USA > Illinois > Jersey County > History of Jersey County, Illinois > Part 25
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Early in the spring of 1863, the regiment was ordered to the lines in front of Vicksburg, and took part in the siege of that stronghold, until its fall, July 4, 1863. After then, the command took part in the ex- pedition to Jackson, Miss., remaining there until the evacuation of that city. In August of that year, it proceeded to Natchez, and formed part of the force that marched across the swamps of northeastern Louisiana to Harrisonburg on the Ouachita River, and captured Fort Beauregard, where, the spring previous, the ram, "Queen of the West," had been sunk. It also took part in the famous Meridian campaign under Gen- cral Sherman, and on its return from that expedition, the regiment, or a large part of it, veteranized, although its time would have expired in a short period. After a short period of furlough to the beloved northland, they returned to the field refreshed, and anxious for the fray.
Gen. W. T. Sherman, with a force numbering a little less than 100,000 men, with 254 guns, in the spring of 1864, started on his ever memorable campaign to penetrate the heart of the Confederacy, draw off the attention of a large portion of the forces of the south, so that they could not reinforce the hard pressed army of Virginia. The country
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to be traversed was almost chaotic in its upheaval. Rugged mountains, deep, narrow ravines, thick, primitive woods, crossed by narrow, ill- made roads, succeeded each other for forty miles, when a like distance of comparatively open country intervened, only to be succeeded by an- other difficult region of mountains and ravines and passes, reaching nearly to the Chattahoochie River, across which, eight miles distant, lay the important city of Atlanta. The gallant band of heroes called the Fourteenth Illinois Infantry, still under the command of Colonel Hall, participated in all of the movements and engagements that led up to the siege of Atlanta, and honorably acquitted themselves in every place they were called upon to act the part of men.
While before Atlanta, the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Illinois regi- ments, which had been together from the autumn of 1862, sharers of each others' sorrows and joys, weary marches and honorably earned laurels, were consolidated into the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Illinois Veteran Battery, and were detailed to guard the railroad communica- tions at or near Ackworth, Ga., a most important and dangerous duty, as this was the only route by which the supplies for Sherman's army could be brought, and upon the preservation of which depended the subsistence and ammunition of this immense host. In this campaign, when the Confederate general Hood made his demonstration against the rear of Sherman's army, a large number of the battalion were killed, and a large part of the balance captured and sent to Andersonville prison pen. Those who escaped capture were mounted and accompanying Sherman on the ever memorable March to the Sea, acted as scouts, and were continually in the advance. They were the first to drive the Confederate pickets into Savannah, Ga. During- the long and weary march through North and South Carolina, this battalion was on duty day and night, being constantly in the presence of the enemy, and gained great notoriety as skillful scouts and skirmishers. They were the first to enter Cheraw, S. C., and later Fayetteville, N. C., and took part in the battle of Bennington, N. C.
At Goldsboro, N. C., the battalion organization was discontinued, - a sufficient number of organized recruits, of the one year men, having arrived by way of New York and Morehead City, N. C., to fill up the two regiments. Colonel Hall was again assigned to the command of his old regiment, the Fourteenth. After the capitulation of Johnston, the regiment marched to Washington, D. C., where it participated in the well remembered Review.
It afterwards was transported by rail and steamboat to Louisville,
Louise R. Lock.
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Ky., thence by river to Fort Leavenworth, Kas. From this place they marched to Fort Kearney, Neb., and then back. It was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth, Kas., September 16, 1865, and arrived at Spring- field, Ill., where the men received their discharge. The aggregate number of men who belonged to this favorite regiment was 1,980, and only 480 were mustered out.
During the four years and four months of arduous service, this regiment marched 4,490 miles, traveled by rail 2,330 miles, and by river 4,490 miles, making in all a grand total of 11,670 miles.
The men from Jersey County who served in the Fourteenth regi- ment were as follows: Company F, captains, M. S. Littlefield, and John D. Moore; first lieutenants, William H. Scott, T. H. Simmons, and I. B. Stafford; sergeants, A. W. Mendenhall, J. A. Davis, William H. Patton, I. B. Stafford, and T. H. Leonard; corporals, J. M. Drew, J. A. Eberman, J. W. Smith, G. R. Pinckard, R. R. Aullabaugh, William, Catt, J. H. Umphreys, and Brook Stafford; musicians, George Adams and D. P. Smutz. The privates were as follows: George Arke- bauer, J. D. Beck, J. L. Brockus, W. W. Berry, Jackson Davis, W. J. Elliott, M. W. Free, O. S. Greene, Franklin Hoag, John Halloran, Alonzo James, S. B. Leonard, T. S. Milliken, Newton Miller, John D. Moore, J. V. Parker, Isaac Rowdan, Charles Rudolph, W. W. Slaten, S. C. Smith, Sr., T. H. Strode, G. W. Vinson, Eliphalet Brower, Edward Brewer, Nicholas Grosjean, Jacob Gill, W. C. Jennegan, J. W. Lane, J. L. Leonard, Franklin McBain, J. R. McGuire, Wyatt Moore, James North, W. E. Pitt, L. P. Richards, W. D. Roody, T. S. Short, James Austin, Mahlon Bright, Ludwig Vallard, Lionel Craig, E. G. Davidson, E. J. Estes, J. G. Freeman, W. A. Hoag, M. J. Hull, John Johnessee, John Keys, Joseph Leigh, John Monk, William Moore, T. A. Price, Alexander Roland, James Rowdan, A. P. Richards, David Stover, S. C. Smith, Jr., G. W. Taylor, Nathaniel Ware, Emory Brewer, G. L. Bigelow, David Gosling, Herman Heberick, J. Q. Jennings, Matthew Loran, Asbury Mott, Patrick Murry, James Moore, C. F. Miner, S. S. Price, Moses Roady, W. P. Randle, John Smith, Patrick Tracy and J. R. Barnes. In Company D, Fourteenth Regiment there were two privates, J. L. Leonard, and J. R. McGuire. In Company E, there were two men, Stephen Della Cella and Barney McDonald.
EIGHTEENTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
The men from Jersey County in the Eighteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, were six in number, and all served in Company E of that
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regiment. They were as follows: John Pegues, T. J. Bean, T. E. Roberts, T. E. Hughes, Samuel Thoads and E. E. Rhoads.
TWENTY-SECOND ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
In Company B, Twenty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, there were the following Jersey County men: W. H. Edsall, W. A. Butler, John Moore, W. D. Wadlington, Angus McPherson, James F. Crissup, William Sackett and S. E. Jones.
TWENTY-SEVENTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
The Twenty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry was organized with only seven companies at Camp Butler, Springfield, Ill., August 10, 1861, and ordered to Jacksonville, as a part of the brigade of Gen. John A. McClernard. The officers of the regiment were as follows : Colonel, Napoleon B. Buford; lieutenant colonel, Frazillo A. Harring- ton ; major, Hall Wilson ; adjutant, Henry A. Rust.
On September 1, 1861, the regiment proceeded under orders to Cairo, where three additional companies were added, and all moved to the scene of hostilities, and first smelt powder at Belmont, on Novem- ber 7, 1861, where the regiment bore a prominent part and suffered heavily. On the evacuation of Columbus, Ky., the Twenty-seventh was sent there to do garrison duty. On March 14, 1862, in company with the Forty-second Illinois, the Eighteenth Wisconsin, and parts of the Second Illinois Light Artillery and the Second Illinois Cavalry, it was formed into what was called the Mississippi flotilla, started down the Mississippi River, and remained during the siege of Island No. 10, the Twenty-seventh being the first federal force to land upon the island after its capture.
After crossing the river, the regiment was moved to Fort Pillow, but was recalled and ordered to Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., and was engaged in the siege of Corinth and the battle of Farmington, May 9, 1862, and followed in pursuit of the enemy to Booneville. It then retraced its steps to Corinth, where it remained for some time. In July, 1862, the regiment received orders to proceed to Iuka, and soon afterwards was distributed along the line of the Memphis and Charles- ton Railroad, where it remained until the early part of September, when it crossed the Tennessee River, at Decatur, Ala., under the com- mand of Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer, and pushing on made a rapid and
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forced march to Nashville, Tenn., where it arrived September 12, and where it remained during the time it was cut off from communication with the north.
The Twenty-seventh was also with the advance from Nashville, Tenn., and particularly distinguished itself at the battle of Stone River. On June 24, 1863, it moved with the army against Shelbyville and Tullahoma, and thence to Bridgeport, Ala. On September 2, the eorps crossed the Tennessee River, and moved down toward Rome, Ga., below Chattanooga and returned in time to take part in the pursuit of Bragg. For some time General Rosecrans had been gathering a large body of men at Nashville, and had, by threatening the line of communication, caused Gen. Braxton Bragg to evacuate Chattanooga, September 8. General Roseerans, under the impression that General Bragg's forces in retreat were demoralized, pushed on in his rear, but the Confederate commander, who was an able one, receiving heavy reinforcements, turned and met his pursuer. This he did with so much suddenness and feroeity, that the Union forces narrowly escaped being eut up in detail, as they were scattered along the line forty miles in length. General Rosecrans, who was on hand, rapidly concentrated his forces, and the two armies met at Chickamauga Creek.
The first day's engagement, although a hot one, was indecisive, and on the second day, September 20, 1863, dawn had scarcely come ere the roar of artillery, and the sharp rattle of musketry awoke the slumbering echoes of the "River of Death," the Indian name of the creek bearing that interpretation. All the forenoon the battle raged with unparalleled fury, but about noon the federal line was broken for a few moments by the passing of troops to the then hard pressed left. General Longstreet, of the Confederate army, seized the oppor- tunity, and, hurling the necessary forces on the weakened eenter, soon swept it and the right wing from the field. The demoralized fugitives, in their headlong flight, carried off General Rosecrans with them. All now depended upon General Thomas, who had command of the left wing, which yet stood steadfast.
All through that long afternoon, the Confederate army surged around that band of heroes, a body of brave men, commanded by as brave a general, who, by the firmness of their front, earned for General Thomas the proud sobriquet of the "Rock of Chickamauga." The Twenty-seventh suffered severely during the fight, and with the balance of the army fell back to Chattanooga, where it remained during the investment of that plaee, for Bragg, following the retreating forces,
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occupied the surrounding hills, threatening the city and garrison with starvation.
Grant was now appointed to supersede General Rosecrans, and hastened to Chattanooga, but being afraid that General Thomas, who commanded after Roseerans had left, would surrender before re-enforce- ments could reach him, telegraphed him to hold fast. The old Roman's reply was, "I will stay until I starve." On Grant's arrival things began to wear a different aspeet. A corps from the Army of the Potomae, 23,000 strong, came, commanded by Gen. Joseph Hooker, and Gen. W. T. Sherman hastened by forced marehes from Iuka, 200 miles away, and communieations were again restored.
On November 24, the Twenty-seventh was ordered on duty, and helped fight what will ever be the memorable battle of Lookout Mountain. General Hooker was ordered to charge the enemy, but to stop on high ground, but the men, carried away by the ardor of the attack, swept on, over the erest, driving the enemy before them. The next morning Hooker advanced on the south of Missionary Ridge. Sherman had been the whole time pounding away on the northern flank, and Grant, pereeiving that the enemy line in front of him was weakening to repel these attacks on the flank, saw that the eritical moment had arrived, and launched Sherman's eorps on the center.
"The signals for the attack had been arranged," says B. F. Taylor, in his account of the battle, "six eannon shoes fired at intervals of two seconds. The moment arrived. Strong and steady the order rang out : 'No. 1 fire! No. 2 fire! No. 3 fire!' It seemed to me like the toll- ing of the cloek of destiny. And when at 'No. 6 fire,' the roar throbbed out with the flash, you should have seen the dead line, that had been lying behind the works all day, come to resurrection in the twinkling of an eye, and leap like a blade from its seabbard."
The orders were to take the rifle pits at the foot of Missionary Ridge, then halt and reform ; but the men forgot all orders, and carrying the works at the base, swept up the aseent. Grant caught the grand inspiration, and ordered a charge along the whole front. Up they went,' without firing a shot, over rocks, trees, and stumps, surmounted the crest, captured the guns, and turned them upon the enemy, now fully routed and in disorderly retreat. Although the Twenty-seventh held its accustomed place in these battles, it lost only a few men.
From Missionary Ridge, the regiment was called upon to make a foreed march to the relief of Knoxville, then closely pressed by the Confederate forces under General Longstreet, but by the time it reached
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the beleaguered city, the enemy had been repulsed. It then returned to Loudon, Tenn., arriving there January 25, 1864, and going into camp, remained there until April 18, when orders were received that caused it to move to Cleveland, Tenn. While at this place General Sherman was collecting his forces and organizing his army for the descent upon Atlanta, and the subsequent March to the Sea, and the Twenty- seventh Illinois was ordered to join the invading force, which it did. .At Rocky Face Ridge, May 9; Resaca, May 14; Calhoun, May 16; Adairsville, May 17; Dallas, May 26 to June 4, Pine Top Mountain, June 10 to June 14; Mud Creek, June 18, and at Kenesaw Mountain, this gallant regiment performed prodigies of valor and wrung from a defeated enemy the highest encomiums.
At the battle of Peach Tree Creek, July 20, the Twenty-seventh was in line, and to quote the words of Greeley in his history of the war: "These soldiers stood as still as though bullet-proof." The regiment was relieved from duty at the front, August 25, 1864, and ordered to Springfield, Ill., for mustering out, but was detained for a couple of days at Nashville, Tenn., on the way home on account of apprehensions felt in that city, of an attack by the cavalry columns under General Wheeler. It then proceeded to the capital of Illinois, where it was mustered out September 25, 1864.
During the term of service it had the following casualties: Killed or died of wounds, 102; died of disease, eighty; number of wounded, 328; discharged and resigned, 209; transferred, thirty-nine. The veterans and recruits of the Twenty-seventh were consolidated with the Ninth Illinois Infantry, on their comrades leaving for home.
The men from Jersey County who served in the Twenty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry were as follows: Company D, second lieutenant, J. W. Brock; first sergeant, A. L. Miller ; privates, William Balcomb, W. D. Bell, Nes. Hartley, J. K. P. Kennedy, William Muncy, John Mill, William Trimble, J, W. Bell, G. W. Braydon, W. H. Howard, A. J. Johnson, Vinton Larabee, Edward Paugh, Frank Tower- ville, B. F. Ward, J. S. Brigg, W. L. Green, William Hurk, Charles Lewis, Frank Mott, John Shedler, George Utt, LaFayette Boyles, J. HI. Davis, R. P. Hartley, John Kennedy, Henry McIntire, B. F. Reynolds, John Ward, J. T. White and Herman White. Company F. sergeant, D. D. Fisher; corporal, Charles Whitney; privates, C. F. Daudridge, John Hyndman, J. C. Martin, W. C. Nelson, Alfred Ryal, A. A. Smith, W. R. Wood, W. F. Talley, J. W. Darlington, J. W.
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Miller, J. P. Martin, N. B. Philbrick, Anthony Shield, J. R. Talley, Francis Harrington, and A. T. Talley.
THIRTY-FIRST ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
The one man of Jersey County serving in the Thirty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry was Benjamin Strickland of Company I.
THIRTY-SECOND ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
Jersey County was represented in Company D, Thirty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry by the following men : Corporal, J. E. Han- nah ; and privates Henry Hardy, William Pickett, and Fields Strapps.
THIRTY-THIRD ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
The men from Jersey County in the Thirty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry were in Company C, and as follows: J. C. Bailey, Leander Curtiss, J. K. P. Kennedy, J. H. Land, J. S. Malott, Jeremiah O'Don- nell, M. E. Stringham, J. L. Wilson, H. W. Beck, Linus Humiston, J. W. Lucas, J. A. McGee, Robert Murphy, H. H. Sisson, H. C. Terry, and James Whitaker.
FORTY-SEVENTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
Jersey County's contribution of the ranks of the Forty-seventh Illi- nois Volunteer Infantry were Rufus Marks of Company F; and Patrick O'Brian of Company K.
FIFTY-THIRD ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
There were two men from Jersey County serving in the Fifty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, namely : Joel Andrews and John Arbogast, both of Company C.
FORTY-NINTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
The men from Jersey County in the Forty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry were in Company G, and as follows: Second lieutenant, Joseph Lucas ; sergeant, Joseph Lucas; corporal, Henry Spangle ; and privates, John Egan and William Gibbs.
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FIFTY-NINTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
Jersey County's contingent in the Fifty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry were in Company I, and as follows: Jacob Luba, Alonzo Ma- cumber, Alonzo Perry, and Isaac Tuller.
SIXTY-FIRST ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
For a history of the Sixty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, reference is made to Lieut. Leander Stilwell's "History of a Common Soldier," published in 1917, copies of which are in the Illinois and Jersey County Historical libraries. Lieutenant Stilwell enlisted January 6, 1862, at Carrollton, Ill., and served in the Sixty-first regiment until it was mus- tered out September 27, 1865.
"The Story of a Common Soldier" deals with army life during the Civil War, as also does the interesting diary of Stephen E. Beck, Com- pany C, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. These men were both reared and educated in the Otter Creek community, and attended the Hamilton Primary School.
In the opening chapter of Judge Leander Stilwell's book, he says : "I was born September 16, 1843, in Otter Creek precinct, Jersey County, Ill. I was living with my parents in the little old log house, where I was born, when the Civil War began."
He enlisted in the Sixty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Company D, on January 6, 1862; re-enlisted for three years, February 1, 1864; was honorably discharged and mustered out of the service as a first lieutenant, at Camp Butler, Springfield, Ill., September 27, 1865, arriving at his home in Otter Creek Township, the next day. Later he attended the Albany Law School, and was admitted to the bar. He removed to Kansas in 1867, and settled at Erie, Neosha County, in that state, where he practiced his profession for several years; was clected to the legislature, and later as district judge, which latter office he held for more than twenty years. Still later, he was first assistant commissioner of pensions at Washington, D. C., being ap- pointed for four years during President Taft's administration. At the end of his book, he concludes as follows :
"In conclusion, I will say that in civil life people have been good to me. I have been honored with different positions of trust, im- portance and responsibility, and which I have reason to believe I have filled to the satisfaction of the public; I am proud of the fact of
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having been deemed worthy to fill these different places, but while that is so, I will further say, in absolute sincerity, that to me my humble career as a soldier in the Sixty-first Illinois during the war for the Union, is the record that I prize the highest of all, and is the \ proudest recollection of my life."
Jersey County furnished the following men to the celebrated Sixty- first Illinois Volunteer Infantry : Colonels, Jacob Fry and Jerome B. Nulton; assistant surgeon, George H. Knapp; chaplains, Rev. E. Rutledge and Rev. B. B. Hamilton ; Company A, privates, Alfred Cope- land, John Roberts, J. 'M. Manning, W. H. McCoy, J. M. Shaw, and J. S. Walpole; Company B, privates, Levi Kemper; Company C, captains, Warren Ihrie, J. T. Hesstr; first lieutenants, J. T. Hesser, M. S. Parker, and J. W. Judd; second lieutenants, J. T. Hesser, J. W. Judd, M. S. Parker, Henry Nevius, and John Cooley; privates, R. M. Allen, Henry Bell, W. P. Bates, W. H. Cook, J. H. Campbell, T. H. Chadwell, R. P. Chism, John Carson, Bark Connor, F. M. Dodson, T. N. Dallis, John Enule, Edgar Embly, W. B. Finicye, John Francis, William Gaul, E. C. Gallagher, W. M. Grather, Orange Handling, J. W. Judd, William Linnel, J. P. Loney, M. H. Nott, Leonard Martin, G. L. Briggs J. B. Beale, J. W. Bates, J. H. Cyter, John Cooley, James Cass, J. B. Crain, Frederick Collip, Amos Davis, Jacob Dehner, William Edington, William Elmore, John R. Faulkner, G. B. Ferguson, J. B. Forbes, J. S. Goff, W. R. Griffin, E. E. Hall, Nelson Hegans, Charles Jackson, J. W. Lee, John Martin, B. F. Minor, L. J. Minor, O. T. Myrick, Patrick Mack, J. D. McQuiddy, Henry Nevius, Coleman Ohler, W. F. Post, Commodore Perry, J. T. Piggott, J. H. Reed, Samuel Slover, Joseph Smith, J. B. Stone, William Todrang, I. N. Vinson, J. P. Welch, Hugh Yuard, Alexander Cope, Theodore Dodson, Joseph Hesser, H: F. Milford, B. H. Pritchall, B. C. Milford, William McDow, Edward Nugent, J. N. Nichols, Matthew O'Reilly, M. S. Parker, William Powers, Richard Robbins, J. C. Savage, W. H. Sweeney, G. W. Sansom, J. F. Schuller, J. L. Thurston, J. F. Went- . worth, T. H. Chism, John Conoway, S. P. Erwin, John Machel, Oliver Piper, J. F. Scroggins, and H. L. Slaten; Company D, captain, J. H. Reddish; first lieutenants, J. H. Reddish, Leander Stillwell; second lieutenants, W. M. Reddish, Leander Stillwell, E. W. Wallace, C. H. Oberdeik; privates, B. F. Austin, A. P. Allenden, Tillman Bethell, Lemuel Brewer, I. W. Bartlett, F. S. Burnham, J. M. Carroll, James Ellifrity, John Eldridge, T. M. Gates, E. H. Green, W. M. Gunther, A. J. Harris, B. F. Harvill, J. G. Hutchinson, John Jobson, Hugh
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Karr, J. E. Robinson, Henry Lippert, J. P. Miller, Henry Minor, Braxton Murphy, Ezekial Montgomery, F. J. Albert, L. W. Bethall, J. A. Barton, R. C. Bingham, Almon Burris, M. B. Corbin, Emanuel Dabbs, Isaac Ellifrity, A. B. Fillay, F. M. Gates, William Donell, Hiram Holliday, J. W. Harvill, Edward Hall, F. M. Hill, C. J. Karr, William King, Samuel Leavitt, William Lee, W. J. Miller, Jackson Medford, James McQuiddy, C. H. Oberdeike, John Richey, James Scott, James Schooley, Leander Stillwell, W. C. Smith, E. W. Wallace, Jonathan Burns, W. B. Burgess, Jr., William Banfield, L. N. Chap- man, James Dougherty, David Gilbert, Michael Golden, Q. A. Hull, Joel Powell, James Sapp, Samuel Smith, Albert Schultz, Jasper Tim- mons, Ephraim Timmons, William Worthy, B. W. Burgess, Sr., John Banfield, Ackron Barrows, John Duggan, William S. Fowler, A. J. Goss, J. J. Hill, Silas Inards, Daniel Rowden, and S. D. Ralston ; Company G, second lieutenant, John Powell; privates, W. A. Barber, F. M. Frickwell, John Powell, W. L. Quigley, G. L. Scroggins, J. H. Lofton, Leroy Stephenson, Aaron Briscoe, Simon Grasley, John Lofton, G. F. Blake, Charles Kelch, S. M. Johnessee, L. R. Sturman, G. W. Turpin, John Powell, J. W. Turpin, John Grimm, N. H. Jones, S. R. Roundtree, and William Withrow; Company H, privates, Alexander Campbell, G. F. Grotts, Aaron Pruitt, G. W. Turnpaw, Charles Blakely, Joseph Falkner, Robert Lyons, S. M. Richey, William Talbert, and Joseph Hollen; Company K, privates, William Shepley, Isaac Litural, William Bratton and Napoleon Grimm.
SIXTY-SECOND ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
Two men represented Jersey County in the Sixty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, they being Samuel McClure and John Pollock of Company C.
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