USA > Kentucky > Lewis County > History of Lewis County, Kentucky > Part 17
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attainments, and respectability place him on a place far above the trickster politician who has sought, through legislative enactment, to put out the lamp of knowledge among the masses.
The "commissioner," with his "examiners" scattered over the county and "holding exam- inations on the top of a rail fence," has given away to the superintendent, who must himself possess a first-class certificate, and a Board of three examiners, also possessing certificates of the highest grade, and examinations held at regular intervals at the county seat upon a list of questions on eleven different subjects, pre- pared by the State Board of Education. In these examinations the strictest rules of order are observed, and any attempt at fraud is pun- ished by failure to pass, "for reasons."
The Teachers' Institute is another worthy feature of the common school system, for it brings together all the persons in the county engaged in teaching and places them under the instruction of a normal school graduate. It also gives opportunity to compare experiences, discuss difficulties, and discover means to over- come them. It also brings about a spirit of fraternity which tends to make the teacher feel that teaching is a profession, and, like others, he must have his associations and teachers' meetings to further his interests and advance
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his cause. He must also have his "organ," the School Journal, that he may keep to the front in educational ethics.
All these demands on the teacher require that he keep ever learning, and thus he patron- izes the "Normal Schools" to expand his information and to get better methods of teach- ing.
These conditions make the teachers grow intellectually, and this influence is felt in the schools and disseminated in the community.
The more advanced teachers have felt that some more potent means than persuasion has been needed to reach a certain class of should-be school patrons, and, therefore, they have urged the Legislature to pass some compulsory bill. At last they have been heard, and a mild, but, we hope, effective law has just passed and be- come a law, requiring at least eight weeks at- tendance each year of all children in the school age.
Since 1865 several distinguished gentlemen have held the office of commissioner or super- intendent: Rev. Alfred Harrison, Joseph A. Sparks, E. A. Jones, A. Harvey Parker, Thos. B. Bullock, Prof. W. N. George, Prof. G. E. Dun- bar, and Prof. R. C. Henderson, the present in- cumbent. Each of these gentlemen, as a school officer, has borne well his part and performed
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his duty as he had been given light to see it; but much of the progress in material interest as well as intellectual advancement is due to the untiring effort and progressive spirit of these men, who, with the law as their guide, can square up to their duty without fear or favor. They may have made a few enemies and mistakes in their performance of duty, but their friends are a solid phalanx of the true friends of education.
With the Nation's flag, "Old Glory," float- ing over the schoolhouse, and the young patriots within breathing the free air of heaven as they study the history of the "Declaration" and of Washington, we may well say the common school is the "wealth, strength, and might" of our country, and therein "rests her future glory."
CHAPTER VI
WAR PERIODS: INDIANS -- SOLDIERS OF 1812 AND 1861
-COMPANIES ORGANIZED-OFFICERS-NUMBER OF
ENLISTED MEN-THOSE KILLED IN ACTION-G. A. R. POSTS-MONUMENTS.
WAR OF 1812 .- The War of 1812 produced a great commotion in Lewis County, and the in- herent patriotism of the true Kentuckian mani- fested itself by sending about three-fourths of the men to the Canada battlefields.
MILITIA OF 1832 .- 69th Regiment: John Tolle, colonel; A. D. McDowell, lieutenant-col- onel; James Boyd, judge advocate; Robt. Means, adjutant; John Cutcher, quartermaster; Nesbit Taylor, surgeon; Thos. Lindley, assistant sur- geon; John Walker, color bearer; John C. Barkley, sergeant major; George Saulsberry, fife major; Geo. W. Himes, drum major.
APPOINTMENTS, MAY 19, 1832 .- Thos. J. Walker, captain; Jas. W. Singleton, first lieu- tenant; Joseph Hampton, second lieutenant; Samuel Pollitt, captain; Elijah H. Thomas, captain; Nelson Plummer, lieutenant; John Staggs, ensign; Robt. Jack, captain.
DELEGATES TO CONVENTION .- Hon. S. J. Pugh, 1894.
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INDIANS .- There are no Indian records in Lewis County, except those already told in this History.
There is no record of the names of the soldiers of 1812 Militia.
Lewis County had the 69th Regiment of 7th Brigade Kentucky Militia, 1849. Captain, L. B. Ruggles, R. R. Williams, Amos Means, D. W. Fearis, Joseph Sparks (Kinny).
W. R. McKellup, judge advocate.
Wm. J. Taylor, colonel; and Wm. Carr, lieutenant colonel.
Wm. J. Tully, colonel; and Geo. W. Reeder, major, 1851.
James R. Garland, captain, 1852.
Joshua D. Fitch, captain, 1852.
James P. Stricklett, captain, 1852.
Geo. M. Thomas, sergeant major, 1852.
James M. Lee, sergeant major, 1852.
Robt. T. Voier and Henry Gilespie, ensigns.
Austin Dudley, lieutenant.
John S. Edwards, ensign.
William Fitch, captain.
George Conway, ensign.
John T. Carrington, captain.
Wm. Swearingen, lieutenant.
Moses Ruggles, ensign.
Wm. Boyd, captain. Samuel Hampton, lieutenant.
Wm. Sparks, ensign.
Wm. Wade, captain of Light Infantry.
Wm. Corns, lieutenant of Light Infantry.
Jno. M. Greenlee, ensign Light Infantry.
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MARCH OF 1861:
Company I, 4th Regiment Kentucky Veteran Volun- teer Infantry. James B. Brewer.
Company G, 10th Kentucky Cavalry. Captain Mil- ton Evans.
Company K, 16th Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry. Jas. A. Lee, captain.
Company E, 22d Regiment Kentucky Veteran Vol- unteer Infantry. Alexander Bruce, captain.
Company K, 23d Regiment Kentucky Veteran Vol- unteer Infantry. Ephraim P. Mavity, captain; Thos. M. Hamrick, major.
Company A, 45th Regiment Mounted Infantry. Jos. W. Cottingham, captain.
Company C, 54th Regiment Kentucky Mounted Infantry. Dexter B. Gray, captain; Jas. W. Stewart, first lieutenant.
Besides these companies, organized wholly in the county, there were perhaps a hundred men, belonging to Lewis County, who enlisted in outside organizations.
There were also a company of Confederate troops organized mostly from this county, and commanded by Captain Geo. Seaman, whose family lived on and owned the farm which is now the county infirmary.
The monument in the court-house yard, erected by Lewis County citizens, contains the names of Lewis County soldiers killed in action during the war, as follows: (See page 93.)
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COMPANY I, 4TH REGIMENT KENTUCKY VOLUN- TEERS .- J. Maffeth, T. J. Barard, J. W. Blaunt, J. O. Carter, J. W. Dunning, G. W. Ford, N. R. Bennett, J. H. Falkner, J. E. Fetters, G. H. Himes, H. G. Kauff- man, J. R. Himes, W. E. Himes, W. D. Himes, W. H. Himes, J. Hilterbrand, G. R. Hughes, J. D. Hollenger, H. G. Boyd, C. A. Thompson, J. Witty, G. Kellum, A. Kellum, R. Penrod, W. W. Fry, H. G. Logan.
10TH KENTUCKY CAVALRY .- J. Bryant, T. Hughes, J. S. Holland, Jno. McDaniel, A. Plummer, J. Spurgeon, Alex. Staggs.
COMPANY K, 16TH REGIMENT .- Wm. H. Rowland, Sylvester Blankenship, T. M. Dunnegan, D. Feather- kyle, Wm. R. Wallingford, Harrison Fetters, M. V. Simer, S. Cox, Geo. Fry, F. Roe, S. A. Nolen, G. Red- man, S. Spillman, D. D. Reed, W. H. Knapp, G. W. Smith.
COMPANY E, 22D REGIMENT .- W. C. Stewart, Simon Clark, E. G. Faber, S. L. Winter, Robt. Petitt, R. A. P. Riggs, S. M. Bruce, Jabez Truitt.
COMPANY K, 23D REGIMENT .- Major Thos. H. Ham- rick, Captain E. P. Mavity, D. O. Swearingin, Ambrose Shain, S. T. Ruggles, Hiram Hamlin, John Tearin, E. V. McGinnis, Wm. Parker, Wm. Ruby, G. S. Ginn, J. T. Busby, B. Jones, W. R. Gully.
COMPANY I, 41ST KENTUCKY INFANTRY .- R. S. Davenport, A. B. Burris.
COMPANY A, 45TH REGIMENT .- A. V. Wilson, W. H. Bailey, T. M. Clark, O. S. Crane, T. A. Hicks, Ira Yates, J. Gillespie, J. Sparks, R. T. Walker, H. Hoover.
COMPANY C, 54TH REGIMENT .- M. D. Moore, J. W. Webster, W. D. Spurgin, O. C. Poe, G. W. Hendrickson, S. R. Johnson.
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SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR VETERANS OF 1898-99.
Company M, 3d Regiment Kentucky In- fantry, Captain A. W. Brewer. 117 men.
G. A. R. POSTS
E. P. Mavity Post, Petersville.
Craxton Post, Fearis.
John T. Parker Post, Vanceburg.
No. 57. G. H. Reeder, commander; J. S. Mavity, adjutant.
There are over five hundred pensioners now in Lewis County.
(We discover, as we are about to go to press, that the numbers, commanders, ad- jutants of E. P. Mavity and Craxton Posts have not been submitted to us .- O. G. R.)
CHAPTER VII
PUBLIC ROAD SYSTEM-MACADAMIZED ROADS-ORIGIN- ATORS OF IN THE COUNTY-THE FIRST BUILT- NUMBER NOW IN THE COUNTY, AND LOCATION- COST OF CONSTRUCTION-COUNTY SUBSCRIPTION- - PRESENT ROAD SYSTEM.
IN the beginning the roads were authorized by the County Court, and were "cut out" and worked by overseers and hands living along the route. These roads were first viewed by com- missioners, who reported to the court whether the road was needed, if it could be built over such route, and whose lands it would pass through and whether the owner was willing. If he was not, a jury was summoned and the damages assessed. If the amount was not too much, in the opinion of the court, it was paid and the road ordered opened; but if the court de- cided the allowance of the jury to be "enormous," they quashed the order for the road and let the fellow who wanted damages get to market the best way he could until he became satisfied that a road was necessary.
The following are some of the roads laid out and opened in 1807-8-9. In 1807 a road from Lewis to Mason; from Sutherlains', on Quick's
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Run, to the Ohio River; from Swearingin's mill, on Cabin Creek, to the Salt Lick Road where it crosses to Williamsburg; from Salt Lick to Oharrow's mill; from Gunpowder Gap to Salt Lick, below McDaniel's; from East Fork to Main Cabin Creek; from Wilson's bottom to East Fork; from Swearingin's mill to Mason County line; from the forks of Quick's Run to the head of the same creek; from Sycamore up the river to Salt Lick. In 1808 from Cabin Creek to Tollesboro; from Tollesboro to North Fork. In 1809 a road from Vanceburg, up the river, to Greenup County line.
About the time the county seat had been well established at Clarksburg a road was made across the mountain to Grassy Fork of Kinny- this was probably not till 1819. In 1820 a road up Holly Fork of Kinny to Salt Lick, near Valley. Previous to this a road had been es- tablished from upper Kinny to Spurgeon's mill, on Salt Lick, and in 1819 a road over the moun- tain from Esculapia to some place on North Fork.
Some time before 1812 the State had a system of roads known as State Roads; two of these passed through Lewis County. In 1833 the Legislature passed an Act appropriating the proceeds from the sale of public lands to the aid of these roads. A road from the North Fork,
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by way of Clarksburg and Vanceburg, to the Greenup line, was the recipient of some of these land warrants. John McDaniel, James Hannah, and Pleasant M. Savage were appointed com- missioners to attend to this road. On a State road from Barton Lee's to Concord, Joseph Cox and Samuel Stephenson were appointed com- missioners. Three hundred and fifty dollars worth of land warrants were issued to the former of these roads and one hundred and fifty to the latter.
In 1849 the Legislature, by an Act, author- ized the Esculapia Springs Company to build a turnpike road from Maysville, via Esculapia, to Vanceburg. It is needless to say it was not built.
In 1856 the Legislature passed an Act au- thorizing a "Mud turnpike" to be built from Vanceburg, up Kinny, to Mt. Carmel, or to the county line at North Fork, near William White's residence. This road was built by a capitation tax on the citizens, and several Acts giving more time to collect the taxes were granted by legis- lation. The writer can remember the building of this road through his father's land on the ridge between Kinny and Mudlick. This was a well-graded road, and only needed stone to have made it a first-class road.
In 1863-64 Colonel W. S. Rand built an 24
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"air line" railroad, by the aid of the Legis- lature, from Kinny to Vanceburg. The Colonel and his associates were unable to determine whether they desired steam or horse power as a means of locomotion, and as it has never been determined, the road is still resting on the charter.
In 1867 the Vanceburg, Salt Lick, Tolles- boro, and Maysville Turnpike Road Company was chartered. (Said charter can be found in Acts of the Legislature in this volume-See Act, 1867.) This was the real beginning of the macadam roads in the county. But Mr. A. Dud. Tolle claims to have held the first turnpike meeting at his house. We give from the Vance- burg Courier of December 30, 1879, his story :
"The first turnpike meeting held in Lewis County, and looking to the building of the Lewis and Mason Turnpike Road, was held in the house of A. Dud. Tolle, in the southwestern corner of the county, and greatly surprised his lady, who, returning home from Illinois without previous knowledge of the turnpike meeting, found some forty men gathered at her home, and supposed that "there was a funeral;" but just such a funeral as that gave the ball its impetus; and put in motion the scheme that gave Lewis County all the turnpike roads she has."
The charter of the V. S. L. T. & M. Road has
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had the following amendments by legislation: An Act in 1870 amends the law in regard to stockholders paying taxes-it makes them pay. In 1872-73 an amendment changes the limit of lands taxed in aid of said road. In 1884 a tax was levied to build bridge approaches at the Caines' farm, on Salt Lick. This Act was re- pealed in 1885. The Act of 1888 divides the road into two sections, and allows two sets of officers thereon. This Act is amended in 1890, properly naming the divisions of the road. This road is nineteen miles in length, and has had $21,000 worth of county bonds issued to it. In 1877 it has cost over $64,000 to build it. It has never paid a cent of dividend on its stock, and was, in 1880-81, in the hands of a receiver. It has since managed to keep in tolerable repair from the money received from tolls.
The other roads chartered are: Salt Lick, Esculapia, & Mt. Carmel, in 1868; The Cabin Creek, Sand Hill, and Manchester, in 1869; The Vanceburg, Dry Run, and Kinniconnick, in 1869; The Vanceburg, Quick's Run, and Stout's Lane, 1869; The Cabin Creek Road, 1869; The Mason and Lewis Road, 1869; Concord and Tollesboro, in 1867; The Fleming and Lewis Road, in 1869; The Kinny Creek Road, in 1881; Vanceburg and Concord, in 1881; Vanceburg, Quick's Run, and Stout's
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Lane, rechartered in 1881; Tollesboro and Mt. Carmel, in 1881; Tollesboro and Esculapia, in 1881 (never built); Poplar Flat and Indian Run, in 1881; Vanceburg, Quincy, and Springville, in 1883; Cabin Creek, East Fork, and Concord, in 1888; Quick's Run and Ohio River, in 1890; Vanceburg and Stout's Lane, rechartered in 1890; Kinny and Laurel, in 1894.
Most of these roads have been built, and one of them, the Concord and Tollesboro, has surrendered its charter and is now a county road. The county has aided, by its bonds, or otherwise, the construction of every bridge in the county. We name the following: Bridge over Crooked Creek, near Sand Hill; bridge over Cabin Creek, near Cottageville, and over same on C. & T. Road; over same on V. S. L. T. & M. Road; over Salt Lick, at Valley; over same at Caines' farm; over same at Vanceburg; over Kinnicon- nick at mouth of Montgomery; over same at mouth of Trace; over same at Blankenship's; over Scaffold Lick; and over Quick's Run, near its mouth. These bridges are either solid iron structures or they are covered wooden bridges of the most approved pattern. They have cost the county quite a large sum of money, which has been raised by a tax set apart as a bridge fund.
In 1881 a long Act was passed by the Legis- lature entitled a General Road Law. It seems
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to have been a "Grand Muddle," as nothing was ever accomplished under it in Lewis County.
In 1893-94 another Act was passed author- izing the counties to be laid off into road dis- tricts, permitting delinquent taxpayers to work out their taxes, and appropriating some money to hire labor on the roads. Under this system Lewis County is now laid off and the date fixed to begin work. We append the report of Judge Hillis to the county paper:
"LEWIS COUNTY COURT
"(S. G. Hillis, presiding judge; T. A. Mitchell, clerk.) 1896.
"February Term .- Order establishing 99 road pre- cincts and fixing boundaries for same, as per provision of Section 4309, Chapter 110 amended road law.
"Order allotting all the able-bodied male citizens to work six days in the year on said road, viz: between the ages of 18 and 50. The delinquent tax list will be listed, and same to be worked out on the roads at the rate of $1.50 per day.
"The pro rata per mile is $8. There is 320 miles of road established, and the county attorney and judge have fixed April 9th as the day to commence road work, and the wages will be 60 cents per day for team and hand, and in no instance is there to be expended more than the amount allotted to each road. Each supervisor will be furnished with a blank payroll and ledger ac- count book when they qualify."
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There has been a law passed by the late session of the General Assembly (1896) looking to the purchase or surrender of all the turnpike charters, and to changing them into free roads to be maintained by taxation. The Act is rather a "bungled" affair, and seems to have been drawn with malice aforethought against the roads or the people who want them free; but it is hard to tell which. It may have been that the author of the bill was scared at Bradley's Militia, and was unable to do his best-in a literary effort. But jokes aside, Lewis County means to have some free macadam roads and some good ones of the ordinary kind before the new century dawns.
January 20, 1899 .- The turnpike roads have, at this date, all surrendered their charters to the county and are now all free roads. Some little mob violence occurred to accomplish this, but the mob did not hurt anybody or get hurt by . anybody-only the long poles across the road felt the power of the mob. Our county judge and the turnpike officers took a sensible view of affairs and turned over the turnpike investments which never had paid any dividend to the county, to be maintained as public roads.
CHAPTER VIII
BIOGRAPHY OF IMPORTANT MEN: THE BAR-THE PUL- PIT-THE FORUM-TEACHER-THE DOCTOR.
THE history of the Nation is the acts of the men composing that Nation. The following sketches represent a few of Lewis County's citi- zens:
BRUCE, John, whose wife was Elizabeth Clay, came from Virginia and settled in Garrard County, Kentucky, late in the eighteenth cen- tury. From this marriage the following sons were born: General George W. Bruce, H. C. Bruce, Alexander Bruce, Constantine Bruce, Horatio Bruce, John Bruce, and Richard P. Bruce.
BRUCE, General Geo. W., came to Lewis County in 1804 or 1805. He married a widow Garland in Virginia, in 1815. His sons were Thomas H. Clay, who married Susan Crawford. Their children were Perry G., who married Isabel Bruce, and Horatio, who died unmarried. Colonel Geo. W., who married Della Stratton, daughter of Thompson N. Stratton, and resided on Kinniconnick, near the mouth of Spy Run.
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BRUCE, John, the son of John Bruce, of Garrard County, Ky., came to Lewis County in 1804 and engaged for a short time in the manufacture of salt on Dry Run, near Vance- burg. The following are his children: Thomas Bruce, Mahala, who married a Mr. Jamison and went to Missouri; Therese, who married Mr. Gaw, and died without issue; Aristides, who was drowned; Patrick H. Clay, who is still living in Clay County, Kan .; Aaron B., Margaret, An- drew J., Alexander, who was the late Captain Alexander Bruce, of Forman's Bottom, in Lewis County; and Robert, who died without issue.
BRUCE, John, was a representative of Lewis County in the General Assembly of Kentucky in 1823.
BRUCE, Henry Clay, came to Lewis County about the time of the arrival of his brother John, and, in partnership with Horatio Bruce and Joseph Morgan, operated the Ohio Salt Works, in 1809. On April 8, 1813, he was com- missioned as one of the justices of the county. He married a Miss Mary Price, of Bourbon County, and died in 1815 without heirs. It was the estate of H. C. and Horatio Bruce which was given in the Lewis County Court at $77,600, as shown in another chapter in this volume.
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BRUCE, Horatio, also came with his brother from Garrard County, and continued for some time in the manufacture of salt after the death of his brother, Henry Clay Bruce. He married Eliza Beasley, of Mason County. There was born to them the following children: Elizabeth, who married a Mr. Weathers, but soon after- wards died; Horatio, who went to Johnson County, Texas; Henry, who was a "'49er," and died in California; Richard, who was an attor- ney-at-law in Mason County for a while, but finally went to Garrard County, where he died.
BRUCE, Constantine, the twin brother of Alexander, was the "Daniel Boone" of the family. He cared only for the dog and gun, and loved the chase more than the business pursuits of men.
BRUCE, Richard P., married in Garrard County, and then moved to Indiana. His wife and children all died of fever and ague, and in 1830 he returned to Vanceburg, Ky. He mar- ried Sallie Cofrin, by whom he had two children: Horatio, who is dead, and Robert, who lived in Forman's Bottom. Richard Bruce had a small farm on Cabin Creek, where he died.
BRUCE, Alexander, the father of Hon. H. C. Bruce, of Vanceburg, came to Lewis County with
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his other brothers and studied law. He was ad- mitted to the bar in Lewis County Court in February, 1818.
BRUCE, Washington, engaged in the sawmill and lumber business on Kinny. He was at one time justice of the peace in Lewis County, also sheriff, and was twice elected to represent the county in the Legislature in the sessions of 1821 and 1825. In canvassing the county in 1850, as a candidate for county judge, he contracted pleurisy, of which he died before the election was held.
BRUCE, Thomas J. M., one of the sons of Alexander Bruce, lived in Stout's Bottom until his death, March 18, 1896.
BRUCE, John L., brother of Thos. J., also owns an adjoining farm in Stout's Bottom, where he resided until the death of his wife, a few years ago. He now lives with his daughter, in Vanceburg. His children are: Alice, who mar- ried John Brooks and moved to Kansas, where she still resides; and Minnie, who is the wife of John Cox, one of the leading merchants in Vanceburg.
BRUCE, Henry C., the second son of Alexan- der Bruce, is in business in Vanceburg, having been continuously so since 1869. Before that
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time he was connected with steamboating, hav- ing gone on board Captain Thos. Redden's boat, "Hunter," as clerk, in 1836. He was on the river about thirty-three years before he settled in Vanceburg and became one of its merchants.
BRUCE, Samuel E., who is now the trusted cashier of the Deposit Bank, whose photograph is found elsewhere in this volume. He was united in marriage to Josephine Smith, of Bourbon County, Ky.
BRUCE, Doctor Wm. E., who married Pauline Jones, of Vanceburg, and is now practicing his profession in Silver Cliff, Nevada.
BRUCE, John L., married Martha W. Smith, of Bourbon County, and is a prosperous attorney in one of the best legal firms in St. Louis, Mo.
KLINE, Eliza Bruce, is the wife of John Kline, of Garrison, Ky.
BRUCE, Thomas H. Clay, son of General Geo. W. Bruce, married Susan Crawford, and to them was born the following children: Thos. H. C. Bruce, who married. Nancy J. Alley; Perry G., whose wife was Mary Logan; Nancy, the wife of Elias Sellards; Virginia, wife of Frank Staggs; Brunette, the wife of Professor John Keyser; and Susan, wife of Ralph Stone.
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BRUCE, Captain Alexander, son of John Bruce, was born in Lewis County, Ky. He was a farmer and lived in Forman's Bottom, above Quincy, until his death. During the war of 1861-65 he was captain in a company of a regiment of Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, and did good service for his country. After the war, 1869, he was elected representative of Lewis County, and served until 1871.
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