USA > Indiana > Vermillion County > The people's guide; a business, political and religious directory of Vermillion Co., Ind., together with a collection of very important documents and statistics connected with our moral, political and scientific history; also, A historical sketch of Vermillion County > Part 23
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23
ARTICLE XII.
It shall be the duty of the Gate Keeper to see that the gates are properly guarded.
ARTICLE XIII.
All elections shall be by ballot, and a majority vote elects.
ARTICLE XIV.
All Committees, unless otherwise ordered, shall consist of three members, and shall be appointed as follows: two mem- bers by the Master and one by the Overseer.
ARTICLE XV.
At the regular annual meeting a Committee on Finance shall be appointed, whose duty it shall be to audit all accounts pre- vious to their being paid. To them shall be referred the reports of the Secretary and Treasurer for examination.
384
PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY.
ARTICLE XVI.
At the first annual meeting six members shall be elected by ballot, three of whom shall hold their office for two years, and three for one year, their several terms of service to be deter- mined by lot; and at each annual session thereafter, there shall be chosen three members of said committee who shall take the place of the retiring members. The duties of this committee shall be confined to business, and in the recess of the Grange they may suggest or adopt such regulations as may seem neces- sary and expedient for the welfare of the Order.
ARTICLE XVII.
The annual year of this and Subordinate Granges shall com- mence on the Ist day of January and end on the last day of December of each year.
ARTICLE XVIII.
The Secretary shall see that the quarterly dues of Subordinate Granges are promptly paid, and in case the dues remain delin- quent two quarters, the delinquent Grange shall be reported to the Master of the State Grange. On receiving such notice it shall be the duty of the Master to warn the delinquent Grange, and if the dues are not forwarded in thirty days it shall be the duty of the Master to revoke the charter of the delinquent Grange.
ARTICLE XIX. .
Any Grange whose charter has thus been revoked may appeal to the State Grange at any regular meeting asking for reinstate- ment, and the State Grange shall have power to reinstate such Grange, subject to such penalty as may seem just.
385
CONSTITUTION OF THE INDIANA STATE GRANGE.
ARTICLE XX.
In case a member of a Subordinate Grange wishes to transfer his or her membership to another Subordinate Grange, or with- draw his or her membership altogether, it may be done by a vote of the Grange of which he or she is a member, when, upon the payment of all dues, the Master and Secretary of the Grange shall give him or her a certificate that he or she is a member in good standing, and that in accordance with his or her wishes, the membership with that Grange has been dissolved. When ap- plying for membership in any other Subordinate Grange this certificate shall entitle him or her to be received therein upon a majority vote, without any further action on the part of the Grange to which he or she may unite. Such members, can, however, be expelled for cause, the same as any other member.
ARTICLE XXI.
There shall be appointed by the Master of the State Grange a sufficient number of Deputies, who are Masters or Past Mas- ters, whose duty it shall be to organize new Granges, on appli- cation having been made to them by those desiring such an or- ganization; to install officers of Granges when the same have been elected, and shall be vigilant that no disorder shall obtain in Granges under their jurisdiction, and shall promptly report any such disorder to the Master. The jurisdiction of a Deputy shall be limited to the county in which he resides, except by special permit. Deputies shall receive, for organizing new Granges, their traveling expenses and five dollars additional for each day's service actually necessary for the work. The Depu- ties shall be appointed for two years, but shall be subject to re-
25
386
PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY.
moval for cause by the Master. No other Granges shall hereafter be recognized except those organized by Deputies appointed as herein specified, excepting only the Master and Secretary of this Grange.
ARTICLE XXII.
This Constitution may be amended or revised at any regular meeting of the Grange, by a vote of two-thirds of the members present.
THE HORSE.
SIGNS OF DISEASE IN THE HORSE.
The horse being unable to describe to us his feelings, and tell us the seat of his pain, we are compelled to rely on such signs and symptoms as we can discover, by various means, to deter- mine the nature of his ailments. A few of the more common symptoms, or signs of disease, will now be considered. But to determine exactly the character of any particular case of dis- ease, the combination of symptoms present will have to be considered. In this article, however, important landmarks are presented which may be very useful in guiding to correct con- clusions.
The Pulse .- The pulse of a medium-sized healthy horse beats about forty per minute. The pulse of a small horse may be a few more, or, of a larger one, a beat or two less. Age de- creases the pulse slightly. Any considerable increase of the pulse over forty per minute indicates fever or inflammation, and other symptoms must be looked for to determine the particular locality of the disease. When great weakness ensues, the pulse becomes fluttering.
The Membrane of the Nose .- This, in health, is of a light pink color. In fever and inflammation it is red. If of the lungs or air-passages, it is more deeply colored, and specked with brown mucus. In the very last stage of most diseases,
388
THE HORSE.
when death is about taking place, the membrane of the nose becomes of a dark, leaden or livid color. In glanders it is of a light blue and reddish color, with specks of ulceration over it. In scarlet fever it is covered with scarlet spots.
The Ears, in disease, lose their erectness and quickness of motion, and become dull, loose and fallen ; falling forward if the head is down, and backward if it is raised, in all diseases affect- ing the system generally. The ears are cold in inflammation of the lungs and pleurisy ; slightly so in other diseases, as colic, etc.
The Eyes .- Weeping of the eyes is observed in colds, stran- gles, catarrhal fever, and glanders. When the eyes become glassy in the advanced stage of disease, it indicates that death is about to take place.
The Mouth is hot in fevers and inflammations. The mouth and tongue are clammy and offensive in severe fevers.
The Breathing .- The breathing is rapid in fevers; laborious in inflammation of the lungs ; laborious, short and catching in pleurisy, and difficult in thick-wind. The nostrils are much spread in inflammation of the lungs and pleurisy. The breath is hot. Deep, snoring breathing indicates disease of the brain.
The Feet .- Coldness of the feet indicates inflammation of im- portant internal organs, as the lungs, pleura, bowels, bladder, etc. Heat and tenderness of the feet occur in founder.
The Hair .- The hair is dry and staring in farcy, glanders, in- digestion, hide-bound from any cause, worms, mange, consump- tion, surfeit, all diseases of the skin, and starvation. The hair comes out in patches in mange, and in spots in surfeit.
The Skin .- Heat of the skin is one of the principal signs of
,
389
THE HORSE.
external local inflammation ; it also shows the presence of some fevers of a general character. A yellowness about the mouth, eyes and nose, shows jaundice or inflammation of the liver. Redness of the skin of the heels is a forerunner of grease or scratches. Dryness and huskiness of the skin and hair indicate constitutional derangement, either of a chronic character, or, it may be, some acute disease already present, or just coming on, as pleurisy or inflammation of the lungs, in which the skin of the legs is cool or cold throughout.
The Dung .- The appearance of the horse's dung shows the condition of his digestion. The dung very offensive, like that of the hog or human, indicates a want of action in the absorb- ent vessels of the bowels, which is a form of indigestion. The dung-balls are slimy in glanders, farcy, and worms.
The Water .- The urine of the horse undergoes very great changes of quantity, color and thickness, when the animal is in perfect health. Stopping of urine, or, when it passes only a little at a time, and that attended with great straining, indicates stricture, inflammation of the kidneys or bladder, or stone in the bladder. Diabetes is told by the composition of the urine and the quantity ; bloody water by its being mixed with blood.
The Flanks heave in inflammation of lungs, pleura and bow- els. They are tucked up in glanders, farcy, indigestion, jaun- dice, and other diseases in which indigestion is impaired. A kernel will be felt in the inside of the loose skin of the flank, in the groin, in mange. The flanks throb in thumps.
Drooping of the Head is a sign present in a great variety of diseases and of opposite characters. When it is observed, other symptoms should be looked for. It is most marked and perfect in diseases of the brain.
390
THE HORSE.
Lying Down .- In flatulent colic the horse lies down carefully, rolls and tries to keep on his back. He then gets up quick. In spasmodic colic he lies down quick, rolls over quickly several times, and gets up, or he may only rise on his hips and sit for awhile, and then roll again, or get up. In inflammation of the bowels he lies down carefully, and lies stretched out, and paws or strikes with his fore-feet.
Standing Still .- In locked-jaw the horse stands wide, and fixed as a statue. In inflammation of the lungs he stands with the head inclining and his fore-feet forward; and does not want to move; and if he lies down, he gets up instantly. In pleurisy the same way, but may lie down for a little time.
Pointing with the Nose .- The horse points with his nose to the flanks, in inflammation of the bowels and colic; and turns his neck carefully and looks at his side, but does not put his nose to the body, in pleurisy. In inflammation of the foot or acute founder he points his nose to the feet.
Pointing the Fore-foot indicates atrophy of the muscles of the shoulder, called sweeny. Pointing first one and then the other, is a symptom of chest-founder, or rheumatism. Dragging the fore-foot shows dislocation of the shoulder-joint.
Staggering, in most diseases, as colic for example, indicates approaching death. It is a symptom of hysterics, palsy, and poisoning with narcotics.
Straddling is a symptom of inflammation of the kidneys, blad- der, and strain of the back.
Stiffness in Walking occurs in big-head, farcy, founder, lung fever, pleurisy, hysterics, and rheumatism.
Twitching of the skin on the side occurs in pleurisy.
391
THE HORSE.
Delirium occurs in inflammation of the brain, vertigo, apo- plexd and stomach staggers.
Drying up of the Perspiration, or sweat, very suddenly, when the horse is being driven or worked, is an indication that he is about taking pleurisy or inflammation of the lungs, or some other severe form of inflammation.
NICKING.
This operation consists in dividing or cutting the muscles whose office it is to draw down or depress the tail. The object of the operation is to cause the horse to carry his tail in a raised position. An angle of elevation of about forty-five degrees is generally aimed at.
We are not sure that good taste, Christianity, and humanity, are not all violated in thus mutilating the horse. We are sure his comfort is much diminished.
The instruments necessary to perform the operation of nick- ing are, a nicking-knife, or a narrow-bladed knife, rounded on the edge from the heel to within half an inch from the point ; the pulleys, which are to be arranged in the horse's stall; a twitch for the nose and a collar around the neck, to which two ropes are tied, and one of these extended back to the pastern of each hind-leg. The horse being thus manacled, an assistant holds the head and another the tail. The operator then passes the knife through the skin at the side of the tail, as near the root of the tail as possible, so that the back of the knife rests against the lower side of the tail-bone. The knife having been introduced far enough to pass the muscles of that side, by a sawing motion of the knife the muscles are cut, which may be known by the edge of the knife reaching the skin. The mus-
392
THE HORSE.
cles of the other side of the tail are then to be cut in the same way.
The same operation is then performed about an inch and a half or two inches back on the tail, and then again about the same distance from that place, so that the under muscles of the tail are cut three times. Only two cuts are sometimes made. The horse is then ready for the pulleys. The tail will have to be kept raised by the pulleys three weeks or a month. He should be taken out a little time every four or five days. Light feed should be given. The best pulley is to be put on a collar. Make a tail-set of light wood, and place it on the rump, with a groove for the tail and a pulley to the collar.
DOCKING.
Docking, or amputation of the tail, should be performed in the following manner: The horse is cast; the place it is de- sired to take the tail off is selected, a joint is found, and about half an inch below it, by one sweep of the knife, the skin of the tail is cut; the skin is then forcibly drawn back until the joint is in view ; the knife is then passed squarely through the joint, and the tail is off. There are two arteries which may have to be tied. The forceps and silk should be on hand for this pur- pose, or they may be smeared with a hot iron, to stop the bleed- ing. The skin is then drawn down over the end of the bone, and two or three stitches passed through it to close the wound. Cold-water dressing, or a little tincture of aloes and myrrh, is all that will be needed.
FOALING.
As a general rule, the mare requires no assistance from man in this condition. But it may happen that the foal fails to come
393
THE HORSE.
in the proper way, which is with the head forward, and becomes so entangled that the life of the foal or the dam may be endan- gered. When this is the case, a stout man with some skill and good nerve may, by persevering effort, gently and firmly, so change the position of the foal as to enable the efforts of the mare to expel it. If it is impossible to so change the foal as to bring the head down properly, the operator may pass the hand up so as to get hold of both hind-feet, and bring them down so that the foal may come rump foremost. It may require consid- erable force to turn the foal, but there is no danger in it if it is patiently applied ; but the parts already born should never be caught hold of for the purpose of pulling the foal away. The dam may be ruined by such meddling.
Taking the Foal Away .- Sometimes the foal is so large that it can not be born. In such case, if it is evident the life of the dam will be lost by longer waiting, the hand may be passed up until it rests under the fore-leg of the foal, an open knife having been carefully held in the hand, and then the leg of the foal carefully separated from its body by the knife. In this opera- tion great care must be taken not to injure or cut the parts of the dam which closely infold the colt. If necessary, other parts of the foal may be similarly removed.
Taking away the Placenta .- Occasionally the mare does not clean in a proper time. This may cause inflammation. If in- flammation is threatened, the placenta should be taken away. This may be done by passing the hand, well greased, far up and beyond the parts to be taken away, and then grasping them and bringing them out with the hand.
Rupture in Foaling .- Sometimes the parts which lie between
394
THE HORSE.
the fundament and bearing are torn in foaling, so that both openings are united. Some good may be done, in such a case, by stitching up the wound with a fine, curved, surgeon's needle and fine surgeon's silk, then keeping the patient's bowels loose. The prospects are not very favorable to a cure.
WINTER RULES.
Never go to bed with cold or damp feet; but always toast them by a fire for some ten or fifteen minutes before going to bed.
Be very careful never to sleep with the head or chest exposed to the draft of an open window or door.
Have enough covering on the bed to feel comfortably warm, with rather more over the feet and lower part of the legs. It is also a good rule to have some extra covering on hand, where it can be easily reached, in case of a sudden change to colder weather during the night.
When going from a warm atmosphere into a colder one, keep the mouth closed, so that the air may be warmed by its passage through the nose, ere it reaches the lungs. A neglect of this matter, by suddenly chilling the air vessels, has caused pleurisy, inflammation of the lungs, etc.
Never stand still in cold weather, especially after having taken even a slight degree of exercise. And always avoid standing upon ice or snow, or where the person is exposed to a cold wind. Keep moving all the time.
After exercise of any kind, and however slight it may be, never ride in an open carriage, nor near the open window of a car or other vehicle for a moment ; it is dangerous to health and even life.
396
WINTER RULES.
On commencing a journey, always wear an old boot or shoe at first.
India rubbers should never be worn, only to protect the feet from wet. When worn too much they dispose to colds, coughs, rheumatism, etc.
When traveling in the face of an extremely cold wind, wear a handkerchief over the nose and mouth, so as to avoid the chill- ing influence of the cold upon the lungs.
Merely warm the back by a fire or stove, and never continue keeping the back exposed to the heat, after it has been comfort- ably warmed. To do otherwise is debilitating.
Never begin a journey until the breakfast has been eaten.
When hoarse, speak as little as possible until it is recovered from, else the voice may be permanently lost, or difficulties of the throat be produced.
RECIPES.
GOLDEN OIL.
I pint linseed oil, I drachm oil organum, I drachm oil cedar, I drachm oil sassafras, I drachm oil hemlock, I drachm oil pep- permint, I drachm tincture laudanum, 4 drachms gum cam- phor.
MUTTON BROTH.
Take three pounds of the scrag-end of a fresh neck of mut- ton, cut it into several pieces, wash them in cold water, and put them into a stew-pan with two quarts of cold spring-water ; place the stew-pan on the fire to boil; skim well and add a couple of turnips cut into slices, a few branches of parsley, a sprig of green thyme, and a little salt. When it has boiled gently by the side of the stove for an hour and a half, skim off the fat from the surface, and then let it be strained through a lawn sieve into a basin and kept for use.
BEEF TEA.
Take two pounds of the lean part of the gravy piece of beef, and carefully pare away every particle of fat, skin or sinew; cut this into small square pieces the size of a nut; put the beef into a stew-pan capable of containing two quarts, and pour three pints of boiling water upon it. Add a little salt, put it on the stove fire, and as soon as it boils skim it and then remove it to the side of the stove to continue boiling gently for an hour, after which it should be strained through a napkin for use.
398
RECIPES.
PECTORAL CHICKEN BROTH.
Cut up a young fowl into several pieces ; put it into a stew- pan with three pints of spring water ; set it on the stove fire to boil; skim well, and add a little salt. Take two tablespoonsful of pearl barley, wash it in several waters, and add to it the broth, together with one ounce of marsh-mallow roots cut into shreds for the purpose of better extracting its healing properties. The broth should then boil one hour, and be passed through a napkin into a basin, to be kept ready for use.
TO CURE GAPES IN CHICKENS.
I. Rub up some black pepper and butter, and make the fowls swallow it; for a hen a teaspoon half full is a dose; chick- ens in proportion. Repeat the dose every day or two.
2. Give small crumbs of dough well saturated with soft soap; once or twice is enough.
3. Gapes may be prevented as well as cured, if it has not gone too far, by mixing assafœtida with the food of chickens. Four ounces, costing about thirty cents, will do for four hundred chickens per day.
FOR HORSE DISTEMPER.
Take of flour of sulphur two parts, saltpetre one part ; mix. Give two table-spoonsful twice a day until the symptoms are better. Also put a lump of lard in each ear, about the size of a hickory nut.
Mr. Edward F. Morgan, Elgin county, C. W., a very promi- nent farmer, has repeatedly tried this remedy, and says that it is the best thing he ever tried to relieve horses attacked with this troublesome disease.
RECIPES.
399
TO REMOVE COCKROACHES.
Place cucumber-rinds in plenty around their haunts, renewing them every week or two.
TO DRIVE AWAY FLIES.
I. Dip a bunch of plantain or fleawort in milk, and hang it up in the room, and the flies will leave.
2. Mix together a teaspoonful of ground black pepper, a teaspoonful of brown sugar, and two teaspoonful of milk. Place it on a plate where the flies are most troublesome.
3. Take half an ounce, each, of sugar and quassia in coarse powder, place them in a cup, and add a pint of boiling water.
,
INDEX.
PAGE.
Declaration of Independence. 3
Constitution of the United States. 9
Constitution of Indiana 26
Emancipation Proclamation. 54
Political Platforms. 56
Baxter Liquor Law 85
Geological Items. 93
Philosophy 104
Sketches of Astronomy. 106
Pay of Government Officers
114
Religious.
115
Population of States and Territories 117
Population of Principal Cities. 117
Male Inhabitants. 118
Vote of Each State. 119
Population of Indiana by Counties. 120
Population of Indiana Towns 121
Sabbath Schools
125
Recipes 127 397
Historical Sketch of Vermillion County 131
Exhibit of Receipts and Expenditures. 161
Clinton Township 165
Helt Township. 213
Vermillion Township. 265
298
Highland Township
Eugene Township. 331
Articles of Confederation 363 Constitutional Amendments. 379
Homestead Law. 379
Constitution Patrons of Husbandry. 381
The Horse 387
Winter Rules.
395
NOV 18 1981
مـ
-4
مبو
北美小
طـ
محمـ
عربيجديد
முன்
. 44
ويسدد .
44
.
卡片
بـ
سوجم
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.