USA > Indiana > A popular history of Indiana : with an introduction > Part 15
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As we again look upon the sites of these forts in the year 1890, we fail to recognize our early friends, as we find our- selves in the midst of thriving, prosperous, handsomely-built cities with every modern improvement. Fort Ouiatenon we remember as the first post established, though it never developed into a city. But only a few miles from its site the beautiful little city of Lafayette has grown up. It contains a population of over 16,000, and the country around it, which is highly culti- vated and productive, is thickly settled. The farmers are pros- perous and intelligent. The city is well built, is lighted by gas and electricity, and has water works, street railways, a tele- phone exchange, and a public library of over 9,000 volumes. It is the seat of Purdue University, and has a fine system of public schools. The citizens take especial pride in making their homes handsome and attractive, some of the residences
275
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
being unsurpassed by any in the state, while the church edifices and public halls are modern and costly. L'afayette has many prosperous manufacturing establishments, and is an important jobbing and distributing center.
Where Post St. Vincent, or, as it was at first known, "poste du Oubache," once sheltered and harbored the little French garrison, commanded by brave and noble officers: where General Clark, so fearless and resolute, gained a foot- hold for American control in the northwest; where Captain Helm so bravely and heroically held, with one private, the fort for hours against an assault of a large British force; where the first white settlement in Indiana, and one of the first in the west, which could be called a town, was founded, we find the hand- some little city of Vincennes, containing about 12,000 people. The streets are wide and beautifully shaded, the business blocks substantially built, and the public buildings highly creditable to a city of its size, the court house having cost $300,000, and one of the thirteen public halls $75,000. There are many hand- some homes, and the city, in addition to all modern improve- ments, is fortunate in the possession of three parks. Fine educational advantages are afforded by St. Rose's Academy and Vincennes University in addition to those of the public schools. The city is situated in the midst of a rich agricultural district, and being located on the Wabash river, which is naviga- ble from this point to the Ohio, has fine shipping facilities, and affords cheap freight rates on manufactured goods. Four rail- roads pass through the city.
At the point so long held by the Indians-so bravely and
276
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
persistently defended by them-the favorite resort of the tribes of the northwest, where their chief villages, those of Kekionga were situated; the point which General Washington considered the most important for the American forces to hold, and where, after General Wayne's victories over the Indians, a post was built and named for him; the point which was held successively by four different nations-the French, English, Indians and Americans-is now the site of the city of Fort Wayne, an im- portant commercial and manufacturing center. Where once the feasts of cannibals were held, 37,000 people are now engaged in the employments and pursuits of modern life. Passing through, or terminating in the city, are six important railroads. Its business prosperity rests upon its extensive manufacturing interests. The number of employes in the various mills and factories is about 5,000. Fort Wayne has an excellent system of water works, an efficient fire department, and fire-alarm tele- graph, and all other modern improvements. The streets are prettily shaded and well kept, and many of the residences are elegant and commodious. The city boasts of many fine educa- tional institutions. In addition to twelve fine public school buildings are the Concordia College, Taylor University, West- minster Seminary, a college of medicine, a business college, two musical conservatories, and several other private and denomina- ational schools. A few miles northeast of the city is located the Academy of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart. And very lately has been established east of the city the Home for Feeble- Minded Children, a very extensive and beneficent state institution.
277
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Second in size only to Indianapolis is Evansville, which contains over 50,000 inhabitants. It was named for General Evans, one of its founders. It is one of the most enterprising and progressive cities of the state. Picturesquely located on the hills overlooking the Ohio river, with lines of steamboats leaving daily for points on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, and with five lines of railroads, the transportation facilities leave little to be desired. Rich and inexhaustible supplies of coal and iron are found in the neighborhood of the city, and mining forms one of the principal industries. It is surrounded also by one of the finest grain and meat-producing sections of the state. Evansville has large and important manufacturing establish- ments. The lumber interest is of commanding importance. The county buildings are new and imposing, and the business blocks substantial and handsome, while many beautiful homes and church edifices adorn the city. Among the various modern improvements are thirty-six miles of street railway. Fifteen public schools, two business colleges, and several denomina- tional schools provide the youth with educational advantages. Three public libraries and an art gallery minister to the literary and artistic tastes of the inhabitants. The Southern Hospital for the Insane, an important state institution, is located at Evansville.
Another flourishing city is Terre Haute, which is situated on the high banks of the Wabash river. It was laid out in 1816 by the Terre Haute Company. In 1853 it was incorpor- ated as a city, and since 1870 its growth has been remarkable. The country adjoining Terre Haute is very fertile, and has con-
278
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
tributed largely to the prosperity of the city. It has a number of extensive and successful manufactories, and is a leading rail- road center. Some of the largest wholesale houses of the state are found here. Terre Haute is a wealthy, handsomely-built city, and has a population exceeding 30,000. The schools are numerous and well equipped. The State Normal School is- located at this point, and the Terre Haute School of Industrial Science.
Of the remaining cities of the state we can but briefly mention the most important-New Albany, where so much steamboat building is carried on, and where the largest plate glass works in the world are situated; Richmond, the home of a large Quaker element, and noted for the refinement and cul- ture of its people: Logansport, enterprising and progressive, and the location of the Northern Hospital for the Insane; South Bend, bright, energetic and attractive, where the largest wagon works in the world are located; Madison, a city of beautiful homes; Michigan City, the only lake port, and the location of the Northern prison; Jeffersonville, a lively manufacturing city, and the seat of the Southern prison. There are also the four wide-awake and prosperous cities of the gas fields-Anderson, Muncie, Marion and Kokomo-which doubled in population between 1880 and IS90, and which apparently have a great future before them. Besides these, there are numerous pretty towns of from 2,000 to 10,000 inhabitants, dotted over the state, possessing many modern improvements, well supplied with churches and schools, and containing an alert, active and pro- gressive population.
279
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
As we consider the present domestic and social condition of the inhabitants, not only of our larger towns and cities, but of the rural districts as well, we can but contrast them with those of fifty and sixty years ago.
The fields were then cultivated entirely by hand, requiring weeks to do what now is accomplished in a few hours by machinery. The spinning, weaving, and stitch, stitch, stitching of the long seams, which then occupied so much of woman's time, are now likewise done by the factor- ies and the sewing machine. The rude log-cabin has made way for the mansion of brick and stone, or the pretty, comfor- table frame cottage. Instead of bare floors or rag-carpets, we tread on soft carpeting. In the place of the tallow candle, we illuminate our homes with a flood of gas or elec- tric light. The plain furniture, which barely sufficed to provide comfort, is now supplanted by that which is luxurious and artistic. With books we are almost surfeited, while the few volumes found in the pioneer home were deemed its treasures. Rare and beautiful pictures look down upon us from our walls, supplanting the strings of dried apples hang- ing from the ceiling, and the gun at the side of the door kept for use in case of an Indian attack. And few homes are, to-day, considered complete without a piano or musical instrument of some kind. In place of the long horse-back jaunts, requiring two and three weeks to go from the central part of the state to either the northern or southern extrem- ities, we are swiftly carried in luxurious cars from point to point. We use the telegraph more freely than our fathers did
280
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
the mails; and the telephone seems now an indispensable adjunct to business life. The educational facilities, so crude and limited in those early days, are now superior and abundant.
This glimpse of the state's present condition reveals a picture of prosperity and great possibilities. We now bid farewell to the history of Indiana, and to the youth of the state, with the earnest hope that they with whose future its destiny rests, will ever lead her onward and upward in the noble and honorable career upon which she has been so grandly started.
INDIANA OFFICIAL REGISTER.
TERRITORIAL GOVERNORS.
Arthur St. Clair, Governor Northwest Territory. John Gibson, from 1800 to January 10, 1801. William H. Harrison, from 1801 to 1812. Thomas Posey, from 1812 to 1816.
GOVERNORS OF THE STATE.
Jonathan Jennings, from 1816 to 1822. Ratliffe Boone, from September 12 to December 5, 1822. William Hendricks, from 1822 to 1825. James B. Ray (acting ), February 12 to December 11, 1825. James B. Ray, from 1825 to 1831. Noah Noble, from 1831 to 1837. David Wallace, from 1837 to 1840. Samuel Bigger, from 1840 to 1843. James Whitcomb, from 1843 to 1848. Paris C. Dunning (acting ), from 1848 to 1849. Joseph A. Wright, from 1849 to 1857.
291
282
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Ashbel P. Willard, from 1857 to 1860.
Abram A. Hammond (acting), from 1860 to 1861.
Henry S. Lane, from January 14 to January 16, 1861. Oliver P. Morton (acting), from 1861 to 1865. Oliver P. Morton, from 1865 to 1867. Conrad Baker (acting), from 1867 to 1869. Conrad Baker, from 1869 to 1873.
Thomas A. Hendricks, from 1873 to 1877.
James D. Williams, from 1877 to 1880.
Isaac P. Gray (acting), from 1880 to ISSI.
Albert G. Porter, from ISSI to 1885.
Isaac P. Gray, from 1885 to 1889.
Alvin P. Hovey, from 1889 to
LIEUTENANT GOVERNORS.
Christopher Harrison, from IS16 to 1819. Ratliffe Boone, from 1819 to 1825. John H. Thompson, from IS25 to 1828. Milton Stapp, from 1828 to 1831. David Wallace, from 1831 to IS37. David Hillis, from 1837 to 1840. Samuel Hall, from 1840 to 1843. Jesse D. Bright, from 1843 to 1845. Godlove S. Orth (acting), 1845. James G. Reed (acting), 1846. Paris C. Dunning, from 1846 to 1848. James G. Reed (acting ), 1849. James H. Lane, from 1849 to 1852.
283
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Ashbel P. Willard, from 1852 to 1857. Abram A. Hammond, from 1857 to 1860. John R. Cravens ( acting), from 1859 to 1863. Paris C. Dunning (acting), 1863 to 1865. Conrad Baker, from 1865 to 1867 Will Cumback (acting), from 1867 to 1869. Will Cumback, from 1869 to IS73. Leonidas Sexton, from 1873 to 1877. Isaac P. Gray, from 1877 to 1880. Frederick W. Viehe (acting), ISSI.
Thomas Hanna, from ISSI to 1885. Mahlon D. Manson, from 1885 to 1886. Robert S. Robertson, from 1887 to 1889."
Ira J. Chase, from 1889 to -.
JUDGES OF THE SUPREME COURT.
James Scott, from 1816 to 1831. John Johnson, from 1816 to 1817. Jesse L. Holman, from 1816 to 1831. Isaac Blackford, from ISI7 to 1853. Stephen C. Stephens, from 1831 to 1836. John T. Mckinney, from 1831 to 1837. Charles Dewey, from 1836 to 1847. Jeremiah Sullivan, from 1837 to 1846. Samuel E. Perkins, from 1846 to 1865. Thomas L. Smith, from 1847 to 1853.
* Title contested, and A. G. Smith, President of the Senate, presided over that body.
,
284
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Andrew Davison, from 1853 to 1865.
William Z. Stuart, from 1853 to 1857.
Addison L. Roache, from 1853 to 1854. Alvin P. Hovey (appointed ), from to 1854.
Samuel B. Gookins, from 1854 to 1857.
James L. Worden (appointed ), from 1858 to 1865. James M. Hanna (appointed ), from 1858 to 1865.
Charles A. Ray, from 1865 to 1871.
Jehu T. Elliot, from 1865 to 1871.
James S. Frazer, from 1865 to 1871.
Robert S. Gregory, from 1865 to IS71.
James L. Worden, from 1871 to 1882.
Alexander C. Downey, from 1871 to 1877.
Samuel A. Buskirk, from 1871 to 1877.
John Pettit, from 1871 to 1877. Andrew L. Osborne, from 1872 to 1874. Horace P. Biddle, from 1874 to ISSO.
William E. Niblack, from 1877 to 1889.
George V. Howk, from 1877 to 1889.
Samuel E. Perkins, from 1877 to 1879.
John T. Scott, from 1879 to IS80.
William A. Woods, from 1881 to 1883.
Byron K. Elliott, from 1881 to - -.
William H. Coombs, from December 2, 1SS2, to ISS3. Edwin P. Hammond, 1883.
Allen Zollars, from 1883 to 1889.
Joseph A. S. Mitchell, from 1885 to 1890. Walter Olds, from 1889 to -
John D. Berkshire, from ISS9 to 1891.
Silas D. Coffey, from 1889 to
John J. Miller (appointed ), from 1891 to
R. Wes. McBride (appointed), from 1890 to -.
285
HISTORY OF INDIANA. UNITED STATES SENATORS.
James Noble, from 1816 to 1831. Walter Taylor, from 1816 to 1825. William Hendricks, from 1825 to 1837. Robert Hanna (appointed ), 1831.
John Tipton, from 1831 to 1839. Oliver H. Smith, from 1837 to 1843.
Albert S. White, from 1839 to 1845.
Edward A. Hannegan, from 1843 to 1849.
Jesse D. Bright, from 1845 to 1861.
James Whitcomb, from 1849 to 1852.
Charles W. Cathcart (appointed ), from 1852 to 1853. John Pettit, from 1853 to 1857.
Graham N. Fitch, from 1857 to 1861.
Joseph A. Wright (appointed ), from 1861 to 1863.
Henry S. Lane, from 1861 to 1867.
David Turpie, 1863.
Thomas A. Hendricks, from 1863 to 1869.
Oliver P. Morton, from 1867 to 1877.
Daniel D. Pratt, from 1869 to 1875.
Joseph E. McDonald, from 1875 to 1881.
Daniel W. Voorhees (appointed ), from 1877 to 1879.
Daniel W. Voorhees, from 1879 to
Benjamin Harrison, from 1881 to 1887.
David Turpie, from 1887 to - --.
20°
POPULATION OF INDIANA
[Census of 1890.]
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES
Adams
20,18I
Jefferson
24,507
Allen
66,689
Jennings
14,608
Bartholomew
23,867
Johnson
19,561
Benton
11,903
Knox
28,044
Blackford
10,46I
Kosciusko
28,645
Boone
26,572
Lagrange
15,615
Brown
10,308
Lake.
23,886
C'arroll
20,02 I
Laporte
34,445
Cass.
31,152
19,792
Clark
30,259
Clay. .
30,536
Marion.
141,156
Clinton
27,370
Crawford
13,941
Daviess
26,227
Miami.
25,823
Dearborn
23,364
Monroe
17,673
Decatur
19,277
Montgomery
28,025
Dekalb
24,307
Morgan
18,643
Delaware
30, 131
Newton
8,803
Dubois
20,253
Noble
23,359
Elkhart.
39,20I
Ohio
4,955
Fayette.
12,630
Orange
14,673
Floyd
29,458
Owen
15,040
Fountain
19,558
Parke
20,296
Franklin
18,366
Perry
18,240
Fulton
16,746
Pike.
18,544
Gibson
24,920
Porter
18,052
Grant
31,493
Posey
21,529
Greene
24,379
Pulaski
11,233
Hamilton
26,123
Putnam
22,335
Hancock
17,829
Randolph.
28,085
Harrison
20,786
Ripley
19,350
Hendricks
21,498
Rush .
19,034
Henry.
23,879
Saint Joseph
42,457
Howard
26,126
Scott.
7,833
Huntington
27,644
Shelby
25,454
Jackson.
24,139
Spencer
22,060
Jasper
11, 185
Starke.
7,339
Jay
23,473
Steuben
14,478
Madison . .
36,487
Marshall
23,818
Martin
13,973
Lawrence.
286
287
HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Sullivan
21,877
Wabash
27,126
Switzerland
12,514
Warren.
10,955
Tippecanoe
35,075
Warrick
21,161
Tipton
13,157
Washington
15,619
Union
7,006
Wayne
37.628
Vanderburg.
59,809
Wells
21,514
Vermilion
13.154
White
15,671
Vigo
50,195
Whitley
17,768
Population of the State 1990, 2.192.404.
The population of the thirty-seven cities, having 4,000 or more inhabitants, in the order of their rank, is as follows:
CITIES.
COUNTIES.
1 8.no.
CITIES.
COUNTIES.
I Son .
Indianapolis
Marion
105,436
Laporte
Laporte
7,126
Evansville
Vanderburg
50,756
Peru
Miami
7,02%
Fort Wayne.
Allen.
35,393
Columbus
Bartholomew
6,719
Terre Haute
Vigo
30,217
Crawfordsville
. Montgomery.
6,050
South Bend
Saint Joseph
21,819
Washington
Daviess
6,064
New Albany
Floyd
21,059
Goshen
Elkhart
6,033
Richmond
Wayne
16,605
Frankfort
Clinton
5,919
Lafayette
Tippecanoe
16,243
Brazil .
Clay
5,905
Logansport
Cass
13.323
Shelbyville
Shelby
5,451
Elkhart
Elkhart
11,360
Hammond
Lake.
5,425
Muncie
Delaware
11,345
Seymour
Jackson
5.337
Michigan City.
. Laporte
10,776
Wabash
Wabash
5,105
Anderson
Madison
10,741
Valparaiso
Porter
5,000
Jeffersonville
Clark
10,666
Mount Vernon
.. Posey
4,705
Madison
Jefferson
8,936
Connersville .
. Fayette
4.545
Vincennes
Knox.
8,553
Greencastle ..
Putnam
4,390
Marion
Grant
8,769
Lawrenceburg
. Dearborn
4.2.4
Kokomo
Howard
8.261
Bloomington
. . Monroc
4,015
Huntington
Huntington
7.325
7431
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