USA > Indiana > Perry County > Cannelton > Cannelton, Perry County, Ind., at the intersection of the eastern margin of the Illinois coal basin, by the Ohio River : its natural advantages as a site for manufacturing > Part 14
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SEc. 6. Be it further enacted: That the President and directors of said compa- ny shall appoint one treasurer and one secretary to keep the funds and accounts and record the proceedings of said company, and the books of the said company shall at all times be subject to the free inspection of any of the stockholders, and should a majority of the said stockholders require it, a true and just statement of the accounts, property and business of the said company shall be annually published by said treasurer and secretary, duly certified by the President and directors, and the said President ant directors shall from time to time make and pay, or canse to be paid to the stockholders, such divulends of the profits, as the condition of the said company will justify, without diminishing the capital stock of said company.
SEc 7. The said company shall not engage in any species of banking busi- ness, or issue bills payable to bearer, in the form or nature of bank bills, nor is- sue checks for money deposited in banks or elsewhere other than in actual pay- ment of debts.
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SEC. 8. The stockholders in said company shall be respectively liable for any debts due by or damages aceruing against said company during the time they are such stockholders respectively, to the amount of ther stock, and no further, and in proportion to the amount of their stock, so severally held to be recov- ered by a suit in equity: prorided, that before such liability shall attach as afore- said, there shall be a return nulla bona, or not a sufficiency to satisfy an execu- tion issued against said company.
SEC. 9. A violation of any of the provisions of this act shall forthwith be in law a forfeiture of all the corporate powers thereof.
SEC. 10. This act shall be, and the same hereby is, declared to be a public act, for the purposes herein specified, and shall take effect, continne, and be in force during the term of fifty years from and after a certified copy thereof shall have been deposited in the clerk's office of Perry county, unless the said com- pany shall sooner be voluntarily dissolved by a vote of a majority of the stock- holders, of which publie notice shall be given by the President and directors of said company, who shall file a copy of' said notice in the clerk's office of said county of Perry, and cause the same to be published in the newspaper in In- dianapolis, in which, at the time, the laws of the State are officially printed; and in the event of the voluntary dissolution of said company, before the expi- ration of the period of its termination by this act, the President, directors and stockholders shall be allowed two years to settle and close the accounts of the said Įcompany, in the same manner and with the same powers as though the President, directors, and stockholders were still a corporate body.
THOS. J. EVANS, Speaker of the House of Representatives. DAVID WALLACE, President of the Senate.
Approved December third, eighteen hundred and thirty-seven.
DAVID WALLACK.
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STATE OF INDIANA, ? SS. Secretary's Office.
I, Win. J. Brown, Secretary of State for the State atore- said, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and faithful copy of the original enrolled bill now on file in this office.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed [L. s. ] the seal of the State, at Indianapolis, this twenty-third day of De- cember, A. D. 1837. WILLIAM J. BROWN.
Secretary of State.
AN ACT to amend "an act to incorporate the American Cannel Coal Com- pany," approved December 23, 1837.
SEC, I. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana: That the American Cannel Coal Company, created by the act to which this is an amendment, be, and they are hereby authorized to increase their capital stock to an amount not exceeding one million of dollars, in shares of one hundred dollars each, whenever they may deem it advisable; provided, said increase of capital stock is necessary for the bona fide transactions of said company.
SEC. 2. Said company may subscribe stock in other manufacturing compa- nies or corporations to the extent and value of land privileges and materials furnished by said American Cannel Coal company to such other manufactur- ing companies or corporations.
SEC. 3. The directors of said American Cannel Coal Company shall, after the next annual election of directors and officers thereof, consist of not less than five nor more than nine members of said company, to be chosen in con- formity to the provisions of the act to which this is an amendment, the number to be determined on and chosen at the said next annual election.
SEC. 4. Said company for the purposes of raising money to improve their property, by the construction of roads, streets, wharfs and railways thereon
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and for any other purposes connected with the legitimate operation of the company, shall have a right to issue their bonds, bearing interest at not exceed- ing ten per cent per annutn, payable semi-annually, payable at a period not greater than twenty years from the date of their issue; which bonds shall ope- rate as a lien upon the rents and profits of the property of said company from the maturity of said bonds, or the conpons for the interests thereon respect- ively; provided however, that no such bond or bonds, shall be issued as afore- said, except npon a vote of three-fourths of the stockholders in interest of said company, and no bond shall be issued for a less amount than five hundred dollars.
SEC. 5. Said company shall have the right, by a vote of two-thirds of the stockholders in interest, to subscribe stock in companies or corporations crea- ted in other States.
SEC. 6. This act to take effect and be in force from and after its passage.
G. W. CARR, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JAMES H. LANE, President of the Senate.
Approved January 21, 1850.
JOSEPH A. WRIGHT.
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STATE OF INDIANA: I, Charles H. Test, Secretary of State for the State of Indiana do hereby certify the foregoing to be a true full and complete copy of the within recited act as appears from the enrollment on file in my office.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the [L. s.] seal of the State, at Indianapolis, this 29th day of January, A. D. 1850 CHARLES H. TEST. Secretary of State.
CANNELTON, a post town in Perry county, four miles below the mouth of Deer creek and six above Troy, at the month of Anderson river. It now contains 600 inhabitants; but the indications of its rapid growth are evident from the supe- riority of its position and the richness of its beds of coal, fire-clay, building stone, &c. During the last two sessions of the Legislature, ten charters, with an ag- gregate capital of several millions of dollars, were obtained for manufactories at this point, presenting as it dors, in the opinion of practical and scientific men, advantages for the manufacturing of cotton, iron, hemp, wool, glass snd stone- ware, not found in any other place in combination. The coal in the hills imme- diately back of the town, is of the best quality, is inexhaustible and easy of ac- cess, and is underlaid by excellent fire-clay. In the same hills, fire-stone and sand stone, of a superior quality for building, are found in great abundance; and near the bank, common clay and sharp white sand in large deposites. The. vast influence which steam is to exert upon the growth of the manufacturing skill and industry of the great Western valley, deficient as it is in water power. and the immense importance that will be attached to coal for the supply of the fleets of steamers that will bear its commerce over its long diverging avenues of trade, extending from points thousands of miles asunder, and requiring voyages equal in length to the passage of the Atlantic, will make coal deposits a subject of deep interest to the statesman, and to all who have an interest in the prosper- ity of these favored regions. Most bountiful is the supply of mineral wealth to this richest seat of nature's munificence, and doubtless will cqual the most ex- tended use which her other gifts can ever demand.
The section of the coal seam at Cannelton increases in thickness in the inte- rior, as where it is cut by the White, Eel and Wabash rivers, it is from six to ten feet thick.
map of CANNELTON
EXPLANATIONS
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PERRY CO. IA. Surveyed and draun ly CHAS. A. FULLER.
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The importance of this coal field to Indiana, the wealth that is to be dug out of her hills, so long overlooked, the home market that will here be made for our agricultural products, the capital and population which will be attracted from abroad by this affluent combination of manufacturing advantages warrant the anticipation that Cannelton, at no distant day, may become a large and impor- tant manufacturing city .- Chamberlain's Gazetteer of Indiana, 1849.
This town was first laid out in 1835, and settled by colliers under the super- vision of Rhodes and McLane. In 1836 the American Cannel Coal Compa- ny was formed, which owes its origin to the late Gen. Seth Hunt, of New Hampshire; a man whose intelligence was only equalled by the energy of his character, and who, in connection with Messrs. Hobart, Williams and Russell. then wealthy capitalists of Boston, purchased a large tract of land, consisting of about 7000 acres, and made several entries to the coal strata. The capital stock of this company is $500,000. From 400,000 to 500,000 bushels of coal is mined here per annum. The site of this town is on a bend of the Ohio, and embraces over 1000 acres between the river and the coal hills. The landing is very fine. The principal improvements and growth of Cannelton have taken place within the last twelve months. Its population is now somewhere between 1200 and 1500 persons.
The most extensive improvement in the place is the Cannelton cotton mill. The Indiana cotton factory, which is represented by figure 7 on the map, is not yet commenced, although the stock of the company is taken. and the building will be under way in a few weeks. In addition to the church already erected, a Presbyterian church is to be put up during the present season, be- sides a Catholic chapel. A large first class hotel, containing over 70 sleeping rooms, is now being constructed, and will be ready for occupatien by the last of May. Besides the saw and grist mill of J. C. Porter & Co., referred to on the map, the cotton mill company have already in operation a fine steam plan- ing mill, and connected with the same power, several circular saws, turning lathes, &c. The establishment of Mr. Z. W. Merrithew, for the manufacture of shaved shingles, is also worthy of notice. A short distance above Castle- bury creek, and npon the bank of the river, Messrs. Ross, Talbott & Co. are erecting a large saw and flouring mill. Just below the month of Dozier creek. Mr. Thomas M. Smith is about building another saw mill. A building has already been erected by Messrs. Smith & Badger for a foundry, but is not yet in operation. The tin, copper and sheet iron establishment of J. S. Thayer & Bro. is well known to the community. Recently our friend Beacon has commenced the manufacture of brick, and in a short time will be ready to fil. all orders in this respect. We have some eight or ten stores of different kinds, and a full supply of professional gentlemen. We have bakers, butchers shoemakers, tailors and milliners.
The Rev. Mr. Whitworth preaches to us every Sabbath, and Mrs. Whit worth will open a school for the education of females on the first of nex: month. A Sabbath School is duly organized and in successful operation, with a large number of pupils. There are two private schools in the place, kept by Messrs. Jones and Gardner. A division of the order of the Sons of Temper ance is established here, and quite recently a very respectable number of lado entered the ranks of Total Abstinence, under the title of "Cadets," and are fighting manfully against the use of intoxicating liquors. The zeal which they manifest in the cause is worthy the imitation of older people. An association for the diffusion of useful knowledge and the establishment of a circulating library has been formed and a few volumes purchased, which it is hoped will induce the spirit of reading, and result in a large acquisition of useful books by which still more good may ultimately be accomplished.
We have thus briefly referred to the most important improvements of ou town, although in our remarks we have said nothing of the private dwelling now being erected in all parts of the village, nor of others that we know ar 10 be erected during the present season .- Cannelton Economist.
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AN ACT to incorporate the Cannelton Cotton Mill.
Be it cnacted by the General Assemby of the State of Indiana: That C. T. James, E. M. Huntington, Hamilton Smith. S. P. Chase. James Boyd, Jacob Beckwith, Thomas M. Smith, James Low, Kandall Crawford, Pearly Cham- berlain, and John N. Breden, their associates, successors, aud assigns, be and they are hereby made a corporation, by the name of the "Cannelton Cotton Mill," for the purpose of manufacturing cotton and other goods, at the town of Cannelton in the county of Perry, Indiana, and for this purpose shall have all he powers and privileges, and be subject to all the duties and requisitions con- ained in the statute of 1843, Chapter 32, Article second, respecting corpora- ions.
Be it further enacted: That the capital stock of said corporation shall not ex- eed five hundred thousand dollars, and that the said corporation may be law- illy seized and possessed of such real estate as may be necessary and conven- ent for the purposes aforesaid, not exceeding the value of fifty thousand dol- ars exclusive of buildings and improvements that may be made by the corpo- ation.
This act shall take effect and be in force as a public act during the term of fty years, from and after its passage, unless said corporation shall sooner be oluntarily dissolved by the stockholders, of which due public notice shall be iven.
(Signed.)
WILLIAM A. PORTER, Speaker of the House of Representatives. PARIS C. DUNNING, Speaker of the Senate.
Approved, Feb'y 15, 1848. (Signed.) JAS. WHITCOMB.
Originated in the House of Representatives,
(Signed,)
M. S. WARD, CI'k.
TATE OF INDIANA:
I, John H. Thompson, Secretary of State, for the State oresaid, do hereby certify that the foregoing is an entire and correct copy of act entitled an "Act to incoporate the Cannelton Cotton Mill," taken from e original enrollment, now on file in my office. In testimony whereof. I ve set my hand, and affixed the seal of the State, at Indianapolis, the 15th day February, A. D. 1848.
JOHN H. THOMPSON, Secretary of State. By W. R. STRANGE, Deputy.
The Cannelton Cotton Mill, was fully organized on the 22d of Sept., 1848. election of the following officers and directors.
DIRECTORS;
WILLIAM RICHARDSON, Pres. ALFRED THRUSTON, Treaa. CHARLES W. SHORT, WM. F. PETTIT.
LEWIS RUFFNER.
JAMES C FORD,
PEARLY CHAMBERLAIN,
T. C. COLEMAN,
OLIVER J MORGAN, of Carroll Parish, La.
WILLIAM McLANE, of Bedford, Ind.
HAMILTON SMITH, Secretary .
Ten other charters similar to this in form and for different manufac- ing purposes in Perry county are under the control of the Coal Com- hy, and are offered, free of charge, to companies who may select this inty for their operations.
CANNELTON MILL CANNELTON.
The Cannelton Collon Mill, for 10.800 spindles and 372 looms, is 297 feet long and 65 feet wide; or 282 by 60 feet in the clear. Towers 106 feet high. The attic, 220 by 40 feet, is lighted by windows in the roof, and gable enda. Corner stone Jaid May 21. 1849. Engine in the basement near the left wing.
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This edifice is now complete and is receiving its machinery. The chimney, 100 feet high, stands at a distance of 20 feet from the left wing and is made of cut stone, corresponding with that in the main building.
It is believed that this is the best, and, (all things considered,) the cheapest cotton mill of the size in the United States.
Its outline and finish give it the appearance of an extravagant work, but the cheapness with which the material is obtained and worked (7 cents per super- ficial foot. "bed and build" for dressing); the great solidity and durability which is required for heavy machinery, and here obtained by farge blocks of stone, and the convenient uses to which the towers are put, make it an economical building. There is, of course, the greatest effectiveness and the least deterior- ation of machinery in the most solid building, and the profits of a cotton mill lepend very much on the permanency and effectiveness of the machinery.
In one of the towers are wide and easy stairways that secure entire safety for operatives in every room in case of fire; in the other are water closets opening into each room. and between are large doors through which machine- ry, furniture, &c., can be received into each story. Perfect ventillation is ob- ained by a draught from each room downward through the water closets and vanit and by a tunnel from the vault to the bottom of the chimney. This con- jection is opened at the close of work, morning and evening, and the draught s sufficiently powerful to draw the floating particles of cotton in the attic downwards and then upwards through the chimney. Thus the ornamental parts of the building have been made subservient to the useful.
The mill is heated by steam pipes, and eventually will be lighted with gas; he fire apparatus is connected with the engine, well, cisterns in the rear, in he attic and in the tower. Sufficient hose will connect with water plugs in ach room. The well is 14 feet in diameter, and as is believed, will give an mple supply of water at all times, but to guard against all accidents, large cis- erns in the rear will be kept full of water. Cheap fuel will enable the con- any to keep up a head of steam during the night sufficient to set the fire pparatns at work in a few minutes. In the right wing is the agent's office nd the willow and picker rooms in the' basement, and in the other wing le boilers, office and cloth rooms. The roofs are covered with tin; the cor- ices and guttering are of stone; the main building and wings are as near fire - roof as practicable. A fire-proof warehouse for cotton and cloth is to be put p in the rear of the mill.
The plans and arrangements of the mill were made by Gen. C. T. James, of . I., and reflects great credit on his taste and skill. He is also contractor for he entire machinery, most of which was made at the well known establishment f W. Mason & Co., Taunton, Mass.
'The factory fronts the Ohio River, and is situated upon a lot comprising pont eight acres, and is distant from the river bank about 300 yards. It is en- rely above all inundations, and for pleasantness of locality cannot be sur- assed. Large and commodious boarding houses for the accommodation of e operatives are being erected near the mill, under the superintendance of r. Buckliu, of Providence, R. I. The machinery is now being placed in e mill, and will be completed during the summer. The overseers, engineers, achinists, and a large part of the operatives have been and will be selected om the best mills in New England. In a few months, as is believed, this mill ill be turning ont as large a product as any similar mill in the world.
LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS OF CANNELTON COTTON MILL.
Cannelton Cotton Mill .- It has been shown that Cannelton has superior natural advantages a manufacturing city to any other of which we now have any knowledge. To develope ese advantages, we only require the aid of men of character, intelligence and capital. To
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show that such men nre already enlisted with us, we subjoin a list of the stockholders of the Cannelton cotton mill:
William Richardson, Dr. Charles W. Short, Hamilton Smith, Lewis Ruffner, Pearly Cham berlain, Wm. F. Pettit, Alfred Thruston, Robinson, Peter & Carey, Robinson & Brothers, Jo seph S. Morris, Edwin Morris, Thomas C. Coleman, James C. Ford, E. Hutchings, Col. Thoma Auderson, Robert G. Courtnay, James E. Breed, Col. Stephen H. Long. T. G. Richardson, Ja sob Beckwith, Samuel L. Nock, John L. Martin, Thomas E. Wilson, Willis Ranney, Wm. A Richardson, and Charles H. Lewis, Louisville, Ky .; James Boyd, Hon. E. M. Huntington, ao J. B. Smith, Cannelton, Ind ; Col. William McLane, Bedford, Ind .; Hou. Rob't Dale Owen, an Dr. David D. Owen, New Harmony, Ind .; Randal Crawford, New Albany, Ind .; Hon. O. J. Mor gan, Carrell Parish, La .; Hon. Henry Bry, Monroe, La .; Dr. M. J. Sellers, Providence, La; Hon Maunsel White, and F. Y. Carlile, New Orleans, La .; Rt. Rev L. Polk, Th bedeauxville, La Col. Wm. L. Campbell and Hon. Francis Griffin, Greenville, Miss .; David Hunt, Rodney, Miss. John Hutchins and R. M. Gaines, Natchez, Miss .; Charles T. James, Providence, R. I.
The above list is unquestionably the strongest of its kind ever got up in the Missisippi valley There is not on it the name of a "speculator." Every name on it is that of a man of substance who has mouey to invest every year. Most of these names represent men of fortune, whi have made their estates by habitual thrift. They have not taken hold of this thing t make a fancy stock, but to make a permanent investment. If this mill meets their expecta tions, they are able and will be ready to build another. Indeed, we have no question but that they are able to build and put in operation such a mill as this out of their annual surplus in come, and we know that Messrs. Ford, Martin, Ilunt, Bry, Morgan, Campbell. Griffin, Gaine und Hutchins, could furnish a full supply of cotton to this mill, out of their surplus crop. Th officers of the company, who receive no emolument from their offices, own about $100,000 < the stock. The contractor for the machinery has not only invested over $30,000 in and abor the mill, but has invested therein his reputation as a manufacturer and mill builder. He ha pledged himself to make this mill the best (i. e., most productive) of the kind in the world, an has stated that Cangelton is the best position now known for the establishment and operatic of a cotton mill.
Of these stockholders one is Col. S. H. Long, the distinguished head of the U. S. Topograpl ical Bureau in the West, who is justly regarded as the ablest and most experienced civil eng neer in America. Another is Hon. R. Dale Owen, who was once a ce ton manufacturer in Sco land, and whose extended observation in all the important manufacturing districts of the worl fully qualifies him to judge of our advantages. Another is Dr. D. Dale Owen, whose geologica information, practical and scientific, is unsurpassed. To these high authorities we refer for th tuth of our statements as to the superior advantages of our position.
The Louisville stockholders are among the most prominent and successful business meo that city, and are familiar with every department of Western finance, trade and commerce.
In short, these stockholders are men who do not engage in any enterprise without due consi eration, and who are sure to accomplish whatever they undertake, They are men not to 1 discouraged by petty obstacies, and cannot be diverted from their well considered purposes I the doubts of ignorance or the opposition of other interests. There is a certainty that this will mako all that can be made out of their advantages and operations here.
[ Cannelton Economist.t
The INDIANA COTTON MILL, with a charter and capital similar to that of the Cannelton Cotton Mill, has been organized and will be put in operation as sood as practicable. This will inake coarse goods, such as blankets, tickings, & James Boyd is President of this company.
Immediately below Cannelton a town has been laid off by a company Boston capitalists. The site of this town is favorable, the river privileges ed cellent, and the coal lies convenient. From the energy and means of the ged tlemen engaged in this movement, it will doubtless be attended with lars results.
Still further below, and near Troy, Messrs. S. Casseday, W. Garvin, V Bell, E. T. Bainbridge and P. Chamberlain, have a valuable site and miner rights over an extended surface. Their charter, the Indiana Pottery Compar is of the most favorable character. This company commenced operations: 1838, but in consequence of difficulties in obtaining operatives from Englar suspended operations after a year's trial and rented its property. James N on is the present lessec, and now employs 10 hands in making coarse ware.
The opinions of these gentlemen, in connection with the statements of dis- tinguished manufacturers, geologists and engineers in the pamphlet, are, as is believed, sufficient to sustain the high claims of Cannelton as a most favorable site for manufactures.
H. S.
LAFAYETTE, July 4, 1850.
DEAR SIR: I acknowledge the receipt of the pamphlet entitled "Cannelton, &c." I appreciate the facts most fully, and, with an inti- mate knowledge of the resources of that section of our State lying on the Ohio River, I hesitate not to recommend to the attention of capital- ists the undertakings you have there commenced. If manufactures can flourish in the United States, they must succeed at Cannelton, where there are so many advantages in abundant raw material, economical power, and facilities for labor.
Respectfully Yours,
H. L. ELLSWORTH.
HAMILTON SMITH, ESQ.
NEW HARMONY, Ind., June 17, 1850.
Sir :- I have received, and read with pleasure, your pamphlet on the fatural Advantages for manufacturing of Cannelton, and heartily con- ur in the general correctness of the facts and inferences therein pre- ented.
As early as the year 1838, when engaged, as Geologist of Indiana, in n examination of her Mineral resources, I expressed the opinion that, ere, as in England and other portions of Europe, on the coal measures the true basis of successful manufacturing enterprise and industry; id that on the margin of our coal formation is to be found what may naphatically be termed the mineral region of this State. These con- lerations point to Cannelton and a few other locations in its vicinity, the eastern margin, also to a narrow belt between Shawneetown and e mouth of the Cumberland, on the western margin of the great Illi- is coal field, as the most promising sites on the lower Ohio, for man- icturing and mining purposes.
Potter's clay, and especially fire clays, are commonly found as- iated with those argillaceous strata which embrace the best seams of al; and this, in an economical point of view, is no inconsiderable I am, Sir, your ob't serv't,
PI
D. D. OWEN.
concur in the views above expressed by my brother, Dr. Owen.
ROB'T DALE OWEN.
To HAMILTON SMITH, Esq., Louisville.
LOUISVILLE, July 5, 1850.
FIR: The topographical surveys made by me at and near Cannelton, e me a full opportunity of examining the advantages of that locality manufacturing purposes, which, as I think, are correctly stated in the going pamphlet. Taking into view the depth of water along the
shore, the elevation of a large portion of the town site above the level of the highest freshets, the character of its building materials and the abun- dance and convenience of its bituminous coal, I am decidedly of the opinion that the resources of Cannelton for manufacturing purposes are superior to those of any other position in the West of' which I have any knowledge. Respectfully, your obedient servant,
CHAS! A. FULLER, United States Civ. Engineer.
To the President of the Am. Can. Coal Co.
LOUISVILLE, July 5, 1850.
. I 'fully concur in the opinions expressed by Capt. Fuller in the fore- going note. Several years since, Gen. Armistead, Surgeon Gen. Law. son, and myself, were directed by the Secretary of War to examine the country adjacent to the navigable rivers of the West, with a view to the selection of the most suitable site for a Western armory. The nature, character, and extent of supplies of all kinds, required for carrying on manufacturing operations, were objects claiming our particular attention. The means of procuring the requisite mechanical power, and especially the relative economy of water power and steam power, were carefully investigated. The results obtained, in this last respect, showed conclu sively, that steam power, generated by the combustion of bituminou coal, at ten cents per bushel, would be more economical, as well as more manageable in all respects, than water power, at any site tha could be found within the extensive region examined. These results together with numerous others relating to supplies of all kinds, commer cial facilities, centrality of positions, &c., &c., were communicated t Congress through the War Department, early in 1843. (See Hous Doc., No. 441, 1844.)"
The site selected was that of Fort Massac on the lower Ohio. I the estimation, particularly of. Gen. Armistead and myself, the advanta ges centering at this point, all things considered, were greater than thos that could be brought to bear on any other site, by reason mainly, tha all needful supplies could be brought hither, from the vasi region draine by the Ohio, upper Mississippi and Missouri rivers, by descending nav gation. While the fabrics manufactured - thereat, could be distribute thence through navigable channels, to all parts of the vast region situ. ted between the Gulf of Mexico, and the northern boundary of th United States.
With respect to the economy of steam power at Cannelton, the cos of bituminous coal for its maintenance, to the fullest extent required manufacturing operations, will be less than one half of that adopted the standard of comparison in arriving at the results above mentione while the facilities of obtaining provisions and raw materials of all sort at this locality, though slightly less considerable in some respects, a quite equal in others, and in very many. instances superior to those th can be had at Massac, or any other point on the Western waters, you have shown with sufficient clearness, in the statistical views of t foregoing pamphlet. Very respectfully, sir, your ob't serv't,
STEPH. H. LONG, Superintendent:W. R. Imp'ts, &c. To HAMILTON SMITH, Esq., Louisville, Ky. , .
1833
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