USA > Indiana > Huntington County > History of Huntington County, Indiana : a narrative account of its historical progress, its people, and its principal interests, Volume I > Part 2
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Miller, John A., 800 Miller, John D., 560
Milligan, Lambdin P., 289 Milligan, Lambdin P. (Portrait), 289 Milo, 104, 161 Minton, John W., 570
Miscellaneous churches, 334
Miscellaneous history, 371 Miscellaneous organizations, 368
Miscellaneous publications, 269
Mississinewa Battle Ground Association, 65
Mississinewa river, 65
Monday Club, 353
Monroe, Philip E., 733
Monument City, 111, 161
Moore, Samuel, 843
Morton proclamation calling regiments of infantry, 180 Mound builders, 15 Mounds, 15 Mount Etna, 107, 161
Mount Etna Guards, 202 Murray, Elias, 94 Muster rolls, 181
Myers, A. Maud, 751
Myers, Matthias S., 750
Natural gas first struck, 252 Neff, Jacob L., 574 Neff, J. H., 646 Neuer, John, 612 Neuer, Theresa E., 613
New Lancaster, 157 Newspapers, 266 Noll, John F., 422 Northwest territory, 58
Official seal, 282 Oil wells, 11, 252 Old bridge over the Wabash on the Mount Etna Road (view), 213 Old court house (view), 82 Old pioneers, 371 . Old stone quarry, Huntington (view), 251 Old Treaty Ground, 41 Orphans' Home, 336 Other regiments, 183
Palmer, Samuel H., 792 Park, Marcus B., 516 Parochial schools, 262
Pastor, Adam, 501 Paul, Andrew, 703 Paul, Samuel, 634 Paul, William H., 687 Payment of Indian annuities, 45
Penfield, James G. I., 671
Perry, Ira E., 674
Petroleum, 11 Phebus, David, 722
Physical features, 1
Physicians, 297
Pioneers, 69 Pioneer amusements, 75
Pioneer cabin (view), 90
Pioneer cabins, 72
Pioneer doctor, 297
Pioneer lawyer, 287
Pioneer residence of Huntington, built by James Bratton in 1852 (view), 134 Pioneer schoolhouses, 256
Pleasant Plain, 104, 162
Plum Tree, 115, 163
Poinier, Edwin W., 514
Polk, James K., 108
Polk township-Area, 108; soil, 108; settlers, 109; early events, 110; schools, 111; towns, 111; churches, 317, 324; cemetery, 345
Pontiac, 51
Pontiac's war, 51
Population of the township, 390
Postoffices in county, 170
Postoffice robbery, 388
Pottawatomi, 27
Pottawatomi treaties, 29
Potts, Anderson, 635
Potts, Ira B., 572
Poultry raising, 242
Powell, Thomas H., 790
Presbyterians, 331
Present court house (vicw), 84
Press, The, 265
Price, James E., 607
Prilaman, David M., 554
Probate court, 280
Probate judges, 286
Progressive Brethren, 329
Prophet, The, 62 Prosecuting attorneys, 287
Public finances, 233
Public libraries, 271
Public school buildings, 259
Purviance, Donald A., 466
Purviance, Harmon M., 479
Quakers, 332 Quakers mission, 69
Raccoon Village, 163
Railroads, 222
Rarick, Samuel W., 744
Ray, John F., 799 Redding, John O., 545 Redding, Richard W., 762
Removal of the Indians, 43 Resolutions upholding union, 174
Revard, Kil-so-quah, 44 Reynolds, David L., 811 Rhany, Arthur D., 770 Rice, Albert, 565
xvi
INDEX
Richards, Ervin E., 723 Richardville, Jean B., 33 Riley, James, 589 Rindchen, John A., 622
Roanoke, 101; platted, 164; early indus- tries, 165; newspapers, 166, 269; schools, 167; waterworks, 167; popu- lation, 167; factories, 249; churches, 314, et seq. Roanoke Classical Seminary, 165
Roanoke high school (view), 261
Roanoke Seminary, 264
Roanoke Silver Cornet Band, 166
Roberts, George T., 758
Roberts, Jasper C., 785
Roberts, Linzy, 568
Roberts, Ora E., 589
Roche, John, 313 Rock Creek Center, 115, 167
Rock Creek township-Arca, 111; soils, 112; settlers, 112; organization, 113; early events, 114; school districts, 114; railways, 114; industries, 115; towns, 115; population, 115; cemetery, 346 Rock House, 259
Rockwell, Horace, 166
Rogers, William E., 551
Ross, Robert P., 553
Ruble, James W., 654
Rudicel, Garl R., 633
Rudig, Charles H., 745
Ruse, Moses A., 681
St. Clair, General, 58 Salamonie river, 15, 102, 108
Salamonie township-Area, 115; soil, 115; settlers, 115; early events, 117; schools, 118; population, 118; oil wells, 119, 253; railways, 119; churches, 316; cemetery, 346
Satterthwaite, Herbert S., 540 Satterthwaite, Hiram U., 596 Sawmill, 244
Sayler Family, The, 468
Sayler, Henry B. (Portrait), 284
Sayler, Henry B., 285 Sayler, Samuel M., 471
Scene at the forks of the Wabash, the Old Treaty Ground (view), 41
Schenkel, Adam, 639
Schenkel, Joseph A., 644
Schilling, Mathias, 746 Schools, 255 Schroeder, Gottlieb W., 508
Schwartz, William, 417
Schwob, Henry W., 645 Scott, Samuel C., 789
Scott, William E., 669
Scudder, Jesse M., 421 Searles, George W., 615 Sell, John H., 752 Settlement, 68 Settlemyre, John E., 626 Settlemyre, Preston B., 713 Shafer, Jacob E., 798 Shafer, Philip H., 592 Shaffer, Abner H., 506 Sharp, Nelson, 548 Sharp, William E., 642 She-po-con-ah, 38
Sheriff's residence and jail (view), 86 Shideler, Daniel L., 632 Shinkel, Lewis, 802
Shock, Ezra F., 806 Shull, David L., 580 Shultz, Flavius E., 656 Shutt, John P., 631 Sickafoose, Thomas J., 432 Silverton, 167
Simpson, 168 Six Nations, 22
Sketches of early judges, 276
Sketches of early physicians, 300
Slack, General James R. (portrait), 189
Slater, Simeon, 568
Slocum, Frances, 38
Smelser, Charles H., 619
Smelser, Frank, 605
Smith, Aaron E., 781
Smith, Amanda G., 652
Smith, Charles, 655
Smith, Edward, 805
Smith, Ephriam F., 716
Smith, Francis M., 819
Smith, Isaac, 584
Smith, Isaac A., 648
Smith, John K., 710
Smith, Omer C., 839
Smith, William F., 464
Social and literary clubs, 353
Societies, 350
Soldiers, 181
Soldiers' Aid Society, 203
Sons of Liberty, 178
Sorosis, 354
Souers, George W., 561
Souers' horse barn, Huntington (view), 241 Souers, Lewis M., 625
Sours, Isaiah, 452
Southwood, W. H., 555
Spanish-American war, 205
Spencer, Herbert B., 737
Sprinkle, George E., 796
Stanley, John M., 579
State Bank of Andrews, 237
State Bank of Roanoke, 238 Statement of the principal erops, 392
Statistical review, 390
Stephens, Frank M., 616 Stephenson, James F., 518 Stoffel, John B., 644
Stouder, Charles J., 761
Stouder, Edward C., 778
Strauss, Frank E., 771
Strodel, Lewis C., 467
Stroup, DeWitt C., 769
Stuart, James M., 558 Stults, David C., 814
Stults, Francis I., 461
Stults, Marion B., 477 Stults, Silvanus E., 666
Sult, David D., 772 Summers, Dennis, 435
Summers, James, 733
Summers, Lewis E., 729
Summers, Omer, 743 Summers, Simon, 757
Surfus, William H., 603 Swaim, William F., 521
INDEX
xvii
Swain, Isham, 563 Swartz, George W., 641
Taylor, Adolphus, 578 Taylor, Emma T., 408 Taylor, Enos T., 407 Taylor, Jonathan L., 576 Taylor, Paul, 408 Taylor, William O., 531 Tecumseh, 62 Ten mile reserve, 376 Thirteenth Infantry, 181 Thomas, Arthur S., 818 Thompson, Clyde, 573 Thompson, Elijah P., 679 Thompson, George H., Jr., 595 Thompson, John H., 680 Thompson, William A., 534 Thorn, William, 701 Thorne, James A., 700 Threshing scene,
Warren township (view), 124 Ticer, Winifred, 511 Toledo, 115, 168
Toledo, St. Louis & Kansas City Rail- road Company, 228 Total value of taxable property, 391 Town of Huntington, 132 Towns and villages, 148 Township history, 88 Trading posts, 68 Treaty of Greenville, 59 Tribolet, Samuel F., 552 Tribolet, William J., 562 Triggs, James M., 786 Trout, Henry, 583 Troutc, James A., 725 Troute, Sarah M., 726 Tucker, Garrett O., 683 Turkey drivers, 375 Turnpikes, 212
Union Artillery, 202 Union township-Area, 119; soils, 119; settlers, 120; early events, 122; rail- ways, 122; school, 123; population, 123; cemetery, 348 Unique hitching post, 389 United Brethren, 320
Value of school property, 260 Valuc of statistics, 390 Van Alstine, Ernest E., 711 Vickery, Garl W., 529 Vickery, Martin L., 747 View on North Jefferson street, Hunt- ington (view), 356 Vincennes, 49 Vitz, Carl A., 557 Vocational education law, 260 Vollmar, Jacob, 559 Volunteer soldiers killed, 203 Vote in presidential elections, 392
Wabash & Erie canal, 77, 100, 215, 219 Wabash railroad, 224 Wabash river, 1, 7 Wabash river near ington (view), 7
waterworks, Hunt- Wabash river at Andrews (view), 150 War of 1812, 64
Warren township-Area, 123; soil, 123; settlers, 124; early events, 125; schools, 126; railways, 127; popula- tion, 127; churches, 322; cemetery, 348 Warren-Incorporated, 168; first sale of lots, 168; second boom, 169; town of- ficers for 1914, 170; waterworks, 170; churches, 170, 315; industries, 170; newspapers, 270 Warren Fair Association, 352
Warren Guards, 202 Wasmuth, Arthur D., 517 Wasmuth, Augustus, 600 Wasmuth, Edmund, 600 Water-courses, 1 Waterways, 214
Wayne, Anthony, 58, 129 Wayne street, Warren (view), 169 Wayne township-Area, 127; soil, 127; settlers, 128; early events, 129; indus- tries, 130; schools, 130; population, 130; oil wells, 253 Weber, Anthony A., 502
Weis, Michael, 511
Werling, Julius H., 438 Wesleyan Methodists, 319
West side of Jefferson street, looking north from Market, 1871 (view), 136 Wetters, Jacob, 753
Wetters, William F., 647
White Caps, 379
Whitestine, Orville G., 528
Whitling, Oliver C., 424
Wildermuth, Emanuel, 826
Wiley, Andrew, 774 Wiley, Charles D., 602
Wiley, Joseph L., 601
Wilson, James W., 808
Wismer, Henry S., 777
Wisner, Leon L., 795
Women's Civic Improvement League, 355
Woolery, Edwin E., 761
Worster, Dallas, 628 Wyne, Jolın W., 692
Yahne, Emanuel, 372 Yingling, D., 425 Young, Edward T., 587 Young, William H., 718
Zintsmaster, William O., 542 Zirkle, J. Luther, 624 Zook, John W., 842
History of Huntington County
CHAPTER I
PHYSICAL FEATURES, GEOLOGY, ETC.
HUNTINGTON COUNTY-LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES-WATER-COURSES AND DRAINAGE-ALTITUDES-GEOLOGICAL FORMATION-THE NIAGARA LIMESTONE-THE WABASH ARCH-A "GOLD MINE"-LIME KILNS AND QUARRIES-THE WABASH-ERIE TROUGH-THE GLACIAL EPOCH -HOW THE COURSE OF THE WABASH WAS DETERMINED-MORAINES- CLAY DEPOSITS-REMAINS OF PREHISTORIC ANIMALS-OIL AND GAS- FOSSILS-MINERAL SPRINGS-TIMBER.
Huntington County is situated in the northeast quarter of the State of Indiana. It is bounded on the north by Whitley County; on the east by Allen and Wells counties; on the south by Wells and Grant, and on the west the County of Wabash. Near the northern boundary it is crossed by the forty-first parallel of latitude and it is about midway between the eighty-fifth and eighty-sixth meridians of longitude. In form the county is a rectangle, sixteen miles in extent from east to west and twenty-four miles from north to south, with an area of 384 square miles, or 245,760 acres. Measured by the lines of the official survey, the northern boundary is the line separating Congressional Townships 29 and 30, and the southern boundary is the line separating Townships 24 and 25. The western tier of civil townships, four miles in width, lies in Range 8 east, and the eastern boundary of the county is the line separating Ranges 10 and 11.
The Wabash River enters the county from the east near the center and flows a northwesterly direction across the county. A short distance Vol. I-1
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2
HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON COUNTY
west of the City of Huntington it is joined by the Little River, or Little Wabash, which enters the county near the northeast corner and flows southwestwardly through Jackson, Union and Huntington town- ships. Its principal tributaries are Bull, Cow and Calf creeks, which enter it from the west, and in Union Township there is a small tributary called Mud Run. Clear Creek flows south through the township of that name and empties into the Wabash near the west line of Huntington Township. Loon Creek rises in the southern part of Rock Creek Town- ship and flows northwest, emptying into the Wabash just below the Town of Andrews. The Salamonie crosses the southern boundary about three and a half miles west of the southeast corner and flows by a sinuous course through Salamonie, Jefferson, Lancaster and Polk town- ships. Its principal tributaries are Logan, Prairie and Richland creeks. These streams, with a number of smaller ones, afford ample natural drainage to practically all parts of the county.
The general surface of Huntington County is a level plain, unmarked by any prominent hills or elevations, with an average altitude of about seven hundred and eighty feet above sea level. At Huntington the elevation above tide water is 741 feet; at Markle, in the northeast corner of Rock Creek Township, it is 814 feet, and at Warren, two miles from the southern boundary, it is 831.
In geological formation Huntington County belongs to the Upper Silurian era. In his report for 1875, State Geologist Cox says: "The only rocks exposed, in place in this county, are of the paleozoic age and belong to the Niagara epoch. * *
* The most eastern outcrop of the Niagara, in the county, is at .Markle on the Wabash River. The rock here is quarried from the bed of the river. It has a blue-gray color, irregular fracture, is in four to six-inch layers, and in this part of the county is a favorite building stone. The section exposed in the river bank at Markle is:
Drift 6 feet
Buff magnesian limestone, schistose and cherty, and
contains a few Niagara fossils. 10 feet Bluish-gray, thin-bedded limestone, in bed of Wabash
river 3 feet
19 feet
"The strata have a local dip of 20° southeast. The crop may be followed for two or three miles up and down the stream. *
* * The beds used for masonry can only be quarried during periods of low
3
HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON COUNTY
water when the current can be turned from it by inexpensive temporary dams."
Professor Cox also found outcrops of the Niagara limestone on the Salamonie River, a mile below Warren, and at other places in the vicinity, where John A. Lewis and Elisha Christman were operating lime kilns. Another outcrop was observed at the bridge over the Wabash River, one and a half miles south of Huntington, sixteen feet above the bed of the river. "This stone," says he in his report, "was used in the bridge abutments, but already shows signs of rapid decay by crumbling under the influence of water and frost. The principal part of the bed is an earthy limestone, and presents the appearance of a very good hydraulic stone."
The greatest development of the Niagara in the county found by Cox in that survey was along the banks of the Little River, both above and below the City of Huntington. Concerning the outcrops in this part of the county, he says: "The most easterly crop is on John Mc- Carty's land on Section 18, Township 28, Range 10, about three and a half miles from Huntington. From this point east it remains covered by drift and is penetrated at the depth of eighty-eight feet by the Fort Wayne well. Lime kilns have been established all along the crop, and the burning of lime constitutes one of the chief industries of the county."
In his report mention is made of thirty-one kilns then in active operation. Of these kilns eight were of the class known as perpetual and the others were occasional kilns which required to be completely discharged and cooled before refilling. A more complete account of the lime industry will be found in Chapter XII.
Beginning at Kentland, in Newton County, and passing eastward across the state, at each outcrop of the Niagara rock is found evidence of a disturbance of the strata. This line of disturbance is called by State Geologist Maurice Thompson "The Wabash Arch." He thinks the upheaval occurred near the close of the Niagara period and that the Wabash River follows pretty nearly the summit of an anticline. The evidences are seen most clearly in Newton, Carroll and the western part of Cass counties ; but, according to Thompson, "At Wabash, Lagro, Huntington, Marion and Decatur we find at every outcrop the unmis- takable signs that we are still skirting along the northern edge of the Wabash arch."
Cox noticed these evidences of an upheaval in 1875 in the dips of the Niagara rock at various exposures. Says he : "Just along the west edge of Huntington, quarries have been opened at several places, running north from the river, for flagging and building stone. * * * At the most southern opening, about one hundred yards from the river, the dip
4
HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON COUNTY
appears to be 8° in the direction of 40° east of south. The chert is in large detached masses and mixed with buff magnesian limestone. North, seventy yards, at another quarry, the buff magnesian limestone is free from chert, but is schistose and false bedded, with an apparent dip of 20° at the south part of the quarry, but going back some ten yards the apparent dip is 37° S. 40° E. Half a mile down the stream the rocks at the river edge dip about 80° S. 70° E. * * * At dam No. 1 across the Wabash River, two miles below Huntington, the Niagara rock ap- pears along the left bank of the stream and served for one of the abutments of the dam. The beds are thin and cherty and much weath- ered on exposed ledges. The rock forms the bed of the river and pre- sents a vertical face ten and a half feet in height on the left shore, while in the bottom on the opposite side of the river it is entirely replaced by the drift. A few feet below the dam there is a slight anticlinal axis, the dip being 4° S. E. on one side of the crown and 4º N. W. on the other."
Concerning the dips and angles noticed at various places along the Wabash, Cox says: "The great disorder of the strata, mainly due to false bedding or peculiar arrangement of the material constituting the present rocks, has led many to infer that this irregularity was due to earthquake or volcanic action. This is the more deceptive since the ap- parent elevations have their surfaces capped with enduring beds of chert or impure flint, and along the local waves in the strata stand in elevated knobs which fancy has construed into volcanic cones. Hunting ton is located on one of these flint ridges and the locality was known to the Indians by the name of 'We-pe-cha-an-gan-ge' or flint place. The flint of this locality was of great value to the Indians as the material of which they fashioned their arrow points, spear points and knives."
With the exception of small particles of iron ore at a few places, the Niagara limestone in Indiana is without metals of any kind. About the close of the Civil war there was considerable excitement over the dis- covery of a metal resembling gold at the Drover quarry, in Huntington County. A Mr. Backus took samples of the ore to New York. where some one examined them and reported the value of the precious metal to be $158 to the ton. A company was then organized and about $10,000 worth of stock sold. With the money paid for the stock, machinery for a stamp mill was purchased. The investment was an unfortunate one for the company, as the rock upon actual test proved to be absolutely barren of any metals of value. When Professor Cox visited the county in 1875 the place where Mr. Backus obtained his specimens was pointed out to him, and upon investigation he found the "gold" to be nothing more than "iron pyrites partly decomposed on the surface and filling
5
HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON COUNTY
isolated cavities in the cherty, magnesian limestone." All the stock- holders realized from their investment was what they received for their machinery, which was sold for a fraction of its original cost. This ended the search for precious metals in Huntington County.
If the failure to find gold was a disappointment, wealth in another form has been found in the magnesian limestones of the Niagara forma- tion in Huntington County. The lime made from this stone is what is known as "cool" or slow setting, and is constantly being shipped to a wider territory as it gains in favor. In the manufacture of paper it has been found superior to the lime made from pure calcium carbonate, and for that reason it is used by a number of paper mills and strawboard factories throughout the Middle West.
What is called by geologists the "Wabash-Erie trough" enters the county near the northeast corner, curves southward along the western face of the Wabash ridge to the south line of Jackson Township, where it turns westward. A short distance above the City of Huntington it expands to a width of about two miles, but narrows again after passing the city and enters the Wabash Valley about two miles below. This trough, or depression, is altogether about thirty miles in length, and about two- thirds of it is marshy prairie, through which flows the Little Wabash, or Little River. A large part of the marsh consists of peat beds some four feet in thickness, underlaid with blue clay, and below this is the bottom of the Niagara limestone. Geologists believe that this trough was once the outlet of Lake Maumee and the St. Joseph and St. Mary's rivers. Says Thompson, in his report for 1888 "The water in this channel may have had originally a depth of seventy feet, and the river which the post-glacial man may have seen there was comparable with the Niagara itself."
Probably no phenomena have proven more perplexing to students of geology than those which occurred during what is called the glacial epoch, and which brought about the destruction of vast beds of rock and the distribution of their fragmentary remains over a wide expanse of territory far from their original localities. For illustration: The large bowlders found in all parts of Indiana, commonly called "nigger- heads," are of a granitoid character, belonging to beds that are nowhere represented in the state, and must have come from some place probably far distant. Various theories have been advanced to account for these conditions, but the one most generally accepted by scientists is that known as the glacial theory.
The Glacial epoch corresponds to the Pleistocene period of geologic time, sometimes called the "Ice Age," and comprises the earliest portion of the Quarternary period. During the latter part of the Tertiary
6
HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON COUNTY
period, preceding, there was a gradual lowering of temperature through- out what is now termed the north temperate zone, until the entire surface of the earth was covered with large bodies of ice called glaciers. These glaciers were formed by periodical or intermittent snows, between which that which had already fallen became so compressed by its own weight that the entire mass was in time converted into one solid body of ice.
Pressure upon the yielding mass of snow, before it was completely congealed, imparted motion to the glacier, which carried with it rocks, soil and other mineral substances. As it moved forward the grinding and equalizing work of the glacier ultimately wrought great changes in the topography and meterological conditions of the region over which it passed, and, in fact, of the entire north temperate zone. Not only were mountain peaks in the path of the glacier worn away and the general leveling of the earth's surface brought about, but also vast quantities of earth and sand were carried forward by the streams of water formed by the melting ice and deposited in the ocean. By this means the shores of the continent were pushed forward during a period of several cen- turies and the superficial area of the land was materially increased.
As a general rule the course traveled by the North American glaciers was toward the south. One of them extended over Canada and the northern part of the United States, reaching from the Atlantic seaboard to the Rocky Mountains and covering the entire basin of the Great Lakes. When the ice melted, the rocks and other debris carried along by the glacier were left to form what is known as the glacial drift-also called till, bowlder clay and older diluvium. As the glacier moved slowly along-probably not more than one foot per day-the bowlders and other hard minerals at the bottom, pressed constantly downward by the gigantic mass above, left marks or scratches upon the bed rock. From these marks or striæ the geologist has been able to determine the course of the glacier with reasonable accuracy by noting the direction of the striæ. After examination of these striæ by different state geologists at various places they have reached the conclusion that the glaciers came into Indiana from a direction almost north and south. Thompson, in his report for 1888, says the striæ at Huntington indicate that the glacier there was moving in a course a little west of south.
The accumulation of earth and stone carried by the glacier was sometimes heaped up along the margin, where it formed a ridge or deposit called a lateral moraine. When two glaciers came together, as sometimes happened, the ridge formed at the point of conjunction is called a medial moraine, and is easily distinguished by the geologist. The nearly level deposit under the body of the glacier is known as the ground moraine and the ridge formed at the farthest point reached by
7
HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON COUNTY
the glacier is the terminal moraine. The Valley of the Ohio River was the terminus of the glacier that once covered Huntington County, and the channel of that stream owes its origin to the melting of the ice and the flow of water which always underlies the bed of a glacier. As the melting process went on, the terminal margin withdrew to the north- ward, and wherever there remained undestroyed rock barriers they formed natural dams that gave direction to the waters of the terminal moraine. In this way the course of the Wabash River was determined, or at least modified, centuries before the first white man set foot upon the Western Hemisphere. To quote from Thompson's report for 1888 :
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