USA > Illinois > Marshall County > Records of the olden time; or, Fifty years on the prairies. Embracing sketches of the discovery, exploration and settlement of the country, the organization of the counties of Putnam and Marshall, biographies of citizens, portraits and illustrations > Part 8
USA > Illinois > Putnam County > Records of the olden time; or, Fifty years on the prairies. Embracing sketches of the discovery, exploration and settlement of the country, the organization of the counties of Putnam and Marshall, biographies of citizens, portraits and illustrations > Part 8
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Gorham & Durley obtained the contract for Wm. C. Flagg, a promi- nent contractor and builder of the Bloomington, Ottawa, and other court houses. The building cost $14,000.
The temporary court house ordered constructed September 2, 1833, was not completed and occupied until December, 1835, and in the June following it was formally accepted in behalf of the county, by James G. Patterson, Commissioner. The new building being now well under way, the temporary one was offered for sale almost immediately upon its completion.
THE RECORDS OF DEEDS.
In early times deeds were not as promptly recorded as now. The fact that a man had given a warranty deed to a tract of land was accepted as conclusive evidence of his right to do so. The title was still in the United States Government for the great body of land in the country, and the con- veyances from one individual to another were few. When a settler had ac- quired his "patent " he felt safe enough, and was content to exhibit this unquestionable proof of his ownership, the very highest title known. The precious document was safer with the proprietor of the land it de- scribed than elsewhere, and these "patents" were seldom placed upon record,-not one in fifty ever finding its way to the Recorder's office, at. least for years after. There was little danger of the Government issuing
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TRANSFERS OF REAL ESTATE-COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.
two patents for the same land, and the man in possession had the " nine points" of the law.
Until possible cities began to be thought of, there was but little chang- ing of titles among the people. The pioneer having made his claim through much hardship and toil, regarded it as his future homestead, and was loth to part with it.
The first conveyance on record in Putnam County is a deed from Robert Bird and wife to John Strawn, for a piece of the north end of the north-east fractional quarter of Section 35, Town 30, Range 3 west, in Columbia (Lacon), August 15, 1831, for $38.00, acknowledged before Colby F. Stevenson, Notary Public. This was followed by other convey- ances of town lots here and there, and now and then a certificate of entry, for its better preservation, for its loss was a serious obstacle to getting the coveted "patent." About 1834, Eastern capitalists were attracted to the West as affording new and profitable fields for speculation, and occasionally a deed turned up for a township or so of land, bought " unsight unseen." July 30, 1834, we find a deed for forty-six quarter sections of land, from Southwick Shaw to Dr. Benjamin Shurtliff, of Bos- ton, for $4,500,-7,360 acres. Also, another from Humphrey Howland to Arthur Mott, for sixty-four quarter sections, or 10,240 acres, for $8,320. Another from John Tillson, Jr., to Walter Bicker, of 18,040 acres, for $8,000. One dated October 7, 1834, from John Tillson, Jr., to Walter Mead, for 30,360 acres, and another to Mead for 57,910 acres, June 30, 1835. The largest deed, however, is dated December 7, 1835, from Stephen B. Munn and wife to Charles F. Moulton, for $220,000, and conveys several counties of land. The descriptions in this deed occupy twenty-three pages of the record.
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS' COURT.
The old financial court of the county, the simple and inexpensive sys- tem of county government, which for the sole reason of its economy, has many advocates as against the cumbrous, half legislative body called the "Board of Supervisors," first met "in special session" at Hennepin, April 2d, 1831. Present-"The Hon. Thomas Gallaher," Judge of the Pro- bate Court, and George Ish and John M. Gay, " Associate Justices of the Peace," for such were the high sounding titles of those gentlemen of that day. Hooper Warren was appointed Clerk.
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RECORDS OF THE OLDEN TIME.
Ira Ladd had been elected Sheriff of the new county, but his commis- sion not having arrived to give him such power as the court. could confer, "he was appointed to discharge the duties of the office of Sheriff of said county till said commission should come"! He was also requested to designate the place of holding this honorable court, which he did by selecting a place in the woods on the river bank! He was likewise re- quired to furnish a table, benches, and stationery for the court!
On the 6th of June the Commissioners' met, and heard the report of Joel Wright, John Hamlin, and Isaac Perkins, Commissioners to lo- cate the seat of justice of Putnam County, which was ordered filed. It fixed the honor upon the south-west fractional quarter of Section 9, Town 32, Range 2 west.
The Court having examined said report, find that the Commissioners have made a mistake in the quarter section, and directed the County Sur- veyor to examine the levies of said quarter section and report.
Thornton Wilson, Geo. Hildebrand and John Whittaker were ap- pointed the first School Trustees in the county, for the school section in their neighborhood-Section 16, Town 31, Range 1 west.
Also, on the petition of Wm. Smith and nineteen others, John B. Dodge, Charles Boyd and Sylvanus Moore were appointed Commissioners to locate a road from Hennepin to Smith's Ford, on Spoon River, and required to meet and begin their labors July 4th, 1831.
June 17th, 1831, the Court, on the petition of Christopher Hannum and seventeen others, appointed Ashael Hannum, John Strawn and Ira Ladd to locate a road from Hennepin to the county line between Taze- well and Putnam Counties.
The first tax levied in the county was fixed by the Commissioners' Court at one-half of one per cent on personal property only, for county purposes.
James W. Willis was appinted the first County Treasurer, and his bond required to be one thousand dollars. Thomas Wafer, Samuel D. Laughlin and Stephen D. Willis became sureties, and the bond accepted.
The county was at this term divided into four election precincts, viz: Sandy-Including all the county south of the south branch of Clear Creek to the Illinois River.
Hennepin-All the county south-east of the Illinois River, and north of the above mentioned line.
Spoon River-To include all of the county south of the direct line
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THE FIRST ELECTION IN PUTNAM COUNTY.
from the head of Crow Prairie to Six Mile Grove, thence north-west to the county line.
Bureau-All of the county north-east of the above and northwest of the Illinois River.
THE FIRST ELECTION.
The first election after the organization of the county was held August 1st, 1834, and the officers to be elected were, a Member of Con- gress, a Justice of the Peace or Magistrate, as they were known, and a Constable for each precinct. The vote was small, and was taken by each elector calling the name of the party for whom he desired to cast his bal- lot, which the clerk reported, and, along with his name, inscribed in the poll book. This is what is termed voting "viva voce." We give for the benefit of their descendants a list of persons who voted at that election:
SANDY PRECINCT.
Judges- Wm. Cowan, Ashael Hannum and John Strawn. Election held at the houses of Jesse Roberts, John H. Shaw and Abner Boyle. The voters were: Ashael Hannum, Wm. Cowan, John Strawn,. George H. Shaw, Abner Boyle, Lemuel Gaylord, William Hart, Lemuel Horram, Robert Bird, Wm. Hendrick, John Knox, James Finley, George Hilde- brand, Hiram Allen, Daniel Gunn, Zion Shugart, Jesse Roberts, Isaac Hildebrand, John S. Hunt, William Eads, Wmn. H. Hart, John Hart, Ephraim Smith, Peter Hart, Obed Graves, Hartwell Hawley, William Graves, Wm. Lathrop, Jesse Berge, Ezekiel Stacey, Litel Kneal, William Hawes, Wm. Knox, Marcus D. Stacey, J. C. Wright, Thos. Gunn, John Bird, Samuel Glenn, Elias Thompson, Robert Barnes, James Adams and John G. Griffith-42.
HENNEPIN PRECINCT.
The Judges of Election were: Thornton Wilson, Aaron Payne and George B. Willis; Smiley Shepherd and John Short, Clerks. Election at the ferry house, opposite the mouth of Bureau Creek.
The voters were: James W. Willis, Ira Ladd, Hooper Warren, Chris- topher Wagner, David Boyle, James C. Stephenson, Samuel McNamara, Alexander Wilson, John McDonald, Win. H. Hamm, John Griffin, James G. Dunlavy, Colby T. Stephenson, James A. Warnock, John E. Warnock,
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RECORDS OF THE OLDEN TIME.
Jeremiah Strawn, Aaron Whittaker, Aaron Thomasson, Aaron Payne, Jos. Warnock, Stephen D. Willis, Madison Studyvin, Samuel D. Laughlin, Hugh Warnock, Anthony Turck, Jonathan Wilson, Joseph Wallace, James Garven, George Ish, Joseph D. Warnock, Robert W. Moore, James G. Ross, James Hayes, John L. Ramsey, Williamson Durley, Thos. D. Hayless, Thornton Wilson, John Short, George B. Wilson, Smiley Shep- herd, James S. Simpson-41.
SPOON RIVER DISTRICT.
Judges-Wm. Smith, Greenleaf Smith and Wm. B. Essex; John C. Owing and Benj. Smith, Clerks. Election at the house of Benj. Smith.
The voters were: W. D. Garrett, Sewell Smith, John B. Dodge, Syl- vanus Moore, Benj. Essex, Thomas Essex, Thomas Essex, Jr., David Cooper, Harris W. Miner, Isaac B. Essex, - Greenleaf, B. Smith, Wm. Smith, Benj. Smith, John C. Owings-14.
BUREAU PRECINCT.
Judges -Henry Thomas, Elijah Epperson, and Leonard Roth, at the house of E. Epperson.
The voters were : Henry Thomas, Elijah Epperson, Leonard Roth, John M. Gay, Mason Dimmick, Samuel Gleason, Curtis Williams, Justice Ament, John Ament, John W. Hall, Henry M. Harrison, Abner Strat- ton, Elijah Thomas, Hezekiah Epperson, Edward W. Hall, Adam Tay- lor, Daniel Dunnic, Thomas Washburn and Anthony Epperson.
In all the precincts there were but one hundred and sixteen votes cast.
SOURCES OF REVENUE, SURVEYS, ETC.
By order of the County Court, all business men were required to take out licenses, for which fees were charged according to their supposed profits. Peddlers were looked on with suspicion, and a fee was exacted double that required of the merchant, who could secure one while court was in session for eight dollars, but in vacation the Clerk was directed to assess sixteen. This we suppose was to make men respect the Court's dignity.
The county being hard up, George Ish and Thomas Gallaher were au- thorized to borrow $200 on its credit, to purchase the land of the United
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SALE OF LOTS AT PUBLIC AUCTION.
. States Government upon which the State had located the seat of justice, but here a new difficulty arose; for County Surveyor Stevenson having, in accordance with the request of the Court, surveyed the fractional quar- ter section upon which the Commissioners had located the new county- seat, and found it to contain only twelve acres - far too little for the future great metropolis,-the Court appointed John M. Gay to proceed to the residence of any two of said Commissioners and get them to alter their report so as to include the south-east quarter, or else to shake a new location. They were easily persuaded to amend it in accord- ance with the merits of the case; so they designated the south-east fractional quarter of Section 9, Town 32, Range 2 west as the future seat of justice, and George Ish was sent to Springfield to enter the same at the Government Land Office, for the benefit of the County of Putnam.
September 5, 1831, John B. Dodge, Thomas Gunn, William Smith and Thomas G. Ross, having been elected Constables in August, pre- sented their bonds, and the same were approved.
September 6, Dunlavy & Stewart took out a license to sell merchand- ise from August 1, 1831; also a like legal authority to sell goods was granted to J. & W. Durley, from August 11, 1831.
September 7, 1831, twelve blocks of the future town of Hennepin were ordered to be surveyed, and Ira Ladd allowed eighteen and three- fourths cents per lot for surveying.
A road leading from Hennepin west to the State road from Peoria to Galena, was ordered to be surveyed ; also a road to Smith's Ford, on Spoon River, to be re-surveyed and marked, and another to be laid out from Hennepin to Holland's settlement in Tazewell County (now Washington); another was laid out from the county seat to the McComas place.
The first sale of lots in Hennepin was ordered to be made, at public auction, on the third Monday of September, 1831, half the purchase money to be paid down, and the balance in two payments, in six and twelve months. A general sale was ordered to take place on the first Monday of December, 1831, on similar terms, to be advertised in the newspapers at Springfield and Galena, Illinois, and Terre Haute, Indiana, the then most considerable papers in the west.
The first Commissioner of School Lands was Nathaniel Chamberlain, who was appointed September 26, 1831.
The ground where the new town was located was heavily timbered, if we may credit the following notice "from the Court," which "Ordered,
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RECORDS OF THE OLDEN TIME.
that notice be given to all persons cutting timber on the streets of Henne- pin, to clear the whole tree they cut down from the street even with the ground, and all who infringe upon this rule will be prosecuted."
Ira Ladd was next called upon to survey eight additional blocks, and lie complied by laying out eighteen, for which he was paid $3.50. Sam- uel Patterson was auctioneer at this sale, and was allowed the surprising sum of one dollar for " crying " them.
December 8, 1831, George H. Shaw, Thomas Wafer, Elijah Smith and Benjamin Smith were appointed Overseers of the Poor-the first in this county. The same day the Court confirmed a permit issued in vacation to James S. Simpson, to sell goods; and also tranferred a license from Ira Ladd to Thomas Hartzell, for merchandizing.
March 6, 1832, James W. Willis was appointed Treasurer, and filed his bond at the same time.
Up to March 7, 1832, all efforts had failed to acquire title to the land set apart as the seat of justice, and a new endeavor was made.
The taxes of 1832 were fixed at one and a half per centum on all per- sonal property.
At this session of the Court, Erastus Wright and Win. Porter, who were running a ferry at the mouth of Sandy Creek, were taxed $5.00 for the privilege. This was March 16, 1832, and was probably the first ferry established at Henry.
July 2, 1832, the Precinct of Columbia was created out of Sandy Pre- cinct, and embracing "all the country east of the Illinois River, south and south-west of Geo. H. Thompson's. Robert Bird, James Dever and Rob- ert Barnes were appointed judges, and the first election was ordered to be held at the house of John Strawn.
No title to the land where Hennepin stands had yet been acquired, although Hooper Warren had specially visited Springfield for the pur- pose, and at the July session James G. Dunlavy was dispatched to St. Louis upon the same errand.
Elisha Swan was granted a license to sell goods at Columbia, Septem- ber 3, 1832.
James W. Willis, for assessing the entire property of the county, was allowed $25.00.
September 3, 1832, Thomas Gallaher, Jr., for selling goods without a license, was brought before Hooper Warren, a Justice of the Peace, and fined $10.00.
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FERRY RATES-PUBLIC SCHOOLS-ROADS ..
September 10, 1832, Aaron Whittaker was employed to build a "stray pen, according to law."
John Lloyd, John Myers, and Bradstreet M. Hays were appointed to locate a road from Hennepin to Ottawa, and a former survey on that route was ordered to be vacated.
The Commissioners of Peoria County having granted a license, De- cember 3, 1830, to Thompson & Wright to keep a ferry at the mouth of Sandy Creek (Henry), the Commissioners of Putnam, October 6, 1'832, .ordered the same continued in the name of E. Wright and Win. Porter, who seem to have in some way succeeded the former owners.
The new ferrymen were required to pay to the county $2.00, and give bonds in the sum of $100 that they would run the ferry according to law and the following ferry rates :
Foot passengers, each.
6} cents.
Man and horse 12} 66
Dearborn, or one-horse wagon. 25 66
Sulky, gig, pleasure carriage with springs, chaise or other wheel car- 50 66
riage drawn by one horse
Same, or wagon or cart drawn by two horses or beasts 37} 66
Same, by four horses or beasts 75 66
Each additional horse 61
Each head of cattle 61
66
Hog, sheep or goat, each 3
66
Goods, per 100 pounds 6}
When the water is out of its banks, double the above rates.
Ira Ladd was authorized to keep the Hennepin ferry.
October 6, 1832, it was ordered that a lot be donated in Hennepin for the benefit of the public schools, and lot 17 of block 7 having been se- lected, the same was deeded to the school district.
October 6, 1832, a road was ordered surveyed from Columbia (Lacon) past Strawn's and Dever's places, south to the county line of Putnam and Tazewell. John Robinson, Anthony Turck, and B. M. Hays, Com- missioners.
October 6, 1832, "Lemuel Gaylord came before the Court and made affidavit that he was aged sixty-seven years; that he entered the service of the United States Government for one Ithurial Hart, of the Quarter- master's Department, under command of Captain Tuttle, in June, 1780; continued till December, 1780; re-enlisted in April, 1781; drove team till December 27, following; was with the expedition to Yorktown, and after the taking of Cornwallis, hauled a piece of artillery to Newburg, and
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RECORDS OF THE OLDEN TIME.
baggage back. In April, 1782, enlisted again; went to headquarters at Newburg, remained under the command of Major Skidmore till December 20, following, and believe myself entitled to a pension," etc.
This affidavit bears the signature of Edward Hale and Peter Ellis, ministers of the Gospel, who certify to Gaylord's good character and truthfulness.
In further explanation, it should be stated that Gaylord was a minor at the time, and his father was entitled to the pension, but the latter hay- ing been killed by the Indians at the massacre of Wyoming, it had never been allowed. Mr. Gaylord was fortunate in securing what he was so justly entitled to, and spent his remaining days at his home on Sandy. He was universally respected, and after living to an advanced age, was gathered to his fathers, and sleeps in an honored grave in Cumberland Cemetery.
December 25, 1832, Roswell Blanchard surrendered his license to sell goods, and in its stead applied for one to keep a tavern at Hennepin, which was granted for a fee of fifty cents, and bonds required in the amount of $200 that he would, among the duties of landlord, strictly live up to the following rates of charges : Horse one night, 25c .; one feed, 123c .; one horse twenty-four hours, 37}c. ; man, one meal, 18¿c; night's lodging, 6{c .; whisky-one gill 6}c., half-pint 12}c., one pint 18¿c .; brandy, rum, gin and wine, one gill 123c; half-pint 25c., pint 50c.
December 29, 1832, Captain Brown's Rangers, a body of militia organ- ized to protect the white people of the frontier against the Indians, were quartered near Hennepin, and occasionally had to use the ferry. The Court made the following special order: "Captain Brown's company of Rangers are granted the use of the ferry to cross at Hennepin, for $2.00 over and back, or $2.00 per week, as Captain Brown may choose.
March 6, 1833, Hooper Warren, Justice, reported that he had fined Roswell Blanchard $3.00 for an assault upon Leonard Roth. Also, George Wilmarth seems to have perpetrated an assault and battery upon the de- voted person of David Jones, somewhat noted as a pugilist. George hav- ing apparently got the best of this encounter, the Justice fined him $5.00 and costs.
The entire taxes collected in 1832, in the County of Putnam, amounted to-cash, $88.19, and county orders, $104.62}.
A road from the mouth of Crow Creek, up the Illinois River, under the bluffs, through Columbia, and along the bottom to the mouth of
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DIVISION OF PUTNAM INTO THREE COUNTIES.
Sandy (opposite Henry), was ordered to be laid out, and Jesse Sawyer and the County Surveyor were appointed Commissioners to perform the labor, June 3, 1833.
Peter Barnhardt, paymaster of the Fourth Illinois Militia, filed his bond in $200, as by law required, and the same was approved.
September 2, 1833, J. W. Willis was sent to Springfield to get patents for the land occupied by Hennepin and the county buildings. All previ- ous efforts in this direction had regularly failed. The county had been selling and conveying property to which it had as yet no title, and ner- vous purchasers and tax-payers who feared that some audacious claim- jumper might steal the county property, or that which had been claimed for court house and jail purposes, kept the Honorable Commissioners' Court in the warmest of hot water, and every previous attempt to get titles having so wretchedly miscarried, they were becoming desperate.
December 16, it was ordered that the Commissioners' Clerk and Sheriff relinquish their fees for this term of Court. No explanation is vouch- safed, and we are left in the dark as to whether the county was unable to pay its public servants, or the Treasurer had grown so weak he could not draw the necessary orders.
FERRY LICENSES.
September 1, 1834, Alex. Tompkins was granted a license to run a ferry at the mouth of Negro Creek, at the house of John Cole.
Elisha Swan was allowed a ferry license at Columbia, March 2, 1835, and was taxed $15.00; and at the same time was granted a merchant's license.
March 2, a license was given Wm. Hammett to run a ferry at the mouth of Crow Creek.
FORMATION OF MARSHALL COUNTY.
By 1835 Putnam had 3,948 whites and eight negroes, of whom two were registered servants, or more plainly, slaves.
The county was growing rapidly, and the location of the county seat being found inconvenient for many, the project for a new county was agi- tated, and the result was the formation of the magnificent county of Bu- reau, with Princeton for its county seat.
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RECORDS OF THE OLDEN TIME.
This was followed by another division, and Marshall County was formed. Thus from being the largest county in the State and leading all others in population, wealth and political influence, Putham was shorn of its fair proportions, and made the very smallest. The student of his- tory as he reads this will wonder why this wrong was permitted, and ask if there were none in the Legislature to plead for and protect her just rights. We cannot answer.
In the "Bribery Act" of 1837, whereby millions of money was voted to railroads never constructed, the consent or silent approval of counties not benefitted was secured by loans of money, and under its provisions Putnam was entitled to and received $10,000 as her portion of the "steal." But "ill gotten gains are treacherous friends," the proverb hath it, and so it turned out, for the Treasurer, Ammon Moon, loaned it out so se- curely that it has never been recovered.
The last act of the Commissoners was to divide the county into town- ships in accordance with an act of the Legislature and vote of the people, and this duty was assigned to Guy W. Pool and Jeremiah Strawn.
The labors of the old County Commissioners' Court ceased April 16, 1856, when the new County Supervisors met at Hennepin and took upon themselves the dignity of office. The first Board consisted of Townsend G. Fyffe, of Magnolia, who was elected chairman, and James S. Simpson of Hennepin, Benjamin F. Carpenter of Senachwine, and Joel W. Hopkins of Granville.
RECORDS OF THE PROBATE COURT.
Colby F. Stevenson was the first Probate Judge of Putnam County, and performed its duties in addition to those of Surveyor.
The first case for adjudication was the estate of Daniel Bland, of Round Prairie, who died on the 8th day of February, 1831. The circumstances of his death will be more particularly referred to hereafter. His widow, Nancy Bland, was appointed administratrix, under bonds of $1,250. Rob- ert Bird became her surety.
John P. Blake was the next Judge, and his first official act was admin- istering upon the estate of Zion Shugart, who died February 13, 1833. His widow was appointed administratrix, and Samuel Glenn became her surety. Dr. Condee, of Columbia (Lacon), appears to have been physician to deceased, since his bill is allowed.
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DEATH NOTICES OF EARLY SETTLERS.
Aaron Payne, the missionary, presents a bill of $11.25 for officiating at the inquest of Daniel Gunn, who hanged himself on Oxbow Prairie, and the same was allowed.
December 8, 1831, James Reynolds died, and Jane M. Reynolds was made executrix.
Another record is the indenture of Caleb Stark to Elias Isaacs, who agrees "for three years' service" to instruct his apprentice in the "art, trade or mystery of currying." After one year's service the contract was abrogated.
September 7, 1831, Wm. Wauhob, Sr., died on Round Prairie. January 5, 1835, Robert, his son, comes to the County Court and complains that his brother William has appropriated the entire estate of their father, and wants an account rendered and a division. After a long contest over the matter, the parties got into court and settled.
James Dever died in December, 1834, and his will was proven in Jan- uary, 1835.
We close our records with the following death notices of settlers whom many will remember: Thornton Wilson died March 9, 1835; Jos. Babb, April 7; Oliver Johnson, August 6; Alexander Wilson, July 22; William Britt, June 25; and Naomi Ware, October 3, of that year. The last named left by will a considerable portion of her estate to the New School Pres- byterian Church of Hennepin.
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