USA > Indiana > Daviess County > Living leaders, an encyclopedia of biography : special edition for Daviess and Martin counties, Indiana > Part 6
USA > Indiana > Martin County > Living leaders, an encyclopedia of biography : special edition for Daviess and Martin counties, Indiana > Part 6
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JOHN BURROUGHS.
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GEORGE WASHINGTON CABLE.
M ANY readers will remember with what delight they devoured those inimitable short stories, "Madame Delphine," "Posson Jone," "Tite Poulette," and "Cafe des Exiles," with which George W. Cable made his advent in the field of literature, and the enthusiasm with which they received his later and more elaborate works. Mr. Cable is a native of New Orleans, born October 12, 1844. He served in the Confederate army from 1863 to 1865, being severely wounded, and after the war returned to New Orleans, penniless. He had a hard struggle for existence for a time, but finally attracted attention through a series of clever articles published in the New Orleans "Pic- ayune," and in 1878 his sketches of Creole life began to appear in "Scribner's Magazine." These made him famous, and his success as an author was immediately assured. He possesses a thorough mastery of the Creole and negro dialects of his native state, and his stories all have the merit of novelty and interest. His keen powers of observa- tion have enabled him to depict the social life of the Louisiana low- lands so vividly that in some cases serious offense has been given to those whose portraits he has drawn. Through his publications he has been the means of effecting reforms in the contract system of convict labor in the Southern States. Among his most popular works are "Old Creole Days," "The Grandissimes," "Bonaventure," "The Cre- oles of Louisiana," "Dr. Sevier," "The Silent South," "John March, Southerner," etc. Mr. Cable has also been successful in the lecture field, and his readings from his own books give the stories and their characters an added charm through his clever interpretations. In 1885 he established his permanent home at Northampton, Mass.
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GEORGE WASHINGTON CABLE.
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JULIUS C. BURROWS.
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A PROMINENT figure in Congress has been for a long time that of Julius C. Burrows, who so ably represents the Third Michi-
gan district. He was born in North East, Erie County, Pa., January 9, 1837. He received a thorough common-school and academic educa- tion. He studied law and was admitted to practice, but, with the outbreak of the Civil war, entered the Union army, remaining in the service until 1864. After the war he settled down vigorously to the practice of his profession, in Kalamazoo, Mich .. and was elected prose- cuting attorney. In 1867 he was appointed supervisor of internal reve- nue for the states of Michigan and Wisconsin, but declined the office, preferring the regular career before him. He was elected to the Forty- third Congress, re-elected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- gresses, and in 1884 was appointed Solicitor of the United States Treas- ury Department, but declined the office. In the same year he was elected delegate-at-large from Michigan to the Republican National Con- vention. He was elected to the Forty-ninth Congress, and has been re-elected continuously since. He was twice elected Speaker pro tem- pore during the Fifty-first Congress, and is a recognized power in the Republican party. In his last contest he received a majority of votes over the Democratic, Populist and Prohibition candidates combined. A fluent and powerful debater, a statesman of admitted ability, and pos- sessed of popular qualities, he is looked upon as a not unlikely occupant of a seat in the United States Senate. He is a fit specimen of the clear-headed, broad-viewed men, the drift from the east, who have made Michigan one of the most typically American and progressive states of the Union.
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JULIUS C. BURROWS.
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JAMES E. CAMPBELL.
O NE of the men who have become factors in the political history of the country within a comparatively recent period, but who have attracted universal attention by reason of inherent greatness, is Ex-Governor Campbell, of Ohio. First in the National House of Rep- resentatives, then in the Governor's chair, he distinguished himself as a man of more than ordinary ability, an able legislator, and a wise exec- utive. James E. Campbell was born in Middletown, Ohio, July 7, 1843. He received a thorough education, and adopted the profession of a lawyer. During the Civil war he served in the United States Navy, and after the restoration of peace settled down to the practice of his profession in Hamilton, Ohio, where, in 1876, he became prosecuting attorney, continuing in that office until 1880. In the mean time Mr. Campbell had become so popular throughout his district that in 1882 he was elected to Congress as a Democrat, and he soon became one of the most popular men at the Capitol, as well as a leader in the House. He served in the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses, and was re-elected to the Fiftieth, but subsequently resigned his seat to make the race for Governor of Ohio. He made a vigorous and bril- liant campaign, and succeeded in defeating his Republican opponent, Governor Foraker. At the end of his term as Governor, he failed of re-election, but his power and influence in his own party have contin- ued to grow, rather than diminish, and he is today a greater man than ever. At the National Democratic Convention of 1892 he was a recognized leader, and was enthusiastically cheered every time his tall, commanding figure was seen in the aisles. He represents the best principles of the Democratic party.
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JAMES E. CAMPBELL.
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WILL CARLETON.
E ASILY the predecessor of the American poets of the day who are describing country life-by the way, the greatest life of the nation- though he used little or no dialect in doing it, stands Will Carleton, the Michigan poet, author of "Over the Hills to the Poorhouse," and of similar poems which have touched the hearts of the American pub- lic. He was born in Hudson, Lenawee County, Mich., October 21, 1845. He received the ordinary education of a boy of that region of apple orchards, of good roads winding beside lakes, and of good schools. He graduated at Hillsdale College in 1869. After his graduation he visited Europe and repeated the trip, making an earnest study of gen- eral European life as compared with the American. He began soon after his return a series of contributions to periodicals and magazines, and one day found himself made suddenly famous by contributions pub- lished in the east, "Over the Hills to the Poorhouse" and "Betsy and I are Out" being, doubtless, the most potent in giving him the wide reputation he so suddenly attained. He has lectured in Great Britain, Canada and the United States, and has proved an exceedingly popular man before an audience. His published books include "Poems" (Chi- cago, 1871), "Farm Ballads" (New York, 1873), "Farm Legends" (1875), "Young Folks' Centennial," "Rhymes," "Farm Festivals," "City Ballads," and others. With a keen perception of what was about him, and with the gift of language for expressing in words that which he sees and feels, Mr. Carleton has won fairly the position he now occupies in the literary world. He is one of the graceful poetic historians of a great phase of life in the progress of the new world.
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WILL CARLETON.
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ANDREW CARNEGIE.
B Y all odds the largest manufacturer of pig-iron, steel rails and coke in the world is Andrew Carnegie. The son of a poor weaver, he was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, November 25, 1835, and came to the United States with his father in 1845, settling in Pittsburg two years later. He learned telegraphy, and was one of the first to read telegraphic signals by sound. Later, while in the employ of the Penn- sylvania railroad, he met Mr. Woodruff, the inventor of the sleeping- car, and joined him in his venture, the success of which gave him the nucleus of his wealth. He pooled his profits with the syndicate that purchased the Storey farm on Oil Creek, which cost forty thou- sand dollars, and yielded in one year over one million dollars in cash dividends. Mr. Carnegie subsequently associated himself with others in the establishment of a rolling mill, and from this has grown the most extensive and complete system of iron and steel industries ever con- trolled by an individual, embracing the Edgar Thomson Steel Works, the Pittsburg Bessemer Steel Works, the Lucy Furnaces, the Union Iron Mills, the Union Mill (Wilson, Walker & Co.), the Keystone Bridge Works, the Hartman Steel Works, the Frick Coke Company, and the Scotia ore mines. Many times a millionaire, Mr. Carnegie has devoted large sums to public improvements and to benevolent and educational purposes, both in this country and in Scotland. He owns about eigh- teen newspapers, is a frequent contributor to periodicals, and has pub- lished two books: "An American Four-in-Hand in Britain" and "Tri- umphant Democracy." He has shown a deep interest in the welfare of the working classes, and in all movements designed to improve their condition.
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ANDREW CARNEGIE.
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MARY HARTWELL CATHERWOOD.
V TERY well defined and more than creditable is the position in lit- erature of Mary Hartwell Catherwood. She was born in Luray, Licking County, Ohio, December 16, 1847. Her father, the scion of a long line of Scotch-Irish baronets, came with his family to Illinois when the state was still half wild, and fell a victim to the duties of his profession. The daughter, Mary, received a thorough education and graduated from the Female College at Granville, Ohio, in 1868. In 1888 she became the wife of James S. Catherwood, and has since resided at Hoopeston, Ill. The child, Mary Hartwell, was always given to story making, but it was not until 1881 that the woman was fairly launched on the sea of letters. In that year "Craque-O'-Doom," from her pen, was published in Philadelphia; "Rocky Fork" was pub- lished in Boston, in 1882, and then came in succession "Old Caravan Days," "The Secrets at Roseladies," "The Romance of Dollard," which first appeared as a serial in the "Century Magazine," "The Bells of St. Anne," "The Story of Tonty," and other works. As the roman- tic historian of Canada and the Great Lakes region Mrs. Catherwood has certainly no peer, and as a graceful defender of the conservative ideal against the unadorned realistic in style she has won almost equal prominence. She has a wonderful gift of story telling, and has, fur- thermore, an earnestness and enthusiasm in her work which reveals itself in the tone of all she writes. She is the graceful pioneer in a field which will yet be enormously and magnificently fruitful. Among western authors · she occupies an admittedly high position, the result of no exploitation nor of adventitious circumstance, but of distinguished merit.
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MARY HARTWELL CATHERWOOD.
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AMELIE RIVES CHANLER.
T HOUGH yet a young woman, Mrs. Amelie Rives Chanler is well known in at least two continents. Her fame came swiftly, but it has remained because of the real strength of the young author- ess. Amelie Rives was born in Richmond, Va., August 23, 1863. She is the granddaughter of the Hon. Wm. C. Rives, who was three times Minister to France and once a United States senator. Her youth was passed part of the time in Mobile, Ala., and part of the time at Castle Hill, her father's place in Albemarle County, Virginia. It was not until 1886 that she became known to the world. In that year she published anonymously, in the "Atlantic Monthly," a story of the sixteenth century entitled "A Brother to Dragons," which excited widespread interest and comment. In 1887 "The Farrier Lass o' Pip- ing Pebworth," a short story in "Lippincott's Magazine," and "Nurse Crumpet Tells the Story," in "Harper's Magazine," added to the author's reputation. In 1889 "The Quick or the Dead" appeared in "Lippincott's Magazine," and reputation was a thing assured. There was much adverse criticism of the daring story, but its genius was admitted. In June, 1888, she became the wife of John Armstrong Chanler, of New York. Her first drama, "Herod and Mariamna," was published just before she went abroad. A study of life in the Latin quarter of Paris, by Mrs. Chanler, entitled "According to St. John," appeared in the "Cosmopolitan Magazine" as a serial in 1891, and a second drama, "Athelwold," was published in "Harper's Maga- zine" in 1892. Mrs. Chanler spends much of her time at Castle Hill, and there continues her studies in the line of the career which has been so brilliantly begun.
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AMELIE RIVES CHANLER.
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WILLIAM EATON CHANDLER.
O RIGINAL and aggressive, with a mind that grasps quickly and accurately the most complicated questions of government, few men are better fitted to cope with the problems which the progress of legislation and agitation have pressed upon the attention of this genera- tion than Senator Chandler, of New Hampshire. Mr. Chandler first saw the light of day in Concord, N. H., December 28, 1835. After his admission to the bar, in 1856, he was appointed reporter of the New Hampshire supreme court, and in 1862 he was elected by the Republicans to the Legislature. In 1864 he was employed by the United States Navy Department as special counsel to prosecute the Philadelphia navy yard frauds, and in the following year he was appointed first solicitor and judge advocate-general of that department. From June 17, 1865, to November 30, 1867, he was first assistant Secretary of the Treasury. In 1876 he advocated the claims of the Hayes electors in Florida before the canvassing board of the state, and was afterward an outspoken opponent of the Southern policy of the Hayes administration. In 1881 Mr. Chandler was again a member of the New Hampshire legislature, and in April, 1882, President Arthur appointed him Secretary of the Navy, in which office he carried out many important measures, and introduced reforms the result of which has been the saving of millions of dollars to the government of the United States. He was first elected United States senator June 14, 1887, to fill the unexpired term of Austin F. Pike, and was re-elected June 18, 1889. Mr. Chandler is a worker rather than a talker, and in every public position that he has held he has been known by what he has accomplished and not by what he has said.
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WILLIAM EATON CHANDLER.
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WILLIAM BOURKE COCKRAN.
T AMMANY'S great orator, recently a member of Congress, an ear- nest worker, and a man of influence in the House, is compara- tively new as a figure in national politics. He was born in Ireland, February 28, 1854, and was educated in his native country and in France, coming to America when seventeen years of age. Soon after his arrival in this country he became a teacher in a private academy, and was, later, principal of a public school in Westchester County, New York. Here he labored for some time. His natural abilities outside of those required in his avocation were recognized while he was still a teacher, and he participated in Democratic conventions, and became at length a recognized person of influence in the affairs of the party in New York City. His pre-eminent oratorical powers gave him prominence, and at the convention which nominated Grover Cleveland for the presidency, in 1892, Mr. Cockran's speech in opposition was admittedly the ablest effort of the occasion. He was elected a member of the Fifty-second Congress, and re-elected to the Fifty-third, taking an active part in the debates on national issues. Though an active partici- pant in the councils of the close political organization to which he belongs, and counted, as a matter of course, its spokesman on great occasions, Mr. Cockran is not so thoroughly identified with it in character as are other leaders who might be named, and is apparently rather inclined to take an independent course and be influenced rather by his convictions than the dictates of a "machine." His political opinions are broad and liberal, and, when made public in a speech, have always immeidate force, from the remarkable tact and force of their expression.
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WILLIAM BOURKE COCKRAN.
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JOSEPH COOK.
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F OR searching philosophical analysis, for keen and merciless logic, for dogmatic assertion of eternal truth in the name of science, it is doubtful if Joseph Cook, of Boston, has an equal on the lecture platform or in the field of religious literature. He is probably the most aggressive, as he is certainly the most celebrated, defender of the orthodox faith of the present day. Mr. Cook was born in Ticon- deroga, N. Y., January 26, 1838. He was educated at Yale and Har- vard, and after studying four years at Andover he was granted a license, but declined all invitations to any settlement as pastor. He preached in Andover for two years and in Lynn, Mass., for one year, and in 1871 went to Europe, where he devoted himself to study and travel until near the close of 1873. Upon his return he became a lecturer on the relations of religion, science and current reform. His "Boston Monday lectures," in Tremont Temple, Boston, attracted general atten- tion and were widely published, many of them being afterward deliv- ered by Mr. Cook in the various cities of the United States. In 1880 he made a lecturing tour around the world, attracting large audiences and favorable criticisms everywhere. Mr. Cook's published works in- clude "Biology," "Transcendentalism," "Orthodoxy," "Conscience," "Heredity," "Marriage," "Labor," "Socialism," "Occident," and "Ori- ent." His greatest popularity arises from the fact that he attempts to show that science is in harmony with religion and the Bible. Presi- dent McCosh, of Princeton College, said of Mr. Cook as a lecturer : "He lightens and thunders, throwing a vivid light on a topic by an expression of comparison, or striking a presumptuous error as by a bolt from heaven."
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JOSEPH COOK. 167
RICHARD HARDING DAVIS.
Nº TO man of the present day in the United States has fairly won a position in the literary field at a lesser age than has Richard Harding Davis. Though but just past his thirtieth year, he is recog- nized as one of the most brilliant of story-tel'ers of a certain class, and that class a good one. He was born in Philadelphia, April 10, 1864, and is the son of L. Clark Davis, editor of the "Philadelphia Ledger," and Rebecca Harding Davis, an authoress popular everywhere for her charming stories. With such parentage it is not at all surprising that the son should have the literary gift in a marked degree. He received a thorough education at Lehigh University and Johns Hopkins', and, almost immediately after leaving college, engaged in literary work. After writing a book, which was not long upon the market, and a magazine story or two, he began newspaper work in Philadelphia, serving successively on the "Record," the "Press," and the "Tele- graph," and paying a visit for the latter to England. On his return from England, he secured a connection with the New York "Evening Sun," and on that paper began the series of "Van Bibber" sketches, by which he is best known. It was not by these that he became first known, however, but by the spirited story of "Gallegher." It is a noticeable thing in all that he has accomplished and is what is great- est in his promise for the future that Mr. Davis' work shows with each successive volume increased care and quality, while none of the vigor is lost. He has published three or four books of travel, which are, in their way, as creditable as his stories. He has a future of exceptional brightness, being young and having "gifts" which may develop into something very great.
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RICHARD HARDING DAVIS.
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FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD.
W TITH a masterly touch in the delineation of natural men and women-with a fascinating and artistic style in depicting dra- matic scenes and situations, whether they have the picturesque setting of southern Continental conditions or the more sober hue of American life-F. Marion Crawford has won great popularity as a novelist. He is the son of an American sculptor, Thomas Crawford, and was born in Bagni di Lucca, Italy, August 2, 1854. He was educated partly in America, at Concord, N. H., partly in Italy, and partly in England, where he was a member of Trinity College, Cambridge. He after- ward studied at Karlsruhe and Heidelberg, and from 1876 to 1878 studied Sanskrit at the University of Rome. In 1879 he went to India and was editor of a daily paper, the "Indian Herald," at Alla- habad. Returning to America in 1881, he remained until 1883, and then went to Italy, where, with the exception of occasional visits to this and other countries, he has since resided, his home being near Sor- rento. Mr. Crawford's writings are chiefly in the line of fiction, though he has done some work in critical philosophy and philology, and has contributed sketches of travel to periodicals. His first novel, "Mr. Isaacs," made him famous in the literary world, and his succeed- ing ones, which have followed one another in rapid succession, have been eagerly sought after and widely commented upon. He has been awarded a prize of one thousand francs by the French Academy as an acknowledgment of the merit of his novels, and especially two of them, " Zoroaster" and " Marzio's Crucifix," which were written in French as well as in English. His latest, "Katharine Lauderdale," is a realistic American story.
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FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD.
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AMOS JAY CUMMINGS.
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TOT all newspaper writers are "born to blush unseen," although the concealment of their identity, as a rule, prevents them from becoming widely known through their work. An editor who has scratched his way into Congress with a sharp-pointed pen, is Amos J. Cummings, representing the Eleventh congressional district of New York City. Mr. Cummings was born in Conkling, Broome County, N. Y., May 15, 1841. He was educated in a district school, and at the age of twelve years entered a printing office as an apprentice. He has set type in nearly every state in the Union. As a boy he was with Walker in the last invasion of Nicaragua, and during the Civil war was sergeant-major in the Twenty-sixth New Jersey infantry, being offi- cially mentioned for gallantry in the battle of Fredericksburg. Mr. Cummings has filled editorial positions on the New York "Tribune," under Horace Greeley; was managing editor at different times of the New York "Sun" and of the New York "Express," and was editor of the "Evening Sun" and president of the New York Press Club when elected to the Fiftieth Congress. He has served four terms in Congress, and has done valuable work as a member of the committee on merchant marine and fisheries, as chairman of the committee on library, and chairman of the committee on naval affairs. Mr. Cum- mings is a champion of organized labor, and carries a working card as a printer, being the only representative in the House who is a member in good standing of a labor union. While in Congress he has continued his work as a newspaper correspondent, and his letters are always full of interest. For many years he wrote for the New York "Sun," over the signature of "Ziska."
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AMOS JAY CUMMINGS.
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DONALD McDONALD DICKINSON.
P ECULIAR abilities, coupled with natural sagacity and tact, are essential qualifications of the successful organizer and leader in politics. In this respect there are probably few men in the United States better equipped than "Don" M. Dickinson, of Michigan, whose valuable services to his party were recognized in so substantial a way by President Cleveland in 1888. Mr. Dickinson was born in Port Ontario, Oswego County, N. Y., January 7, 1847. After obtaining a preliminary education in the public schools, he entered the University of Michigan, where he was graduated in 1867. He then took up the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in Michigan, eventually settling in Detroit, where for many years he has pursued the practice of his profession. Of rare legal acumen, he quickly won a foremost place at the bar, and has continually added to his reputation by his connection with important cases and the admirable manner in which he conducts them. By his shrewdness and foresight, as well as by his eloquence and magnetism, he became a power in the Democratic party of the state, and finally of the nation. In 1876 he was chosen chair- man of the Democratic State Committee of Michigan, in which position he rendered valuable service. In 1880 he was chairman of the Michi- gan delegation in the National Democratic Convention, and since that time has always taken an active and prominent part in national cam- paign work. In 1884 he became a member of the National Demo- cratic Committee, representing Michigan, and distinguished himself for clever management and wise counsel. President Cleveland appointed him Postmaster-General of the United States, January 17, 1888, a post which he creditably filled for one year.
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DONALD McDONALD DICKINSON.
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JOACHIM CRESPO.
T T HE most important international topic during the last administration of President Cleveland was the dispute between England and America involving the question of the correct boundary line between British Guiana and Venezuela. The latter government claimed that Great Britain was encroaching upon their territory. President Cleve- land took the stand that the question involved the terms of the Mon- roe Doctrine, namely, that the United States considers any attempt by a European power, to extend their system to any portion of this hemi- sphere, as dangerous to the peace and safety of the nation. Gen. Joachim Crespo, President of the Republic of Venezuela, has the pecu- liar characteristics of one who would be a leader of men. It has been said of him that he is possessed of two attributes which seldom go hand in hand. He is a shrewd and conservative business man, rich in land and herds-a veritable cattle king of the South; but above all he is a brave and gallant soldier, a soldier whose iron nerve has endeared him to the hearts of his countrymen. His first act of bravery and patriotism was to head a revolutionary rising against the unconstitutional acts of President Palachio. That merciless despot was driven from the Presidency and General Crespo accepted the provisional head of the government. He immediately issued a pronunciamiento ordering a constitutional election. He was elected, and at once showed his affection for his country and loyalty to the people by adopting a new constitution, patterned as nearly after that of the United States as the different conditions of the country would permit. President Crespo was born in Barcelona, Venezuela, in 1845. The action of President Cleveland in the boundary question was heartily endorsed by every one.
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