USA > Indiana > The Indiana gazetteer : or, topographical dictionary of the state of Indiana, 1850 > Part 22
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LICK CREEK, a considerable mill stream which rises in the eastern part of Orange county and runs west into Martin, and, uniting with Lost river, it falls into the east fork of White river, near the north line of Dubois county. It derives its name from the French Lick, a noted spring of mineral water on one of its branches.
LICKING, a south-west township in Blackford county, population 1,000.
LIGONIER, a small town in the north-west of Noble county.
LIMA, originally an Indian village on Pigeon river, in Lagrange county, and was the Seat of Justice until 1842. It contains 150 houses and 600 inhabitants. It is four miles north of the county seat.
LIMA, a northern township in Lagrange county, popu- lation 900.
LIMA, a dry and beautiful prairie included in the above.
LIMBER LOST, a tributary of the Wabash, in Jay coun- ty, affording water power.
LINTON, a south-east township in Vigo county, popula- tion 750.
LITTLE RIVER, rises near Fort Wayne and runs south- west, and empties into the Wabash two miles below Huntington.
LITTLE BLUE, a fine mill stream, with a rich and beau- tiful tract of country along its whole course, rises in the north part of Rush, and runs south-west into Blue river, just above Shelbyville.
LITTLE EAGLE, a tributary of Eagle creek from the
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north, falls into that stream three miles west of Indian- apolis.
LITTLE ELKHART, a fine mill stream, rises in Lagrange, runs north-west into Elkhart, and falls into St. Joseph river at Bristol.
LITTLE FLATROCK, a good mill stream which rises near the east line of Rush, and runs south-west into Decatur, where it unites with the main stream of Flatrock, seven miles north-west of Greensburgh.
LITTLE INDIAN, a branch of Indian creek from the east, with which it unites at Corydon.
LITTLE PIGEON, a mill stream which rises in the south- west corner of Dubois, runs south-west about fifty miles into the Ohio, two miles above Newburgh. It forms the dividing line between Spencer and Warrick for a long distance.
LITTLE PINE, a mill stream in the east part of Ben- ton and Warren, runs south into the Wabash.
LITTLE PIPE, a mill stream in Miami county.
LITTLE RACKOON, a fine mill stream, rises in the south- west of Montgomery, and runs south into Parke, and falls into Big Rackoon near Roseville.
LITTLE SANDY, the eastern fork of Big Sandy creek, in Spencer county.
LITTLE SHAWANEE, the southern branch of Shawanee creek in Fountain county, with which it unites near Rob Roy.
LITTLE SALT, the southern branch of Salt creek, which rises in Jackson and runs north-west through a corner of Brown county, and empties into the main stream in Monroe.
LITTLE ST. JOSEPH, or the St. Joseph of Lake Erie, runs south-west from the State of Ohio through DeKalb and Allen counties to Fort Wayne, where it unites with the St. Mary's, and they form the Maumee.
LITTLE VERMILLION, a good mill stream, which rises in Illinois and runs south-east into the Wabash near New- port, in the county of Vermillion.
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LITTLE WHITE LICK rises in the west part of Marion, runs south through a corner of Hendricks into Morgan, where it unites with the main stream, two miles below Mooresville.
LITTLE WILD CAT, a branch of the main stream of that name, in Howard county.
LIVONIA, a small town in Washington county, twelve miles west of Salem, and nine east of Paoli.
LOCKPORT, a small town on the canal, in Carroll coun- ty, ten miles north-east of Delphi.
LOCKPORT, a small town in Vigo county, nine miles south-east of Terre Haute.
LOGAN, a township in Dearborn county, population 660.
LOGAN, a township in the north of Fountain, popula- tion 1,515.
LOGAN, a southern township in Pike county, popula- tion 650.
LOG LICK, a small stream in Switzerland county, run- ning south-west into the Ohio six miles above Vevay.
LOGANSPORT, the Seat of Justice of Cass county, is situated in the forks of the Wabash and Eel river, in latitude 40 deg. 45 min. and in longitude 9 deg. 16 min. west. It was first settled in 1829, by G. McBean, J. H. Kintner, D. Patrick, James Smith, C. Carter, H. Todd, J. and C. Vigus, Gen. J. Tipton, who was the principal proprietor, J. B. Duret, and others. The whole number of buildings at this time in Logansport is 373, of which twenty-nine are of stone, forty-eight of brick, and 296 of timber. The population is about 2,700. The Court House, built of cut stone, is one of the finest buildings in the west. Three of the Churches, the Old School Pres- byterian, the Episcopalian and the Catholic, are fine stone buildings, and the Methodists and New School Presbyterians also have good Churches there.
The favorable situation of Logansport for trade and business, the immense amount of water power there, and the fertile country in the vicinity, must make it among the best towns in the State. While the Miami Reserve, lying immediately south of the Wabash, was held by the
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Indians, the town, sustained by the Indian trade, im- proved for a time beyond the country; but at this time, both are improving rapidly. Logansport is seventy miles north of Indianapolis, forty-two east north-east of La- fayette, twenty-three south of Rochester, and eighteen west of Peru.
LOON'S CREEK, a mill stream in Huntington county.
LOST CREEK, a stream in Vigo county, east of Terre Haute, which, at times, sinks away in the prairie, from which it derives its name.
LOST CREEK, an interior township in Vigo county, population 1,000.
LOST RIVER, rises in Washington county, and takes a western course through the north part of Orange, and forms a junction with Lick creek, and falls into the east fork of White river, near the south line of Martin county. This stream, as well as several of its tributaries, sinks and runs under ground for considerable distances, and then rises again.
LOUISVILLE, a small town in Henry county, on the National road at the crossing of Flat Rock, forty-two miles east of Indianapolis, population 300.
LUCE, a south-west township in Spencer county, pop- ulation 900.
LUDLOW CREEK, a stream in Kosciusko county.
LYNN, a western township in Posey county.
LYNN, a small town in Baker township, north-east of Martin, laid out in 1847.
MADISON COUNTY, named in honor of the fourth Presi- dent of the United States, James Madison, was organ- ized in 1823. It is bounded north by Grant, east by Delaware and Henry, south by Hancock, and west by Hamilton and Tipton, being thirty-one miles from north to south, and fifteen from east to west. It is divided into twelve civil townships, viz: Green, Fall Creek, Adams, Union, Anderson, Jackson, Pipe Creek, Lafay- ette, Richland, Monroe, Boone and Van Buren. The population in 1830 was 2,442, in 1840, 8,874, and at this time about 11,500. With the exception of about
BRANCH BANK, MADISON ..
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1,500 acres of wet prairie, between Pendleton and An- derson, and a small tract of hilly country along the principal streams, the balance of the county is either gently undulating or nearly level, and was originally co- vered with heavy timber, generally of a good quality. About one-fourth of the county is bottom, the other three-fourths upland. The soil is various, though mostly a clay loam, with a mixture of sand, and very produc- tive, and well adapted to wheat, corn, oats and grass. It is estimated that 15,000 hogs, 500 fat cattle, and 100 mules are sent annually from the county. There are in it fifteen grist mills, twenty-one saw mills, three woollen manufactories, one printing office, ten Methodist and two Baptist churches, nine lawyers, twenty physicians, eight preachers, and about 300 mechanics employed in the various trades needed in a new country. The taxable land is 254,419 acres, and not over 3,000 acres still be- long to the United States.
The fine water power of Madison county, not sur- passed probably by that of any county in the State, its fertile soil, excellent lime-stone and marble which are found here easy of access, will all be called into requisi- tion on the opening of the Indianapolis and Bellefontaine Railroad, and this part of the country will advance rapidly in improvement.
MADISON, a southern township in Allen county, popu- lation 375.
MADISON, a township in Carroll county, population 450.
MADISON, a western township in Clinton county, pop- lation 650.
MADISON, a south-east township in Jay county, popu- lation 450, first settled in 1833, by B. Goldsmith.
MADISON, the Seat of Justice of Jefferson county, is beautifully situated in a valley averaging three-fourths of a mile in width and about three miles in length, at a northern bend of the Ohio, which is nearest to the cen- tre of the State. About half of this valley is from thirty to forty feet above the highest floods of the river, and on
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this stands much the largest and best part of the city. Steep and rugged hills, from 400 to 500 feet in height appear to surround this valley, except where the river winds along, and from their tops, or when seen from be- low, the most delightful and romantic scenery is pre- sented. Among the first settlers of Madison, in the year 1808, or soon after, were John Paul, Gov. W. Hen- dricks, J. Sering, Messrs. N. & J. Hunt, and others, who who have since participated in transacting much impor- tant public business. In 1816, when the writer of this article first saw Madison, there were not exceeding three or four brick and twenty frame houses, and probably 100 cabins. It improved, however, rapidly for a few years, but after the unhealthy seasons and hard times of 1820 and 1821, the prospects there were very gloomy and the business dull until 1824, when improvements again com- menced and have continued to this time, except an inter- ruption of near five years between 1838 and 1843. In 1834 the population of Madison was estimated at 2,500, in 1840 it was 3,798, and at this time it is over 7,000, and with better prospects of increasing than at any for- mer period. The public buildings in the City are the Court House, Jail and county offices, two large market house:, the branch of the State Bank, a large Railroad Depot, two fine buildings for City Schools, three Metho- dist Churches, two Presbyterian, do., one for each branch of that denomination, one for the Episcopalians, one for the Catholics, all which are excellent buildings, and the Baptists, Christians, and other denominations have also convenient buildings, making about fifteen in all.
The new Episcopal Church, on Mulberry street, (Christ Church, under the Rectorship of Rev. Dr. Claxton,) is a fine specimen of the early English style of Gothic archi- tecture with an open timbered ceiling handsomely fin- ished, a tower, porch and all the leading characteristics of the old English Parish Church. The design was pre- pared by W. Russell West, Esq., Architect, and the en- graving here given is copied from a picture of the build- ing in the Western Art Union, Cincinnati.
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SACSVENOK O. THIGH? SON.
CHRIST CHURCH. MADISON.
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TOPOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS.
Among the manufactories are Lewis & Crawford's and Farnsworth and Honore's foundries and machine shops, Gregg's oil mill, Whitney & Hendricks's oil mill and woollen factory, King and Ely's cotton factory, Heber- hart's, for candles, Lane's, for lard oil, and Page, White & Griffin's large and convenient steam flouring mills.
There are more brick houses, and the dwelling houses in Madison are better in quality, in proportion to their number, than in any other town in the State, and the cost of their construction is, in general, cheaper than in other parts of the State. A fine hotel, to cost over $30,000, is now building by a company, to atone, in some measure, for the deficiency in this respect heretofore. Madison is situated in latitude 38 deg. 46 min. north, and in longitude S deg. 20 min. west. It is eighty-six miles south-east of Indianapolis, fifty, by the river, above Lou- isville, and ninety below Cincinnati.
MADISON, a southern township in Jefferson county, in- cluding the above.
MADISON, a northern township in Montgomery county, population 520.
MADISON, a north-east township in Morgan county, population 950.
MADISON, an interior township in Pike county, popula- tion 570.
MADISON, a western township in Putnam county, six miles square.
MADISON, a township in Tipton county.
MAGINICA'S CREEK, a fine mill stream in Huntington county.
MANCHESTER, an interior township in Dearborn coun- ty, population 2,700.
MANCHESTER, a beautiful country village in Dearborn county, nine miles north-west of Lawrenceburgh.
MANCHESTER, a small town on Eel river, Wabash county, twelve miles north of Lagro.
MANHATTAN, a small town on the National road in Putnam county, eight miles south-west of Greencastle, population 150.
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MANILLA, a small town in Walker township, Rush county.
MANITOU, a small lake in Fulton county, covering sev- eral hundred acres. It lies one mile east of Rochester.
MARCELLUS, a small town in Union township, Rush county.
MARIA CREEK, a mill stream in Sullivan county, runs south-west into Knox, and falls into the Wabash eight miles above Vincennes.
MARION COUNTY, in the centre of the State of Indiana, named in honor of Gen. Francis Marion, was organized in 1822. . It is bounded north by Boone and Hamilton, east by Hancock and Shelby, south by Johnson and Morgan, and west by Hendricks, and being just twenty miles square, it contains 400 square miles. It is divided into nine civil townships, viz: Lawrence, Washington and Pike on the north, Warren, Centre and Wayne through the centre, and Franklin, Perry and Decatur in the south. The population in 1830 was 7,181, in 1840, 16,080, and at this time about 24,000. In the north part of the county, near White river, Fall creek and Eagle creek, is a rolling country, beautifully diversified with hills, and a small portion of the south-west of the county is of the same description; but the residue, with few ex- ceptions, appears to be almost level, though when accu- rate surveys are made, as they have been on the Railroad lines, there is found to be a considerable ascent from the river and creeks. As farms are improved, also, they usually become dry, in most seasons, with very little draining. One-third of the county, at least, is a kind of second bottom. It was originally covered with large sugar tree, walnut, ash, white and burr oak, beech and a few poplar, without underbrush, and thickly matted with wild grass. The soil, here, is black loam, clay and sand, intermixed and based on lime-stone gravel, four or five feet beneath the surface. This kind of land lies next to the streams, is easily farmed and is very productive in corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, vines and fruit, and, in fact, all the articles usually raised in the climate. Further
RESIDENCE OF A. W. MORRIS, ESQ, INDIANAPOLIS.
GROSVENOR & THUMPSOM.
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TOPOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS.
back from the streams, the timber is of a poorer quality, and the soil is a black muck, based on clay, which though at first not well adapted to corn, yet becomes so in most seasons, and is especially favorable for grass, and appears to improve the longer it is cultivated.
The agricultural products of the county are abundant, and the surplus products exported, consisting of corn, wheat, flour, pork, beef, live hogs, horses and mules, are estimated to be worth about $300,000 annually; yet the farming capabilities are as yet very far from being ascer- tained.
There are in the county twelve grist mills, twenty saw mills, three woollen and one cotton factory, besides va- rious manufacturing establishments in Indianapolis, which see. Two printing offices, issuing weekly newspapers, were established here as early as 1822 and 1823, the one by Smith & Bolton, the other by Gregg & Maguire; the former was the predecessor of the Sentinel, and the lat- ter of the Journal. N. Bolton, of the one firm, is now the Register of the Land Office, and D. Maguire, of the other, is the Auditor of Public Accounts. Both these gentlemen stand high among their political friends and the public generally. There are two other printing offices in Indianapolis, with one of which the veteran printer, John Douglass, is still connected.
There is so rapid an increase of manufacturing opera- tions at Indianapolis, that by the time our book is pub- lished, the sketch will be very imperfect. As soon as the Terre Haute Railroad brings coal here, the increase of manufactures, population and business must be still more rapid. There are also about 100 stores, 100 school houses, in which schools are kept up a portion of the year, forty lawyers, fifty physicians, forty preachers and thirty-six churches, of which the Methodists are most numerous; then follow Baptists, Christians, Presbyterians, Lutherans, Friends, Episcopalians, Catholics, Seceders, Universalists, &c. For the public institutions, &c., see the First Part of the Book. The taxable land in the county is 246,127 acres.
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The "State Sentinel" Building .- The accompanying engraving is a representation of the State Sentinel Office, taken from the north-west. It is copied from a Daguer- reotype picture by Dr. MUNSELL, of Indianapolis. It is not a perfect engraving from the Daguerreotype; but the errors are not material.
The building is of brick, twenty-seven' feet front by fifty in length, and two stories of eleven and ten feet. It is situate so as to have the spare space of the lot on each side, for the purpose of light, leaving two alleys of over four feet in width on each side. The lower story contains the Press, Business and Editors' rooms; the Paper and Wash rooms being in a building in the rear. The second story is one room entire, lighted by a large Dome Light, besides the windows, and makes one of the most pleasant, perfect and convenient composing rooms in the country. It is built of brick, with heavy walls, having a cellar of seven feet in the clear under the whole. At the time of its erection, in 1844, there could hardly be found a building in the city unoccupied, proper for such an office; and it was by dint of persevering indus- try that the enterprising proprietors, Messrs. CHAPMANS, were enabled to supercede the old log cabin originally occupying the site, by so fine a building. Owing to the contiguity and inflammable nature of the wooden build- ings on " Main" street at that time, in every eligible ob- tainable situation, they concluded to build on Illinois street, about half a square north of Washington street. The situation is exceedingly pleasant and eligible, espe- cially for their business.
The history of the State Sentinel is too familiar to the people of the State of Indiana, to require comment here. We will only remark that it was established in 1841, having superceded the Indiana Democrat, which estab- lishment was purchased by the proprietors of the Senti- nel. In 1842 it commenced the publication of the first daily paper ever published in Indianapolis. It is now, however, published only Semi-weekly (Tri-weekly during the session of the Legislature,) and Weekly, each edition
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STATE SENTINEL BUILDING, INDIANAPOLIS."
INDIANA
JOURNAL BUILDINGS.
INDIANAPOLIS - BOOK BINDERY.
POST OFFICE
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on a mammoth sheet. It is in a prosperous condition, having a large circulation.
The establishment, in point of material, is one of the most extensive in the west, and has turned out work which will favorably compare with that of any of the eastern States. Its execution of Blackford's Reports is said to be unsurpassed; and its character for doing fine work, generally conceded, is good testimony to the skill of its enterprising conductors.
The firm now consists of GEORGE A. CHAPMAN, JACOB P. CHAPMAN and JOHN S. SPANN.
The Office from which the Indiana State Journal is issued, was established in Indianapolis more than twenty- six years ago, when the surrounding country was an almost unbroken wilderness. The paper originally pub- lished at the office was called the " Western Censor and Emigrants' Guide," the first number of which was issued in the early part of March, 1823, and was conducted by Douglass Maguire, with the occasional assistance of Harvey Gregg, a partner in the office, until the removal of the Seat of Government of the State, in January, 1825. At this time the paper was enlarged to a super- royal size, called the " Indianu Journal," and continued by Douglass & Maguire, (with a brief interval as to one of them,) up to October 13, 1835, when Mr. Maguire sold his interest to S. V. B. Noel, by whom and Mr. Douglass it was published until 1843, when Mr. Noel became the sole proprietor. In March, 1845, Mr. Noel retired from the establishment, since which time it has been under the control of John D. Defrees, the present proprietor.
The increased circulation of the Journal, and the de- mand for job work, have been such as to require large additions to the materials of the office. It is now one of the most complete establishments in the western country, having one of Taylor's Improved Steam Cylinder Presses, two hand presses, and a great variety of type.
The books and pamphlets printed at this establishment
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will compare favorably, for neatness of execution, with those issued from any other press in the west.
Attached to the Journal Office is an extensive Blank Book Manufactory, at which books are bound in good style, and blank books of every description required by County Officers, Banks and Merchants, promptly fur- nished to order.
MARION, a southern township in Allen county, popula- tion 750.
MARION, a north-east township in Boone county, pop- ulation 920.
MARION, a south-east township in Decatur county, population 1,750.
MARION, the Seat of Justice of Grant county, is a flourishing and well situated town on the west bank of the Mississinewa, containing a population of 700. It was first settled in 1831, by David Bronson and Martin Boots. It is sixty-eight miles north north-east of Indian- apolis, forty-eight south-west of Fort Wayne, twenty- seven south-east of Peru, and twenty south of Wabash.
MARION, a western township in Hendricks county, population 1,640.
MARION, a south-west township in Jennings county, population 800.
MARION, a western township in Owen county, first set- tled in 1827, by Z. Landreth, N. Biby and H. Stogsdon, contains thirty-six square miles, population 700.
MARION, an eastern township in Putnam county, six miles square.
MARION, a small town in Shelby county, four miles north of Shelbyville.
MARK CREEK, a small stream in Rush county.
MARRS, a south-east township in Posey county.
MARSHALL COUNTY, named in honor of Chief Justice Marshall, was organized in 1836. It is bounded north by St. Joseph, east by Elkhart and Kosciusko, south by Fulton and west by Stark, which is as yet unorganized, and is attached to Marshall for judicial and election pur-
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poses. Marshall county is twenty one miles square, and contains 441 square miles. The civil townships are Centre, Union, Green, Tippecanoe, Polk, German, Bour- bon and North. The population in 1840 was 1,651, at this time it amounts to about 5,000. The surface of the country is generally level, though there are places in which it may be called rolling. About one-half the county is timbered land, the other half is oak openings, or barrens, interspersed with wet and dry prairies, which are mostly of a small size, and in their vicinity are several small, beautiful lakes. The soil, in the timbered land, is generally of the richest description, as it is also in the prairies. In the barrens it is thinner, yet more than half of them are well adapted to wheat, oats and vines, and when farmed for some years, they seem to improve in quality. Seven hundred scholars are reported as attend- ing the common schools. There are in the county three grist mills, eight saw mills, one forge, which turns out two tons of iron a week, eight stores, two groceries, five lawyers, six physicians, six preachers, and rather a small proportion of mechanics. Inexhaustible beds of iron ore, and of a good quality, are found, and there is much water power which may yet be improved to advantage. The large amount of non-resident lands has hitherto re- tarded improvements, but Marshall will, at no distant day, become one of the best counties in the State.
The taxable land amounts to 181,154 acres; about 70,000 acres still belong to the United States.
MARTIN COUNTY, named in honor of the late Major Martin, of Newport, Kentucky, a hospitable and patriotic citizen, was organized in 1820. It is bounded north by Greene, east by Lawrence and Orange, south by Dubois, and west by Daviess. It is about twenty-six miles in length by thirteen in breadth, and contains 340 sqaure miles. The civil townships are, Baker, McCammon, Brown, Micheltree, Halbert, Perry, Rutherford and Co- lumbia. The population in 1830 was 2,010, in 1840, 3,875, and at this time about 5,000. The face of the country is generally hilly, and the soil various in quality, 21
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