USA > Indiana > Washington County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Harrison County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Crawford County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Clark County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Scott County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Floyd County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Jennings County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
USA > Indiana > Jefferson County > Biographical and historical souvenir for the counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana > Part 28
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rah for Gen. Jackson in the highest degree of honor and promotion.' He then descended as quietly as he * ascended. # *
*: The first jail was built of hewn logs, one story high, and was torn down a few years ago, after having rendered valuable service as a jail, store-room and stable. The sec- ond jail, which is now used as a resi. dence, was commenced in 1844 and completed in December, 1845, and cost 83,456.00. The old stray pen was north of the first jail. Here all quarrels and difficulties were settled. It was enelosed with a high board fence, the boards set upright and close together, so that persons from the outside could not see the show in the pen. Cock-fights and dog-fights often amused the intelligent citizens in this old pen, while it was a general play-ground for the boys and girls and a courting spot for lovers."
SALEM. The town of Salem was laid out in 1814. Gen. John DePauw, as agent of the town laid out, advertised and sold the lots. The correctness of the plat will not be questioned, when the manner and mode of laying out the town is known; the ground was measured with a grape-vine. On the . 14th day of April, the work was finished and the plat filed for record. The first house on the site of Salem
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
was built by Simeon Lamb, already mentioned as one of the judges of the courts. The house was as unique as its surroundings. It was of long poles set up endwise on the ground, and was erected on lot No. 83 of the original plat. Other houses followed in rapid succession. The first brick house was built on lot 11 by Judge Harrison; the next was built on lot 80 by Col. Jonathan Lyon. At the close 'of the year 1814, there were probably 400 people in the town of Salem. They came from Kentucky, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania and a few from the New England states.
The first mercantile experiment was made by Lamb & Mendenhall, and their store was of the primitive kind. They were followed in regular order by Gen. John DePauw, Col. Jonathan Lyon, Christopher Harrison, S. & Z. Leavensworth, Newcomb & Crane, Hess & Grayson, Booth, Jarvis & New- by, Coffin and Holland, James Wiley, Samuel White, M. Riley and Nathan Kimball. An early firm of Salem was that of Malott & MePheeters. They were enterprising and energetic men, and did a large mercantile busi- ness for years. One source of their popularity was they took in exchange for goods everything in the way of farm produce that the people had to
sell. There were no railroads then, and no market but Louisville, and as a consequence they soon got into flat- boating their surplus produce to New Orleans, from whence they brought back sugar, coffee and molasses.
Among the early mechanics were D. T. Weir, John Mills, Henry Young, Samuel Peck, John G. Henderson, William Phelps, Frank Huston, Alex-, ander Hinkle, Elias Albertson, Thomas White, Samuel Wilkerson, Edmund Vermilya, Roger Martin, etc. The first tavern-keeper, Allen McAllister, followed by Lyon & Malott and Parker & Hardy. The license tax then was $15.00 per year for a tavern, and the County Board regulated the prices to be charged. The early prices were breakfast, dinner and supper, 25 cents each ; whiskey, 123 cents per one-half pint ; apple and peach brandy, 182 cents per one half-pint ; rum, French brandy and wine, 373 cents for one-half pint; cider and beer, 12} cents per one-half quart ; porter, per bottle or quart, 373 cents; lodging, per night, 123 cents; oats or corn, 12} cents per one-half gallon ; horse to hay, per night, 25 cents, etc.
INCORPORATION .- The State Legisla- ture passed an Act in 1826, authorizing the voters of the town to meet at the court house on the first Monday in March (1826), and proceed to elect by
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
ballot seven trustees, to be known as a " Board of Trustees," whose office should expire on the first Monday in March, 1827. From some cause the provisions of this act was not complied with until 1831. On the 18th of January of that year, an election was held at the court house, "to decide whether they will be incorporated or not." The vote was unanimously in favor of incorporation and on the 24th of January, an election was held at which Foster Nixon, Micajah Newby, John G. Henderson, William Baird and Gustavus Clark were elected trustees to serve one year. In March, 1849, the town was re-incorporated and the following trustees elected : George Atkisson, James J. Brice, James P. Banta, Elijah Newland and Harvey L. Aston. Another election was held in 1853 for a third incorporation but there are no records extant of it. In June, 1868, still another petition was presented for incorporation and on the 15th of the same month. At that time there were 278 voters in the town and a population of 1,177. On the 13th of July following, an election for trustees was held, resulting as fol- lows: First ward-Edwin Telle, Sr .; Second ward-George Harris-Third ward-William W. Weir ; Fourth ward -- Jolm Manly; Fifth ward- Henry Streaker. At the same elec-
tion, A. J. Parker was elected Treas- urer; R. L. Mitchell, assessor: E. W. Menaugh, Clerk ; Charles G. Chapman, Marshal.
SALEM is a handsome town, with a number of fine residences for a town of its size, and good substantial busi- ness houses. Its business men are wide-awake and go-ahead, and are enterprising and prosperous. In 1880 it had a population of 1,815. Its public buildings are good, its churches elegant, a school-house of which the people of town and county are proud, and an intelligent and enterprising population.
The court house is a model of beauty. It is 73 x 90 feet, stone, -ashler face finish-built at a cost of 860,000. It was constructed in 1887 and 1888 and designed by McDonald Bros., of Louisville, Ky. It is one of the most attractive build- ings in the State and the arrangement of the interior seems to be perfect. The house is in the center of the public square and will be heated by natural gas adjusted in a steam heater.
CAMPBELLSBURG is the next largest town in the county to Salem. It is situated in the western part of the county on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago railroad. August 31st, 1849, it was platted by John I.
THE PRESENT COUNTY OFFICERS
-OF-
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
ELI W. MENAUGH, CLERK.
ELISHA D. WILLIAMS, - - AUDITOR.
WILLIAM RUDDER, SHERIFF.
W. S. PERSISE, TREASURER.
WM. C. McCOSKEY.
SURVEYOR.
JAMES KENDALL,
- CORONER.
COMMISSIONERS :
WM. T. MONTGOMERY, MICHAEL DENENY,
PETER MORRIS.
THE ATTORNEYS:
A. B. COLLINS,
D. M. ALSPAUGH,
JNO. C. LAWLER.
ASA ELLIOTT,
JOHN A. ZARING, MILT. B. HOTTEL,
SAM. H. MITCHELL,
ROBT. B. MITCHELL,
JAMES MASTERSON, HARVEY MORRIS,
SAM. B. VOYLES, WM. H. PAYNTER.
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Morrison, who named it Buena Vista after the Mexican village of that name, near which the severest battle of the Mexican war was fought, and which war was but recently closed. After the building of the railroad the name was changed to Campbells- burg, for Robert Campbell, who made an addition to it in 1851. The rail- road station and the post office are named Campbellsburg, but the town is frequently called by its old name of Buena Vista. A number of additions have been made to the town by different parties at different times. One of the most important was made by James HI. Mckinney in April, 1865, and was considerably larger than the original plat. In Septem- ber, 1875, a vote was taken to incor- porate the town, which resulted in a large majority in favor of incorpora- tion. January 4th, 1876, an election was held for trustees, and the follow- ing gentlemen were elected: Chris- tian Prow, Jacob Grimes and Samuel F. Martin, trustees ; Rufus Mather, clerk; James W. Hubbard, treasurer ; and Joseph L. Holmes, assessor. The town has a good business, comprising the different branches of the mercan- tile trade, mechanics, milling, etc.
CANTON, situated a little north of north of east of Salem, is a decaying village of a once prosperous business.
It was laid out in 1838 by Eli Over- man, and the original plat embraced thirty-five lots, and some time after- ward he laid off 106 lots additional. Another addition was made by Charles Albertson in March, 1850. Before a town was regularly laid off, the settlement was frequently called Greensburg, on account of many people of that name living in the vicinity. The nickname of "Egg Harbor" was sometimes applied to it on account of the large quantity of that "fruit" sold there. The first merchants of the place were True- blood & Harned. Other and later merchants were Dr. Benj. Albertson, who was also the first physician, and Charles Pool, Parr & Tallock, John Wilson, Samuel Slade, Reuben Wil- son and Charles Ovington. The place had the usual number and char- acter of shops, mills, etc. A couple of tanneries were among the indus- tries of Canton at one time. The town, from having once been a pros- perous and business village has been gradually retrograding for some years. Villages have sprung up on the rail- road, which, with better facilities for trade have in a measure destroyed that of other less favored places.
MARTINSBURG is situated in the extreme southeastern part of the coun- ty, and was laid off by Dr. Abner
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Martin and the plat recorded Sep- tember 18th, 1818. The founder of the town was a physician, the first of the place, and a good one. The first merchant of Martinsburg was Eman- uel Block, who opened a store in the latter part of 1818 in a small and unpretentious log cabin. Lewis Gar- rett was the next merchant, followed later by Mr. Nuby. A German named George Alexander Hauz, opened one of the largest stores of the town in 1825. He was one of those charac- ters - good-natured fellows whom everybody loves to pick at, and many good stories are told of him. Although a strict church member, he sometimes allowed old Satan to get the better of him and at such times he would occa- sionally use language scarcely in con- formity with the Ten Commandments. Among the other pioneer merchants were Jacob Bixler, Washington Stevet, Thomas Davis, Martin Foster, Lane & Martin, Brewer & Cravens, etc. A linseed oil mill was built by Jacob Bixler in 1835; a tanyard was started at the same time by Michael Lemon. Martinsburg at one time bid fair to become a large and thriving place, but from some cause, probably the rail- road missing it, its greatness was nipped in the bud and it still remains a small place ; by the census of 1880, having but 126 inhabitants.
LIVONIA is another old town, the date of its plat being February 25th, 1819. It was laid off by James and David McKinney, and is situated in the western part of the county a little south of west of Salem. A store was was opened here in 1815 by James McKinney, and several other houses built before the place was laid off as a town. The first house built after the town was laid off was by John Scott who kept a tavern in it. He also opened a store some time later. Other merchants were MePharen & Young, John B. Shuger, John Wright, Andrew Orchard, Geo. McPheeters, Frazier & McPheeters, Asa Mckinney and others. Livonia has had several mills during its existence, from the primitive "tread mill" to the first-class steam mill; also a cotton mill and a woolen mill were among its industries, as well as a hat shop . and a tanyard. Livonia will never be a large place, owing to the fact that it is away from the railroad ; having in 1880 but 211 inhabitants.
HARDINSBURG is a small village of 133 inhabitants, and is situated in the extreme southwestern part of the county. It was laid off in 1838 by Aaron Hardin who bestowed his own name upon it. March 24th, 1849, under an election for that purpose, a majority voted in favor of incorpor-
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
ating the town and the following trustees were elected : 1. II. Cheever, James Alexander and James C. Boy- den, who were President, Clerk and Treasurer in the order named. Mr. Hardin, the proprietor of the town, was its first merchant and was in the business before the town was laid off. A few years later James McIntosh embarked in the business. These were followed by James King, Wesley Polson, Michael Swartz, James Kirk- wood, Isaac Wellman, W. J. Lapping, etc., etc. In 1883 the town showed its good sense by starting a newspa- per called the Enterprise, or rather by encouraging a Mr. Chas. E. Bulling- ton to start one. A town is bound to be prosperous that has a newspaper to tell the world of its business advan- tages and its commercial prosperity. Although a small town, Hardinsburg has a good business and a pushing and enterprising population. Its great drawback is the lack of a railroad.
FREDERICKSBURG is situated on the banks of the Blue river, near the southern line of the county. It is one of the very old towns of the county-being laid out in 1815 by Frederick Royse for whom it was named. The town was formerly loca- ted on the opposite side of the river, but on account of frequent overflows it was moved to its present location.
Among the early merchants were Bradly & Skinner, Theodore Catlin, James McClung, John T. Ferguson and others. MeChing put up the first brick building in the town, and was also the first postmaster. Jacob Har- ris established a tannery in the early history of the town, and did an exten- sive business in that line. The town suffered so much from repeated over- flows that it was finally decided to move it, so John Horner, Esq., laid off a town on the south side of the river, on New Albany and Vincennes turnpike road. The new town was first called Bridgeport, from a bridge across the river at the place where the town was located, but finally the name of the old town was bestowed on it, and it is now so called. Jacob Horner was the first postmaster of the new town, and among the early merchants were John and William Horner, Alex- ander MePheeters, James Gasaway, Simon P. Gresham, etc., etc. A vote was taken March 26th, 1859, and it was decided by a large majority to incorporate the town. The first Board of Trustees was A. C. Hugrus, P. G. Senseney, and W. K. Andrews ; Dr. W. A. Bowles, Clerk and Treas- urer, and John H. Warren, Marshal. A newspaper was established in Fred- ericksburg, in March, 1879, called the News. Allen Smith was the proprie-
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
tor. It changed hands a time or two, died for a while, was resurrected in October, 1883, by Charles E. Allen, and the next year he sold it to W. A. Kimberlin, who made a live wide- awake paper of it.
LITTLE YORK is situated in the northeastern part of the county, and derived its name from the fact that most of the settlers of the neighbor- hood were from New York. It was laid off by George Davis, August 3d, 1831, and the original plat comprised thir- teen lots. To this eleven lots were added in June, 1849, by Alanson Langdon, five more in May, 1852, by Hezekiah Thomas, twenty-one in Feb- ruary, 1854, by Joseph M. Scifers, and another made in December, 1809, of thirty-four lots by Hezekiah Thomas. The first house was built in the town by Michael Richards. The first store was opened by Axa Glover in 1832. The accounts given of this pioneer store would imply that it was not a very extensive establishment. His stock, it is alleged, was worth not exceeding sixty-five dollars. The next store was opened by Hezekiah Thomas, and he was followed by Robbins, David Mitchell, William Wilson, Henry Childs, and a number of others whose names cannot be recalled. Darling Jones opened the first tavern in 1836. It was liberally patronized,
from the fact that it was on the direct route from New Albany and Louisville to Indianapolis. A mill was built in 1839. Hezekiah Thomas and D. J. Meadows built a steam saw mill.
SALTILLOVILLE was laid out in 1849 by Madison Bowles, and named Sal- tillo for a town in Mexico that had considerable prominence during the Mexican war, but in order to get a post office the name was changed to Saltilloville. It comprises a total of 137 lots, and is on the railroad north- west of Salem, near the western line of the county. Madison Bowles, the proprietor, was the first merchant, fol- lowed by William Knox, George A. Rosenbaum, William Galahan, John Rosenbaum, etc. S. D. Bayless was the first blacksmith; Wright Stacy built an old-fashioned saw-mill and Hiram Matthew a grist mill. George A. Rosenbaum was the first postmas- ter. The town is small and does the usual business of small railroad sta- tions.
PEKIN is a small place on the rail- road southeast of Salem. The original town was laid on the Mutton Fork of the Blue river. It was laid out in November, 1831, but was not surveyed until 1837. The plat originally con- tained 137 lots. Among the early merchants were Gabriel Peavler, James F. Persise, D. W. Bierly, George M.
264
HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Johnson, etc. J. F. Persise kept the first tavern. When the railroad was built a station was made across the river from the old town and as the new place increased the old one decreased in importance, until nothing was left but a few "disjointed stones" and tumble-down cabins. By an act of the County Commissioners the old town, in 1854, was declared vacant. Somewhere about 1852, C. D. Green built a large brick house at the rail- road station in which, in addition to using as a depot and post office, he opened a general store and for some time did the largest business ever transacted in the county. This magnifi- cent building was burned in 1867 and upon the spot a large frame building has been erected.
NEW PHILADELPHIA was surveyed and platted in 1837 by John I. Morri- son for William Hamilton, proprietor of the land on which it is located. It is in the eastern part of the county and was originally called Philadelphia. The plat contained forty-eight lots and to this, in 1837, Richard Lockwood added nine more. The first store was started by B. F. Huston, the next by William Thompson and the next by Benjamin- Lockwood. An early busi- ness enterprise of the place was a hat factory carried on by Thomas Menaugh. New Philadelphia is a temperate town,
as the following incident will show : A man named Sisson opened a saloon in an early day and one "auspicious night the doors of his shop were banged down, the heads of kegs and barrels bursted and the liquor therein poured into the streets by certain citizens of the town." In the eyes of the law this was perhaps a rank violation of its fundamental principles, but notice was taken of it, and Sisson concluding it was not a healthy climate in which to carry on the liquor traffic made no effort to reopen his establishment, a rule that has been since observed by men of his guild.
SOUTH BOSTON is a small hamlet situated on the middle fork of Blue river and has never been surveyed and laid out as a town. Bravilian Wood opened a small store here more than half a century ago which caused a few other families to settle around, and finally the name "South Boston" was applied to the settlement. Other merchants have been Samuel Mc- Clanahan, Henry M. Wilson, William Farabee, Robert Cooper, Samuel E. Nelson, etc. A store, post office, a few shops and a lodge of Odd Fellows, comprises the town at present.
Other villages, all of which are very small places, are Mount Carmel, Har- ristown, Hitchcock, Claysville, Smed- ley, Farabee, Beck's Mills, Organ
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Springs, Halo, Fayetteville, Blue River, Chestnut Hill, Gooseport, Delaney Creek, Millport, Kossuth, Rush Creek Valley, etc. Some of these are but post offices and some are small railroad stations. None of them are places of much importance either commercially or otherwise.
War History .- Washington county during the late civil war, like most of the loyal State of Indiana, did its part nobly and sent its quota of men to the field promptly and freely. It is true, public opinion as to the merits of the war, and the way the Govern- ment should act toward the South, was divided, owing to the fact that many of the emigrants to the county were from the Southern States. The following quotations from the county press will give an idea of the tone of public sentiment here in 1861: "We are clearly of the opinion that a judicious firmness on the part of the Chief Executive at the outbreak of this disunion movement at the South would have done more towards quell- ing it than all the compromises, con- cessions or patriotic appeals that have been or can be made by our wisest statesmen. *
* He (the Pres- ident) gave them an inch and they have taken a span. They have not been in the least checked in their traitorous movements, but have gained
strength from the beginning. They see clearly that they are likely to meet with no resistance from the Federal power, and they are doubly bold in executing damning plans of disunion. It would be useless for us to attempt to express our opinion in regard to the cowardly course of the President-we fail to find words severe enough in the English language and, therefore, cannot do the subject justice. Poor old wretch-what can he promise himself while he is per- mitted to live on earth and when he knows in a few years at most he must go down to the grave 'unwept, unhon- ored and unsung.'"-Times. "When Abe Lincoln and his abolition hordes or Republican allies undertake to compel our Southern brethren to sur- render their rights and liberties, to compel them by fire and sword and at the cannon's mouth and bayonet's point, to give up their rights, then we become a private in the Southern army, and do by them as Lafayette by our fathers."-Democrat. These two quotations show the two extremes, and between these two were represented every shade of senti- ment. The fall of Fort Sumter created the greatest excitement in the county, and a company was at once raised to go down and chastise Beaure- gard and "Southern Hessians." Upon
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
more mature deliberation, however, this summary manner of proceeding was reconsidered and the services of the company tendered the Governor. In the original call for 75,000 men, Indiana was required to furnish six regiments, (about 6,000 men), which requisition was soon filled.
The first company from this county, was the one already alluded to, com- manded by Capt. Sayles, and which, on the 19th of June, 1861, was mustered into the United States service as Company G, of the Thir- teenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, J. C. Sullivan, Colonel. On the 27th of July, 1861, another company was raised in the county, of which De Witt C. Thomas was Captain, and James T. Howell and T. F. Morrison, Lieu- tenants. It became Company G, of the Eighteenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, Thomas Pattison, Colonel. A third company was raised in the county, of which John B. Glover was Captain, and Stephen C. Atkinson and James H. Low were Lieutenants. It became Company D, of the Thirty- Eighth Infantry, and was mustered into the United States service Sep- tember 18th, 1861. Another company, of which about two-thirds were from this county, was raised during Sep- tember of this year, and became Company C, of the Fiftieth Regiment.
Its Captain was H. N. Atkisson, and Lieutenants, Joseph L. Marsh and Delos Heffren. Under the President's call for 300,000 men in July, 1862, another company was raised in this county, commanded by Capt. J. H. Redfield, and was mustered into the reorganized Sixteenth Regiment, of which it was Company B ; Redfield, Captain, and Cyrus Raybill and John N. Thompson, Lieutenants. In August a company was filled, of which Jasper N. Rodman was Cap- tain, and Samuel P. Reid and William H. Peters were Lieutenants. It became Company B, of the Sixty-sixth Regiment. Another company recruited in the vicinity of Saltillo, commanded by Capt. John F. Baird, and Chas. H. Cornwell and Archibald Baxter, Lieutenants, was Company A, of Sixty - sixth Regiment ; Company F, of the Sixty-sixth, was raised around Little York ; Alfred Morris was its Captain, and Chester P. Davis and George R. Davis its Lieutenants. Company H, of the Sixty-sixth was mostly recruited about Fredericks- burg ; its commissioned officers were James D. McPheeters, Captain, and Win. N. Bringle and David Simpson, Lieutenants. Company K, of this Regiment, also received a number of men from this county. A company of cavalry was raised in the county,
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
in August, 1862, which became Com- pany E, of the Fifth Cavalry, and was officered as follows: James P. Banta, Captain ; William HI. Ward, First Lieutenant, and William M. Coffin, Second Lieutenant.
Notwithstanding the patriotism man- ifested by the people of the county and the number of troops enlisted, they could not escape a draft which occurred Oct. 6th, 1862. It was, how- ever, for only sixteen men which filled the county's quota under all the calls so far made, and now the people set- tled down to quiet, watching patiently the development of events.
Morgan's Raid .- The most impor- tant, perhaps, and certainly the most exciting event of 1863 was the raid of the Confederate Gen. Morgan through Indiana and Ohio, resulting finally in his capture and most of his army at Buffington Island. On the 10th of July (1863) his army marched into Salem and took possession. Contri- butions were levied upon the business men and leading citizens ; horses were taken at pleasure, stores raided, etc., etc. The loss to the people of the town and surrounding country was about $15,000, exclusive of horses, and it was estimated that 500 horses were taken from the county. They entered the town of Salem about nine o'clock and remained until three in the after-
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