USA > Indiana > Bowen's Indiana state atlas, containing a separate map of each county, showing section, township and range lines, railroad and interurban lines, churches and school houses and public highways, with a historical sketch of each county; improved roads shown in colors; also containing maps of Indiana, the United States and the world; population of counties, townships, incorporated cities and towns, with estimated population for 1920; geographical and other tables; a history of the growth of the state, and an explanation of the system of land surveys > Part 11
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
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UNION COUNTY.
Union county, so called because it was hoped at the time of its creation that it would harmonize the quarrel that existed over the county seats of Fayette and Wayne counties, was organized January 5, 1821, with its first county seat at Brownsville. Only one county in the state, Ohio, is smaller, its land area being 103,680 acres, and practically all of it has been brought under cultivation. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $6,577,500. It has 33 schools, 53 teachers and 1,183 pupils. There are three banks in the county. A study of the growth of population in Union county discloses the fact that it was larger in 1830 than it was in 1910. In 1830 it had a population of 7,944, while in 1910 it had only 6,260. Its greatest population was in 1840, when it had 9,920 inhabi- tants, that is, more than 3,000 in excess of its present population.
Brownsville, the first county seat, was in the northwestern part of the county and too far from the center to be satisfactory. Accordingly the Legislature was asked to pass an act providing for a relocation of the seat of justice. This was done and the present site of Liberty was chosen in March, 1823. Liberty, a town of 1.500, is ou the C. I. & W. railroad. It has two banks, two newspapers, public library aud four churches. Its industries include a manure spreader and grain drill factory and a paint factory.
The only incorporated town in the county is West College Corner, a thriving town of about 500 in the eastern part of the county. The unincorporated villages inclnde Cottage Grove, Billingsville, Quakertown, Philomath, Brownsville, Kitchell, Witts, Clifton, Carl, Lotus, Beechey Mire and Dunlapsville.
Union county has the honor of being the birthplace of Joaquin Miller, the famous poet. He left the county when a small boy and never returned to it to make his home. In the summer of 1916 a monument was erected on the site of his birthplace.
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FAYETTE COUNTY.
Fayette county was organized December 28, 1818, and so named in honor of Marquis de La Fayette. It was the first county organized including any of the "New Purchase," which had been acquired from the Indians in the fall of that year. It is one of the smallest counties in the state, containing only 138,240 acres, but there is probably no county in the state which has a larger proportion of its area in actual cultivation. White Water river runs through the center of the county from north to south and affords easy natural drainage for all parts of the conuty. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $12,530,070. It has 33 schools, 86 teachers and 2,788 pupils. There are five banks in the county. Its population has increased from year to year since 1860. In that year it was 10,225 and in 1910 it had increased to 14,415.
Connersville. the county seat, had a population of 7,738 in 1910, but had increased to an estimated population of 10,000 in 1916. It is located on the C., C., C. & St. L., C., I. & W. and L. E. & W. railroads. It is the terminus of an electric line from Indianapolis, fifty-eight miles to the northwest. It has four banks, two daily and one weekly newspaper, public library aud excellent schools and churches. It has electric, water and sewage systems, paved streets and a number of important manufacturing plants. Its manufactured products include automobiles, automo- bile parts, buggies, flour, blower machinery, cigars and creamery products.
There are only a few villages in the county, the main ones being Nulltown, Beutonville, Quakertown, Everton, Alpine, Bently and Columbia. The old White Water canal runs through the county along the banks of the river of the same uame, and it is still kept up in some places. It furnishes water power for a num- ber of mills in Fayette and Franklin counties.
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RUSH COUNTY.
Rush county, named iu honor of Dr. Benjamin Rush, of Philadelphia, was organized December 31, 1821, with its county seat at Rushville. The county con- tains excellent farming land and practically all of its laud area of 261,760 acres has been brought under cultivation. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $21,159,815. It has 57 schools, 144 teachers aud 3,713 pupils. There are 12 banks in the county. The population of the county in 1860 was 16,193, and it steadily increased until 1900, when it reached its greatest population, 20.148. The following decade showed a decrease, the 1910 census returning a population of only 19,349.
Rushville, the county seat, with a population of about 5,000, is the largest town in the county. It is located on the D. E. & W., P., C .. C. & St. L., C .. C., C. & St. L. and C .. I. & W. railroads. It is also on the traction line runuing be- tween Indianapolis and Connersville. The city has five banks, three newspapers, municipal light and water systems and paved streets. Among its industrial establishments are two flour mills, two planing mills, three furniture factories, clay working and glue making machinery factories, cigar factory, marble works, cement products and three grain elevators. The city is in the center of a fine agricultural and stock raising community and is a shipping point of considerable importance.
Carthage and Glenwood are the only other incorporated towns in the county. and part of Glenwood is in Fayette county. The unincorporated villages in the county include Mays, Falmouth, Sexton, Farmertou. Arlington, Milroy, New Salem, Moscow, Richland. Gowdy, Henderson, Raleigh, Manilla, Homer, Brandon. Mauzy and Giug.
The state Soldiers' and Sailors' Home is located in the northwestern corner of Center township, about two miles south of Knightstown. The legislative act of March 11. 1867, established the home for sick, and disabled soldiers and sea- men. their widows and orphans. It was formally opened June 15. 1867. in the Home for Disabled Soldiers. previously established at the same place by a private corporation. On Christmas Day, 1871, the part of the institution occupied by the soldiers was destroyed by fire, and they were at once removed to the National Military Home at Dayton, Ohio. The orphans were left in full possession of the home until the legislature of 1879 established a home for feeble-minded children as an adjunct of the institution. In 1887 the Legislature provided for another home for the feeble-minded children and since that time the orphans of sailors and soldiers have had full possession of the institution.
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SHELBY COUNTY.
Shelby county, uamed in honor of Isaac Shelby, an officer in the Revolu- tionary War and later governor of Kentucky, was organized January 3, 1822, with its county seat at Shelbyville. The county joius Marion county on the southeast and there is little of its land area of 260,480 acres which does not make good farmiug land. The ceusus of 1910 showed that 96.7 of its area was actually cultivated. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $23,799,136. There are 95 schools, 199 teachers and 5,639 pupils in the county. It has eight banks. The population of the county in 1860 was 19,569 and each succeeding decade has shown an increase, the 1910 census returning a population of 26,802.
Shelbyville, the county seat, has a population of 9,500 and is located on the C., C., C. & St. L. and P., C. C., & St. L. railroads and the traction line running hetween Indianapolis and Greensburg. It has four banks, three newspapers, and all the improvements of a moderu city. Among its manufactured products are furniture, overalls, gas engines, canned goods, cabinets, wardrohes, cigars and confectionery.
Morristown, located in the northeastern part of the county on the C., I. & W., is the only other incorporated town in the county. It has a bank, newspaper and three churches.
The unincorporated villages in the county include Fountaintown, Freeport, Gwynneville, Ray's Crossing, Noah, Fairland, London, Hord, Moral, Boggstown, Bengal, Smithland, Marietta, Fenns, Lewis Creek, Mount Auburn, Flatrock, Pres- cott, Waldron, Winterroad, Meltzer, Wilson and Bynum. The only school of the Seventh-Day Adventists iu the state is located in this county near Fairland. It was organized in 1902 as Beechwood Manual Training Academy, has a beautiful campus of several acres and a number of buildings.
The first railroad track west of the Alleghanies and north of the Ohio river was laid from Shelbyville, one and a quarter miles south. The first train was advertised to run on July 4, 1834, and on that day a great barbecue was held and the day spent in hauling passengers up and down the track. The cars were drawn by horses. The first steam railroad in the county, the second in Indiaua, and the third in the United States west of Cincinnati, was built hetween 1846 and 1850. It was between Shelbyville and Edinburg, a distance of 16 miles. The second road in the county, huilt about the same time, ran from Shelbyville to Knights- town, a distance of 25 miles. Both these railroads were discontinued during the Civil War.
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JOHNSON COUNTY.
Johnson county, named in honor of John Johnson, one of the members of the first supreme court of Indiana, was organized December 21, 1822, with Franklin as its couuty seat. The county adjoius Marion on the south and is in the midst of the best farming section of the state. The best corn in the world has been grown in this county and more prizes for corn have been carried off by Johnson county farmers than by farmers in any other county in the country. The county has a land area of 206,080 acres and there are but few acres that canuot be tilled. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $18,289,935. It has 65 schools, 163 teachers aud 4,388 pupils. The county has eleven banks. The county has shown a slow growth for forty years, but each decade has shown a slight increase iu the number of inhabitants. In 1860 the county had a population of 14,854, the fol- lowing decade it had increased to 18,366, and with a small increase each decade it had grown to 20,394 by 1910.
Franklin, the county seat, with a population of 4,500, is the largest town in the county. It is twenty miles south of Indianapolis, on the C., C., C. & St. L. and Pennsylvania railroads and the I., C. & S. traction line. The city has four banks, two daily and two weekly newspapers, two school buildings, three churches and a public library. The streets are paved, lighted with electricity, and the city has an excellent water works system and sewage plant. The manufactured products include furniture, wire and paint. The city is the seat of Franklin College, a Bap- tist institution, which enrolls several hundred students annually. The state Masonic Home, coupleted in 1916, and which is one of the finest homes of its kind in the United States, stands at the edge of the city.
The other incorporated towns in the county are Edinburg, Greenwood and Whiteland. Edinburg is a flourishing town of 2,000, while Greenwood is nearly as large. Both towns are thriving trading centers of rich farming communities aud do a large shipping business in grain and live stock.
Other villages of the county are Trafalgar, Providence, Amity, Nineveh, Samaria, Bud, Rocklane, Francis, Anita aud Bargersville.
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MORGAN COUNTY.
Morgau county, named in honor of Gen. Daniel Morgan, was organized Decem- ber 31, 1821, with Martinsville as its county seat. The county joins Marion county on the southwest and is drained by White river which enters the county at the northeast corner and leaves it at the southwest corner. The county is very broken in many places and a considerable portion of its 259,840 acres is not suitable for profitable agriculture. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $13.514,220. It has 98 schools, 180 teachers and 4,767 pupils. There are niue bauks. The population of the county in 1860 was 16,110 and it has increased with each decade. the last ceusus giving it a population of 21,182.
Martinsville, the county seat, had a population of 4,529 in 1910, and an esti- ulated population of 6,000 in 1916. It is located on the Vandalia and C., C., C. & St. L., railroads, and is connected with Indianapolis by an electric line. The city is a famous health resort, and thousands of people from all parts of the country go there every years to get the benefit of the medicinal waters which are found iu the city. It has three bauks, three newspapers, public library, four school buildings and five churches. The city has electric lights, water works and paved streets. Its manufactured products include hickory chairs, furniture, brick, cooperage products, flour and woodenware.
The other incorporated towns in the county are Mooresville, Morgantown, Brooklyn aud Paragon. Bethany Park is at the edge of Brooklyn. The uniucor- porated villages of the county include Waverly, Monrovia, Littlepoint, Lippitt, Plano, Hall, Landersdale, Centerton, Exchange, Hynds, Whitakers, Herbemont, Alaska, Wakelaud, Oliveton, Messena, Bray, Wilbur, Minetree, Gasburg and Mahalasville.
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OWEN COUNTY.
Owen county, named in honor of Col. Abram Owen, one of the heroes of the battle of Tippecanoe, was organized December 21, 1818, with its first county seat at Lancaster, which stood on White river about half a mile north of the present county seat. The county is drained into White river, which flows across the southeast part of the county. The land area of 251,520 acres contains a consid- erable amount of very broken land. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $6,732.848. There are 93 schools, 128 teachers and 3,033 pupils. It has five bauks. The population of the county in 1860 was 14,376, which was about three hundred more than the county had in 1910. The greatest population was recorded in 1870, when it had 16,137 inhabitants.
Spencer, the county seat, was so chosen in 1820, about a year after the county was organized. The city has a population of 2,100, and is located on the Vandalia railroad, fifty-three miles southwest of Indianapolis. It has two banks, three newspapers, water works, electric lights, public library and four churches. An agricultural paper, Farm Life, is published in the city, a paper with a national circulation. The manufactured products include flour, wooden handles and other timber products.
Gosport, a town of 780 population, the only other incorporated town in the county, is located on White river at the junction of the Monon and Vandalia rail- roads. It has two banks, a weekly newspaper, one school building and three churches.
The unincorporated villages of the county include Cataract, Quincy, Cuba, Devore, Carp, Romona, Freedom, Freeman, Farmer, Denmark, Patricksburg, Atkinson, Vilas, Johnstown, Hubbell, Daggett, Coal City, Beamers, Jordan, Key- stone, Corinue and Vandalia.
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130
CLAY COUNTY.
Clay county, named iu honor of Henry Clay, was organized February 12, 1825, with its first county seat at Bowling Green. The county contaius 231,040 acres and most of it is tillable land, but the growth of the county has been due more to the coal industry than to its agricultural possibilities. There are also ex- tensive clay deposits in the county and some of the best paving brick in the country comes from Brazil, the county seat. The assessed valuation of the county in 1914 was $14,972,910. It has 115 schools, 215 teachers and enrolls 7,204 pupils. There are 11 banks in the county. Its population in 1910 was 32,535, which is oue less than it had in 1890.
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