USA > Kansas > Wyandotte County > History of Wyandotte County, Kansas, and its people, Vol. I > Part 23
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BORDER RUFFIANS AT WORK.
"While we were there the Law and Order Party (border ruffians) threw Mark Delahay's press into the Missonri river. This took place, if I am not mistaken, on December 22nd. After several days Keller and myself received orders to go to Wyandotte. In passing through Leavenworth we bonght a bottle of whiskey, thinking if we, had to stay all night with an Indian it might modify our hotel bill. We did stop with an Indian by the name of Joe Armstrong who kept the stage stand. After Keller and myself had fed the mules we plaeed the whiskey on the mantel. Keller started to hand me the whiskey, and I said to him to pass it to the landlord first. When he offered it to Armstrong, he motioned it away and said he did not drink the stuff. We paid a reason- able bill the next morning and headed for Wyandotte. As we passed along, I threw the bottle of whiskey against a tree. Keller said the whiskey cost ten cents and what did I want to do that for. I said the price of the whiskey was not lost ; that the Indian had taught us a good lesson.
"When we arrived at Wyandotte, December 27th, it was midwinter, the snow being two feet deep. Colonel Manners paid Keller and my- self and discharged us. We were the only ones that had started out in the party that were in at the finish."
CHAPTER XVIII.
KANSAS IN THE REBELLION.
THE FIRST INFANTRY REGIMENT-AT THE BATTLE OF WILSON'S CREEK-A FAMOUS CAVALRY REGIMENT-THE FIFTH KANSAS CAVALRY- THE EIGHTH INFANTRY-NINTHI KANSAS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY-A CON- SOLIDATION OF KANSAS REGIMENTS-YOUNG TOM EWING'S REGIMENT- THE TWELFTH INFANTRY-FOURTEENTH INFANTRY-ONE HUNDRED DAY MEN-THE NEGRO REGIMENTS-THE THIRD BATTERY-THE RECORD OF KANSAS.
Kansas as a state was not three months old when Fort Sumter was fired upon. In the seven years of territorial existence the conflict be- tween the Free State forces and the adherents of the slave power had been waging. Kansas had been won for freedom, but the end was not vet. The conflict on Kansas soil was only the prelude to the mighty military conflict in which for four years the fate of the republic was in abeyance, the United States government and the states adhering to it on the one side and the Confederate States government on the other. Kansas, infant state that it was, entered the renewed contest as with the strength of years. The military organizations that existed in the pre- ceding years for the protection of the people during the turbulent times had been broken up. There was no state militia, no arms or supplies. Yet, with no bounties offered. no hope of reward other than that which comes to the citizen through the discharge of patriotic service, the Kan- sans rallied to the support of the Union and fought with unswerving fidelity and a bravery that is not excelled in the annals of war. The first call of the president for 75,000 volunteers, issued April 15, 1861, was answered by 650 Kansas men. Then in April the state legislature took steps for the organization of the militia and, under the administra- tion of Governor Charles Robinson, an army of 180 companies was formed in two divisions, four brigades and eleven regiments. Under the second call, issned in May for 400,000 volunteers, the First and See- ond Regiments of Volunteer Infantry were recruited for the service. At each succeeding demand Kansas responded with regiments of volun- teers. The quota assigned to the entire state was 16,654 men, yet Kan- sas did even better than that. £ It gave to the Union 20,097 volunteer soldiers.
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THE FIRST INFANTRY REGIMENT.
The First Regiment, Kansas Volunteer Infantry, was organized May 8, 1861, rendezvoused at Camp Lincoln, near Fort Leavenworth, and was mustered into the United States service June 3rd, under the following officers : George W. Deitzler, of Lawrence, colonel; Oscar E. Learnard. of Burlington, lieutenant colonel; John A. Halderman, of Leavenworth, major: Edwin S. Nash, of Olathe, adjutant ; George II. Chapin, of Quindaro, quartermaster; George E. Buddington, of Quin- daro, surgeon; Ephraim Nute, of Lawrence, chaplain. The regiment served in Missouri, at Wilson's creek, having seventy-seven men killed and three hundred and thirty-three wounded. After further brave service in the south and southwest, it was mustered out at Fort Leaven- worth June 17, 1864, except two veteran companies which continued in the service until August 30, 1865, after the close of the war.
The Second Regiment, Kansas Volunteer Infantry, was recruited in May and June, 1861, rendezvoused at Lawrence and mustered in June, 30, under the following officers : Robert B. Mitehell, of Mansfield, colonel ; William F. Cloud, of Emporia, major; Edward Thompson, of Lawrence, adjutant ; Shaler W. Eldridge, of Lawrence, quartermaster; Aquilla B. Massey, of Lawrence, surgeon ; Randolph C. Brant, of Lawrence, chap- lain.
AT THE BATTLE OF WILSON'S CREEK.
This regiment also participated in the battle of Wilson's ereek, and its connection with that engagement is peculiarly interesting, historically. Colonel Mitchell, at a most critical juneture, was about to move his regi- ment forward to the aid of the hard-pressed regiments in front. As the regiment was moving to its position, General Lyon, already bleeding from two wounds, joined Colonel Mitchell at the head of the column, and, swinging his hat in the air, called upon the soldiers to prepare for a bayonet charge on the enemy. The Second had scarcely time to rally around him, when their own brave leader, Colonel Mitchell, fell severely wounded, exclaiming as he was borne from the field: "For God's sake, support my regiment."
ITis soldiers, deprived of their commander, cried out: "We are ready to follow-who will lead us?"
"I will lead you," answered General Lyon. "Come on, brave men."
The words were hardly uttered before he fell, mortally wounded by a bullet which struck him in the breast.
The command of the Second now devolved upon Lieutenant Colonel Blair. The men sprang forward. the charge was made, the enemy driven quite over the hill, and the command brought back to the brow
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of the hill and reformed. For a time Lieutenant Colonel Blair held his position, with only eight companies of his regiment, and with no field or staff offieer to assist him. Afterward, a seetion of a battery and four companies of the First Kansas were sent to his aid. Three of these companies were soon ordered to another position, and the battery with- drawn, but Colonel Blair, having been rejoined by his own Company, B. and the other regimental officers, held his ground, though totally unsupported and with ammunition nearly spent. Before the rebels had been fairly repulsed, after their last and deadliest assault on the whole line, Major Sturgis, believing the ammunition of the Second exhausted, ordered its withdrawal, but it remained in its old position an hour and a half with unbroken line, and withdrew only after the de- parture of the enemy, being the last regiment to leave the field. It saw other creditable service in Missouri and elsewhere, and was discharged at Leavenworth, with instructions to reorganize, Colonel Mitchell, Lieu- tenant Colonel Blair, Major Cloud and Captain Crawford being re- tained in service.
A FAMOUS CAVALRY REGIMENT.
Wyandotte county had a big share in the organization which proved to be the germ of the Second Kansas Cavalry, destined to become famous in the Civil war. It was effeeted through the labors of Alson C. Davis, of Wyandotte county, who, in October, 1861, obtained anthority from Major General Fremont, then commander of the Western department, to raise a regiment of cavalry in the state of Kansas, sueh regiment to be designated the Twelfth Kansas Volunteers, with place of rendezvous at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. The organization, as commeneed, consisted of the following officers: C. L. Gorton, adjutant ; Julius G. Fisk, quar- termaster; Dr. J. B. Welborne, surgeon. The dates of the organiza- tion of the several companies were as follows: Company A, November 22, 1861; Company B, December 9, 1861; Company C, December 11, 1861 : Company D, December 11, 1861, Company E, December 15, 1861. On December 26th, by order of the governor, Companies F, G, H and I, of Nugent's regiment of Missouri Home Guards, were attached to the organization, and its designation was changed to "Ninth Kansas Volun- teers." On December 31, 1861, Dr. Joseph P. Root was mustered in as surgeon, vice Dr. J. B. Welborne; January 4. 1862, Owen A. Bassett was mustered in as lientenant colonel, Julius G. Fisk as mayor, and Imther II. Wood as quartermaster; January 7th, Thomas B. Eldridge was mustered in as major and Rev. Charles Reynolds as chaplain on the same day, Company K was organized. January 9th, Alson C. Davis was mnstered in as colonel, and Dr. George B. Wood as assistant surgeon, completing the organization of the Ninth Kansas Volunteers as follows: Colonel, Alson C. Davis, of Wyandotte county ; lieutenant-
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colonel, Owen A. Bassett. Douglas county ; major, Julius G. Fisk, Wyan- dotte county ; major, Thomas B. Eldridge, Donglas county ; adjutant, C. L. Gorton, Leavenworth county; quartermaster, Inther H. Wood, Wyandotte county ; surgeon, Dr. Joseph P. Root, Wyandotte county ; chaplain, Rev. Charles Reynolds, Douglas county.
The regiment left Fort Leavenworth on January 20, 1862, with orders to establish winter quarters at Quindaro. On the 4th of Feb- ruary, the four companies formerly attached to Nugent's regiment were mustered out, their enlistment being for home service. Below regula- tion size, Colonel Davis resigned. and Major Eldridge was, at his own request, mustered out. Company K, from this time, was designated as Company F. On February 28. 1862, Major General Hunter, command- ing the department of Kansas, assigned to the Ninth Kansas Volunteers the following officers and companies, formerly belonging to the Second Kansas Volunteer Infantry : Colonel, Robert B. Mitehell; majors, Charles W. Blair and William F. Cloud. John Pratt was appointed adjutant ; Cyrus L. Gorton, quartermaster; Inther HI. Wood, first battal- ion quartermaster. David Mitehell assumed command of the Ninth Kansas, and on the 12th the regiment left winter quarters at Quindaro, and pursuant to orders, moved to Shawneetown. On March 15th the
name of the regiment was changed to Second Kansas Volunteers, and again ehanged on the 27th of the same month to the name by which it was thereafter known-Second Kansas Cavalry. The officers of the regiment were the following: Robert B. Mitchell, colonel, Mansfield; Owen A. Bassett, lieutenant colonel, Lawrence; Charles W. Blair, major, Fort Scott; John Pratt, adjutant, Lawrence; David R. Coleman, battal- ion adjutant, Paris; Cyrus L. Gorton, quartermaster, Leavenworth ; Dr. Joseph P. Root, surgeon, Wyandotte; Charles Reynolds, chaplain, Fort Riley. Colonel Mitehell, having been promoted to brigadier general. April 8, 1862, with command of the proposed New Mexico expedition on JJune 1st. Colonel William F. Cloud, of the Tenth, was assigned to the command of the Second Cavalry. On May 16th. Captain Henry Hopkins, first lieutenant, Robert H. Ilunt, second lieutenant, John K. Rankin and Second Lieutenant Joseph Croeklin, with a detail of privates, were assigned to Hopkins' (formerly Hollis- ter's) Battery, and were ordered, with the brigade of General Mitehell. to Tennessee. Major Julins G. Fisk, with squadrons A and D, was ordered to New Mexico. The regiment served in the southwest prin- eipally, going by way of Fort Riley. In March, 1864, the Second was assigned to Lieutenant Colonel Bassett's Cavalry Brigade, under Major Fisk. In September, 1864, Colonel Cloud was assigned to the staff of Major General Curtis. The different companies were mastered ont between March 18 and June 22, 1865, at Little Rock, Fort Leavenworth and Fort Gibson, and the men were paid and discharged at Lawrenee, August 17th.
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HISTORY OF WYANDOTTE COUNTY
THE FIFTH KANSAS CAVALRY.
It was organized in July, 1861, under the following officers : Colonel Hampton P. Johnson, Leavenworth; lieutenant colonel, John Ritchie, Topeka ; major, James H. Summers; adjutant, Stephen R. Harrington, Washington, D. C .; quartermaster, James Davis, Leavenworth ; surgeon, E. B. Johnson, Leavenworth; chaplain, Hugh D. Fisher, Lawrence. Colonel Johnson assumed command of the Fifth at Fort Scott in Angust, 1861, and the regiment served principally in Arkansas. In September, 1864, several companies were mustered out at Leavenworth, Pine Bluff and Little Rock. On June 22, 1862, the re-enlisted veterans of the Fifth were mustered ont at Duvall's BInff, Arkansas.
The Sixth Regiment of Volunteer Cavalry was organized in the spring of 1862, by the reorganization of several "Home Guard" com- panies, then lately mustered out of the service, and officered thus : Colonel, William R. Judson ; lieutenant colonel, Lewis R. Jewell; major, William T. Campbell; adjutant, Isaac Atatten ; quartermaster, Simeon B. Gordon; surgeon, John S. Redfield; chaplain, Richard Duvall-all of Fort Scott. The duties required of the Sixth were not such as to call forth the impetuous daring that marks men in desperate engage- ments, but rather such as test a soldier's endurance and strength of nerve-long and weary pursuits of an enemy over his native country, scouting through the forests and passes of Missouri, Arkansas and Kan- sas-but, such as they were, they had their peculiar perils, and they were bravely met. The regiment was mustered out late in 1864 and early in 1865.
The Seventh Kansas Cavalry was organized October 28, 1861, and mustered into the service of the United States under the following officers : Colonel, Charles R. Jennison, Leavenworth ; lieutenant colonel, Daniel R. Anthony, Leavenworth; major, Thomas P. Herrick, High- land; adjutant, Jolm T. Snoddy, Mound City ; quartermaster, Robert W. Hamer, Leavenworth; surgeon, Joseph L. Weaver, Leavenworth; chaplain, Samnel Avers, Leavenworth. The regiment served in Missouri, Mississippi and Tennessee, and was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth in September, 1865. Lieutenant Colonel Anthony was deprived of his command in Tennessee, June 18, 1862, for issning an offensive order. On July 17th Major Albert T. Lee was promoted to colonel, and assumed command of the regiment. Colonel Lee having been promoted to brigadier general November 29, 1862, the command devolved upon Lieutenant Colonel Herrick. During the Missouri cam- paign of 1864 the regiment was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel F. M. Malone.
THE EIGHTH INFANTRY.
This regiment was originally recruited and intended for home and frontier service. Hostile Indians on the west and armed rebels on the Vol. I-13
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east, rendering Kansas at any moment liable to invasion, a double duty devolved on the young state, and at that period of the war, while for- nishing liberally of her "bone and sinew" to repel the enemy abroad, her own homes and families had also to be considered and protected. As organized in November, 1861, the regiment of six infantry and two cavalry companies, with the following regimental officers: Colonel, Henry W. Wessels, United States army; lieutenant colonel, John A. Martin ; major, Edward F. Schneider; adjutant, S. C. Russell ; quarter- master, E. P. Baneroft. During the three months following this organi- zation various changes were made in the regiment. Some companies were added, some were transferred to other regiments, and some were consolidated. On February 7, 1862, Colonel Wessels was ordered to Washington to assume command of his regiment in the regular army, and Lieutenant Colonel Martin succeeded to his place. Later in the month, the Eighth was consolidated with a battalion raised for New Mexico service; the eavalry companies, D and H, were transferred to the Ninth Kansas, and the Eighth, now an entire infantry regiment, was placed under command of Col. R. H. Graham. The organization of the regiment after these changes was as follows: Colonel, Robert H. Graham, Leavenworth; lieutenant colonel, John A. Martin, Atchison ; major, Edward F. Schneider, Leavenworth ; adjutant, Sheldon C. Rus- sell, Lawrence; quartermaster, E. P. Bancroft, Emporia ; surgeon, J. B. Woodward, Riley county ; chaplain, John Paulson, Topeka.
On May 28th five companies of the regiment-B, E, H, I and K- after being reviewed at Fort Leavenworth, embarked on a Missouri steamer, under orders from General Blunt, then commander of western department, to report at Corinth, Mississippi. At St. Louis. Colonel Graham was obliged to resign his command, in consequence of sickness, and it again devolved upon Lieutenant Colonel Martin. In December, 1862, Colonel Martin was assigned to the command of the brigade, and Major Schneider to that of the regiment. In February, 1863, Com- panies A, C, D, F, and in March, Company G, rejoined the regiment. These companies had been stationed at different posts in Kansas, chiefly employed in repelling the ineursions of rebel bands from Missouri and guarding the frontier of their own state. On January 4, 1864, four- fifths of all the members of the Eighth, then present in camp, re-en- listed as veteran volunteers. On the 9th, General Willich assumed com- mand of the Third division, the command of the First brigade de- volving upon Colonel Martin, and that of the regiment upon Major James M. Graham. Colonel Martin was mustered ont at Pulaski on the 17th of November, his term of service having expired. The follow- ing day Lieutenant Colonel Conover took command of the regiment. The Eighth saw service in east Tennessee, and especially recommended itself to the admiration of the nation by the part it took at Mission Ridge. At the elose of the war it went to Texas, and did not return
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until January, 1866, when it was mustered out at Leavenworth. It was one of the earliest regiments in the field, and its term of service did not close until the echo of the last Confederate gun had died away.
THE NINTH KANSAS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY.
Organized March 27, 1862, the Ninth Cavalry, which did effective work in the west, was under the following officers: Colonel, Edward Lynde, Grasshopper Falls; lieutenant colonel, Charles S. Clark, Iola; major, James M. Pomeroy; adjutant, Luin K. Thacher, Kansas City ; quartermaster, William Rosenthal, Lawrence; surgeon, Henry C. Bostick, Iola; chaplain, Gilbert S. Northrup. The final organization of the Ninth was effected by consolidating and organizing the Iola battalion (raised in southern Kansas) with detachments of the First Battalion Kansas Cavalry, the Third Kansas, and the Eighth Kansas Volunteers. The place of rendezvous for these companies was Fort Leavenworth, where also the regiment was organized, and whence the companies were detached to various posts of duty -- A, on escort duty to Fort Union, New Mexico; B, into the mountains of Colorado, to build Fort Halleck; C, to Fort Riley; G, to Fort Lyon, Colorado, and I, to Fort Laramie. The detachments on the plains were long in defense of overland mail routes, and the protection of immigrants, one detachment proceeding northwest to Montana, the other having its station along the Santa Fe route. The four companies, D, E, F and HI, under Major Bancroft, formed a part of the expedition into the Indian country, and, under Colonel Lynde, were engaged during a part of August, 1862, in pursuing the force of General Coffey through western Missouri. The regiment took part in the desultory warfare which was waged in Kan- sas, Missouri and Arkansas, remaining on duty at Little Rock and Duvall's Bluff until its term of service expired, some of the companies returning to Leavenworth in the fall of 1864, to be mustered out of ser- vice, and some remaining until mustered out in the summer of 1865.
A CONSOLIDATION OF KANSAS REGIMENTS.
On April 3, 1862, the Third and Fourth Kansas regiments, together with a small portion of the Fifth, were, by order of the war depart- ment, consolidated at Paola, Kansas. The regiment formed by such consolidation was designated the Tenth Kansas Infantry, and was at that time organized under the following officers: Colonel, William F. Cloud, Emporia; lieutenant colonel, Henry H. Williams, Osawatomie ; major, Otis B. Gunn; adjutant, Casimio B. Zulaoski, Boston, Massa- chusetts ; surgeon, Mahlon Bailey ; chaplain, John HI. Drummond, Mary- ville. The regiment saw service on the border, and at the expiration of its term was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth.
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The Tenth Kansas Veteran Regiment was composed of four com- panies, the Veterans, with the recruits of Companies F and I, forming the new companies, A and B. The regiment was commanded by Major Henry H. Williams from its organization until the last of August, 1864, when he was placed in charge of Schofield Barracks, St. Louis. The Tenth left St. Louis for Pilot Knob, Missouri, under command of Lieutenant F. A. Smiley, Company D, and on its arrival the command was transferred to Captain George D. Brooke, Company C. On November 7th, the regiment embarked at St. Louis for Paducah, Ken- tucky, and on its arrival at that place Captain William C. Jones, of Company B, took command. November 28th, it arrived at Nashville, and the next day at Columbia, Tennesse, being at the latter place assigned to the Fourth Army Corps, General Stanley commanding. The regiment fell back with the army of General Schofield after the battle of Franklin, and on reaching Nashville was employed on the defense of the city until December 16th, having been in the meantime transferred to the Seventeenth, afterward Sixteenth Army Corps, See- ond Brigade, Second Division. Later it was commanded by Captain (afterward Lieutenant Colonel) Charles S. Hills. It took part in sub- sequent warfare in that field, and acquitted itself heroically on more than one occasion. It was mustered out in Alabama, and, September 20, 1865, received payment and final discharge at Fort Leavenworth.
YOUNG TOM EWING'S REGIMENT.
The Eleventh Kansas Infantry (afterward Calvary) was the result of the energetic and patriot Honorable Thomas Ewing, Jr., at a time when the state felt hardly able to spare even the men it had already in the field. The first recruit enlisted August 8. 1862, and on the 14th of September the last company was mustered in, the line officers as follows: Field and Staff-Colonel, Thomas Ewing, Jr., Leavenworth ; lieutenant colonel, Thomas Moonlight, Leavenworth; major, Preston B. Plumb, Emporia ; adjutant, John Williams, Leavenworth ; quartermas- ter, James R. MeChuire, Junction City ; surgeon, George W. Hogeboom, Leavenworth; chaplain, James S. Cline, Tecumseh. On the promotion of Colonel Ewing to be brigadier general, Lieutenant Colonel Moonlight was promoted to colonel, Major Phimb to lieutenant colonel, and Cap- tain Anderson to major; but the regiment having lost over three hundred men, its number was below the minimum, and they could not muster at that time. On changing the regiment to cavalry, it was again below regulation size, and Major Anderson was the only field officer mustered in until the following spring, when two additional companies having been recruited and mustered in, the organization of the Eleventh Kansas Cavalry was completed by the commission of Lieutenant Colonel Moonlight as colonel, Major Phimb as lieutenant
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colonel, and Captains Ross and Adams as majors. Early in the war the regiment was in Missouri and Arkansas. Later it served under General Ewing in southwest Missouri and Kansas. In 1864 it took part in the campaign against Price; after that in the movements against the Indians. Lieutenant Colonel Plumb succeeded Colonel Moonlight in command. The regiment was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth in the early fall of 1865.
THE TWELFTH INFANTRY.
This regiment of Kansas men was recruited by C. W. Adams, of Lawrence, in the counties of Wyandotte, Johnson, Douglas, Miami, Franklin, Coffey, Allen, Linn and Bourbon. It was mustered into the service at Paola, September 25, 1862, under the following officers : Field and Staff-Colonel, Charles W. Adams, Lawrence ; lieutenant col- onel, Jonas E. IIayes, Olathe; major, Thomas II. Kennedy, Lawrence ; adjutant. Charles J. Lovejoy, Baldwin City ; quartermaster, Andrew J. Shannon, Paola ; surgeon, Thomas Lindsay, Garnett; chaplain, Werter R. Davis, Baldwin City. This regiment served on the frontier, and was mustered out at Little Rock, June 3, 1865.
The Thirteenth Kansas Infantry was raised in conformity to the quota assigned Kansas. under President Lincoln's call of July, 1862, and was recruited by Cyrus Leland. Sr., in the counties of Atehison, Brown, Doniphan, Marshall and Nemaha. The rendezvous was es- tablished at Camp Stanton. "ity of Atchison. the regiment organized September 10, 1862, and mustered into the service of the United States on September 20th of the same year, under the following offieers : Colonel, Thomas M. Bowen, Marysville; lieutenant colonel, John B. Wheeler, Troy; major. Caleb A. Woodworth, Atehison; adjutant, Wil- liam P. Badger; quartermaster, Cyrus Leland; surgeon, William M. Grimes, Atchison ; chaplain, Daniel A. Murdock. The Thirteenth was in the engagement at Prairie Grove, and saw considerable guerrilla warfare. It was mustered out at Little Rock, Arkansas, June 26, 1865.
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