USA > Indiana > Marion County > Indianapolis > History of Indianapolis and Marion County, Indiana > Part 77
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Per
Cent.
In Fort Wayne, Ind.
83
In Logansport, Ind
45
In Terre Haute, Ind ..
17
In Vincennes, Ind
51
In Madison, Ind.
57
In Detroit, Mich
47
In Chicago, IlI
39
In St. Louis, Mo.
34
In Buffalo, N. Y
40
In Cincinnati, Ohio.
51
In Cleveland, Ohio
46
EXPENDITURES.
Expended 1881-82.
Expended 1882-83.
Estimates 1883-84.
Tuition
$148,648.17
$159,876.00
$160,000.00
Janitors ..
8,938.60
9,192.00
9,500.00
Officers' salaries
2,841.77
3,053.60
3,100.00
Fuel.
6,351.68
6,561.10
6,500.00
Gas ...
100.60
91.60
100.00
Water ..
256.00
256.00
300.00
Furniture.
1,478.12
4,969.94
1,500.00
Repairs and expenses ..
6,736.81
5,916.08
6,000.00
General expense.
1,538.72
1,092.33
1,500.00
Library expense ...
3,879.14
4.040.52
4,000.00
General repairs ...
671.18
530.17
500.00
Improvements
990.80
648.26
1,000.00
New buildings
20,442.11
23,580.09
154.35
400.00
Insurance
805.75
1,116.17
1,000.00
Printing.
814.04
679.63
1,000.00
Advertising
82.20
22,20
100.00
Interest.
8,881.33
10,784.41
9,000.00
Supplies.
3,952.87
4,097.88
4,500.00
Enumeration
621.10
588.88
600.00
Library fund.
11,305.32
9,342.14
12,500.00
$231,328.97
$248,596.66
$225,000.00
The Gregg Fund .- This is the bequest of Thomas D. Gregg, one of the early teachers of the city, who died in Virginia some years ago. The condition of the gift was that the value of the lands of which it consisted should be safely invested and the income applied to the city schools. The last report of the trustec of the fund, Mr. Merritt, shows that the amount of it is ten thousand two hundred and one dollars and eleven cents, and the income fund is one thousand seven hundred and forty-three dollars and thirty-three cents.
Normal School .- In 1867 a normal school depart- ment was formed, and placed in charge of Miss Fu- nelle, in which the chief purpose was the education and training of the pupils of our own schools for teachers in them. The present superintendent of this department, Mr. Lewis H. Jones, says that fifty-seven per cent. of the teachers now in the city schools have graduated from it since 1867. He says that according to present regulations applicants must be at least eighteen years of age, and of good moral character and good health, with an education equivalent to that given by the high school, but that graduates of that school may be subjected to competitive examination by the principal of the normal school. There are now two departments in it,-a theory department, in which instruction, in methods of teaching and in school management is given ; and a practice depart- ment, in which the pupil-teachers, under the care of a competent critic, put into practice the theories of school work learned in the other. Each pupil-teacher is required to remain in each department twenty weeks, filling the place of a regular teacher during her stay in the practice-school, without pay, her in- struction paying for her services. The following is an outline of the course of study :
Psychology, one recitation per day for. .20 weeks. Arithmetic and methods in primary number, 10 weeks
each 20 weeks.
Rhetorio, practical composition, and language. .20 weeks.
Botany (elementary), S; school economy, 12. 20 weeks. Geography, 12; lessons on place, 4; object lessons, 4 .. 20 weeks. Methods In primary reading and spelling, 10; form, .
6; moral instruotion, 4 .. .. .. 20 weeks. Music, drawing, and penmanship, one lesson per week.
Within the three years sixty-four persons have received its diploma.
Office expense ...
1,992.66
2,003.31
1,900.00
Library building ..
White. [Colored.
"
434
HISTORY OF INDIANAPOLIS AND MARION COUNTY.
PRESENT COMMISSIONERS.
Dist. Term expires.
I., J. P. Frenzel, Merchants' National Bank 1885 II., Charles W. Smith, 76 East Washington Street 1885 III., H. G. Carey, corner North and Illinois Streets 1886 IV., George Merritt, 411 West Washington Street 1886 V., J. J. Bingham, 148 West Maryland Street. 1884
VI., Austin II. Brown, 290 South Meridian Street 1884 VII., E. P. Thompson, Post-Office. 1886
VIII., I. W. Stratferd, 187 Buchanan Street. 1886
IX., Clemens Vonnegut, 184 East Washington Street ... 1884 X., William A. Bell, No. 12 Journal Building. 1885
XI., Robert Browning, 7 and 9 E. Washington Street ... 1885
Officers of the Board .- President, Austin H. Brown; Secretary, Charles W. Smith; Treasurer, H. G. Carey ; Superintendent of Schools, H. S. Tar- bell; Assistant Superintendent, J. J. Mills; Superin- tendent of Primary Institution, Nebraska .Cropsey. Special Teachers : Jesse H. Brown, drawing ; Charles E. Emmerich, German. Librarian, William DeM. Hooper; Assistant Secretary, Emma B. Ridenour ; Building and Supply Agent, H. C. Hendrickson ; Clerk, Therese E. Jones.
Trustees .- From 1853 to 1861, as before stated, the board of trustees was elected by the Common Council. From 1861 to 1864 the board was elected by the people, one from each ward; and from 1865 to 1871 the trustees were again appointed by the Couneil. In June, 1871, a board of school commis- sioners, one from each school district, was elected by the people.
1853 .- Henry P. Coburn, Calvin Fletcher, H. F. West. Schoel Director, the city clerk.
1854 .- H. P. Coburn, Calvin Flotcher, John B. Dillon, William Sheets, Director, the city clerk.
1855 .- Calvin Fletcher, David Beaty, James M. Ray. School Superintendent, Silas T. Bowen.
1856 .- Calvin Fletcher, David Beaty, D. V. Culley. Superin- tendent, George B. Stone.
1857 .- D. V. Culley, N. B. Taylor, John Love. Superintendent, George B. Stone.
1858-59 .- D. V. Culley, John Love, David Beaty. Director, James Greene.
1860 .- Caleb B. Smith, Lawrence M. Vance, Cyrus C. Hines. Director, James Greene.
1861-62 .- Oscar Kendrick, D. V. Culley, James Greene, Thomas B. Elliott, James Sulgrove, Lewis W. Hasselman, Richard O'Neal. Director, George W. Hoss.
1863-64 .- James H. Beall, D. V. Culley, I. H. Roll, Thomas B. Elliott, Lucien Barhour, James Sulgrove, Alexander Metz- ger, Charles Coulon, Andrew May, Herman Lieber. Super- intendent, A. C. Shortridge.
1865-68 .- Thomas B. Elliott, William H. L. Noble, Clemens Vonnegut. Superintendent, A. C. Shortridge.
1869-70 .- William H. L. Noble, James C. Yohn, John R. Elder. Superintendent, A. C. Shortridge.
Commissioners .- The board of school commis- sioners of this city was organized in July, 1871, and since then the following gentlemen have served on the board : John R. Elder, James C. Yohn, H. G. Carey, Thomas B. Elliott, J. J. Bingham, Austin H. Brown, William F. Reasner, Peter Routier, Clemens Vonnegut, Thomas R. Norris, A. L. Roache, Moses R. Barnard, John M. Youart, C. C. Hines, E. R. Moody, George Merritt, Charles W. Smith, John Coburn, Robert Browning, I. W. Stratford, Edward P. Thompson, and John P. Frenzel.
City Library .- This is by far the largest, most complete, and best-managed library in the State. It is a part of the city school system, under the direction of the board of school commissioners, and supported by a tax levied with the city school tax. The his- tory of this institution deserves more than a cursory notice. On the 24th of May, 1872, a committee on the Public Library was appointed, in connection with the high school and night schools, consisting of Dr. Harvey G. Carey, Dr. Thomas B. Elliott, Austin H. Brown, and Judge Addison L. Roache, and the same members were continued for the following year. On the 5th of July, 1872, the committee employed W. F. Poole, of the Cincinnati Public Library, to prepare a catalogue of at least eight thousand volumes. On the 6th of September the school board appointed an advisory committee of citizens on the library, con- sisting of Mr. John D. Howland, Rev. Hanford A. Edson, and Judge Elijah B. Martindale, whose duty was to " attend the stated meetings of the committee for consultation in regard to all matters affecting the interests of the library."
On the 20th of September, 1872, the selection having been made by W. F. Poole, Esq., who was then librarian of the Cincinnati Publie Library, the contract for supplying the books, bids having been invited for that purpose, was let to Messrs. Merrill & Field, of this eity. On Nov. 15, 1872, Charles Evans, Esq., who had been thoroughly trained for its duties, was appointed librarian, at a salary of twelve
435
SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES OF INDIANAPOLIS.
hundred dollars per annum. To his many admirable qualifications for the position, his zeal in the work, and his indefatigable labors while librarian, is the success of the library in a large measure due.
At this time there was in existence the Indianapo- lis Library Association, a stock company, having a catalogue of near four thousand well-selected books. With great liberality this association, on Dec. 20, 1872, offered to transfer its library to the board upon the condition that the Indianapolis Public Library should ever be free to the citizens of the city. This gencrous gift was the corner-stone of our free Public Library.
Ou March 21, 1873, rules for the government of the Public Library were adopted by the board. On the 4th of April, 1873, the terms of transfer of the Indianapolis Library Association to the city were ac- cepted by the board, and at the same time it made the following acknowledgment of the donation : "The board, in behalf of the citizens of Indianapolis, desires to return its thanks for this timely and munificent benefaction. Without it the frec library could not have been opened at this time, nor would it at an early day have adequately supplied the immediate wants of the people."
The first catalogue of the library was ordered to be published July 5, 1873. On July 18, 1873, the board added to its standing committees one on Pub- lic Library, and the following members were ap- pointed :
H. G. Carey, A. H. Brown, W. A. Bell, and J. M. Ridenour. Advisory Committee, J. D. Howland, H. A. Edson, Simou Yandes, and C. C. Hines.
The following persons have composed that commit- tec since that time: 1874-75, A. H. Brown, W. A. Bell, J. J. Bingham, J. M. Youart. Advisory Com- mittee, H. G. Carey, J. D. Howland, H. A. Edson, Simon Yandes, and C. C. Hines.
1875-76, same as last year, with the exception of Simon Yandes, on the Advisory Committee, who re- signed.
1876-77, C. C. Hines, J. J. Bingham, A. P. Stan- ton, and Clemens Vonnegut. Advisory Committee, J. D. Howland, H. A. Edson, H. G. Carey, W. P. Fishback. Mr. Stanton resigned on September 15th,
and Robert Browning, Esq., was appointed in his place.
1877-78, C. C. Hines, J. J. Bingham, H. G. Carey, and Robert Browning. Advisory Committee, J. D. Howland, H. A. Edson, W. P. Fishback, and A. C. Harris.
1878-79, C. C. Hines, J. J. Bingham, Robert Browning, and H. G. Carey. Advisory Committee, Rev. O. C. McCulloch, Rev. Myron W. Reed, O. B. Hord, and Rev. C. H. Raymond.
1879-80, N. A. Hyde, J. J. Bingham, Robert Browning, and H. G. Carey. Advisory Committee, Rev. O. C. McCulloch, C. C. Hines, Mrs. Martha N. Mckay, and Mrs. India Harris.
1880-81, same as last year. 1881-83, same.
The Public Library and Reading-Room were opened in the high school building, where they remained until January, 1875, when they were removed, with the offices of the board, to the Sentinel building, corner Meridian and Cirele Streets, a more central location and additional room. The rapid growth of the library at the end of the five years' lease required more commodious quarters, with diminished fire risks. The board not having the means to ereet a building for the purpose, conditionally purchased from E. S. Alvord, Esq., the property on the corner of Pennsyl- vania and Ohio Streets, very near if not quite the centre of the population of the city, paying annually five per cent. interest on ten-year bonds for sixty thousand dollars, dated Jan. 1, 1881, with the privi- lege of reconveying the property at the end of that time. By agreement, the improvements and additions to the property having been completed, the library, reading, and reference rooms, and the offices of the board, were removed to their present home in Sep- tember, 1880.
Mr. Charles Evans continued librarian until July, 1878, when Mr. Albert B. Yohn succeeded him, but on account of ill health he resigned at the end of the school year. During his brief term Mr. Yohn did much to popularize the library, especially by inereas- ing the usefulness of the reference department. In August, 1879, Mr. Arthur W. Tyler, who had been connected with the Astor Library, New York City, and the Johns Hopkins Library of Baltimore, was
436
HISTORY OF INDIANAPOLIS AND MARION COUNTY.
elected librarian. He resigned on the 30th of June, 1883, and Mr. W. DeM. Hooper was elected. He has proved very efficient and popular.
The Indianapolis Public Library was opened to the public April 8, 1873, with appropriate ceremonies. At a meeting of citizens, held in the high school hall on the evening of that day, addresses were made by the Hon. Thomas A. Hendricks, Rev. H. A. Edson, and Rev. Mr. Kumler, who forcibly and eloquently presented the advantages of a public library as au educational institution, and, being free to every citizen, making it a library for all who availed themselves of its privileges as a means of intellectual culture or en- joyneut. The following historical sketch of the library was given by Judge Roache at the opening :
" The public library is a part of the common school system of Indianapolis. After a trial of the general common school system in force in the State, it becomes evident that, while admirable in the main, it did not fully suit the wants of the larger class. A number of our citizens who felt an interest in the subject, held several meetings with the view of considering whether some plan could not be suggested which, while constituting a part of the general system, should be flexible enough to be adapted to the various needs and capacities of the larger cities of the State. One of the defects of the general law, when it came to be applied to cities, was the absence of any sufficient authority for the creation and maintenance of such a library as it was felt we ought to have. No system of education can be complete without such a collection of books as is beyond the ability of private individ- uals. Other cities are rapidly providing their people with such institutions, and regard them not only a most beneficial and material part of the system, but as the crown of the whole. The problem was to supply this defect.
" The idea was suggested of embodying in the statute then being prepared for organizing the city schools a provision authorizing the board of school commis- sioners to levy an annual tax, so small that no one would feel it, the procceds of which should be devoted exclusively to the providing and maintaining of a public library, free forever to all the inhabitants of the city. The law under which our present city
schools are organized was accordingly drafted, and on the 3d of March, 1871, passed by the Legislature, one of its sections authorizing the board to levy a tax, for the purpose of creating a library, of one-fifth of one mill, equal to two cents on the hundred dollars of assessed valuation. This section was the origin of the Indianapolis Public Library.
" The board levied the tax and immediately ad- dressed themselves to the task of selecting the books and perfecting a proper system of management, and they soon found they had more of a task on their hands than any of them had expected. Sensible of the importance of starting out on correct principles, and of their own want of the technical knowledge and experience in management necessary to its successful working, they sought to avail themselves of the ex- perience of men who were already familiar with the organization and working of such institutions in other cities. A committee was accordingly appointed by the board, consisting of Dr. H. G. Carey, Dr. T. B. Elliott, and Austin H. Brown, Esq., who visited the cities of St. Louis and Cincinnati, which had in operation most successful free public libraries, the former of thirty thousand and the latter of forty thousand volumes.
" These gentlemen spent considerable time in study- ing the systems of those libraries, and were afforded every facility for so doing by all the officers, who cheerfully imparted to them the fullest information as to the plans and details of management. Mr. Wil- liam F. Poole, the efficient and accomplished manager of the free library of Cincinnati, took a very deep in- terest in the enterprise, and rendered most valuable assistance, visiting this city on several occasions for the purpose of advising and consulting as to the selection of books and the organization of the library.
" Upon the report of the committee a plan suggested by them was adopted, and the work of selecting and purchasing books was procceded with as rapidly as was consistent with a due regard to economy and to the proper care and discrimination in making the selections. It was found that certain classes of books could be purchased much cheaper in Europe than at home, and whenever that was the case they were
.
SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES OF INDIANAPOLIS.
437
bought abroad. It occasioned some delay, but that was amply compensated by the saving of our very limited means.
" Some years since a number of our public-spirited eitizens, impressed with the great need that existed in se rapidly a growing eity for a public library, or- ganized a society for the purpose of providing one by public donations, and with a design of making it free to the public en sueh moderate terms as would barely provide for its maintenance. At a very considerable cost to themselves, a collection of near four thousand volumes of admirably selected books was made, and was rapidly becoming efficient and useful. When the Public Library of Indianapolis was organized, these gentlemen, perceiving that it would, if properly sus- tained by the people, accomplish the purpese they had mainly in view, and with much ampler means than they could command, conceived the generous idea of abandoning their organization and donating their handsome collection to the public library. The generous purpose was as generously carried out, and the entire body of the stockholders of the Indianap- olis Library Association have united in transferring their admirable collection of books to the publie.
" On the completion of the denation, the committee was enlarged by the addition of A. L. Roache, from the school board, and the appointment of Hen. John D. Howland, Rev. H. A. Edson, and Hon. E. B. Martindale, the last three as advisory members, se- leeted because of their former connection with the Indianapolis Library Association, and because of their great interest in the subject. The books embraced in this denation number three thousand seven hun- dred and forty volumes, the number purchased by the board six thousand twe hundred and eighty, making in all ten thousand and twenty volumes now on our shelves, and there are still outstanding orders for two thousand five hundred more, making a total of twelve thousand five hundred and twenty volumes."
Officers of Library .- Librarian, William DeM. Hooper, 258 North Delaware Strect. Assistant Li- brarians, Mrs. I. McElhennen, 32 Winslow Bleck ; Miss Alice B, Wick, 264 North Tennessee Street ; Miss Mary E. Lloyd, cerner New Jersey and Sev- enth Streets ; Miss Mary E. Keatinge, 331 North
Alabama Street ; Miss Emily S. Bingham, 148 West Maryland Street; Miss Lyde G. Browning, 300 South Meridian Street ; Mrs. E. L. S. Harrison, 191 Christian Avenue; Miss I. C. Schonaeker, 220 .North New Jersey Street. Night Attendants, Miles Clif- ford, 384 North West Street ; Lindsay M. Brown, 4 Mayhew Block ; Paul B. Hay, 14 Talbott Block ; Charles W. Moores, 232 North Alabama Street.
Accession catalogue, June 30, 1881, 35,198 vol- umes, 3252 pamphlets; June 30, 1883, 38,689 volumes, 3417 pamplilets. Gain from June 30, 1881, to June 30, 1883, 3491 volumes, 165 pam- phlets.
Of these, 2902 volumes have been acquired by purchase, and 589 volumes and 165 pamphlets by gift. This does not represent, however, the number of volumes actually upon the shelves, many of the Tauchnitz edition of the English authors being bound two volumes in one; many volumes having been worn out and condemned er lest, which have not been replaced. By actual count, the volumes upon the shelves amount to 35,025. The losses through failure to get the books back from bor- rewers, or to collect the cost of them, have been very small, amounting during the past two years to only five. Many books reported lost or missing will undoubtedly come to light when an examination of the shelves is made.
The registration of borrewers continues in about the same ratio, 22,815 cards having been issued to date,-1268 and 1211 having been issued during the years ending June 30, 1882, and June 30, 1883, re- spectively. It is to be regretted that some means cannot be devised to prevent the frequent forgeries and frauds which are to be met with in the filling of certificates of guarantee. Exercise what diligence we may, such cases will still oeeur, and occasionally it is necessary to call in a card for investigation upon the certificate en which it was issued. It is impos- sible to state how many of these cards are in actual use at present, since it is very seldem that a person leaving the city, or discontinuing the use of a card, will take the trouble to surrender it.
The experience of this library has been similar to that of almost every other free library in the
438
HISTORY OF INDIANAPOLIS AND MARION COUNTY.
country, in a decrease of circulation during the busy and prosperous times of the past two or three years. Our circulation steadily decreased until it fell to 188,- 239 during the year 1881-82. The year 1882-83 just closed, however, shows a gain of 7138, having reached by June 30th, 195,377. From present indi- cations the current year will show a larger increase in circulation. The following shows the circulation for 1881-82 and 1882-83 :
Home Use.
Hall Use.
Schools.
Total.
1881-82 .... .. 120,840
47,800
19,599
188,239
1882-83 ...... 125,375
46,607
23,395
195,377
Gain, 4,535 Loss, 1,193
Gain, 3,342 Gain, 7,138
Considering the population of the city, the age of the library, and its size, this is a very flattering ex- hibit.
While the circulation for home reading shows a considerable incrcase, and the number of visitors to the reading-room increased seven thousand eight hun- dred and fifty-three, the number of pieces used has decreased four thousand nine hundred and twenty-one during the past year. It is undoubtedly true that there has been comparatively no idleness in the com- munity ; and this, coupled with the fact that the cir- culation otherwise increased largely, may be accepted
as evidence of the growing popularity and uscfulness of the library.
It will be seen by adding the circulation of books, reading-room, and schools that the total number of pieces handled amounts to nearly a quarter of a mil- lion yearly :
1881-82, number of pieces read 245,428
1882-83 "
.248,838
The following exhibit, made up from the circula- tion for home use, shows the percentage of the classes of reading for the two years :
1881-82.
1882-83.
CLASSIFICATION.
Volumee Used.
Per Cent.
Volumes Used.
Per Cent.
1 .. Prose fiction
71,482
59.4
69,606
58.6
2 ..
Juvenile literature ...
20,050
16.5
19,100
16.1
3 ..
Arte and sciences
4,850
4.0
5,331
4.5
4 ..
History, biography, and travel.
9,620
7.9
12,356
10.4
5 ..
Poetry and drama ...
2,428
2.0
2,366
2.0
6 ..
Theology, social science, phil-
osophy, education ..
3,148
2.6
2,921
2.5
7 ..
Miscellaneous (literature, es- says, etc.)
6,544
5.4
4,279
3.6
8 ..
German and French.
2,718
2.2
2,714
2.3
120,840
100.0
118,673
100.0
The following exhibit shows statistics of reading- room and school reference libraries :
1881-1882.
1882-1883.
MONTH.
Visitors.
Periodicals Used.
Books Used.
Total Pieces.
Schools.
Visitors.
Periodicals Used.
Books Used.
Total Pieces.
Schools.
July
1,952
2,931
1,615
4,546
3,226
4,223
2,217
6,440
August ..
2,891
3,635
2,518
6,153
3,130
4,293
2,243
6,536
...
September
3,387
4,501
2,594
7,695
1,134
3,192
4,556
2,617
7,173
893
October.
3,927
5,316
4,399
9,715
2,529
4,212
4,866
3,843
8,709
2,466
November
3,996
4,862
4,732
9,594
2,076
4,211
5,442
4,167
9,609
1,729
December
4,429
4,907
5,327
10,234
2,573
5,331
5,387
4,760
10,147
January ..
4,691
5,709
4,632
10,341
1,413
5,231
6,521
4,323
10,844
2,378
February.
4,273
4,994
5,493
10,497
2,625
5,297
5,812
5,831
11,643
2,974
Mareh
4,189
5,171
5,261
10,432
2,549
5,835
6,671
5,798
12,469
2,957
April.
3,727
5,268
4,489
9,757
2,363
4,506
5,392
4,531
9,923
2,924
May ..
3,758
5,388
4,290
9,678
1,782
4,349
4,870
3,392
8,042
3,172
June ..
3,228
4,507
2,450
6,957
555
3,601
4,906
2,785
7,691
519
Total
44,358
57,189
47,800
104,989
19,599
52,211
53,461
46,607
100,068
23,395
REPAIRS.
No. of Volumes Repaired.
YEAR.
No. Volamee Bound at Library.
No. Vols. Cov- ered with Paper at Library.
At Bindery.
At Library.
1881-82 ... 1882-83 ...
788
403 394
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