USA > Indiana > Whitley County > Counties of Whitley and Noble, Indiana : historical and biographical > Part 20
USA > Indiana > Noble County > Counties of Whitley and Noble, Indiana : historical and biographical > Part 20
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The first physician in the village was William Loveland, who came in the spring of 1861, and remained till the fall of 1862. The next was G. W. Eck- man, who came in the spring of 1863, and still resides here. William Birney located here in the spring of 1866, and remained two years. Dr. N. I. Kith-
196
HISTORY OF WHITLEY COUNTY.
cart came in August, 1874, and remained till March, 1876. Dr. N. R. Wen- ger came in the fall of 1876, and Dr. H. Gregg in the fall of 1880, both of whom still reside here.
The only saloon in the village was owned by J. Owens, who sold to George Graves, the present proprietor.
The village has a population of about one hundred and fifty, one church (the Methodist Episcopal), and one schoolhouse of two rooms. The cost of the schoolhouse was about $3,000.
About the year 1854, Rev. Jacob Wolf erected a building on a farm then owned by himself, but now owned and occupied by Andrew Steele, about two miles northeast of Coesse. This building he intended at the time as a nucleus around which to erect more substantial structures, and to be known as " Wart- burg College." Himself and Rev. A. J. Douglas commenced teaching here before the entire completion of the building, and continued for about two years, when it was discontinued. Before his death, Mr. Wolf willed this property to Wittenburg College, Springfield, Ohio. The first term of school in this town- ship was taught by Mrs. Cornelia Bonestel, daughter of Horace Cleveland, in the summer of 1839 or 1840, in a cabin on the land of G. W. Oman. The wages were $1.50 per week, and the teacher boarded with her parents. Per- haps three or four terms were taught in this house, when, a few families having located a little farther south and west, it was thought better to have the school in a more central locality. So a cabin was erected on the north side of Beaver Run, which was thenceforth known as "the schoolhouse on the hill." After a few years, this cabin was superseded by a frame house on the same site. This was sold and removed ten or twelve years since, a new house having been erected in another part of the district. In the summer of 1845, Mrs. Simon Sherod taught school in her dwelling, this being the first school in the northwest corner of the township. In the autumn of 1842, a school cabin was built, about a quarter of a mile west of the residence of Charles Hess, on Yellow River road, on land known as the " Carpenter tract." In the spring of 1846, the first school was taught in the Boyd District by Mary Brown. ( Amanda Tousley taught the second term, Eliza Young the third, Mrs. Cornelia Travis the fourth, George Lawson the fifth and E. A. Smith the sixth. Riley Merrill taught the first school in the Hull District, in the winter of 1847-48, Maxie (Jones) Foust the second, and Miranda (Morse) Root the third. These teachers "boarded around."
In the autumn of 1838, George Walker and Jacob Wolf came to this township from Richland County, Ohio. Soon after their settlement here, Mr. Wolf commenced preaching, sometimes at private residences, then again at the schoolhouse, near Oman's. After a schoolhouse was built on the hill, near what is now the Steele farm, he frequently preached there, yet continuing to preach occasionally at private houses. At this time, and for a few years after, he was connected with the Presbyterian Church, afterward uniting with the
197
UNION TOWNSHIP.
Evangelical Lutheran Church of Coesse. Addison Merrill was the first Meth- odist minister who ever preached in this township. He preached at private houses, and at the schoolhouses in the vicinity. The salaries of these ministers were such scanty donations as the poor settlers were able and disposed to make, a fixed salary being almost unknown. All this was prior to any church organ- ization.
Eel River Presbyterian Church was organized October 15, 1841, Rev. Jacob Wolf, pastor. At the time of organization, the following persons united : George Walker and wife, James Pringle and wife, William Park, Mrs. Vance, Miss Catharine Van Houten. These persons were admitted by certificate, and Jacob A. Van Houten on examination. At this meeting, James Pringle and Jacob A. Van Houten were elected Ruling Elders. November 27, 1842, David Wolf and wife and Robert Craig were admitted as members. November 24, 1844, Ira G. Wisner and wife; June 26, 1846, Gilbert Shaw and wife, also Mrs. Dinsmore and Nancy Wolf. June 27, Alexander Boyd and wife were eceived by letter. February 13, 1848, Ephraim Smith united with this hurch. May 27, 1848, Gilbert Shaw was elected a Ruling Elder. May 28, 1848, Martha Smith admitted on certificate. June 2, 1849, Matthew P. Walker was admitted on examination. January 27, 1850, Joseph Douglas and wife were received by letter. Early in the year 1850, James Greer was installed as pastor; Rev. J. N. Swan, in 1852, and Rev. Luke Dorland in 1861. From the time of the organization of this church until the termination of the pastorate of the Rev. J. N. Swan, its condition was eminently prosper- ous. After that time, it seemed to be doomed, and ceased to exist as an organ- ized body several years since.
The organization of Union Center Lutheran Church was effected April 8, 1857, Rev. H. Wells, pastor ; William C. Mowry, Clerk. At this meeting, Rev. Jacob Wolf and James Worden were elected Elders and Trustees, and William C. Mowry and Jacob J. Halenbeck as Deacons and Trustees. At the time of organization, the following persons united with this church : Jacob Wolf and wife, James Worden and wife, William C. Mowry and wife, Jacob J. Halenbeck and wife, Samuel Rouch and Samuel L. Rouch. The second pastor was Rev. Solomon Ritz ; third, Rev. A. J. Douglas ; fourth, Rev. Albert Studebaker ; fifth, Rev. J. B. Baltzly ; sixth and present pastor, Rev. J. N. Barnett. Their church building, just north of the village of Coesse, was erected in 1857. James Worden was the propelling power in this enterprise. The land for the church and cemetery was donated by Elias Winter. A child of C. and M. A. Rummel was the first buried in this cemetery.
The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1849, John R. Davis, minister. Jesse Sparks completed the organization, remained one year, and was succeeded by A. C. Barnhart, and he by William Blake. Original mem- bers : Stephen H. Clark and wife, David Pringle and wife, John R. Chorn and wife, Francis Mossman and wife, Silas Burt and wife, David Tousley and wife.
thu P.F. WTC, R. W, was put this Hand Jourley build a large Store builder
198
HISTORY OF WHITLEY COUNTY.
Nathaniel Allen and wife were Methodists, but did not unite with this society at its organization. In 1863, Coesse was set apart as a separate charge, and, during the year 1870, this charge erected a house for worship in the village. This work was superintended by Rev. McCarter.
The Christian Church, one and a half miles south of Coesse, was organized October 29, 1854, with the following members : Daniel Holt and wife, Samuel Whistler and wife, William C. Morse and wife, David S. Morse and wife, Polly Foster, Eliza Lake, Nancy Tousley. Rev. Peter Weinbrenner was the first pastor ; he remained five years. Then followed, in the order named, James Atchinson, Philip Ziegler, William Manville, James Atchinson, C. V. Strickland, James Atchinson, who officiates at this writing. The first services were held in a log schoolhouse on the land of Daniel Holt. The church build- ing was erected in 1872. The cost of the building is not known. The Sun- day school was organized about the same time as the church. Daniel Holt was the first Superintendent. The salary of the minister for one-fourth of the time is about $100.
CHAPTER X.
BY PROF. W. L. MATHEWS.
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP-ORIGIN OF NAME-CREATION OF TOWNSHIP-EARLY OFFICERS-THE FIRST SETTLEMENT-ENTRY OF LAND-PIONEER PURSUITS -INDUSTRIAL GROWTH-EDUCATION AND RELIGION.
W ASHINGTON TOWNSHIP was named in honor of the Father of our Country, and organized September 8, 1840. The petition was pre- sented to the Board of County Commissioners by a number of citizens "pray- ing the organization of a civil township having all the rights and privileges to transact business as such," which petition the board granted. Subsequently an election was ordered for one Justice of the Peace, and it was accordingly held at the house of Abraham Lesley, and Daniel Lesley was appointed Inspector. Subsequently, for a number of years, the various elections were held at the house of Abraham Lesley, who was always ready to receive every one in a hospitable manner. In those days there was not much political antagonism at elections, but, on the contrary, genuine good feeling and personal regard for individual opinion prevailed. At an election held at the home of Daniel Lesley, in April, 1845, there were only eighteen votes polled, and there were scarcely enough votes to fill the various township offices. Whether there were any more voters in the township at that time or not, or whether they remained away for fear of being elected to office, remains in doubt.
The first white settler of which any authentic account can be given was Joseph N. Ecker, who settled on Section 7, in the northwest part of the town- ship in the fall of 1836. He was the first man assessed in the township, the
Peter ( reager) WASHINGTON TP.
201
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.
amount being twenty-four and a half cents. Soon after came Reuben Long, John Oliver, Adam Creager, Samuel Broden, Fred Wybright, William Sterling, Abraham Lesley, Jonas Baker, Henry Emery, John Arnold, John Wise, William Cates, Michael Sickafoose, Martin Bechtol and Enos Goble. The pop- ulation in 1840 was probably 40 ; in 1880, 1,480. In 1840, there were 25 polls ; in 1881, 241.
In 1838, the assessment of personal property was $21, and the amount assessed for taxes 25 cents. The tax in 1831 amounted to $4,545.35.
.Among the number who entered land at an early date may be mentioned the following names, although they did not, in many cases, settle upon the lands until some time after the date of purchase :
NAMES.
Sec.
Town.
Range.
Acres.
Hds.
Location Section.
Date.
Nathan Jinks.
1
30
9
499
25
July 31, 1836
Nathan Jinks
1
30
9
99
37
July 31, 1836
Abraham B. Marsh
2
30
9
108
61
N. W. fr.
July 23, 1836
Abraham B. Marsh
2
30
9
100
...
S. W. fr.
July 23, 1836
John Delafield.
3
30
9
107
82
N. E. fr.
Oct. 14, 1835
John Delafield.
3
30
9
102
38
N. W. fr.
Oct. 14, 1835
John B. Beebee
3
30
9
320
...
S. 3
Oct. 19, 1835
John Delafield.
4
30
9
104
06
N. E. fr.
Oct. 14, 1835
John Delafield.
4
30
9
101
73
N. W. fr.
Oct. 14, 1835
John Townsend
5
30
9
96
84
N. E. fr.
Sept. 30, 1835
John Townsend
5
30
9
48
79
E. ¿ N. W. 4
Sept. 30, 1835
Abraham Studebaker ..
5
30
9
48
63
W. & N. W.
Sept. 30, 1835
Abraham Studebaker ..
5
30
9
80
...
W. & S. W.
Sept. 30, 1835
John Reed.
5
30
9
80
...
E. S. E.
July 16, 1836
John Reed.
6
30
9
73
80
N. E. fr.
July 16, 1836
John S. Borry.
6
30
9
17
50
N. E. fr:
Oct. 17, 1835
William Arnold.
6
30
9
249
S. E. Į W. ¿ S.E.
Sept. 30, 1835
Abraham Studebaker
6
30
9
80
...
E. S. E.
Sept. 30, 1835
W. Arnold.
6
30
9
58
77
Lot 4.
Sept. 30, 1835
Abraham Studebaker ...
6
30
9
35
14
No. 1.
Sept. 30, 1835
William Arnold.
6
30
9
87
14
No. 213.
Sept. 30, 1835
Joseph Ecker
7
30
9
168
37
N. W.
Oct. 10, 1835
Joseph Mullendore.
7
30
9
326
79
S. 1.
Oct. 10, 1835
...
Adam Creager and Susan Stoner were married December 18, 1839, which was undoubtedly the first marriage in the township ; Levi Creager to Margaret Fulke, December 7, 1842, was the second, and David Rittenhouse to Margaret Fullertone, April 14, 1843, the third. The first birth in the township occurred about the year 1843, and was that of Joseph Schurck, who died in infancy. This was probably the first death in the township.
The first election was held at the house of Abraham Lesley, which has already been mentioned. At that election the following electors were present : George Reddinghouse, David Reddinghouse, George D. Reddinghouse, Jr., Fred Weybright, Adam Creager, John Oliver, Abraham Lesley, Enos Miles, Jacob Ecker, Joseph Ecker, Samuel Brayton, Reuben Long, William Kales, Jesse Baugher, William Lesley and Henry Bayler. There are two voting pre- cincts in this township, and at the April election, 1882, there were 191 votes polled. At the Presidential election, in 1881, there were 355 votes.
202
HISTORY OF WHITLEY COUNTY.
Among those who held the office of Justice of the Peace appear the names of the following: George D. Reddinghouse, April 14, 1843 ; Jacob Ecker, January 12, 1844 ; Adam Creager, May 15, 1849; and Joseph Stults, April 21, 1852; the last again commissioned April 22, 1856.
In postal matters, the people of this township were put to great incon- venience for a number of years, and in many instances months would pass before hearing from friends at the old home. The first post office was estab- lished about the year 1848, near the center of the township, and Martin Bechtol was the Postmaster ; he was succeeded by William Chamberlain, Sr. Previous to that time, those who lived in the north part of the township went to Columbia City and South Whitley for their mail, while others went to Hunt- ington and Liberty Mills, the former located in Huntington County, the latter in Wabash County. The large sheet of letter paper, folded in various forms, backed and sealed with a wafer, answered the purpose of our modern envelope.
Who taught the first school in Washington Township is really a matter of doubt. Jesse Case seems to have been the first teacher. He taught near the cen- ter of the township, in what is now known as District No. 8, and had about twenty scholars. This was in the winter of 1842-43. The school was sustained by subscription, and was continued for about eight or nine weeks. Joseph Stults followed Mr. Case, and he by Enos Goble. The first order to pay school funds to teachers was issued April 11, 1853, to John P. Alexander, $26.50. The order was numbered one. The next was numbered three, and was issued to Benjamin Mussleman, $42.00, in 1853. In 1858, there were nine districts, with inferior log schoolhouses; there are, at present, 1882, four neat brick houses, costing about $3,600, and five frame, costing about $2,500. Under the old law, all children between the ages of five and twenty-one years were enumerated, and in March, 1858, the enumeration of children amounted to · 151 males and 157 females, making a total of 308. Under the present law, all children between the ages of six years and twenty-one are enumerated. The number, March, 1882, amounts to 267 males and 245 females. In 1858, the school fund paid to the nine teachers employed aggregated $152; in 1881-82, the school fund for all purposes amounted to $1,863.07. April 3, 1854, Phineas + Tracy, Samuel Young and Joseph Young were elected Township School Trustees ; Martin Bechtol, Treasurer; and W. E. Merriman, Clerk. The schools of the township are in good condition, and the teachers generally effi- cient. The apparatus aggregates about the value of $600, and is of a substan- tial character.
The first physician to visit this part of the county was Dr. F. L. McHugh, an Irishman of great skill and learning. He located west of where Columbia City now stands, and he visited all parts of the county. He was kept going in a lively manner and had good success. Dr. Banta located in the township about the year 1843, and for some time was the principal physician. In 1841, there was scarcely a family in which a majority of them were not sick. Not-
203
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.
withstanding all this sickness, there were but few deaths. A few of the settlers became discouraged, and longed for the " flesh pots of Egypt," or asked them- selves the question, why were we brought into this "land to perish."
In 1840, there were but few roads in the township, the principal one being one from Washington Center to South Whitley, and thence north to Columbia City. Joseph Ecker, Reuben Long, John Oliver, James Baker and Abraham Lesley were the principal men who cut out the roads for the convenience of the settlers. These roads were soon after surveyed, and ran on section lines as far as was convenient. The following is a list of the names that were required in 1854 to work the roads, as copied from the records : Joseph Weiker, C. Shafer, D. Akers, S. Akers, W. Akers, J. Davis, J. Long, H. Baker, P. Huber, J. Wise, R. Long, J. Metz, J. Peadly, J. Shearer, J. Wearce, B. Mus- sleman, P. Burwell, L. Creager, W. Ligier, A. Lesley, H. Shearer, L. Shearer, D. Brenneman, M. Waince and A. Fisher. About the best roads in the county are now found in this section of country ; they are, as a rule, conveniently located, and kept in good condition. Under the new law, creating the office of road superintendent, passed by the Legislature of 1881, much is expected of that officer. The Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railroad passes through the northern part of the township, but as yet there is no station within its limits.
The first church organized in this township seems to have been of the Ro- man Catholic faith, about the year 1845, with about ten members. Inasmuch as there is no pastor of the church, it is impossible to give the desired informa- tion. Soon after a Dunkard Church was organized with a membership of about twenty. It is now in a flourishing condition, and has a large membership. April 18, 1846, a Baptist Church was organized near the center of the town- ship, with seven members-Jeremiah Merriman and wife, Phineas Tracy and wife, Bazalell Tracy and Elijah Tracy, and J. B. Allyn. The discourse was delivered by Elder G. Sleeper ; James B. Allyn was the Moderator, and George Sleeper, Clerk. The present membership is fifty-eight. There are two Lutheran churches in the western part of the township, and two United Brethren in addition to those mentioned. The citizens are generally known for their morality and good character. Revs. Parrett, Smith, Losard and Chaplin were among the first ministers.
The East Bethel M. E. Church was built in 1869 by Samuel Sickafoose, at a cost of about $2,000, the building committee being Michael Holm, Fred- erick Morrell and John Decker. The building is a frame structure and has no bell. It was dedicated in October, 1869, by Rev. Monson. Long before the erection of the church (in 1857), a Methodist class had been formed, some of the early members being Michacl Holm (deceased ) and wife, John Smith and wife and Levi Creager. The class at present is small, but not in fervor nor sincerity. Some of the ministers have been Bradshaw, Miller, Strite, Smith, McMalin, Baker, Lacy, Waymen, Curtis and Mott. In 1858, a Sun- day school was organized under the superintendence of Michael Holm. The
204
HISTORY OF WHITLEY COUNTY.
school, though small numerically at first, grew and prospered, and its influence upon the youth of the neighborhood was fully realized as the years passed. Many went to Sunday school, who could not conscientiously accept the tenets of the church, of which the school was an adjunct. All could meet there and worship God upon the broad basis of Christianity ; and thus, though the class was weak in numbers and in funds, and though it had no building save school- houses or residences, its power was felt by all, including non-professors, who gathered to hear the songs, prayers and professions of faith. The school has ebbed and flowed in succession during the years, until at present it numbers twenty-five members. The present Superintendent is C. Ward ; and the teach- ers are John Decker, Thomas Sickafoose and wife, and John Cates.
The Baptist Church near Mr. Bechtol's was erected in 1869, by A. Clark, and the service of dedication was conducted by Rev. David Scott. The cost of this frame structure was about $1,400; the names of those giving the most toward its construction being Martin Bechtol and Elias Smith. The class was organized many years ago in the old cabin of Mr. Bechtol. This cabin is yet standing ; but the voice of God's minister, the prayers of the faithful and the joyous songs of little children echo no more within its walls. The old is care- lessly thrown aside for the new, and no regret crosses the heart of the present generation ; but the old people, those who cannot forget the warm associations of earlier years, say with Goldsmith :
"I love everything that's old-old friends, Old times, old manners, old books, old wine."
Among the ministers of this church have been Revs. Childs, Hitchcock, Reece, Fuller, Dunon, Collins, Wilder, Price, Worth, Robinson, Gooden and Ward. Among the early members were Jeremiah Merriman and wife, Baza- leel Tracy and wife, Thomas Tracy and wife, and Elijah Tracy, besides those mentioned above and others. The church is not in a flourishing condition at present. A Sunday school was organized in the Tracy schoolhouse in 1856, under the care of Rev. Collins, and since then, at times, it has been well at- tended. The last Superintendent was David Bechtol, and among the teachers were Lew Richard, Stephen Haley and Rettie B. Alexander. This was dur- ing the summer of 1881. The present membership of the school is fifty- four.
The Washington Center Presbyterian Church was first organized at the house of W. M. Penn in 1856. Among the early members were Mary A. Wagner, W. M. Penn, Louisa Penn, Peter R. Goble, Elizabeth Lehman, Adam Lehman and others. The Sunday school was organized at an early day, and great interest was manifested to have it successful. It was not long before the school numbered fifty or sixty, and at present it is very active. Henry Rich- ard was an early Sunday school Superintendent. The present Superintendent is E. G. Penn. The present membership of the church is about seventy-five.
205
JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP.
The present church was erected in 1873 at a cost of about $2,000. The Building Committee were Peter Creager, M. B. Emberson, Levi Sickafoose, John Smith and S. P. Wagner, and the builders were Samuel Wolf and Sam- uel Sickafoose. The church was dedicated by Rev. Cassel. The building is frame and has a fine bell. Among the ministers have been Joseph Farmer, Jonathan Thomas, Rev. Plummer, Rev. Forbs, John Thomas, G. Sickafoose, Rev. Dennis, Rev. Cevenger, F. Thomas, John Bash, William Simons, S. Duneck, A. Wood, Rev. Cummons and the present pastor, Rev. F. Thomas.
The first mill was built by Mr. Beckley in the fall of 1847. It was a saw-mill, and aided the settlers very much in preparing building material. This mill was running until a few years ago. There is not much manufactur- ing going on in the township, for the reason that the population is engaged exclusively in farming and stock raising.
The township is now well cleared up. In many portions of it fine resi- dences and commodious farms are seen, and those who still survive the changes of time can scarcely realize that this is the land which they found a wilderness, and now far advanced in all the stages of civilization.
CHAPTER XI.
BY J. O. DENNY.
JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP - EARLY SETTLERS - PIONEER LIFE - REMINISCENCES- ORGANIZATION- INDUSTRIES -SCHOOLS -- EARLY PREACHERS-CHURCHES- POST OFFICES-SECRET SOCIETIES-VILLAGES.
"A song for the early times out West And our green old forest home, Whose pleasant memories freshly yet Across the bosom come. A song for the free and gladsome life In those early days we led,
With a teeming soil beneath our feet And a smiling heaven o'erhead !
Oh, the waves of life danced merrily, And had a joyous flow, In the days when we were pioneers, Fifty years ago."
J EFFERSON is the youngest township of Whitley County in regard to both settlement and organization. Forty-seven years ago, the period at which the history of this township begins, considerable progress had been made in the settlement of some parts of the county, but still the primeval forest shadowed here no pioneer's humble cabin, and the settler's ax was yet to begin the conquest of the broad acres then awaiting the plow. The late appearance of settlers here was partly owing to the fact that a large portion of the town- ship, since proven very fertile, then presented a very forbidding appearance,
.
200
HISTORY OF WHITLEY COUNTY.
and partly because a great deal of the best land was held by speculators. But the period of early settlement has come and gone, and now we may pause to retrace some of the steps in the march of improvement and recount a few of the deeds of the sturdy men who wrought in that early day. The work of those sterling hearts and generous natures is a part of the country's history, and the western pioneer will live in song and story when this fair land has seen the flight of coming centuries. Many have gone to "that bourne from which no traveler returns," but the joys and the sorrows incident to pioneer life are still fresh in the memories of a large number of those who will read this record of the olden time.
The history of the settlement begins with the advent of a Mr. Dunlap, of whom but little can be learned, but who came from Christianburg, Ohio, about 1835. He settled on that part of the southeast quarter of Section 24 not included in the reservation, comprising sixty-three and a half acres, erected thereon a small cabin and cleared four or five acres. If the meager accounts concerning him may be relied upon, he did not remain over a year, however. His tastes did not seem to lie in the direction of solitude and cracked corn, and he began to long for the flesh pots of Egypt. So he forsook the frontier and started for Ohio, saying that he was going back to get a mess of peach dump- lings. During his residence here he lost a small child, which was buried in Allen County. This was the first death in the township. The first permanent settler was Moses Fairchild, who was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, July 19, 1811. When a young man, he worked by the month until he had accumulated $100, and, in 1837, he joined the westward flow of emigration. He entered the west half of the southeast half of Section 18, in Jefferson Township, and immediately returned to Ohio, where he remained a year, making money with which to begin life in the wilderness of Indiana. In the fall of 1838, he came West with his family, which consisted of his wife and one child, and which he left at Lot Bayless', who was living in .Allen County, near the line, until he could build a cabin for their reception. In order to reach his land, he followed a road cut by William Plummer, who was located in the southern part of Union Township, and from Mr. Plummer's he cut his way south to his land. Here, with the help of three men, he erected a rude cabin 16x18 feet, into which the light was admitted through one small window made by cutting a section from one of the logs. Into this shelter, with no floor or fire-place, he moved his family, and shortly after added a puncheon floor, a fire-place with a stick chim- ney, and a table made of split boards and fastened to the side of the building. At this time, two dim Indian trails were the nearest approach to a road in the township, and soon after his settlement he cut a road about seven miles east- ward, along the blazed section lines to Lot Bayless', thus giving him a nearly direct route to Fort Wayne. This took twelve days of hard labor, was the first permanent road of the township, and has ever since been known as the Fairchild road. .
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