private.
SADDLER. Joseph Cheesbro, Sycamore, mustered out June 5, 1865, private. PRIVATES.
Ames Oliver, Malta, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Beardsley Elijah, Mayfield, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Beemis Henry, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Benedict Alfred N., Cortland, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Cunningham Thomas, Pierce, died at DeKalb April 6, 1864. Croff Cyrus E., Cortland, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Collson M. E., Cortland, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Carver Charles B., Malta, died in Lee county, Illinois, August 10, 1864. Courser Milton, Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Churchill Menzo, Cortland, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
Colton John A., Genoa, promoted 1st Lieutenant. Dowd Frank, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Downs Charles M., Cortland, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Daily Francis, Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Gardner Alfred, Sycamore, died at St. Joseph August 10, 1864. Gardner James, Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
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HISTORY OF DE KALB COUNTY.
Gage Amaza, Squaw Grove, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Holderness J. C., Malta, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. llarding Zora, Afton, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Ingham Ellis, Cortland, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Johnson Charles, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Lamb James, Sycamore, died at Alton July, 1864. Losee Rufus, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Moxom P. S., DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Muzzey Ira C., DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Price Rensellaer, Dekalb, died at Alton, Illinois, June, 1864. Peterson Anderson, detached at muster out of regiment. Perkins John N., Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Reid Henry, DeKalb, died July 20, 1864.
Rogers Charles, Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Sipp Samuel L., Malta, deserted Nov. 1, 1865. Stewart James II., Sycamore, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Wager Ira, DeKalb, mustered out May 25, 1865. Whitmore Charles, DeKalb, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
VanOlinder E. E., Somonauk, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
RECRUITS.
Beardsley Earl A., Somonauk, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865, as Sergeant. Burgess Albert, Somonauk, absent sick at muster out. Brookins James, Somonauk, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Brown Hamilton, Victor, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Beardsley W. H., Victor, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Baker Alonzo L., Shabbona, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Freer H. T., Dekalb, mustered out July 5, 1865. Griffin Justus, Afton, mustered out Oct. 4, 1865. HIaish Abram, Pierce, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
Labrant L, Pierce, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865, as Sergeant.
l'atridge Zelotas, Pierce, mustered out Oct. 4, 1865.
Ramer Anthony, Pierce, mustered out as Co. Q. M. Sergeant. Schoonover John A., DeKalb, mustered out July 5, 1865.
Townsend Solomon, Somonauk, mustered out Nov. 23, 1865.
COMPANY D. SERGEANTS.
John M. Osborn, Clinton, mustered out as private. John F. T. J. Mckinney, Clinton, discharged October, 1864. Harrison S. Andrews, Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865.
PRIVATES.
Bechtel Samuel, Sandwich, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Cunningham John, Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865, Field Robert, Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865, as Corporal. Gorham Ed. E., Sandwich, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Lillard Joseph L., Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Ledbetter Job, Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Lillard William E., Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Morse William H., Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Polan Samuel, Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Snowball Charles, Kingston, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865. Wimer John R., Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865, as Q. M. Sergeant. Williams Lewis, Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865, as Q. M. Sergeant. Clemmens A. J., Clinton, mustered out Dec. 20, 1865.
COMPANY E.
Emerson Freeman, Sycamore, discharged for disability.
BREVET LT.COL. J. D. BUTTS OF DEKALB.
(lurago Lithographing Co, Chicago,
THE SEVENTEENTH ILLINOIS CAVALRY 265
Banfield Benjamin, Malta, dishonorably discharged. Depue Richard D., Sycamore, mustered out Dec. 16, 1865. Gear Benjamin, Cortland, mustered out Dec. 18, 1865. Siglin Isaiah, Sycamore, mustered out Dec. 18, 1865. Siglin Joshua, Sycamore, mustered out Dec. 18, 1865. Tenscott Richard, Sycamore, mustered ont Dec. 18, 1865. VanDeusen John A., Sycamore, mustered out Dec. 18, 1865. Wright Halbert, Sycamore, mustered out Dec. 18, 1865, as Corporal. Hubner Charles, mustered out Oct. 3, 1865.
COMPANY H.
Bailey Austin R., Genoa. Bailey Frank H., Genoa. Chase Jacob H., Genoa, died at Kansas City, July 11, 1865. Dewberry Joseph, Pawpaw, deserted Sept. 11, 1864.
Hill George, Genoa, mustcred out Oct. 20, 1865.
COMPANY I.
Siewart Morris, Pierce, mustered out Oct. 9, 1865. Depue Nicholas, Genoa, mustered out Oct. 9, 1865. Norris S. W., Sycamore, mustered ont Oct. 9, 1865.
34
Fifty-Eighth Illinois Infantry.
Fifty-eighth Illinois Infantry.
Few regiments in the service saw more hard fighting, or endured a more varied and severe experience, than the 58th Illinois Volunteer Infantry. It was organized at Camp Douglas, in Chicago, and mustered into the service on the 25th of December, 1861.
Its first field officers were : Colonel, William F. Lynch Lieutenant-Colonel, Isaac Rutishauser ; Major, Thomas New- lan. Colonel Lynch was a resident of Elgin, Kane County, Lieutenant-Colonel Rutishauser of Somonauk, DeKalb County, and Major Newlan of Aurora, Kane County.
Company C of this regiment was raised in the town of Shabbona and its neighborhood. Its officers were: Captain, G. W. Kittell; 1st Lieutenant, S. W. Smith ; 2nd Lieutenant, Joseph G. Burt of Chicago.
A portion of Company G was also from DeKalb County. Its Captain was - Bewley of Dement. Rev. Job Moxom, an eloquent preacher and a heroic soldier, recruited a large portion of Company G, but was mustered into Company I as 2nd Lieutenant. A part of Company E was also from this County : so that our County was well represented in the 58th regiment. The regiment remained at Camp Douglas until the month of February, 1862, when it was removed to Cairo, where it was embarked on a steam transport for Fort Donel- son, at which place it arrived on the morning of the 14th, just
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THE FIFTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.
in time to participate in the capture of that place, which sent such a thrill of joy all over the land.
Disembarked at sunrise, the regiment was marched imme- diately to the scene of the conflict, thus being ushered into the midst of blood and carnage in three days from the time it left home. A few of the men had seen some service, but most of them were entirely unused to the duties of the soldier, and fresh from civil life. Arms were furnished them for the first time while at Cairo, and accoutrements and ammunition while on the boat. One-half the men until that time had never seen a cartridge, and many of them had never loaded a gun until they loaded them for service against the enemy. For- tunately the regiment saw no severe service on the first day, but was employed in skirmishing and maneuvering. On the second day they were iu the midst of the fight, and behaved remarkably well for green troops. Three of them were killed and nine were wounded.
The fort was surrendered, and, following its fall, the 58th marched with the army to Fort Henry, participated in the capture of that fort, and remained there until under General Grant it moved up the Tennessee river to Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing. It now formed a part of General H. L. Wallace's division. In the ever-memorable battle which occurred a this place, the division was in the center of the line of battle on the first disastrous day, and held the main Corinth road to the landing. It is a matter of history that this division did some of the hardest fighting on that day.
At about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, all the field officers and about two-thirds of the line officers, with two hundred of its men, were taken prisoners, and for many months after, endur- ed the horrors of the rebel prison-pens at Mobile, Cahaba, Selma, Macon, Montgomery, Griffin, and finally in Libby Prison in Richmond. Companies A, C and G were on the skirmish-line at this time, and most of them escaped capture. Fifty-nine were killed and wounded, and two hundred and twenty were captured. The loss of Company C was two men
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HISTORY OF DE KALB COUNTY.
killed and thirteen wounded. Oliver B. Wilson of Malta was the first man killed from our County. Captain Bewley of Company G was killed, and Captain K. P. Rutishauser of Somonauk met the same fate. Corporal William F. Williams of Company C lost an arm, and subsequently died of the wound ; and Lieutenant Moxom was severely wounded. He managed to crawl behind an old log which lay on the field, across which the fight was kept up for several hours, and, in spite of his efforts, was twice again wounded while he lay there ; but, after remaining there two days, he was rescued and recovered, and is now doing good service as pastor of a large and flourishing church in Michigan.
The Union line of battle was formed by the side of this cleared field, and that of the rebels was in the timber on the opposite side, which was about four hundred yards distant. The rebels made several attempts to cross this field, but were each time driven back with great slaughter. A rebel battery posted in the woods opposite this regiment annoyed our force, aud Companies C and E were ordered forward as skirmishers to some buildings which stood near the center of the field, with orders to silence the battery if possible. This work was soon accomplished, but the battery was now moved around to the right, and commenced an enfilading fire upon our men behind the building. A retreat was ordered; but, in the confusion, five men who were in a cotton-house at the left of the others failed to hear the order, and remained at their posts. When the companies had retired, the rebels moved forward and held the same ground that our men had abandoned. The men in the cotton-house were now cut off from the opportunity to retreat, and seemed to be obliged to surrender ; but, to avoid this, three of them jumped into the building, and concealed themselves beneath the mass of loose cotton. Sergeant Chas. O. Wheaton of Company C remained outside, but stepped around the corner of the house. Five rebs came around where Wheaton stood, gun in hand, with fixed bayonet. One says : "You are our prisoner." Wheaton replied that he
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THE FIFTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.
supposed so, for he saw no use in further resistance. Another says : "D-n him, let us shoot him !" and both raised their guns to fire. Wheaton, seeing this, thought he would sell his life as dearly as possible, made ready, and the three fired at once. One rebel fell dead : one ball passed through Wheaton's clothing, carrying away his canteen, and the other shattered his left hand, and glanced from his gun-barrel. The living rebel now made a bayonet thrust at Wheaton, which he dodged, and, before the grayback could recover, ran his bayonet through his heart.
Three rebels now lay dead at his feet ; and, seeing no more on that side of the house, he also jumped into the cotton, and concealed himself, thinking that the rebels might be driven back, and all could escape to our lines. But they had not this good fortune. Our troops were steadily driven back, and, two hours after, our boys were discovered, marched back to Monterey, and placed in a log house which was used for a hospital. Sergeant Wheaton and Job Davis of Company C- one of the boys who hid in the cotton-concluded that they would go no farther unless they were carried: so Davis bound up his leg with bloody bandages, made an artificial bullet-hole in his pants, and enacted the part of a soldier wounded in the leg. On Monday morning all the prisoners who could walk were ordered to fall in, and were marched off; but Wheaton and Davis, who appeared unable to march, were left behind : and, in the general stampede which ensued, when the rebel army was beaten on that day, they escaped in the confusion, and both reached our camp-Davis on Tuesday night and Wheaton on Wednesday.
Following the fight at Shiloh, the shattered remuant of the 58th was united with similar fragments of the 8th, the 12th and the 14th Iowa, and called the Union brigade. Three captains, G. W. Kittell and R. W. Healy, of the 58th, and Captain Fowler of the 12th Iowa were detailed to serve as field officers.
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HISTORY OF DE KALB COUNTY.
The Union brigade formed a part of the 2nd Division of the Army of the Tennessee, commanded by General Davies. The grand army commenced the advance upon Corinth on the 20th of April, and the 2nd Division served in the advance during the siege that followed. Being placed in the center of the line, the regiment was as much exposed and saw as much skirmishing as any portion of the army. It lost a number of good men who were killed and wounded.
Corinth was at last evacuated by the rebels, and our regi- ment followed the foe to Boonville, and then, as they seemed to have escaped us, returned to Corinth, where it remained doing garrison duty till October 3d, 1862, when the great battle of Corinth was fought and won. The rebels under Price, VanDorn and Vilapyne were severely whipped and fol- lowed up to Ripley.
Our 2nd Division was in the front of the battle on both days, and suffered severely. The division numbered only 3100 men, and of these they lost 1040 in killed, wounded and prisoners, of whom only fifty were prisoners. All the brigade commanders were either killed or wounded. The Union brig- ade had only 350 men engaged, and lost 110 killed and wounded and seven prisoners. Of the men of Company C, four were wounded, among them Sergeant J. C. Wright of Shabbona, who had his leg shattered by one ball and his arm broken by another. He was left on the field, and picked up by the enemy, who amputated his leg and dressed his wounds, but left him when they retreated. He was wounded on Fri- day, and was not found till Sunday night, and meantime had nothing to eat or drink.
After remaining at Corinth till December, the 58th was ordered to Springfield, Illinois, to reorganize and recruit, and remained guarding rebel prisoners and filling up its depleted ranks till June 20th, 1863, when it was sent to Cairo. One company was then sent to Mound City, and three-A, B and C-to Paducah, Ky., under command of Captain Kittell of Company C. Here they were constantly engaged in scouring
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FIFTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.
the country for bushwhackers, and had many startling adven- tures and hair-breadth escapes.
On the 28th of January, 1864, the regiment, which had been reunited at Cairo, started by steamer for Vicksburg. It was now in the 1st Brigade, 2nd Division of the 16th Army Corps, and under command of General A. J. Smith.
On the 2nd of February it started on Sherman's great raid to Meridian, returning March 6th, after having marched four hundred miles, destroyed one hundred miles of railroad, and had daily skirmishes with the enemy, in which it lost two wounded and six prisoners.
On the 10th of March, the 16th and 17th Army Corps left for Red river, where the troops were disembarked in the night of the 13th, and commenced a march across the country to Fort DeRussey. Arriving there at five o'clock in the after- noon, the fort was immediately stormed and captured by our 1st and 2nd Brigades, with a loss of sixty-five killed and wounded, the 58th regiment losing seven of the number. Next day it embarked for Alexandria, where the army awaited the arrival of General Banks from New Orleans.
Now, after many delays, commenced the grand expedition of General Banks up Red river. Accompanied by Commo- dore Porter's gunboats, the army proceeded, a part by land and a part by water, to Grand Ecore, at which point all fit for duty, disembarked and marched for Shreveport. The fleet, with the sick and disabled on board, proceeded up the river to the same destination.
On the 8th of April our army met the enemy at Sabine Cross-Roads, and suffered a repulse. Our forces were scat- tered along the road for twenty miles, the 13th Corps in the advance, the 19th following it, and the 16th Corps in the rear. Before assistance could arrive, the 13th was overpowered and driven from the field in great confusion, losing 500 killed and wounded, 1000 prisoners, 80 wagons and 18 pieces of artillery. Next day, however, we made a stand at Pleasant Hill, and won a handsome victory. Skirmishing commenced at daylight 35
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HISTORY OF DE KALB COUNTY.
and continued till five A. M., when the rebels, strongly rein- forced, made a desperate charge upon the center of our line ; and at the first fire, a brigade of eastern troops broke and ran. In a pine thicket at the left of this brigade the 58th was posted. It immediately changed front to the right, and charged upon the flank of the pursuing foe. The charge was so well executed, and so unexpected, that they faltered, turn- ed back, and, at a much quicker rate than they came, they turned and fled to the woods, closely pursued by the gallant little band. Here they turned, and were about surrounding our solitary regiment, when it fell back in good order to escape capture. While this was being done, our flying troops were rallied, our reserves brought up, a grand charge made by our whole line, and the enemy was routed and pursued till dark- ness put an end to the fight.
In this charge over over one thousand prisoners were cap- tured, the 58th taking more than its own number. In this action the 58th won great honor. General Stone says that but for the valor of this regiment, the battle of Pleasant Hill would have been a disastrous defeat. Its loss was 35 killed and wounded, of whom Company C lost only two wounded -a remarkably small loss, considering that, for over an hour, it was in a hand-to-hand fight, and that nearly every man had his clothing pierced with bullets.
To our great surprise, although the rebel army was routed, and running like frightened sheep, General Banks ordered a retreat before daylight next morning, leaving our dead and wounded, with several batteries of artillery, and the small arms of the numerous dead and wounded of both armies.
Two days of hard marching brought the army back to Grand Ecore, from whence we fought our way back to Alex- andria. Here the river, which had fallen since the gunboats ascended, was dammed to enable them to pass over the falls ; and two weeks were required to accomplish this work, during which time we were engaged in defending ourselves from rebel attacks, and collecting forage.
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FIFTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.
The 58th was frequently engaged in severe skirmishes, amounting almost to battles.
On the 14th we began fighting our way down the river again ; and, on the 18th, while Banks was crossing the Atch- afalaya, which was now very high, the 16th Corps lay at Yel- low Bayou, three miles distant, as rear guard. The rebels here drove in our pickets. General Mower now crossed the bayou and drove them back ; and the rebs in turn sent a large infantry force, with twenty pieces of artillery, which opened upon our corps at short range. General Smith now brought up three batteries of artillery, another brigade of infantry and some cavalry, to protect our left flank, and sent to General Banks for reinforcements, stating that the whole rebel army had attacked him, and that if he would send the 19th Corps to turn the enemy's right flank, a complete victory could be obtained. Banks answered that General Smith had gone into the fight without orders, and must get out the best he could. The enemy had taken a strong position behind a breastwork of rails. General Mower ordered a charge ; and, amid fearful slaughter, the rebels were driven out of their works and back to their reserves. In this charge Colonel Lynch of the 58th was wounded, and four color-bearers were successively shot down; but, as often as they fell, other hands were ready to take them, and bear them on to victory again.
The artillery now opened upon our forces more fiercely than ever; and a large force endeavored, amid sharp resist- ance from the cavalry, to turn our left flank. In fine order our forces now fell back and left the field they had so dearly won, carrying off all their wounded and most of their arms. The enemy followed up to their former breastworks; and, as soon as our wounded were removed, another charge was made upon them. This proved more desperate than the former : for they had formed a double line of battle, and were deter- mined to resist the charge. Our men swept over the breast- works like the rush of a tornado, and the rebels flew like leaves before the gale. In this last charge, four more of the
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