USA > Illinois > Adams County > The history of Adams County Illinois : containing a history of the county - its cities, towns, etc. a biographical directory of its citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion; general and local statistics, portraits of early settlers and prominent men > Part 63
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The cultivation of flowers and the adornment of homes was somewhat retarded here by the poverty of the first settlers, nearly all of whom came here to better their circumstances, and many of whom were driven here by their very poverty, which forbade them to maintain in older communities the place to which their intellectual, social and moral qualities entitled them. The first effort of the pioneer was to provide a shelter for himself and his family ; his next was to subdue and bring into cultivation a sufficient area of land to yield them a support. Afterward came stables for his animals, then an orchard to supply the family with fruit, then, as his means increased, he built a more comfortable and convenient house. Not till then did he feel able to gratify his tastes and preferences. Not till after this second house
445
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
was built did one farmer in a hundred make any attempt to beautify his home. Woman's taste and skill perhaps had planted a few annuals in the garden every spring, and had kept a few plants in boxes on the sill of the cabin window long after the frost had killed those in the garden, but there was no attempt on the part of proprietors to improve to any great extent the appearance of their home surroundings, nor had they the means and the time to have done so if they had desired. Nature, however, bestowed most liberally what the poverty of man denied. Originally, in this county, the forests covered the low lands along the streams and the narrow ridges on either side. The broader ridges, and the rich, gently undulating table lands which compose the larger part of the surface were mostly open prairie. Occasionally a neck of woods intruded upon the high lands, or an isolated grove stood out in the prairie, like an island in the sea; and occasionally there would be found a strip of prairie on the narrow ridges or on the low bottom lands along the streanis, but these were exceptions to the general rule. These prairies, lying as they did upon higher land than the wooded districts, appeared to the eye to be larger than they really were.
There were some points where the beholder could only see glimpses of the " timber line," as it was called, on either side. From the time the first star-flowers and violets opened out in the spring, till the petals fell from the last frost-flowers late in autumn, these vast prairies presented a scene of surpassing beauty. During the whole summer there was an uninterrupted succession of flowers; but June was the time of Nature's grandest display. Standing upon some elevation and looking over the prairie at that season, the scene presented before you was that of a vast undulating ocean of green, bespangled all over with constellations of color representing all the varied hues of the rainbow.
The winter scenery was in striking and painful contrast with this. Covered with a few inches of snow the landscape suggested only the dreary icefields of some northern sea. Nothing could be more bleak and for- bidding. No wonder the first settlers built their houses in the skirts of the forests where they could be sheltered by the trees. As the country filled up the choice building places were all taken and new comers were obliged to go further out. It was soon learned, also, that the prairie lands were the richest and this was an additional reason for settling on them. In a few years the summer scenery began to lose its beauty. Zigzag fences and vast tracts of black upturned sod began to take the place of nature's robe of beauty. Here and there a wood-colored house or straw-roofed stable on the margin of the plowed land revealed to the philosopher a pic- ture of enterprise and fruitful industry, but to the esthetic eye it only appeared as if the great emerald sea had rolled away and left its black, muddy bottom exposed, with here and there a few gray rocks standing out, which had been called in mockery human habitations.
If the hand of industry marred the summer scenery, it did not add to the attractiveness of the winter landscape. The gray walls of the dwellings rising above the wilderness of snow only gave to the beholder the painful feeling of pity for those who were doomed to live amid such bleak desola- tion. A winter scene upon one of our large prairies thirty-five years ago was chilling and repellant in the extreme. It had no redeeming features. There was no shelter for man or beast, except the lone shanty which man called home, a cold, comfortless shed for the horses, and the fences, which in summer protected the fields from the cattle, and in winter the cattle
446
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
from the storm. It is doubtful whether this country, since the day when God first clothed it with verdure, was ever so bereft of beauty as when it had been robbed by man of all the richest of nature's pencilings and had received as yet no touches from the hand of art; when the people in their struggle for bread or for wealth had destroyed the glory of the prairie and the forest and lacked as yet the means, the time, or the will to make even the meager compensation of adorning each the little spot he called his home. It is not surprising that with such surroundings men and women who had been reared amid scenes of rural beauty in the older States should become dissatisfied and restless, should begin to contrast the present with the past, and should embrace the first opportunity after their more pressing wants were supplied to satisfy the finer feelings of their nature by rendering their homes more attractive. There were many such among us. They began the work, and their example was most happily con- tageous. There came a time when even the most rigid utilitarian was willing to plant a tree and thus secure under the name of shelter what was demanded by his love of beauty. The black locust, catalpa, lombardy pop- lar, and other deciduous trees were planted along the fence in front of the house, the door-yard was leveled, the corn-crib and pig-pen were moved into the background, and the yard was enclosed by a neat fence and sowed with grass. Then a few snow-balls, lilacs, and hardy roses were planted here and there, black walnuts and butternuts were gathered by the boys in autumn, and after being exposed to the action of frost during the winter were planted the next spring in the fence-corners. Young seedling maples were pulled up in the forest and transferred to the outside fence-corners around the barn-yard, where they soon furnished fine shade for the farm animals. Cottonwoods, willows, wild cherries and elms, which sprung from seeds which the winds or birds had dropped along the ravine that ran through the field, or in the corners of the pasture-fence, and many another neglected place, were suffered to grow unmolested in the rich virgin soil.
Meantime the orchard was growing, and in a few years a wonderful transformation had been wrought in the summer landscape, and home be- gan to look cozy and attractive. In winter, however, the leafless branches of a few trees only partially checked the piercing winds. They still whis- tled spitefully through the keyhole of the door and challenged the thrifty farmer to a further combat. The challenge was accepted. The farmer planted evergreens and gained the victory. The general opinion had been that evergreens would not thrive upon the prairie soil. Why this opinion prevailed it is hard to tell unless it was because there were none indige- nous here, except a dwarfish variety of the red cedar, and that was confined to a few steep, rocky places along the creeks, and the people took it for granted that the reason they grew there was that only there they found the soil that suited them. The true explanation of the absence of evergreens here seems not to have occurred to any one at that time, that is that they could not withstand the fires which annually consumed the heavy carpet of dried leaves and grass on the richer lands, both of prairie and forest, and only on the steep, rocky and barren hillsides, where they found no fuel, gave the evergreens any chance to grow. When cedars first were planted on the prairies, sand and gravel were put underneath and around each tree. They were transferred from the bluffs of Mill Creek to many door-yards and were very much admired. It was soon discovered that they would thrive just as well without the sand as with it, and would do well on almost any
447
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
dry soil. Gov. Wood was the first to introduce the spruce, fir and other northern evergreens. In 1831 he made a second journey to the Eastern States, and procured at Prince's nursery, on Long Island, some balsam fir, white pine, and other evergreens, and also a collection of flowers and shrubbery. With these he ornamented the lawn around his house, which stood on the present site of Chaddock College, exciting the admiration of all the neighbors. The late F. W. Jansen, passing by one day, asked him where he got those beautiful trees. "On Long Island," was the reply. " I will start to-morrow morning and get some, too," said Mr. Jansen, thinking he meant Long Island on the river near Quincy, but when Mr. Wood explained that it was Long Island, New York, he concluded it was too far away to undertake the journey just then. Mr. Wood soon after- ward obtained some evergreens from the northern pineries and added them to his collection. Two or three balsam fir-trees, which belonged to the original lot obtained from Prince's nurseries, were blown down a few years ago by a severe wind-storm, but most of the trees, both evergreen and deciduous, are still standing on the lawn where they were planted. The large deciduous cypress tree, which is a marked feature of these grounds, was obtained, Mr. Wood thinks, at Prince's nursery in 1831, with the evergreens. Some fine specimens of the American larch, obtained with his first evergreens from the north, are not now standing. The plant- ing of these trees direct from the forest was attended with so much un- certainty, on account of their liability to die the first year, that but few people made the attempt.
Wm. Stewart, Sr., of Payson, was the first nurseryman in the county to keep evergreens for sale. He obtained his supply by making annual trips to the Northern pineries, where he had the young seedlings dug from the forests, carefully packed under his personal supervision, and shipped home by steamboat. They were planted in the nursery rows and grown for two or three years before they were sold to customers. A large per- centage of them died from the effects of the first transplanting, but after growing a year or two in the nursery they could be transplanted with per- fect safety. The people, however, were at first afraid to risk their growing, and Mr. Stewart used to set them out on the grounds of his customers and warrant them to grow. He made landscape gardening a study, and used to lay out the walks and arrange the grounds of his neighbors, and in this way a number of places assumed such an attractive appearance that the demand for evergreens and ornamental shrubbery became general. To meet this demand he enlarged his stock. Failing in one of his trips to the upper Mississippi to find all the varieties he desired, he sent one of his sons, who was with him, across the country to the lakes, part of the way by stage and part of the way on foot, through the forest, with instructions to return with his trees by way of the lake to Chicago and thence home by way of the canal and the Illinois river to Naples, whence his own wagons would haul them forty miles to the nursery. The next season another son was sent South to ransack the Southern forests for everything beautiful which might give promise of becoming acclimated here. A large assort- ment was brought, most of which proved to be too tender for our winters, and among these, to his deep regret, were the grand evergreens magnolia and the holly. The pitch pine of the South proved to be nearly hardy but not ornamental. Specimens of it are still standing on "Fawley Place," near Quincy, and on the old Stewart homestead at Payson. The deciduous 29
448
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
or swamp-cypress was the only truly valuable acquisition from this source. It grows vigorously on our soil, is perfectly hardy, and makes a unique and beautiful tree. A number of specimens still standing on the site of the old Payson nursery are assuming stately proportions, and already show, rising from the ground around them, the famous "cypress knees " of the Southern swamps. One or two very fine specimens are also standing in the grounds of " Fawley Place."
The era of home adornment was now fairly inaugurated, and nursery- men all over the county kept from that time forth a liberal supply of ever- greens and other ornamental trees and shrubbery, which found a ready sale at remunerative prices. When the supply ran short on the upper Missis- sippi there were found men in the East who made a business of procuring very small seedling evergreens from the forests of northern New York, and supplying western dealers, and finally the nurserymen of the northwest learned the art of growing them from the seed, and have produced them by the million ever since at prices which put them within the reach of all.
The introduction of evergreens has had a two-fold effect. In the first place, it has greatly stimulated the tastes of our people in the direction of home adornment, and in the second place it has entirely transformed the aspect of our landscapes, especially in winter. A large proportion now of the homes of our people are embowered in trees, which not only check and lull to peace the winter winds, but rising in their perennial green amid the darkest storms, point upward to the skies, reminding us of a brighter world than this. The old settler, as he looks over these hills, finds it hard to rec- ognize the scenery he witnessed in his youth. The old distinction between forest and prairie has been almost entirely obliterated by clearings in the one and plantings in the other. Dotting the landscape here and there are groups of farm buildings, nestling among evergreen trees, and surrounded by ample and well-kept lawns. The old "worm fence" has very generally given place to the well-clipped hedge, the log cabin to the ample farm- house, and the straw-roofed stable to the ornamental cornices of the first- class barn. Those homes are exceptional where there are not found in the vard a supply of flowering and ornamental plants, and in the rooms a collection of flowers to show their beauty and shed their fragrance in the gloomy winter days.
If our summer landscapes are less gorgeous and imposing than at first, they are more varied and attractive, and our winter scenery, robbed of all its bleak repulsiveness, presents an appearance of cozy comfort, which rather attracts than chills the beholder.
Our older villages, such as Payson and Clayton, are almost lost to the view amid the profusion of trees and shrubbery, and the city of Quincy, by its multitude of neatly constructed dwellings set in the midst of well- kept yards or more ample lawns, and surrounded by a profusion of sylvan beauty, has justly earned its sobriquet, " The Gem City " of the west.
ADAMS COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.
The declared purposes of this society are: "The promotion of medi- cal science. the cultivation of a just sense of professional obligations, and the organization of the profession in connection with the American Medi- cal Association." The society was organized March 28, 1850, at a meet- ing of the physicians of Adams county, held in Quincy, on call of a com- mittee appointed at a previous meeting, by the election of the following
M. J. Pocoahlauly, Da QUINCY
449
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
officers: Dr. Joseph N. Ralston, president; Drs. S. W. Rogers and M. Shepherd, vice-presidents; Dr. J. R. Hollowbush, recording secretary; Dr. Louis Watson, corresponding secretary; Dr. F. B. Leach, treasurer; Drs. Isaac T. Wilson, M. J. Roeschlaub and Louis Watson, censors. Besides the above, Drs. Warren Chapman and James Elliott were original mem- bers. The society was incorporated by special act of the Illinois Legisla- ture, in the Winter of 1859. From May, 1861, until May, 1863, no meet- ing was held, so many of the members being absent in the army that a quorum could not be obtained. Of those who were members during the war of the rebellion, the following were in the military service: M. M. Bane (Colonel 50th Ill. Inf.), who lost an arm at Shiloh; G. H. Bane, Frederick K. Bailey, Henry J. Churchman, Bartrow Darrach, who died in the service; S. W. Everett, killed at Shiloh; A. M. D. Hughes (Adjutant 50th Ill. Inf. ), killed at Shiloh; Henry W. Kendall, R. R. Kendall, S. C. Moss, C. H. Morton (Lieut. Colonel 84th Ill. Inf.); Daniel Stahl, Louis Watson, Isaac T. Wilson. Dr. M. F. Bassett, a member, was surgeon of the board of enrollment of this district.
The society has given much attention to sanitary matters, and by its persistent efforts secured the creation of a board of health by the city of Quincy, and the adoption of a system of mortuary registration, several years previous to the passage of the present State laws relating to these matters.
Since its organization it has had the following presidents, some of them for several terms: J. N. Ralston, S. W. Rogers, A. Nichols, F. B. Leach, M. Shepherd, E. G. Castle, M. M. Bane, Daniel Stahl, L. Watson, Isaac T. Wilson, Joseph Robbins, W. A. Byrd, and Richard Williams. The society now has forty-six resident members.
OFFICIAL VOTE OF ADAMS COUNTY, NOVEMBER 7, 1876.
PRESIDENT.
GOVERNOR.
LIEUT. GOVERNOR.
Glenn .*
Shuman.t
Pickrell.|
Thornton .*
Harlow.t
Hooten.#
Lemont.|
Hise .*
Needles.t
Hoofsettler #
Gundlachı .*
Rutz.t
Aspern.#
Lynch .*
Edsall.t
Coy.t .
Copp, Jr.[
First Ward.
393
395
388
397
894
393
392
396
390
398
892
396
391
396
Second Ward ..
374
314
366
320
366
312
372
315
371
316
378
313
367
314
Third Ward ...
556
338
2
5551
340
555
338
1
556
338
555
339
555
339
1
556
338
Fourth Ward ..
400
500
1
396|
505
400
500
401
499
402
499
399
501
395
504
Fifth Ward. . . .
620
241
1
617
242
622
239
624
241
623
241
622
242
621
241
Sixth Ward ....
580
342
1
527
345
529
342
1
526
344
1
527
343
528
342
1
526
344
1
North East. .
113
165
113
165
114
.64
113
165
113
165
113
165
113
165
Houston
120
81
20
141
82
121
82
19
121
82
19
140
82
121
82
19
121
19
Keene .
148
148
150
147
149
147
1
149
147
1
151
147
149
147
149
147
1
Lima . .
196
112
195
112
195
112
195
112
195
112
195
112
195
112
Ursa
203
102
1
204
102
1
206
100
1
203
103
1
203
103
1 203
103
1
203
103
1
Mendon.
213
206
212
207
217
202
213
206
213
206
213
206
213
206
Honey Creek ..
146
151
1
145
152
1
146
150
146
151
1
146
151
1
146
151
1
145
152
1
Camp Point ...
175
257
1
180
257
2
176
256
5
2
175
256
6
2
181
256
2
175
256
6
2
175
256
6
2
Clayton
160
207
1
1
161
207
1
162
205
1
1
160
207
1
1
161
907
1
160
207
1
1
161
207
1
1
Concord .
132
90
132
90
132
90
132
90
132
90
139
90
132
90
Columbus .
107
62
2
108
63
108
2
108
63
2
108
63
2
108
63
2
108
63
2
Ellington ..
165
226
1
2
161
225
2
167
22:3
1
3
165
225
1
2
166
165
224
1
2
165
225
2
Gilmer ...
125
114
1
125
114
9
125
113
1
9
125
114
1
8
126
114
8
125
114
1
8
125
114
1
8
Melrose ..
266
153
264
153
267
152
266
153
266
153
266
153
266
153
Burton .. .
167
129
167
129
1
168
129
168
129
168
129
168
129
168
129
Liberty
204
99
1
205
99
205
99
1
205
99
1
206
99
205
98
1
205
99
1
McKee
132
86
132
86
132
86
132
86
132
86
132
86
132
86
Beverly
111
126
111
126
112
125
111
126
112
126
112
126
112
126
Richfield ..
194
101
194
101
194
101
194
101
194
101
194
101
194
101
Payson
233
1571
6
1
241
156
1
157
5
1
236
156
5
1
241
156
1
236
156
07
1
236
156
5
1
Fall Creek ....
125
51
125
51
125
50
125
50
125
50
125
51
125
50
Total .
6308
4953
41
17
6318
4973
19
1
6322 4930
35
22
6313 4954
36
18
6347 4957
18
6312 4953
36
19
6999 4959
36
18
Majorities .. . 1355
1345
1392
1459
1390
1359
1340
* Democrat. + Republican.
# Greenbacker. |Temperance.
450
TOWNS.
Tilden .*
Hayes.t
Cooper.#
Smith.|
Steward .*
Cullom.t
Simpson.|
Browning.
McCormickt
SEC'Y OF STATE.
AUDITOR.
STATE TREASURER
ATT'Y GENERAL.
.
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
1
·
·
..
.
1
Van Doren.
.
OFFICIAL VOTE OF ADAMS COUNTY, NOVEMBER 7, 1876-CONTINUED.
CONGRESSM'N
MEMBER.
REPRESENTATIVE.
STATES ATT'Y.
CIR. CLERK.
SHERIFF.
CORONER.
Bonds
Bonds
Knapp .*
Robbins.t
Edie.#
Whitesides .*
Grammer.+
Hendrick.#
Davis .*
Hendrick-
son .*
Black.+
McNeall.#
Govert .*
Jones.t
Brophy .*
Nichols.t
Dort.#
Pollock .*
Gille.+
Ogle.#
Seehorn .*
Marks.t
Smith.#
For County
Against County
First Ward.
364
423
390
397
588
587
1181
390
386
393
392
369
417
371
416
1
Second Ward.
348
335
372
313
56212
554
931
374
306
336
369
317
325
362
Third Ward ..
530
364
556
337
1
834
834
1014
557
324
517
379
427
469
1
533
341
1
2
Fourth Ward ..
379
522
398
502
700
697
1502
434
468
380
521
259
638
383
516
875
26
Fifth Ward ..
590
275
620
246
95212
936
711
624
237
598
277
549
307
529
271
857
8
Sixth Ward.
510
359
525
345
79215
7901%
106115
529
335
511
357
508
363
501
366
853
20
North East.
112|
166
113
165
16912
16912
495
115
163
114
164
96
179
113
165
259
12
Houston
121
83
121
82
18913 72
174
246
1
121
79
122
83
121
86
116
82
148
35
Keene
151
140
1 149
145
226
216
438
1
151
147
151
145
1
155
141
151
147
201
75
Lima .
192
112
195
112
290
290
336
195
111
195
112
195
111
196
111
223
69
Ursa
200
105
1
197
108
1
30416
30112
309
1
203
101
203
103
1
185
112
1 200
103
92
194
Mendon.
205
214
213
206
2
18516
45316
1
147
146
147
147
1
158
137
1
146
150
1
149
122
Camp Point.
180
257
180]
257
2
26516
2621%
774
5
181
257
177
255
2
174
243
2
179
258
2
3581
- 33
Clayton ..
159
210
2
158
209
3
241'
233
623
12
161
207
160
207
4
155
210
1
159
206
6
279
72
Concord .
132
90
132
90
198
198
270
132
90
132
90
129
90
131
S9
63
156
Columbus .
108
63
2
108
63
1631.
15716
6
108
64
69
100
1
98
65
1 108
64
12|
158
Ellington.
662
230
2
157/
231
25615
24712
675
3
173
216
176
213
1 158
230
2
164
228
132|
110
Gilmer ..
122
117
8
124
115
189
186
339
22
127
112
121
121
135
102
8
124
115
8
15
229
Melrose ..
266
153
266
153
402
399
461
268
149
'265
153
253
165
267
151
413
5
154
142
163
129
252
249
387
172
124
166
131
134
160
168
129
264
9
Liberty .
203
99
201
101
319
303
297
211
93
208
96
194
105
206
98
81
117
McKee
129
89
.30
86
19515
1941%
258
132
85
144
79
128
80
132
86
77
112
Beverly
105
131
110
126
16515
168
37616
112
125
119
118
99
133
111
126
221
12
Richfield
194
101
194
101
294
288
306
194
101
194
101
166
127
194
101
101
181
Payson .
239
157
1
242
154
1
367
351
465
1
242
150
242
153
1
232
154
1
236
153
297
98
Fall Creek.
125
50
125
50
186
186
150
125
48
124
18
77
99
130
46
169
1
Total .
6126 5137
20
6290 4974
21
968872
9482
14818
53
6391
4830
6191
5088
19
5736 5446
21
6149
5086
22
8904 1864
Majorities.
989
11316
1561
1103
290
1063
7040
.
* Democrat. # Republican. # Greenbacker.
| Temperance.
451
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
7
Honey Creek.
146
150
1
146
151
36517
319
567
213
206
211
207
213
206
213
206
400
2191
2
CC 2020 8 2
18912
1
1
1
786 685
352
1
894
..
TOWNS.
Burton ...
1
452
HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.
A TABULAR STATEMENT
SHOWING THE TOTALS OF PERSONAL AND REAL PROPERTY OF ADAMS COUNTY, FOR THE YEAR 1878,
Compiled from the Tax Duplicate of the County Clerk.
PERSONAL PROPERTY.
Number.
Average Value.
Assessed Value.
Horses of all ages
13.462
$ 31.26
$420,845
Cattle of all ages
25,371
11.33
287,683
Mules and Asses of all ages.
2,898
34.52
100,065
Sheep of all ages.
10.768
1.19
12,914
Hogs of all ages
62,953
1.45
91,422
Steam Engines, including Boilers
110
222.18
24,440
Fire or Burglar Proof Safes.
145
40.72
5,905
Billiard, Pigeon-hole, Bagatelle, or other similar Tables
35
43 70
1,530
Carriages and Wagons, of whatever kind.
6,712
21.43
143,903
Watches and Clocks.
4,764
4.04
19,252
Sewing and Knitting Machines.
3,700
11.65
43.118
Piano Fortes
479
72.50
34.630
Melodeons and Organs ..
525
30.30
15,909
Steamboats, Sailing Vessels, Wharf Boats, Barges, etc ..
16
4,065
Total Assessed Value of Enumerated Property
.. $1. 20586
AMOUNT OF UNENUMERATED PROPERTY.
Merchandise
609.960
Material and Manufactured Articles
97,216
Manufactured Tools, Implements and Machinery
61,830
Agricultural Tools, Implements and Machinery.
82,310
Gold and Silver Plate and Plated Ware.
1,473
Diamonds and Jewelry.
395
Money of Banks, Bankers, Brokers, etc
39,050
Credits of Banks, Bankers, Brokers, etc
17,600
Bonds and Stocks ..
4,100
Shares of Capi.al Stock of Companies not of this State.
8 500
Property of Corporations not before ennmerated.
4,000
Property of Saloons and Eating Houses
11,745
Household and Office Property ..
346,435
Investments in R. E. and improvements thereon
190
Shares of Stock, State, and National Banks.
100,000
Credit of other than Bankers
458,813
All other Personal Property
67,810
Total Assessed Value of Personal Property
$3,538,176
RAILROAD PROPERTY ASSESSED IN COUNTY.
Asseesed Value.
Class C .- Personal Property.
$ 6,049
Class D. - Lands. Number of acres, 127 61-10ths
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