USA > Indiana > Allen County > Fort Wayne > Industrial survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana > Part 6
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MOTOR TRUCKING SERVICE
Motor trucking for the transportation of package and bulk freight operates out of Fort Wayne on regular schedules for the following points:
Bluffton. Ind.
Sims, Ind.
Santa Fe. Ind.
Angola. Ind.
Ossian, Ind.
Decatur. Ind.
Ray. Ind.
Paige. Ind.
Poneto. Ind.
Monroe. Ind.
Berlin. Ind.
Bericks Store. Ind.
Montpelier, Ind.
Preble. Ind.
Linderhook. Ind.
Camdon. Mich.
Hartford City. Ind.
Craigville. Ind.
E Gillette. Mich.
Syracuse. Ind.
Berne. Ind.
Honduras. Ind.
Nappanee. Ind.
Cromwell. Ind
Geneva. Ind.
North Manchester. Ind.
Wawasee Lake. Ind.
Avilla, Ind.
Bryant. Ind.
Servia. Ind.
LaOtto. Ind
I aGrange. Ind
Portland. Ind.
Laketown. Ind.
Kendallville. Ind.
Sturgis. Mich.
South Whitley. Ind.
Liberty Mills. Ind
Howe. Ind
Rome City. Ind
Colemer. Ind.
Churubusco. Ind
Wolcottville. Ind
Huntington. Ind
Sidney. Ind.
Merriam. Ind.
Marion. Ind
Kokomo. Ind
Bakertown. Ind.
Wolf Fake. Ind
Muncie. Ind
Wabash. Ind
Claypool. Ind.
Kimmel. Ind
Anderson. Ind
Upland. Ind
Silver Lake. Ind
Ligonier. Ind.
Alexandria. Ind
Hicksville. Ohio
Warsaw. Ind
Benton. Ind
Indianapolis. Ind
Farmer. Ohio
Atwood. Ind.
Goshen. Ind.
Sherwood Ohio
Vev Ohio
Etna Green. Ind.
lilkhart. Ind
Williams. Ohio
Montpelier Ohio
Bourbon. Ind.
Osceola. Ind.
Bryan. Ohio
Edgerton Ohio
Inwood, Ind.
Mishawaka. Ind.
I don. Ohio
Archbold Ohio
Plymouth. Ind.
Grovertown. Ind
Stryker. Ohio Wauseon. Ohio
Holland. Ohio
Bass Lake. Ind.
Hamlet. Ind Knox. Ind
Swanton. Ohio
New Paris. Ind
Burr Oak. Ind.
Culver. Ind
Toledo, Ohio
Roanoke Ind
Fairmount. Ind
Milford. Ind
I'remont. Ind
Swayzee. Ind
Summitville. Ind.
Converse. Ind
Peru. Ind
Wheeling Ind
Amboy. Ind.
Sycamore. Ind
Cas ( ity. Ind
Stockport Ind
Matthews. Ind.
Jonesboro. Ind.
I alcontaine. Ind
Michaelsville. Ind
Pane fitta for
Delta Ohio
Donaldson. Ind
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
LABOR STATISTICS EMPLOYMENT
Fort Wayne has 324 industries employing approximately 35,824 people. There is a total of 59,720 engaged in all occupations in this city. The wide diversification of industries and the balance maintained between male and female labor, together with the steady industrial growth of the city, has always attracted a plentiful supply of labor to this community. A labor shortage is practically unknown due to the large territory surrounding Fort Wayne from whence labor can be drawn.
TYPES OF LABOR
Fort Wayne enjoys the distinction of having a large majority of its population Native White American citizens. This means a high quality of intelligence among the working classes in both skilled and unskilled occupations. This gives this city great advantages over cities of its size as well as the large industrial centers where a great percentage of labor is drawn from immigrants or negroes.
Fort Wayne has been free from industrial troubles and strikes for many years.
LABOR STABILITY
The stability of Fort Wayne labor is due to two primary causes:
First, the fact that 69.3'; of Fort Wayne citizens own and occupy their own homes. This reduces labor turnover in a very large degree due to the fact that citizen- ship is knit to the community by a bond much stronger and more lasting than those whose entire tie-in with their city is represented by a 30 day lease.
Second. the fact that labor troubles are practically unknown is due to both this matter of home ownership plus the intelligence of the large number of skilled workers here employed, their steady employment, good wages, recreational facilities and other advantages. The relationship between employer and employee in Fort Wayne cannot be excelled by any city in the United States.
COMPOSITION OF POPULATION
According to the Federal census of 1920. the composition of Fort Wayne's popu- lation is as follows: See following Supplement
Native American White 90.6% 78.439
Foreign Born White 7.7
6.656
Negro
1.7
1.454
Illiterate Foreign Born 2.3
All of these figures have been considerably increased since the 1920 census with Fort Wayne's population of 86.549 as against the present population of 129.275.
STATE LABOR REGULATIONS
Labor laws in the State of Indiana. relating to the employment of women and children are as follows:
Every child between the ages of seven and sixteen years. unless other provision is made, shall attend public school, or other school taught in the English language which is open to the inspection of local and state attendance and school officers.
Any child over fourteen and under sixteen years of age who has completed the work of the first eight grades of the public school or its equivalent may be permitted
Page fifty-si.c 1920 Supplement
Estimated Division of Nationalities-1929
Native White American born Indians, Japanese and Chinese Negro Foreign born White
117,142 or 90.6% 32 or .025 4,007 or 3.1 8,094 or 6.29
Total 129.275
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
LABOR STATISTICS
EMPLOYMENT
Fort Wayne has 297 industries employing approximately 24.824 people. There is a total of 53,084 people engaged in all occupations in this city. The wide diversification of industries and the balance maintained between male and female labor. together with the steady industrial growth of the city, has always attracted a plentiful supply of labor to this community. A labor shortage is practically unknown due to the large territory surrounding Fort Wayne from whence labor can be drawn.
TYPES OF LABOR
Fort Wayne enjoys the distinction of having a large majority of its population Native White American citizens. This means a high quality of intelligence among the working classes in both skilled and unskilled occupations. This gives this city great advantages over cities of its size as well as the large industrial centers where a great percentage of labor is drawn from immigrants or negroes.
Fort Wayne has been free from industrial troubles and strikes for many years.
LABOR STABILITY
The stability of Fort Wayne labor is due to two primary causes:
First, the fact that 71.3 per cent of Fort Wayne citizens own and occupy their own homes. This reduces labor turnover in a very large degree due to the fact that citizenship is knit to the community by a bond much stronger and more lasting than those whose entire tie-in with their city is represented by a 30 day lease.
Second. the fact that labor troubles are practically unknown is due to both this matter of home ownership plus the intelligence of the large number of skilled workers here employed. their steady employment, good wages, recreational facilities and other advantages. The relationship between employer and employee in Fort Wayne cannot be excelled by any city in the United States.
COMPOSITION OF POPULATION
According to the Federal census of 1920. the composition of Fort Wayne's popu lation is as follows:
Native American White 90.6', 78.439
Foreign Born White 7.7 6.656
Negro
1.7
1.454
Illiterate Foreign Born 2.3
All of these figures have been considerably increased since the 1920 census with Fort Wayne's population of 86,549 as against the present population of 115.398.
STATE LABOR REGULATIONS
Labor laws in the State of Indiana. relating to the employment of women and children, are as follows:
Every child between the ages of seven and sixteen years. unless other provision is made, shall attend public school. or other school taught in the English language which is open to the inspection of local and state attendance and school officers.
Any child over fourteen and under sixteen years of age who has completed the work of the first eight grades of the public school or its equivalent may be permitted
Page Title u
STATE LABOR REGULATIONS
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
to withdraw from school upon the issuing to such child of a lawful employment certificate. Any child so permitted to withdraw from school shall return to school within five days after the termination of the employment for which such employment certificate was issued. No child. holding a lawful employment certificate at the time this act goes into effect, shall be required to re-enter school because of any increase in educational or age standards for the issuance of employment certificates.
Any child attending public school who has not completed the sixth grade by the age of fourteen years may be required to attend a part-time school for full-time work or to attend a special full-time school which any school corporation is hereby authorized to organize.
No minor under the age of fourteen years shall be employed or permitted to work in any gainful occupation other than farm labor or domestic service. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to employ or permit any minor to work in any occupation or service whatsoever during any of the hours when the common schools of the school corporation in which such minor resides are in session.
It shall be unlawful for any person. firm or corporation to hire or employ or permit any minor between the ages of fourteen and eighteen years to work in any gainful occupation until such person, firm or corporation shall have secured and placed on file in the office of such person. firm or corporation a certificate issued by the issuing officer, as hereinafter defined. of the school corporation in which said minor resides.
No boy between the ages of fourteen and sixteen years and no girl between the ages of fourteen and eighteen years shall be employed or permitted to work in any gainful occupation other than farm labor or domestic service more than eight hours in any one day. nor more than forty-eight hours in any one week. nor more than six days in any one week, nor before the hour of six o'clock in the morning, nor after the hours of seven o'clock in the evening of any day.
No minor under the age of sixteen years shall be employed, permitted or suf- fered to work in any capacity in any of the following occupations: Oiling, wiping or cleaning machinery or assisting therein: operating or assisting in the operation of. or offbearing at any of the following machines or apparatus whether power driven or not: Circular or band saws: wood shapers: wood joiners: planers: stamping machines used in sheet metal or tin work manufacturing: stamping machines in washer or nut factories, or any other stamping machine used in stamping metal: boilers or other steam-generating apparatus: dough brakes or cracker machinery of any descrip- tion: wire or iron straightening machinery: rolling mill machinery: punch: shears: drill press: grinding or mixing mills: calendar rolls in rubber manufacturing; laundry machinery; corrugating rolls of the kind used in roofing and washboard manufactur ing: metal or paper cutting machines: corner staving machines in paper box factories; assorting, manufacturing or packing tobacco: or in or about any quarry. or excava tion: or in any hotel. theater: bowling alley: or in any other occupation dangerous to life or limb. or injurious to the health or morals of such minor.
No boy or girl under the age of twenty one years of age shall be permitted to work in any public pool or billiard room.
No girl under eighteen years shall be employed in any capacity where such employment compels her to remain standing constantly.
No person or corporation or officer or agent thereof. shall employ any woman or female young person in any capacity for the purpose of manufacturing. between the hours of ten o'clock at night and six o'clock in the morning.
The employer of women and girls shall provide a suitable seat for the use of each female employee, placed conveniently where she works, and shall permit the use of the same when she is not necessarily engaged in the active duties for which she is employed.
Paar fiftu xe ten
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
STATE LABOR REGULATIONS
Not less than sixty minutes shall be allowed for the noonday meal in any afore- said establishment in this state. The chief inspector shall have the power to issue written permits in special cases, allowing shorter meal time at noon, and such permit must be conspicuously posted in the main entrance of the establishment. and such permit may be revoked at any time the chief inspector deems necessary, and shall only be given where good cause can be shown.
ORGANIZED LABOR
While practically all of Fort Wayne's industries operate under the American Plan of Open Shop with a 50-hour week, the following trades have organizations which have always been fair in their demands and negotiations have been carried on without friction. These organizations with their working time and wage scales are:
Trade
Working Time
Wage Scale
Barbers
56-hour week
$25.00 per week
Bridge and Structural Iron
44-hour week
1.25 per hour
Bricklayers
44-hour week
1.40 per hour
Carpenters
44-hour week
1.00 per hour
Cement Finishers
44-hour week
.90 per hour
Electric Workers (inside )
44 hour week
.80 per hour
Electric Workers (outside )
44 hour week
90 per hour
Hod Carriers
44-hour week
1.00 per hour
Knitters
44 hour week
40-60 per week
Lathers
44 hour week
1.25 per hour
Machinists
44 hour week
.50 -. 90 per hour
Meat Cutters
54 hour week
30 50 per week
Metal Polishers
44 hour week
.50 -. 75 per hour
Molders
44 hour week
80 per hour
Picture Operators
44-hour week
50.00 per week
Painters
44-hour week
.9712 per hour
Patternmakers
44 hour week
-5 1.00 per hour
Plasterers
44-hour week
1.25 per hour
Plumbers
44 hour week
1.00 per hour
Railway Carmen
44 hour week
.45 .72 per hour
Sheet Metal Workers
44 hour week
1 25 per hour
Street Railway Employees
54 hour week
48 per hour
THE FORT WAYNE INDUSTRIAL PLAN
Almost all the employers of Fort Wayne are members of the Employers' Asso- ciation of Fort Wayne. Incorporated. or the Associated Building Contractors, which associations stand for the American Plan of Open Shop.
A common understanding prevails among employers and employees in Fort Wayne's industries.
The employees of our industries represent the highest type of American work ers and to them should go no small part of the credit for our industrial prestige. They measure up to the required conduct, skill and loyalty. Initiative is encouraged. merit is rewarded and the natural ability and desire to progress can be. and is. inspired.
Page fifty-eight
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
FORT WAYNE INDUSTRIAL PLAN
WAGE SCALES The following table indicates the labor situation in this city : AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS OF INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYEES
MALE WAGE EARNERS
FEMALE WAGE EARNERS
MONTH
Chicago Wage
Fort Wayne Fort Wayne Wage 1 Saving
Chicago Wage
Fort Wayne Fort Wayne Saving Wage
December 1926
$33.71
$27.50
S6.21
$19.94
$16.83
$3.11
January, 1927
31.97
27.45
4.52
20.18
16.91
3.27
February
33.31
27.50
5.81
20.65
17.11
3.54
March
33.07
29.00
6.07
20.10
17.13
2.97
April
33.62
29.00
4.62
18.78
16.90
1.82
May
33.37
28.99
4.38
19.04
16.90
2.14
June
34.19
28.80
5.33
20.30
16.64
3.72
July
33.96
28.50
5.46
20.44
16.73
3.71
August
33.86
28.61
5.25
20.16
16.97
3.19
September
32.75
28.90
3.85
19.01
16.90
2.05
October
33.20
28.18
5.02
19.72
17.25
2.47
November
32.86
28.19
4.67
18.53
16.95
1.58
Annual Average
$32.27
$28.39
85.09
$19.02
$16.94
$2.79
THEORETICAL SAVING IN ANNUAL PAYROLL AT FORT WAYNE
MALE WAGE EARNERS
Size of Establishments
Chicago Payroll
Fort Wayne Payroll
Annual Saving
1 employee
$ 1.678 04
$ 1.476.28
$ 201.76
10 employees
16.780.40
14.762 80
2.017 60
25 employees
41.950.00
36.907.00
5.043.00
50 employees
83.902.00
73.814 00
10.088.00
75 employees
1 25.853.00
110.720 60
15.132.40
100 employees
167.804 00
147.628.00
20.176 00
300 employees
503.412.00
442.884 00
60,528 00
500 employees
839.020.00
738.140.00
133.640.00
1000 employees
1.678.040.00
1.476.280 00
201.760.00
FEMALE WAGE EARNERS
Size of Establishments
Chicago Payroll
Fort Wayne Payroll
Annual Saving
1 employee
$ 989 04
$ 880.88
108.16
10 employees
9.890 40
8.808 80
1.081.60
25 employees
24.726.00
22.022.00
2.704 00
50 employees
49.452 00
44.004.00
5.448.00
75 employees
74.178 00
66.066 00
8.112.00
100 employees
98.904 00
88.080 00
10.824 00
300 employees
296.712.00
264 264 00
32.448.00
500 employees
494.520.00
440.400.00
54.120.00
1000 employees
989.040.00
880.800 00
108.240.00
1
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WAGE SCALES
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
Fort Wayne's average wage for common labor as reported by local industries is 45 cents per hour. Living conditions in Fort Wayne enable wage earners to main- tain a higher standard of living than the same class of workers in larger industrial centers where higher wages prevail.
Fort Wayne's average weekly earnings of $28.39 for male and $16.95 for female employees during a year are very favorable when compared to the same aver- age in Chicago and other large cities.
Theoretically the wage scale paid in the largest cities and industrial centers is almost identical, so that in using the Chicago scale as a comparison it is indicative of the general situation prevailing in cities of an equal industrial size.
The Fort Wayne differential will result in a material saving in production costs over a year's period of time and the foregoing tables illustrate the theoretical savings in an annual payroll which would result in moving a plant from Chicago to Fort Wayne.
GENERAL LIVING CONDITIONS
On page 38 of this survey an outline is given of the living conditions in Fort Wayne.
That Fort Wayne has adequate recreation facilities of the highest type for both the youth and the adults of the community will be readily admitted after study- ing the data on page 8 of this survey under the heading of "Parks and Playgrounds".
Amusements, other than athletics, are provided for by 18 up-to-date theaters and motion picture houses where the latest photo plays, vaudeville and stock pro- ductions are shown. Music, art and drama flourish and the Shuberts of New York supply road companies showing the latest productions throughout the theatrical season.
SCHOOLS
By referring to page 12. under "General Data on Fort Wayne", it will be readily seen that the school systems of this city are of the best and adequate to provide excel- lent educational opportunities for the children of the community.
WATER, LIGHT, GAS AND FUEL
By referring to page 68. under "Public Utilities", it will be found that the domestic rates for the various public utilities is conducive to economical household expenses and that they will bear favorable comparison with other cities, both larger and smaller than Fort Wayne.
The cost of coal and coke compare more than favorably with other cities, due to Fort Wayne's location.
The splendid housing situation. recreational and educational facilities. low liv- ing costs, high percentage of home ownership and many other factors too numerous to detail. combine to give Fort Wayne a staple and satisfactory labor supply.
Page sixty
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
RAW MATERIALS
That Fort Wayne occupies a strategic position in connection with raw mate- rials is indicated by the following statistics:
In 1925 Indiana produced 829.000 barrels of oil. 649.000 barrels of which were produced in the southwestern Indiana field and 180,000 barrels in the old north- eastern, or Trenton, field. In 1926 the State's production was 793.000 barrels, of which 654,000 came from the southwestern part of the state, and 139.000 from the northeastern section. Statistics show that last year 180 wells were drilled in Indiana.
FORESTRY
The last statistics give a woodland area in Indiana of 2.600.000 acres; esti- mated value per acre, $30.00. The capitalized earning value of the forest land in Indiana is probably in the neighborhood of a 5', income. The potential earning on the forest land is low at $1.50 per acre.
MINERALS
The latest mineral statistics for Indiana include the following :
Asphalt
$ 1.555,563
Cement (estimated )
23.000.000
Clay Products
16.368.139
Raw Clay
122.162
Coal
46.453,000
Coke
30.394.397
Pig Iron
52.507.720
Lime
991.003
Mineral Waters
152.082
Natural Gas
494.000
Petroleum
1.720.000
Potash
4.800
Abrasives
34.002
Sand and Gravel
5.070.339
Building Stone
17.269.407
Miscellaneous
1.493.371
Total
$112.299.075
FISH AND GAME
There are now more than 317 organized clubs in the State of Indiana formed in the interest of conserving fish, game and forests. The Division of Fish and Game operates five State fish hatcheries, at which eight different species of fish are propa- gated. In 1927 waters were stocked in 86 counties and the total number of fish planted was 13,003,355. Fish are furnished free to applicants who register prop- erly, and blue prints and original maps of the larger lakes made especially for fisher- men may be had from the Division.
Some of the wild game common to Indiana include: Fox. opossum, raccoon, skunk. mink. muskrat, pine squirrels, rabbits, beaver, otter. and game birds.
SAND AND GRAVEL
Sand suitable for re-inforced concrete and building is found on the outer edges of the city, along the Saint Mary's River. and in the bed of the Saint Mary's.
Gravel is obtained from gravel beds along the Saint Mary's River.
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
AGRICULTURE
COAL
Indiana ranks sixth state in the production of bituminous coal. The annual value is $45,492,726.
LIMESTONE
Indiana ranks third state in the production of limestone. having 67 quarries. with an annual value of $4.619.801.00.
LUMBER
Indiana contains 246 saw mills which produced 139.472.000 feet of lumber in 1926. Lumber common to Indiana includes: Maple, beech, sycamore, oak, wal- nut and poplar.
AGRICULTURE
Agriculture plays an important part in making Indiana one of the most diversi- fied states of the Union as to wealth and income. Farm wealth constitutes 27.7 per cent of the total wealth: urban wealth 29.4 per cent: industrial wealth 28.6 per cent, and all other wealth 14.3 per cent.
Only two states north of the Ohio River and west of New England have a smaller per cent of their owner-operated farms mortgaged than does Indiana and only 17 states in the Union have a smaller per cent of the value of property covered by mortgages. One hundred forty-one thousand out of one hundred ninety-six thousand farms in Indiana are located on gravel roads or highways of better quality. Indiana far excels all other states in the Union in this important particular and has approximately three times as many of its farms located on good roads as has the entire United States.
Allen County is a great farming region. with Fort Wayne its focus of distri- bution. Farming in Allen County has reached a very high state of development due to fertile soil and the work of efficient county agricultural agents. Allen is the rich- est agricultural county in the state, has the largest square mile area. and leads all other counties in the number of dairy cattle. having become the center of important dairy interests.
Allen County Contains:
426.880 acres of land with 91 per cent in farms: 76.1 per cent in crops.
82 per cent in improved lands.
Over three-fourths of the farm area in crops.
Allen County Ranks in Production :
Oats- 1 st Tame Hay- Ist
Wheat 3rd Clover-4th Corn- 22nd Hogs 24th Rye 29th Soybeans-51st
Indiana Contains:
23.000.000 acres of land. 91 per cent in farms: 70 per cent in crops. 79 per cent in improved lands.
Almost three fourths of the farm area in crops.
Indiana Ranks in Production :
Oats 9th Fame Hay -14th
Wheat 7th
Clover-3rd Corn 7th
Hogs- 6th
Rve 8th Soybeans 4th
Beef cattle are among the most important cash crops on Allen County farms. Other crops which are the most important in money value are: Corn. wheat. oats. clover, alfalfa. sugar beets, potatoes and garden produce. Hog raising in Allen County is primarily a method of marketing corn. Oats are raised in this section prin cipally for feeding purposes. The average value per acre of land is $100.00.
Pays virtutwo
Industrial Survey of Fort Wayne, Indiana
AGRICULTURE
Value of Livestock on Indiana Farms 1929 Obtained from 11.240.000 acres
Horses
$ 42.395.000.00
Mules
8.752.000.00
Milk Cows
58.905.000.00
All cattle
87.580.000.00
Sheep
8.131.000.00
Swine
34,900,000.00
Total
$181.758.000.00
Total value of agricultural crops in Indiana obtained from 11,240.000 acres (1928) $214.419.320.00
Average quantity of farm products produced in Indiana is as follows:
1928
Crop
Total for Allen County
Total for Indiana
Percert for Allen County
Corn
2.812.000 bu.
161.322.000 bu.
1.7 1;
Wheat
126.000 bu.
9.590.000 bu.
1.3 0;
Oats
2.860,000 bu.
93.684.000 bu.
3.054
Ry
7.000 bu.
946.000 bu.
.07
Hay
63,000 T.
2.481.000 T.
2.5
Horses and Mules
7.535
623.000
1.2
Hogs
29.374
3.227.000
08.
Cattle
18.188
1.294.000
1.4 47
Sheep
16.297
705.000
2.3
Poultry (Doz. )
19.668
937.448
2.09 ;
FORT WAYNE STOCK YARDS
Fort Wayne has a modern stock yards, providing a ready market for all classes of live stock. The following is a list of live stock coming through the stock yards for the year 1929:
Totals For
Live Stock
J.ın.
Feb.
Mar.
April
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
().t.
Nov.
Dec.
Year
C'attle
1259
1384
1498
1329
1139
1470
1080
93,5
1095
931
1155
025
14200
Calves
1048
1267
1541
1505
1643
1567
041
916
1072
-38
862
13877
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