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History of Tipton County, Indiana Marvin W. Pershing
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INDIANA UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
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1
TIPTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE.
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HISTORY
OF .
TIPTON COUNTY
INDIANA
HER PEOPLE, INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Marvin
BY M. W. PERSHING
With Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families
ILLUSTRATED
2
Room 20
1914 B. F. BOWEN & CO., Inc. Indianapolis, Indiana K
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98716
F532 . TYP4
DEDICATION.
This work is respectfully dedicated to THE PIONEERS,
long since departed. May the memory of those who laid down their burdens by the wayside ever be fragrant as the breath of summer flowers, for their toils and sacrifices have made Tipton County a garden of sun- shine and delights.
Hist. 7 - 27 - 14
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PREFACE
All life and achievement is evolution; present wisdom comes from past experience, and present commercial prosperity has come only from past exer- tion and suffering. The deeds and motives of the men that have gone before have been instrumental in shaping the destinies of later communities and states. The development of a new country was at once a task and a privi- lege. It required great courage, sacrifice and privation. Compare the pres- ent conditions of the people of Tipton County, Indiana, with what they were one hundred years ago. From a trackless wilderness and virgin land, it has come to be a center of prosperity and civilization, with millions of wealth, systems of railways, grand educational institutions, splendid indus- tries and immense agricultural and mineral productions. Can any think- ing person be insensible to the fascination of the study which discloses the aspirations and efforts of the early pioneers who so strongly laid the founda- tion upon which has been reared the magnificent prosperity of later days? To perpetuate the story of these people and to trace and record the social, polit- ical and industrial progress of the community from its first inception is the function of the local historian. A sincere purpose to preserve facts and per- sonal memoirs that are deserving of perpetuation, and which unite the pres- ent to the past, is the motive for the present publication. A specially valuable and interesting department is that one devoted to the sketches of representa- tive citizens of these counties whose records deserve preservation because of their worth, effort and accomplishment. The publishers desire to extend their thanks to the gentlemen who have so faithfully labored to this end. Thanks are also due to the citizens of Tipton county for the uniform kind- ness with which they have regarded this undertaking, and for their many services rendered in the gaining of necessary information.
In placing the "History of Tipton County, Indiana." before the citizens. the publishers can conscientiously claim that they have carried out the plan as outlined in the prospectus. Every biographical sketch in the work has been submitted to the party interested, for correction, and therefore any error of fact, if there be any, is solely due to the person for whom the sketch was prepared. Confident that our effort to please will fully meet the approbation of the public, we are,
Respectfully, THE PUBLISHERS.
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER I-INDIAN TRIBES 25 Mound Builders-The Miamis-The Pottawatomies-The Delawares-In- dians in Tipton County-The Reserve.
CHAPTER II-GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY 31 Description-Climate-Soils-Miami Silt Loam-Miami Loam-Clyde Silty Clay Loam-Clyde Loam-Genesee Silty Clay Loam-Genesee Loam-Wabash Silty Clay Loam-Muck-Meadow (Genesee Material).
CHAPTER III-EARLY SETTLEMENT 49 Indian Treaties-First White Men-Cicero Creek-First Entries-Later Set- tlement-Richardville County-First Townships-Early Homes-Wolves-A Fight with Wolves.
CHAPTER IV-ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 58 Act of Legislature Creating Tipton County-The First Election-First Voters- Organization of Tipton County-Later Township Boundaries-County Seat Named-Court House History-Second Court House-Present Court House- County Jail History-Court House and Jail Bonds-The County Poor-Early - Finances-County Treasurer's Report for 1913-County Officers for 1914.
CHAPTER V-TOWNSHIPS, AND TIPTON CITY 76 Madison Township-Topography-Early Settlement-First Improvements- Early Elections-Madison in 1914-New Lancaster-Curtisville-Hobbs- Cicero Township-Early Settlers-Topography-Organization-Elections and Officers-Roads-Hunting and Amusements-Sports-First Industries-Cicero in 1914-Jackson Station-West Kinderhook-Parrotsville-Independence- City of Tipton-Prologue-Selection of Site-Laying Out-Lot Sales-Tav- erns-Early Merchants-Early Tipton-Cholera Epidemic-Incorporation as a . Town-Modern Tipton-Incorporation-Public Utilities-Lake Erie & Western Shops-City Park-Prospective Tipton-Tipton Public Library-Tipton Cham- ber of Commerce-Tipton Factories-City Finances-Postoffice History. .
CHAPTER VI-TOWNSHIPS (Continued) 107 Jefferson Township-Topography-Early Settlement-First Improvements- Other Early Statistics-Early Elections-Jefferson in 1914-Jericho-Teters- burg-Normanda-Kempton-Goldsmith-Ekin-Prairie Township-Topogra- phy-Settlement-Prairie in 1914-Groomsville-Liberty Township-Topogra- phy-First Settlers-Organization-Liberty in 1914-Sharpsville-Incorpora- tion-In 1914-Nevada - Wildcat Township - Topography - Organization - Early Settlement-Early History-Wildcat in 1914-Windfall-Incorporation- Town Notes-Windfall in 1914.
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CONTENTS.
CHAPTER VII-MILITARY HISTORY 141- Events Leading up to Hostilities-A Rebel Flag-The First Company-Later Companies-Donations-Winter of 1861-2-1862 Enlistments-Picnics-Knights of the Golden Circle-Drafts and Enlistments-Regimental Sketches-Other Regiments-Items-The Capture of the "General"-Belle Boyd-Spanish- American War.
CHAPTER VIII-POLITICAL HISTORY 166 Ante-Bellum Politics-Election Laws-Summary of County Officers-Audi- tors-Recorders-Clerks-Treasurers-Sheriffs-Surveyors - Coroners - Pro- bate Judges-Common Pleas Judges-Circuit Court Judges-Representatives- Senators-Presidential Elections.
CHAPTER IX-THE BENCH AND THE BAR 174 The Circuit Court-The First Case-The Probate Court-The Common Pleas Court-A Few Early Lawyers-Early Justices of the Peace-Present Bar of Tipton County.
CHAPTER X-THE MEDICAL PROFESSION
180
The Early Doctor-Medical Associations-Non-Association Physicians-Doc-
tors of the Past-Personal Sketches.
CHAPTER XI-EDUCATION 185 Education in Tipton-In Madison Township-In Cicero Township-Spelling Schools-Other Diversions-Public Schools in Jefferson Township-In Prairie Township-In Liberty Township-In Wildcat Township-Some Early Statis- tics-Education in 1914-As in 1889.
CHAPTER XII-CHURCH HISTORY
196
Methodist Episcopal-Christian-Catholic-United Brethren-Baptist-Pres-
byterian-Evangelical Lutheran-Country Churches-Other Denominations.
CHAPTER XIII-AGRICULTURE
214
Agricultural Statistics-Domestic Animals-Crops-Agriculture and Cultiva-
tion-Agricultural Societies and Fairs.
CHAPTER XIV-HISTORY OF JOURNALISM. 223 Beginnings-The Times-The Tipton Republican-The Tipton Enterprise- The Tipton Advance-The Republican, No. 2-The Advocate-The Windfall Herald-The Kempton Courier-The Car of Progress-Saturday Express- The Windfall News-The Tipton Tribune-The Early Newspaper.
CHAPTER XV-LODGES AND SOCIETIES 230 Free and Accepted Masons-Independent Order of Odd Fellows-Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks-Improved Order of Red Men-Knights of Pythias.
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CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XVI-TIPTON COUNTY BANKS 236 Early Banking-The First National Bank, Tipton-Citizens National Bank, Tipton-Farmers' Loan and Trust Company, Tipton-Farmers' State Bank, Hobbs-People's State Bank, Windfall-The Sharpsville Bank-State Bank of Kempton.
CHAPTER XVII-MISCELLANEOUS 239 General John Tipton-Tipton County Pioneer Society-First Marriages- County Population by Decades-Defunct Towns-Cyclone of 1886-Relative Altitude of Tipton-Early Fourth of July Celebrations-Murders and Murder Trials-Market Prices-Libraries-Vital Statistics-Gas-County Township Population-Railroads-Interurbans-State and County Roads-Road Facts- Navigation of Cicero Creek-Fisheries.
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1
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HISTORICAL INDEX
A
.
Agricultural Societies
220
Agriculture
214
Altitude of Tipton
245
Amusements and Hunting
87
Ante-Bellum Politics
166.
Attorneys of the Present Day
179
Auditors
168
B
Banks and Banking
236
Baptist Churches
206
Belle Boyd
162
Bench and Bar
174
Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks
234
Bond Issues
71
Boundaries of Townships
64
C
Cabin Homes
54, 118
Canton
93
Capture of the "General"
160
Car of Progress
227
Catholic Churches
203
Chamber of Commerce, Tipton
103
Chief Little Turtle
27
Cholera Epidemic
97
Christian Churches
201
Church History
196
Cicero Creek
50
Cicero Township
82
Cicero Township, 1914
89
Cicero Township Roads
87
Cicero Township Schools
188
Circuit Court
174
Circuit Court Judges
171
Citizens National Bank, Tipton
237
Civil War Happenings
141
Climate
32
Clyde Series of Soils
35
Common Pleas Court
177
Common Pleas Judges
170
Company F, Eleventh Reg.
145
Company I, One Hundred Sixtieth
Reg.
164
Coroners
170
County Auditors 168
County Bonds
71
County Clerks
169
County Jail
69
County of Richardville 51
County Officers
168
County Officers, 1914
75
County Poor
71
County Population
241
County Receipts, First
63
County Recorders
168
County Roads
255
County Seat Named
65.
County Surveyors
170
County Treasurer's Report, 1913.
73
County Treasurers
169
Court House History
65
Courts of the County
174
Creation of Tipton County
58
Crimes in Tipton County
249
Crop Statistics
214
Curtisville
81
Curtisville Baptist Church
207
Cyclone of 1886
.243
D
Defunct Towns
241
Delawares
28
Desperate Situation
56
Doctors of the Early Day
180
Domestic Animals
214
Donations for Soldiers
146
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HISTORICAL INDEX.
Drafts and Enlistments
149
Drainage
31
E
Early Banks
236
Early Doctors
180
Early Elections
80, 86, 112
Early Events in Prairie Township_
121
Early Finances
72
Early Fourth of July Celebrations
245
Early Homes
53, 118
Early Justices of the Peace
178
Early Lawyers
177
Early Mills
79, 128
Early Newspapers
228
Early School Statistics
194
Early Settlement
49, 83, 107, 118, 132
Early Statistics
112
Early Teachers
185
Early Tipton
95
Education in 1914
195
Educational History
185
Eighth Cavalry
152
Ekin
116
Election, First
60
Election Laws
168
Elections, Presidential
171
Eleventh Indiana Regiment
150
Elks, Order of
234
Enlistments in 1862
147
Enlistments in Tipton County
144
Entries of Land
50, 78, 82, 110, 134
Epidemic of Cholera
97
Evangelical Lutheran Church
209
F
Farmers Loan and Trust Company,
Tipton
237
Farmers State Bank, Tipton
237
Fertilizers
40
Fight with Wolves
56
Finances of County, 1913
73
First Case in Tipton Courts
174
First County Receipts
63
First Election
60
Jackson Station
90
First Improvements
79, 111
First Industries in Cicero Township_ 88
First Land Entries __ 50, 78, 82, 110, 134
First Marriages
241
First National Bank, Tipton
236
First Settlers in County
49
First Townships
52
First Voters
61
First White Men
49
Fisheries
257
Forests, Native
40
Forty-Seventh Indiana Reg.
153
Free and Accepted Masons
230
Fruit Culture
219
G
Gas in Tipton County
252
Genesee Loam
44
Geology
34
Glacial Drift
34
Goldsmith
115
Goldsmith M. E. Church
199
Grain Acreage
219
Gravel
256
Groomsville
122
H
Hobbs
82
Hobbs Christian Church
202
Hobbs M. E. Church
199
Hopewell Presbyterian Church
210
Hunting and Amusements
87
I
Improved Order of Red Men
235
Incorporation of Sharpsville
129
Incorporation of Windfall
138
Independence
91
Independent Order of Odd Fellows.
232
Indian Prairie
42
Indian Reserve
29
Indian Treaties
49
Indian Tribes
25
Indians in Tipton County
29
Interurban Lines
254
J
Jail History
69
Jefferson Township
107
Jefferson Township Schools
191
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HISTORICAL INDEX.
Jericho
114
Journalism in Tipton County
223
Judges
170
Justices of the Peace, Early
178
K
Kemp Memorial M. E. Church
196
Kempton
115
Kempton Courier
227
Kempton M. E. Church
199
Knights of Pythias
235
Knights of the Golden Circle
148
L
Lake Erie Shops
100
Land Entries
50, 78, 82, 110, 134
Lawyers of Early Days
177
Lawyers of the Present Day
179
Liberty Township
123
Liberty Township Schools
192
Libraries
251
Library, Tipton
101
Loams
35
Location of Tipton County
31
Lodges
230
Lot Sales, Tipton
94
M
Madison Township 76
Madison Township Schools 187
Market Prices 250
Masonic Order
230
Meadow Land
47
Medical Associations
181
Medical Profession
180
Medical Sketches
183
Methodist Episcopal Churches
196
Miami Silt Loam
35
Miamis
26,
82
Military History 141
Miscellaneous Items 239
Mound Builders
25
Mt. Zion Baptist Church
207
Muck Land
46
Murders in Tipton County
247
N
Naming of County Seat
65
Native Forest Growth
40
Native Vegetation
37
Navigation of Cicero Creek
256
Nevada
130
New Lancaster
81
Normanda
114
0
Odd Fellows
232
Officers of County, 1914
75
Official Roster
168
One Hundred and Fifty-third Reg.
158
One Hundred and First Reg.
156
One Hundred and Fortieth Reg.
158
Organization of Tipton County
62
P
Parrotsville
91
Peat Deposits
46
People's State Bank, Windfall
237
Pioneer Cabins
54, 118
Pioneer Doctors
180
Pioneer Furniture
54
Pioneer Teachers
185
Political History
166
Politics Before the War
166
Poor Farm
71
Poplar Grove Baptist Church
207
Population of Townships
253
Population Statistics
241
Pottawatomies
27
Prairie Soil
42
Prairie Township
116
Prairie Township in 1914 122
Prairie Township Schools
191
Precipitation Records
33
Prehistoric Evidences
26
Presbyterian Churches
209
Presidential Elections
171
Present Bar
179
Present Court House 67
Probate Court
176
Probate Judges
170
Prospective Tipton
101
Public Library, Tipton
101
.
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HISTORICAL INDEX.
Public Schools
190
Public Utilities
99
-
R
Railroads
254
Rebel Flag in Tipton
143
Recorders
168
Red Men, Improved Order of
235
Religious History
196
Representatives
171
Reserve, Indian
29
Richardville County
51
Roads and Highways
255
S
St. Joseph's Academy
205
Saloons
65
Sandbank Christian Church
210
School Diversions
190
School Statistics, Early
194
Schools in 1889
195
Second Court House
66
Secret Societies
230
Tipton, Early Merchants
95
Tipton Factories
104
Tipton, Gen. John
239
Tipton in Early Days
95
Tipton in 1914
98
Tipton Incorporated as City
99
Tipton Incorporated as Town
98
Tipton, Laying Out of
92
Tipton Lot Sales
94
Tipton M. E. Church
196
Tipton Postoffice History
105
Tipton Presbyterian Church
209
Tipton Public Library
101
Tipton Republican
224
Tipton Tribune
227
Topography of Cicero township
85
Township Boundaries
64
Township Histories
76, 107
Township Populations
253
Townships, First
52
Treaties with Indians
49
Twenty-sixth Indiana Reg.
151
T
Taverns
94
Teachers of Early Days
185
Temperature Records
33
Tetersburg
114
Tetersburg Christian Church
203
Thirty-ninth Indiana Reg.
152
Tipton Advocate
226
Tipton Baptist Church
206
Tipton Catholic Church
203
Tipton Chamber of Commerce
103
Tipton Christian Church
201
Tipton City Education
185
Tipton City Finances
105
Tipton, City of
91
Tipton, City Park
100
Tipton County Agricultural Society
220
Tipton County Banks
236
Tipton County Created
58
Tipton County, Description
31
31
Tipton County Drainage
222
Tipton County Fair Company
Tipton County Indians
29
Tipton County, Location
31
Tipton County Medical Society
181
Tipton County, Organization of
62
Tipton County Pioneer Society
240
Tipton County Times
223
Selection of County Seat
92
Senators
171
Settlement, Early
49, 83, 107, 118, 132
Settlement of Madison Township
76
Seventy-fifth Indiana Reg. 154
Sharpsville
127
Sharpsville Bank
237
Sharpsville Business Interests
128
Sharpsville. Incorporation of 129
Sharpsville M. E. Church
197
Sheriffs
169
Sketches of Early Doctors
183
Soil Productions
47
Soils
34
Spanish-American War 163
Spelling Schools
189
Sports in Early Days
88
State Bank of Kempton
238
State Roads
255
State Senators
171
U
United Brethren Church
206
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HISTORICAL INDEX.
V
Wildcat Township 131
Wildcat Township Schools 193
Windfall
137
Windfall Baptist Church 208
Windfall Christian Church 201
Windfall Herald 226
Wabash Loam 45
Windfall, Incorporation 138
Wartime Picnics 147
Windfall M. E. Church 198
Weather Records
33
Windfall News 227
West Kinderhook 90
Winter of 1861-2 146
Wild Animals
50 Wolves
55
.
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Vegetation, Native
37
Vital Statistics
251
W
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BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX
A
Achenbach, William H.
460
Adams, James W.
541
Adams, Solomon D.
370
Albershardt, John F.
314
Alther, John A.
574
B
Baker, Harry M.
279
Barlow, J. Frank
632
Barr, John S.
601
Bauer, George
584
Behymer, John O.
376
Behymer, William
377
Bennett, Jesse W.
450
Bennett, William M.
482
Berryman, William L.
283
Blystone, F. T.
525
Booher, William H.
521
Bowlby, Charles C.
457
Bowlin, Jesse O.
398
Brown, Clinton T.
352
Bryan, Charles C.
340
Bunch, E. L.
572
C
Cage, Thomas W.
452
Campbell, George G. 565
Campbell, J. A.
585
Campbell, Newton
516
Campbell, Tipton D.
561
Carter, Thomas
509
Charles, Anthony W.
343
Cline, James F.
519
Cline, William E.
506
Cole, Charles W.
580
Compton, Wilbur A.
274
Conley, Thomas L.
413
Cook, John H.
554
Cook, W. L.
540
Coverdale, Eli C.
487
Cox, Lloyd L.
532
Culver, Samuel A.
404
D
Daniels, Edward D.
356
Darrow, Omer
551
De Vault, William E.
358
Dickey, Andrew S., M. D.
345
Doversberger, George
424
Duncan, George W.
489
Dunham, W. R.
566
Dunn, Shirley O.
537
E
Edmonds, Edward J.
615
Enneking, Joseph B.
434
Essig, John
548
Essig. William
549
Etchison, F. M.
544
F
Findling, Herbert G.
426
Findling, William
421
Foster, Perry
592
Funke, John T.
429
G
Gates, Washington P.
312
Gifford, Allen W., M. D.
366
Gifford, George H.
272
Gleason, Jerome A.
300
Goodknight, Squire
568
Gosnell, Ben
494
Gosnell Family
493
Gosnell, Peter
493
Gosnell, Thomas B.
494
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BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.
Gray, C. B. 619
Grishaw, Harry E., M. D 332
Grishaw, J. B. 575
Gross, Thomas L.
484
Groves, James C.
391
Legg, Aubrey W. 470
Legg, E. F. 466
Legg, W. C. 497
Leininger, Arthur
439
Little, John G.
305
H
Halfin, Charles
533
Harding, William T. 308
Harlow, John R.
518
Hartley, George
542
Hawkins, C. D.
425
Hawkins, Jonas E.
526
Heath, Hiram
281
Hedrick, Earl I.
318
Henderson, Harry
589
Herren, Arthur C.
410
Hilligoss, Daniel W.
471
.
Hoback, Michael
593
Hobbs, Benjamin A.
546
Hobbs, Clinton H. 298
Hobbs, Granville H. 570
Hobbs, Martin M.
620
Hobbs, V. B.
550
Hoffman, Michael
495
Hoover, Guy I., Rev.
441
Hoover, William M.
555
Howard, Welcome C.
375
J
Jackson. Thomas L.
303
Johnson, M. W.
622
K
Katon, Harry
420
Kelley, William S. 480
Kemp, Jesse M.
522
Kemp, John P.
406
Kemp, Joseph G.
523
Kessler, John J.
286
Kirtley, Abraham
364
L
Lacy, Andrew J.
468
Lamm, Hiram
458
Leatherman, George A.
328
Lebo, Noah R.
397
Mc
McCormick, John
321
McGraw, William N.
294
M
Manlove, Oscar C.
600
Martindale, Elijah B.
400
Martz, Moses
322
Martz, Nicholas S.
320
Martz, Peter
322
Meinerding, Joseph A. 327
Mendenhall, Emery E. 408
Meyer, John
591
Michel, Charles
411
Michel, Peter
411
Miller, Alphonso C.
513
Miller, Franklin
596
Miner, William J. 616
Mitchell, Grant
498
Mitchell, James H.
538
Mock, Every A.
337
Morris, John F.
545
Morris, Theodore O., M. D.
606
Moser, E. B., M. D.
500
Mount, Cleo W.
349
Mount. Walter W.
267
Myerly, Christopher C.
534
Myerly, George W.
362
N
Nash, John R.
296
Nash, Leroy B.
261
Nash, Richard
291
Nash, William G.
291
Newcomer, M. V. B., M. D.
372
Norris, Oris B.
368
0
Ogle, Robert
431
Owen, Thomas F.
454
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BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.
P
Parker, Cyrus N.
347
Parks, William A. 475
Partlow, George F.
588
Patterson, Charles F.
631
Paul, Thomas J.
437
Pershing, Marvin W.
288
Plymire, Joshua B. 562
Price, F. M.
430
Purvis, James M.
259
R
Racobs, Joseph
402
Racobs, Marcellus
402
Ramsay, Archibald W.
635
Ratcliff, Jacob B.
603
Ray, William A.
463
Rayle, Richard
515
Recobs, Fred M.
393
Reed, William H.
578
Reeder, John B.
444
Renner, John
536
Romack, James L.
422
Romack, Robinson A.
474
Rouls. Solomon D.
334
Rouls, William
334
Russell, Joseph N.
316
Ryan, William G.
433
S
Samuels, Peter A.
582
Schomber, William C. 528
Schulenborg, George F. 341
Scudder, Philander
455
Self, P. F.
587
Sheil, Michael T. 381
Shields, James
448
Shields, William W. 604
Shirk, Elbert H.
264
Shook, Calvin
503
Shook, D. E.
351
Shook, David W. 501
Shook, James K. 629
Shook, Luther V.
414
Shuck, David W.
613
Siess, John
360
Smith, John D.
581
Smith, Marion S.
598
Smith, Roy B.
573
Smitson, Artie
336
Spaulding, Allen F.
505
Spaulding, Frank B
491
Speckbaugh, Lewis
307
Stewart, L. D. 427
Stoddard, J. W. 435
Sturgeon, William M.
440
Summers, Larkin D.
269
Swoveland, John A.
624
T
Tenwell, Carl
608
Thorpe, Byron B., M. D.
563
Todd, E. N.
556
Todd, Worthington R.
419
Tranbarger, John H.
379
Trimble, Monroe
461
U
Ulrich, Lot S.
612
V
Van Bibber, Marcus
559
Van Briggle, Lewis
609
Van Buskirk, Emery E
330
Vandevender, Lewis Z.
623
Vanness, Oscar
354
Vawter, William J.
511
W
Warne, Stephen
628
Waugh, Dan
276
Wells, William E. 310
Wheatley, James B. W.
558
Wheatley, O. Frank
577
Wiggins, David C., Jr.
446
Wilburn, George L.
467
Wilburn, J. M.
569
Wilson, Floyd W.
415
Wilson, Newman R.
447
Wood, George C., M. D.
416
Wood, John T.
477
Wood, Walter C. 479
Wright Family
384
Wright, Morgan
390
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BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.
Y
Young, William B.
396
Yohe, Francis
530
Z
Yohe, William A. 552
Young, Seneca G.
395
Zehner, Daniel C.
465
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HISTORICAL
CHAPTER I.
INDIAN TRIBES.
To give the best history of a county it is necessary to begin with the first records, and although these first records may be worn by eons of time, and the proper comprehension of them rendered impossible by this same all-destroy- ing hand, it is, nevertheless, the province of the historian to relate them, and explain. In the case of many parts of Indiana, including Tipton county, the first known humans inhabiting the country were the Mound Builders. It is with them that we shall first have to do.
MOUND BUILDERS.
Upon the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus in 1492, four centuries and a quarter ago, the remains of ancient earth-works, mounds, moats and forts were scattered from Mexico all along the Mississippi and Ohio river valleys, thence to the northern lake regions. The Indians knew little or nothing of these mounds, and could not tell their purpose nor the race of men who built them. A few vague and conflicting superstitions alone re- mained. The city of St. Louis was a city of mounds, while on the opposite side of the river more than two hundred mounds were counted. The mounds at Grave creek, Marietta, Miami and Vincennes, with many others, are but little less immense and imposing. The walls and embankments in the locality of Newark, Ohio, measured more than twenty miles in length. Similar walls and circles are found all over Indiana and several other states, one of the best preserved in this state being about three miles east of Anderson; another near the confluence of Bear and Duck creeks with White river. The latter is the only circle in the state having the moat or ditch on the outside. The rivers and streams formed the highways and channels of commerce for these mysterious people, and upon the banks they built their cities. It is reasonable to suppose that they were connected with the highly advanced Indians of
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TIPTON COUNTY, INDIANA.
Mexico and South America, and that their civilization was progressive and far ahead of the Indian whom the white man found here.
Although Tipton county is a natural water-shed, and would present very unattractive prospects to the Indian of those times, the county has many evi- dences of this prehistoric race. . From the Wabash they followed up the Wild- cat to its headwaters, in the northeast part of the county, and there estab- lished a colony, and cultivated the soil. A mound and numerous rough and polished stone implements have been found in this locality. The southeastern part of Tipton county was still more thickly populated. From their capital city and old circle at Strawtown, on White river, they followed up Duck creek, and formed a continuous line of settlement on the banks of this stream, and inland through that portion of the county. There a stone circle, several sacri- ficial and burial mounds, with highly polished implements, bear evidence of their ancient existence. Again, in the southwestern portion of the county, on the banks of Cicero creek, there are other evidences of these people. There at another diverging line, near where Center Grove church stood, these ancient people also had a place of worship, the pyramidal foundation of which was sixty-four feet in diameter.
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