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526 C 72 GO. 2
F 526 . C72 Copy 2
War Departmel
THE STATE OFD
INDIABRARY, DELINEATED
GEOGRAPHICAL, HISTORICAL,
STATISTICAL & COMMERCIAL,
AND A BRIEF VIEW OF THE
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS,
GEOLOGY, EDUCATION, TRAVELLING ROUTES, &c.,
Prepared to accompany Colton's Map.
NEW-YORK: PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON 1838.
F526 . CY2 Cafel 2
ENTERED, according to act of congress, in the year 1838, by J. H. Colton, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Southern District of New - York.
By transfer OCT 7 1915
CONTENTS.
Boundaries, Situation and Extent,
PAGE
Names of the Counties, with their Population, &c., ......
7
Increase of Population,.
9
Number of Polls, amount of Taxables, &c.,.
13
10
Sketches of each County,
44
Internal Improvements,.
Table of Altitudes,
49
Geology,
58
Form of Government,
63
64
Education,
Public Lands,
64
69
History,
70
Travelling Routes,
Consulting Index,
76
6
ADVERTISEMENT.
THIS book is designed to accompany Colton's Large Map of Indiana, and add to the usefulness and interest of that work. Conciseness and accuracy have been studied in the descriptions. Much of the in- formation detailed has been obtained by the pub- lisher recently, in his efforts to collect materials to complete the map, from gentlemen residing in the State of Indiana, and agents employed for the pur- pose. Reference has also been had to the valuable Gazetteer of Indiana, published in 1833, at India- napolis, by Messrs. Douglass & Maguire, and to " Peck's New Guide for Emigrants to the West."
In the preparation of the map no pains have been spared, with regard to accuracy and style of execu- tion, to render it worthy of all confidence and pa- tronage. J. H. C.
· B
-
BOUNDARIES, SITUATION AND EXTENT.
THE State of Indiana is bounded on the north by Lake Michigan and the State of Michigan, east by the State of Ohio, south by the Ohio River, which separates it from Kentucky, and west by the State of Illinois; situated between 37° 50' and 41° 46' north latitude, and between 7º 47' and 11° west longitude from Washington City. Length, about 260 miles from north to south, and 150 miles in width from east to west; containing an area of about 37,000 square miles.
.
War Department
STATE OFPINDIANA.
THE State is divided into 88 counties, which are enumerated in the following table, with the dates of their formation, the number of square miles in each, and their population in 1830, except such as have been formed since 1830.
Counties.
Date. Sq m. [Po. 1830
County seats.
Adams,.
1836
336
Decatur.
Allen,. .
1824
650
1,000
Fort Wayne.
Bartholomew,
1821
396
5,480
Columbus.
Boone,
1830
408
622 Lebanon.
Blackford,.
1839
182
Brown,.
1836
310
Nashville.
Carroll,
1828
380
1,614 Delphi.
Cass, .
1829
415
1,154|Logansport.
Clark,
1802
400
10,719 Charleston.
Clay, ..
1825
360
1,616 Bowling Green. .
Clinton,
1830
432
1,423 Frankfort.
Crawford,
1818
300
3,184 Fredonia.
Daviess,
1816
420
4,512 Washington.
Dearborn,
1802
380 14,573|Lawrenceburgh.
Decatur,.
1821
340
5,854 Greensburgh.
De Kalb,
1835
365
Auburn.
Delaware,
1827
384
2,372 Muncietown.
Dubois,.
1817
432
1,774 Jasper.
Elkhart,
1830
460
935
Goshen.
Fayette,
1818
200
9,112 Connersville.
Floyd,.
1819
144
6,363
New-Albany.
Fountain,
1825
390
7,644 Covington.
Franklin,.
1810
400 10,199 Brookville.
Fulton,.
1836
350
Rochester.
Gibson,.
1813
450
5,417
Princeton. Marion.
Grant,
1831
415
Greene,.
1821
540
4,253 Bloomfield.
Hamilton,.
1823
400
1,705 Noblesville.
Hancock,
1828|
310
1,569 Greenfield.
8
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &C.
Counties.
Dat :. |Sq.m. Po. 1830 County seats.
Harrison, .
18"8
470
10,288 Corydon.
Hendricks,.
1:23
380
3,967 Danville.
Heury, ..
1821
385
6,498 | New-Castle.
Huntington,.
1832
384
Huntington.
Jackson,
1815
500
4,894 Brownstown.
Jasper,
1836
370
Portland.
Jay,. .
1809
360 11,465 Madison.
Jefferson,
1816
380!
3,950 Vernon.
Johnson, .
1822
320
4,130 Franklin.
Knox,
1802
540
6,557 Vincennes.
Kosciusko,.
1835
567
Warsaw.
Lagrange,.
1832
380
Lima.
Lake,.
1836
468
Lake C. H.
Laporte,.
1832
460
Laporte.
Lawrence,
1818
438
9,237 Bedford.
Madison,.
1823
390
2,442 | Andersontown.
Marshall,
1835
440
Plymouth.
Marion,.
1821
400
7,181| Indianapolis.
Martin,
1818
300
2,010| Mount Pleasant.
Miami,
1832
380
Peru.
Monroe,
1818
420
6,57 Bloomington.
Montgomery, .
1822
504
7,376 Crawfordsville.
Morgan,.
1821
453
Newton,
1837
640
Noble, .
1836
432
Augusta.
Orange,
1815
400
Owen,.
1818
396
4,060 Spencer.
Parke,
1821
450
7,534 Rockville.
Perry,
1816
325
2,464 Petersburgh.
Porter,
1835
415
Valparaiso.
Posey,
1836
342
Putnam,.
1821
486
3,195 Greencastle.
Randolph,
1818
440
3,912| Winchester.
Ripley,
1818
400
3,957 Versailles.
Rush,.
1821
410
9,918 Rushville.
Scott,.
1817
200
3,097 Lexington.
Shelby,.
1821
410
6,294 Shelbyville.
Spencer, 1818
400
3,187 Rockport. 287 | South Beml.
St. Joseph, 1830
468
Stark, .. 1837
432
Steuben, ..
1837
325
Angola.
Sullivan,. . 1816
43 .
4,696 Merom.
Switzerland,
1814
216!
7.111 Vevay.
6,883| Mount Vernon.
1814
450
Pulaski,
1814
400
3,378 Rome.
Pike,.
5,579 Martinsville.
7,909 Paoli.
-
1837
700
Jennings,
9
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &c.
Counties.
Date. |Sq.m. l'o. 1830
County seats.
Tippecanoe,
1826
504
7,167
Lafayette.
Union, .
1821
168
7,957
Liberty.
Vanderburg,
1818
225
2,610
Evansville.
Vermillion,
1823
280
5,706
Newport.
Vigo,. .
1818
400
5,737
Terre Haute.
Wabash,.
1832
415
Wabash.
Warren,
1828
350
2,854
Williamsport.
Warrick,.
1813
360
2,973
Boonville.
Washington,
1813
540
13,072
Salem.
Wayne,
1810
420|23,344 |Centreville.
Wells,
1937
372
White,.
1836
530
Monticello.
Whitley,
1838
324
To give some idea of the surprising increase of population and wealth, since the early settlement of the state, the following tables are inserted.
In the year 1800, the territory at present occupied by the state of Indiana, contained a population of 2,641
1810,
24,520
1820,
147,178
1825,
222,000
1830,
.341,582
1838, it is estimated at,
. 700,000
Increase from 1800 to 1810,
21,879
1810
1820,
122,658
1820
1825,. 74,822
1825
1830, ,119,582
1830
1838, estimated, 358,418
The following statement is taken from the Annual Report of the Auditor to the General Assembly, December 8, 1837, exhibiting the number of polls, the value of lands and improvements taxed, the to- tal amount of taxables, and the gross amount of B *
10
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &c.
revenue, at the rate of 15 cents on the one hundred dollars, and 50 cents on each poll, in the respective counties, for 1837 :-
Counties.
No. of Polls.
Value of land and improve- ments taxed.
Total amount of Gross amt. Taxables.
of Reven.
Allen
756
$ 476,647
cts.
$
cts.
$ cts. 2,093 10
Adams,.
117
7,600
25,491
96 74
Bartholomew,
1,097
874,294
1,329,455 13
2,542 68
Boone, ..
395
131,357
418,829
1,793 98
Brown,
226
8,152
51,529 .
190 29
Clark,.
1,722
1,735,712
2,869,175
5,164 76
Clay,.
533
270,317 27
671 97
Crawford,.
560
208,907
381,454
849 18
Carroll,
1.164
674,795
1,062,593
2,175 89
Cass,. .
953
323,126
827,567
1,670 95
Clinton,.
806
638.259
880,489
1,723 73
Dearborn,.
2,333
2,510,521
4,048,509
7,241 76
Decatur,.
1,406
1,400,225
1,725,410
3,291 11
Daviess,
864
369,067
635,237
1,384 85
Dubois,
352
102,715
227,911
517 86
Delaware,.
982
296,279
534,295
1,292 44
De Kalb,
184
14.439
113 66
Elkhart,.
845
383.798
698,588
1,470 88
Fayette,
1,446
2,295,637
3,132,095
5,421 14
Floyd,.
1,408
1,092,404 50
3.005.221
5,211 83
Franklin,
1,689
1,875,198
2,621,27 L
4,776 40
Fountain,
1,713
1,373,060
2,001,775
3,859 16
Fulton,
126
66.882 77
100,089 77
213 13
Gibson.
1,131
714,018
1,271,886
2,173 33
Greene,.
740
222,204
425,014
1,007 52
Grant, ..
455
146,695
208 888 50
540 83
Hamilton,
1,004
382.767
605,023
1,409 53
Harrison,.
1,471
955,873
1,371,187
2,792 28
Hendricks,
1,470
912,334
1,366,031
2,784 05
Henry,
1,874
1,585,302
2,13 ,725
4,137 58
Hancock,.
920
418,187
627,041 03
1,400 56
Huntington,
213
7,260
46,653
431 47
Jackson,
980
406,919
753,590
1,620 38
Jefferson,
2,058
3,037,825
3,986,950
4,709 42
Jennings,
980
495,337
810,838
1,646 25
Johnson,.
1,194
809,085
1,208,925
2,410 39
Jay,.
213
1,040
18,936
134 90
Knox, ..
1,345
1,022,106
2,019,111
3,701 16
Kosciusko,
437
21,981
132,123
416 68
Lawrence,,
1,480
1,078,244
1,639,423
3,199 13
1,143,402
11
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &C.
Counties.
No. Polls.
and Value of land improve- ments taxed.
Total amount of "ross amt. Taxables. of Revenue.
"Lagrange,
252
6,427 96
71,571 46
Laporte,.
1,491
1,122,326
2,047,048
3,816 07
Lake,. .
226
77,788 88
149,595 89
337 39
Madison,.
1,123
381,278
603,850
1,467 28
Marion,.
2,203
1,976,850
3,621,156
6,533 23
Martin,.
392
79,915
171,000
452 50
Monroe, .
1,200
586.468
1,041,552
2,162 33
Montgomery,
2,043
2,225,147
3,190,975
5,807 96
Morgan,
1,237
807,213
1,191,570
2,412 86
Miami,
304
182,418
284,419
578 63
Marshall,
173
93,979
155,912 48
320 36
Noble,.
246
50,806
199 21
Newton,
Orange,.
1,152
568,896
1,020,787
2,107 18
Owen,
834
365,611
609,289
1,330 93
Parke,.
1,563
1,329,159
1,895,545
3,624 81
Perry,.
583
295,482
501,557
1,043 84
Pike,.
512
195,494
385,061
833 59
Posey,.
1,159
764,105
1,454,288 52
2,760 93
Putnam,
1,986
1,390,647
2,034,737
4,045 10
Porter, .
321
76,910
187,676
447 01
Randolph,
1,196
578,094
741,943
1,710 91
Ripley,
1,058
581,367
869,748
1,823 12
Rualı,
2,074
2,593,661
3,479,020
6,255 53
Scott,.
515
199,115
332,207
755 81
Shelby,
1,629
1,143,750
1,599,195
3,213 29
Spencer,.
629
348,423
:22,949
1,098 92
Switzerland,
1,264
1,071,350
1,535,855
2,935 78
St. Joseph,.
995
704,834
1,305,315
2,455 49
Stark,.
Sullivan,
919
402,740
716,621
1,534 43
Steuben,.
312
63,712
231 50
Tippecanoe,.
2,146
2,029,771
3,613,928
6,493 89
Union,.
1,014
1,515,536
1,929,538
3,401 38
Vanderburg,.
812
666,743
1,661,005
2,897 50
Vermillion,
1,179
584,977
1,130,060
2,284 59
Vigo,
1,638
1,058,165
2,368,759 50
4,372 14
Warrick, ..
675
213,207
426,082 58
972 62
Washington, ..
1,890
1,370,503
22,385,032
4,522 62
Wayne,.
2,974
3,299,113
4,780,478
8,657 13
Warren,
858
766,290
1,188.724
2,212 09
White,.
276
81,262
153,863 50
368 79
Wabash,
228
74,744
138,549 50
321 82
Wells,.
93
4,786
13,602
66 90
82,921
61,033,425 11
98,141,063 12 149,415 13
* Incomplete.
of
$ cts.
$ cts.
$ cts. 233 36
Pulaski,.
12
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &C.
In the above statement, Blackford, Jasper, New- ton, Pulaski, Stark and Whitley counties, are not mentioned, being at the time unorganized, and con- nected with other counties.
At first view, the estimate of 700,000 inhabitants at the present time, may seem incredible; but the last official returns of the assessment of taxable property made from the several counties in the state, sufficiently indicate the increase of population to remove all distrust of the correctness of the estimate.
These returns show, that the taxable polls of 1830 amounted to 52,196 ; the same for 1835, amounted to 64,289 ; for 1837, to 85,000.
It will be perceived from this, that the increase of the last two years amounts to 20,711 polls, whilst the increase of the five preceding years amounts to only 12,093-showing an astonishing increase of emigration from year to year, which will doubtless continue years to come.
1
SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
IN THE
STATE OF INDIANA.
ADAMS COUNTY .- Organized in 1836; con- tains about 336 square miles ; bounded north by Allen county, east by the state of Ohio, south by Jay, west by Wells, counties. Population about 300. Soil, desirable for cultivation. The river St. Mary's flows through the north part, and the Wabash through the south part of the county. DECATUR is the county seat.
ALLEN COUNTY .- Organized in 1824; con- tains an area of 650 square miles ; bounded north by De Kalb and Noble counties, east by the state of Ohio, south by Adams and Wells, west by Whit- ley and Huntington counties. The face of the country is generally level and well timbered ; there are, however, some wet prairies, which are highly prized for the heavy growth of grass, which serves the new settlers for hay and winter pasture for their cattle ;- ultimately, these prairies will doubt- less be made very valuable by draining. Streams, the St. Joseph's from the north, and the St. Mary's from the south, unite at Fort Wayne, and form the Maumee, which takes an easterly direction to Lake
.
14
SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
Erie-Little river in the western part of the county, and numerous creeks. The Wabash and Erie Canal, which will connect Lake Erie at To- ledo with the Ohio river at Evansville-and the Michigan and Illinois Canal, forming a junction with the Wabash and Erie Canal at Fort Wayne, extends to, and connects with, a similar undertaking . in the state of Illinois. FORT WAYNE is the county seat. It is situated on the south side of Maumee river, high and beautiful, commanding a view of the surrounding country. In the midst of a rich and fertile country, with the advantages of canals and navigable rivers, it cannot fail to become one of the most important commercial towns in the state. Its present population is about 1,500.
BARTHOLOMEW COUNTY .- Organized in 1821; contains 396 square miles ; bounded north by Johnson and Shelby, east by Decatur, south by Jennings and Jackson, west by Brown, counties. The principal streams are the East Fork of White river, Flat Rock and Clifty creeks. A rail-road from Indianapolis to Madison passes through the county a distance of 23 miles ; and the rail-road from Jeffersonville to Indianapolis forms a junction at COLUMBUS, the county seat. There is consider- able broken and hilly land in the county, but it is generally fertile; and in the neighbourhood of White river and its tributaries especially, it is very excellent.
BLACKFORD COUNTY .- Established Feb., 1838. Population about 150-containing about 182 square miles; bounded north by Wells, south by Delaware, east by Jay, west by Grant, counties. The soil is mostly susceptible of cultivation-the
15
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA.
southern portion, especially, is considered excellent land. The Salamanie river is the principal stream, besides which there are several small creeks. MONTPELIER is the principal town.
BOONE COUNTY .- Organized in 1830; con- tains 408 square miles ; bounded north by Clinton, east by Hamilton, south by Marion and Hendricks, west by Montgomery, counties. Surface, generally level. Soil, excellent ; forest land interspersed with prairie, wet and dry. The branches of the Raccoon and Sugar creeks are the principal streams. LEBA- NON is the county seat.
BROWN COUNTY .- Recently organized ; contains 310 square miles ; bounded north by Mor- gan and Johnson, east by Bartholomew, south by Jackson and Lawrence, and west by Monroe, coun- ties. Streams-Salt creek is the principal, and many smaller, its tributaries. Surface, undulating and hilly; soil, productive. NASHVILLE is the county seat.
CARROLL COUNTY .- Organized in 1828; contains 380 square miles ; bounded north by White and Cass counties, east by Cass county and the Miami Reserve, south by Clinton, west by Tippe- canoe and White counties. Surface, generally level ; the largest portion timber, but considerable prairie land. Deer Prairie is the largest and most beauti- ful. Near DELPHI, the county seat, there is a re- markable spring of water of a reddish colour. Prin- cipal water courses are the Wabash river, Deer, Rock and Wildcat creeks. The county is in- creasing rapidly in population and improvement. The Wabash and Erie Canal passes through it.
CASS COUNTY .- Organized in 1829; con-
16
SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
tains 415 square miles ; bounded north by Pulaski and Fulton, east by Miami, south by Carroll county and Miami Reserve, west by Carroll and White counties. The face of the country is generally level; it abounds with springs of excellent water, and the streams are sufficiently rapid to furnish great facilities for mills and machinery of every description. The principal streams are the Wabash and Eel rivers, which unite at LOGANSPORT, the county seat-a large and flourishing town. The Wabash and Erie Canal passes through this county.
CLARKE COUNTY .- Organized in 1802; con- tains an area of 400 square miles ; bounded north by Jefferson and Scott counties, east and south by the Ohio river, west by Floyd and Washington counties. Surface, rolling, but not hilly, except the bluffs bordering the Ohio and its tributaries. Be- sides the Ohio, are numerous small streams, the most important of which are Silver and Fourteen Mile creeks. A rail-road from Jeffersonville to Indianapolis, and one from Jeffersonville to New- Albany, are located through this county. CHARLES- TON is the county seat.
CLAY COUNTY .- Organized in 1825; con- tains 360 square miles ; bounded north by Parke, east by Putnam and Owen, south by Greene, west by Sullivan and Vigo counties. Principal streams are Eel river, Birch, Otter, Cross and Jordan creeks. It has a fair proportion of good land for cultivation, the largest portion heavily timbered; in the south- western part are some beautiful prairies. The Cross Cut Canal passes through the county diago- nally, and forms a junction with the Central Canal
17
IN THE STATE OF INDLINA.
in Greene county. BOWLING-GREEN is the county seat.
CLINTON COUNTY .- Organized in 1830; contains 432 square miles ; bounded north by Car- roll county and the Miami Reservation, east by Miami Reservation and Hamilton county, south by Boone, west by Montgomery and Tippecanoe coun- ties. Chief streams, middle fork and south fork of the Wild Cat, Sugar creek, and some smaller ones. Surface, generally level-and, excepting the "Twelve mile prairie," is timbered. Soil, rich and fertile. FRANKFORT is the county seat.
CRAWFORD COUNTY .- Organized in IS18; contains about 300 square miles ; bounded north by Orange and Washington, east by Harrison county, south by Ohio river and Perry county, west by Du- bois county. Surface, hilly and broken. The prin- cipal streams are the Ohio and Blue rivers, which wash the borders of the county on the south and east-Little Blue river, and other smaller streams. The rail-road from New-Albany to Mount Carmel, Ill., is located through this county. FREDONIA, on the Ohio, is the county seat.
DAVIESS COUNTY .- Organized in 1816 ; contains 420 square miles ; bounded north by Greene, east by Martin, counties, south by the East Fork of White river, which divides it from Pike and Dubois counties, west by the west fork of White river, which divides it from Knox county. The principal streams are the east and west branches of White river-Prairie, Smothers, Veal, Aikman's and Sugar creeks. White river affords steamboat navigation about six months in the year. The whole county may be considered good farming
B 1
18
SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
land. The northern portion is level-the eastern and southern undulating, but not hilly. There are many fine prairies-the principal of which are Steele, Hawkins' and Owl prairies. The Mac Adamized road from New-Albany to Vincennes, is located through the centre of the county from east to west, and the Central Canal from north to south. WASHINGTON, the county seat, is a flourishing town of about 800 inhabitants, and rapidly increasing.
DEARBORN COUNTY .- Organized in 1802; contains about 380 square miles ; bounded north by Franklin county, east by the state of Ohio and Ohio river, south by Switzerland, and west by Ripley, counties. The principal streams, besides the Ohio, are the Great Miami and White Water rivers- Laughery, Tanner's and Hogan's creeks. Surface, rather hilly and broken, with rich bottom lands on the rivers. White Water Canal, and the Law- renceburgh and Indianapolis Rail-Road terminate at LAWRENCEBURGH, the county seat.
DECATUR COUNTY .- Organized in 1821 ; contains 340 square miles; bounded north by Rush, east by Franklin, south by Ripley and Jennings, west by Bartholomew and Shelby counties. Sur- face, gently undulating and well timbered. Soil, adapted to grain; very little waste land in the coun- ty. Flat Rock, Clifty and Sand creeks, are good mill streams. The Lawrenceburgh and Indian- apolis Rail-Road is located through the county. GREENSBURGH is the county seat.
DE KALB COUNTY .- Recently organized ; contains 365 square miles ; bounded north by Steu- ben county, east by state of Ohio, south by Allen, west by Noble, counties. Principal streams, the
19
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA.
St. Joseph's of the Maumee, Cedar, Little Cedar, Fish, Buck and Bear creeks. AUBURN is the coun- ty seat.
DELAWARE COUNTY .- Organized in 1827; contains 384 square miles ; bounded north by Grant and Blackford, east by Jay and Randolph, south by Henry, west by Madison, counties. Surface, gene- rally level; soil, productive. Principal streams, west fork of White, and the Mississinewa rivers ; besides which are several considerable streams, as Bell creek, Buck creek, &c. From MUNCIETOWN, the county seat, there is a canal located west.
DUBOIS COUNTY .- Organized in 1817 ; con- tains 432 square miles ; bounded north by Daviess and Martin, east by Orange and Crawford, south by Perry, Spencer and Warrick, west by Pike, counties. Principal streams, the east fork of White river, on the northern boundary; Patoka and Huntley's creeks, Strait river, &c. Surface, rolling-some parts hilly ; soil, good. The New- Albany and Mount Carmel Rail-Road is located through this county. JASPER is the county seat.
ELKHART COUNTY .- Organized in 1830; contains 460 square miles ; bounded north by the state of Michigan, east by Lagrange and Noble counties, south by Kosciusko, and west by Marshall and St. Joseph counties. Rivers, the St. Joseph and Elkhart are the principal ; tributary to these are Little Elkhart river, Pine, Turkey, Yellow, Chris- tian and Baubawgo creeks. The Northern Canal, and the Buffalo and Mississippi Rail-Road, pass through this county. "In no county in the state are the proportions of prairie, oak openings and timbered lands, more convenient than in Elkhart.
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SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
No county is better watered with springs and un- failing streams. In its scenery, there is nothing grand or sublime; but in the spring and summer, when clad in the freshness and splendour of ver- dure and flowers, nothing can surpass it in beauty. Through the oak openings, far as the eye can ex- tend, and over the broad surface of the prairies, is spread out a carpet of green, decorated with flowers of every hue; the smooth surface of its streams, and of its small, clear lakes, here and there inter .. spersed, and the bold line of forest trees, which form the back ground of the prairie view ;- these are fea- tures, which, when combined, give to the face of nature an aspect of tranquil repose." GOSHEN is the county seat, pleasantly situated on the Elkhart river, near the centre of the county, and on the bor- der of the Elkhart prairie.
FAYETTE COUNTY .- Organized in 1818; contains 200 square miles ; bounded north by Henry and Wayne, east by Union, south by Franklin, west by Rush, counties. Surface, agreeably rolling ; soil, rich. Principal streams, the west branch of the White Water, and the creeks flowing into it. The White Water Canal passes through the county. CONNERSVILLE is the county seat.
FLOYD COUNTY .- Organized in 1819; con- tains an area of 144 square miles ; bounded north by Washington and Clarke, east by Clarke county and the Ohio river, south and west by Harrison county. The Ohio flows along its southern boun- dary, and Silver creek divides it from Clarke coun- ty on the east-Big and Little Indian creeks, &c. Surface, various ; soil, rather inferior. NEW-AL- BANY, on the Ohio river, about 2 miles below the
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IN THE STATE OF INDIANA.
falls, is the county seat. It is a very enterprising and important town, estimated to contain about 6,000 inhabitants. Here are several large iron and brass foundries, factories and mills of various kinds ; steamboat building is carried on to consider- able extent ; there are many schools and seminaries of learning of a high order. A rail-road is chartered from Mount Carmel, Ill., to this place ; also, a Mac Adamized road from this place to Vincennes, and another to Crawfordsville, and a rail-road to Jeffer- sonville.
FOUNTAIN COUNTY .- Organized in 1825; contains 390 square miles ; bounded north by War- ren, east by Tippecanoe and Montgomery, south by Parke, west by Vermillion and Warren counties. Principal streams, the Wabash on the western and northern boundaries; Coal creek and Shawnee creek, and their tributaries, in the interior, which afford abundant facilities for mills, &c. Surface, un- dulating-largest portion is woodland, but there are many beautiful prairies; soil, very excellent. The Wabash and Erie Canal passes through the county. COVINGTON is the county seat.
FRANKLIN COUNTY .- Organized in 1810; contains an area of 400 square miles ; bounded north by Fayette and Union counties, east by the state of Ohio, south by Dearborn and Ripley, west by De- catur and Rush counties. The eastern part of the county is rolling, the western level-the eastern and northern section is considered most fertile. Princi- pal water courses, the east and west branches of the White Water, which unite at Brookville, near the centre of the county, affording immense water power; besides which are Salt creek, Pipe creek, B 1*
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