Berkshire, two hundred years in pictures, 1761-1961, Part 4

Author: Tague, William H., editor
Publication date: 1961
Publisher: [Pittsfield, Mass.], [Berkshire Eagle]
Number of Pages: 122


USA > Massachusetts > Berkshire County > Berkshire, two hundred years in pictures, 1761-1961 > Part 4


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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When President Taft arrived in Pittsfield for the sesquicentennial, Mayor Kelton B. Miller and his daughter, Marjorie Miller, met him at the train.


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N COUNTRY CLUB


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President Theodore Roosevelt's car- riage moves smartly down North Street, passing trolley No. 29, which later overtook and smashed the landau near the Country Club. Roosevelt had spent the night in Dalton at the home of his friend, Governor Winthrop M. Crane.


As a result of Roosevelt's accident, national attention was focused on Pittsfield by Leslie's Weekly, which ran a page of pictures. The trolley which hit the President's carriage was speeding to the Country Club with a party of guests for a reception planned for the President.


LESLIE'S WEEKLY


268


September 18, 1902


ONE OF THE FOUR HORSES ATTACHED TO THE LANDAU WAS KILLED. Photograph by the Hearst Syndiente


THE WRECKED LANDAU-MR. ROOSEVELT WAS SITTING ON THE REAR SEAT AT THE RIGHT SIDE .- Copyright, 1902, by W. R. Hearst.


PRESIDENT ENTERING STOCKBRIDGE WITH GOVERNOR CRANE, AFTER THE ACCIDENT.


TALKING WITH A SWOLLEN FACE TO A HUSHED ASSEMBLAGE AT LENOX.


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Juvenile interest in cars arrived with the first of the vehicles. This boy behind the wheel of his father's 1915-model auto in Lenox has his own goggles. Lucy Brown


The July 4 balloon ascension in 1909 attracted a fashionable crowd. This was a race between Pitts- field and North Adams, with a prize for the aerialist floating the greatest distance. From Donald Leah


Circus parades, like this one around 1900, quick- ened the summer pulses of young and old alike.


72


Pittsfield's sesquicentennial celebra- tion in 1911 featured a July 4 parade on North Street. Edwin Hale Lincoln


The Good Old Days (2)


FOR SOME YEARS after the opening of the 20th century, life in Berkshire was relatively uncomplicated. Simple diversions had the upper hand: picnics, outings, tennis and baseball. Ballooning in Pittsfield and North Adams drew thousands, and a common greeting on the streets was: "What time does the balloon go up?" Ascensions were gala affairs but as the airplane was perfected ballooning lost status, and a highlight of Pittsfield's sesquicentennial in 1911 was the flight of a biplane from Allen Farm. The event was doubly sensational. After lofting smartly, the plane nosed over almost at once in a crash that hospitalized the pilot. Automobiles stopped being mere toys of the wealthy. As their cost dropped, cars came within the reach of thousands in Berkshire, and there were signs that motoring would grow into a chief recreation of the area's residents - and a new source of livelihood. Open- ing of the Mohawk Trail as the nation's pioneer tourist route in 1914, and steady improvement of other roads, brought visitors. Catering to tourists was on the way to becoming an industry. Colorful personalities emerged. Cortland Field Bishop of Lenox emerged as Berkshire's leading motorist, driving expensive cars and engaging in daring exploits - such as driving to the top of Mount Greylock in the winter. Even more colorful was David Lamarr, known in New York as the "Wolf of Wall Street." He summered at his large mansion on Pittsfield's East Street for several seasons and gave every evidence of great wealth, but in the end lost everything and died in prison. For entertainment there were two stock drama companies in Pitts- field and there were road shows in addition to the movies. Summers were punctuated by arrival of the circus, and that was a big and exciting day.


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Ballooning reached its climax in Berkshire in 1914 with the National Air Race and auto pur- suit. Balloons ascended from Aero Park, Pittsfield, near gas tanks for convenient inflation.


in the mitar Future


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Early in the new century, a forward-looking artist pictured "Pittsfield in the near Future" on a postcard, visualizing North Street in a vehicular shambles. Mrs. John R. White


The 1914 National Air Race attracted nation-wide attention. Four newsreel cameramen came to Pittsfield to record it. W. E. Powell


Berkshire was regarded as superb "balloon- ing" country because of prevailing air cur- rents. Many clubs shipped balloons here for ascensions; one, the Boston, is shown ris- ing from a North Adams field around 1905.


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KITTY GORDON IN -TIN' PIPHIF #11Y


Theda Bara was the rage of the movie fans in 1918, and packed Pittsfield's Tyler Theater with "A Fool There Was." She began the "vampire" trend in acting.


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Lt. L. Victor Beau put on an air show in Berkshire the weekend of July 4, 1919, with an unexpected thrill. While landing at the Pittsfield airfield on Allen Farm, he hit a fencepost. Damage was not serious. His home base was Hazelhurst Field, L. I.


Fashionable swimmers in 1912 wore long suits and sun hats like this at Stockbridge Bowl. Lucy Brown


Charles S. Witmer piloted the first airplane to land at Pittsfield, coming to take part in the sesquicentennial program July 4, 1911. He was injured in a take-off crash.


A diving horse entertained summer crowds at Pontoosuc Lake around 1915. Frank Read


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Outing, 1915: cutter and buffalo robe. From Ralph W. Hutchinson


FOLLIES OF 1911


THE STOCKBRIDGE CASINO Saturday, Sept. 24


MISS RUTH DRAPER


MADEMOISELLE LOLOTTE


MR. JAMES BARNES


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MORE MONOLOGUES


THE CROWNIE BROTHERS


HOT AIR


ANOTHER KIND OF DRAPER WHY DO THE STÁT SHE CAN STILL MORE by the OTHER DRAPER PARISIAN FASHIONS FOR 1911


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Cortland Field Bishop of Lenox outmaneuvered Berkshire snow with French cars equipped with caterpillar treads. They were made for crossing deserts-which he also did-and they worked well here.


Thirteen Dalton belles took part in "The Message of the Violets," part of a St. Agnes Church benefit entertainment in 1903. Mrs. Alice Dudley O' Malley


A washout from an August flood in the Adams area in 1901 tilted the railroad tracks in the Zylonite section. Adams Free Library


Scene from a movie, "Miss Adams of Adams," that was shot in and around Adams in 1917 with Adams people playing all the parts. Senator Theodore R. Plunkett is seen patting the monkey. Smith Studio


FORD CAR HITS TWO HORSES: AUTO DRIVER IS ARRESTED A Ford automobile operated by Rich. ard J. Malone struck a pair of horses owned and driven by l' D. Gerbolt of West Pittsfield on Woodleigh avenue Saturday c.cning. One of the horses was quite badly injured Malone was arrested on a charge of reckless driving. It is claimed the auto.robile was on the wrong side of the "cad. lle fur- nished hail for appearance in court to- dax. Willlam M. Bazarnick of Schenec- tady, N. Y .. drove a Ferd .car through a brick wall at the hatchway of the Murphy block on North street Saturday evening. The accident is attributed to the fact the brakes failed to work. No- body was injured.


News item, 1918


The Dalzell Axle Co. of South Egremont at- tempted to shift to auto axles with a front- axle and steering-knuckle unit, but without success. After 55 years making fine carriage axles, the company closed in 1910, a vic- tim of the automobile age. David Dalzell


Around 1900, firemen depended on the horse to get them to fires. A steam pumper is seen here, return- ing to Central Station on Allen Street, Pittsfield.


Great Barrington observed its 150th anniversary in 1911 with bands and a big parade. Cars already had started to appear in numbers. as seen in the picture of Main Street. Mason Library


The first car over the Mohawk Trail bounced through long before road was finished in 1914. North Adams Library


Three years after the Mohawk Trail was opened in 1914, the Hairpin Turn had become a great tourist attraction. In this picture, the first Albany-Boston bus to negotiate the Trail route is shown standing at left. Lewis Canedy


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Two Adams and three Eves seem to be re-enacting the Garden of Eden episode in a picture believed taken in Lanesboro in the Gay Nineties.


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Classmates of R. K. Johnson at Williams College gave a dorm party for his birthday in 1908. Of Johnson, only a hand is visible (at lower left). Williams College Library


Fish story: one that got away somewhere in Berkshire about 1915. Clifton Johnson


Posing with a wheelbarrow, a popular stunt, are Richard F. Pender and John Rigney of Dalton. Mrs. Richard Pender


ORS OLS HERE


In '09 the Gilman & Semmler Cafe was the gathering place of Pitts- field's men-in-the-street. The W.T. Grant store later occupied its site on Depot Street. George Bruce


Deer hunting was legalized in Berkshire in 1910; three gene- rations of Pittsfield's Scace family went out and shot four deer. Cabin was at home farm on West Street. Edgar I. Scace


Women as well as men liked the wheel- barrow gag, as shown by Elizabeth Bar- rett and Annie Hale, Lenox. Rogers Coll.


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The Berkshire County championship bowling team of 1904 was photographed in the full tide of their victory. Mrs. Evelyn Frank


BOY- Scouts Pittsfield mo!


The Boy Scouts in 1910 set out to hike from Pittsfield to Bennington. It was one of the first long marches to be made by a troop from the Berkshires. Charles K. Parker


Dr. Austen Fox Riggs esta- blished the Austen Riggs Foundation at Stockbridge in 1913 for research and treatment of nervous ills.


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Mechanized farming was primitive in 1900. Cumber- some steam engine was used for cutting ensilage and filling silo in New Marlboro. George E. Rhoades


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James Clifford Sr. of Lenox was photographed in 1898 in regalia of 33rd degree Mason. Edw. Rogers Coll.


David Lamarr was dubbed the "Wolf of Wall Street." He lived in Pittsfield in the early 1900s. D. F. Kelly


Shy John D. Rockefeller Sr. visited often, got nabbed by a process-server here in the oil-trust prosecution. Culver


. .


Flamboyant John Sullivan was Pittsfield's police chief for 32 years; he headed the force from 1915 until 1947.


Richmond Iron Works men lined up in front of the engine room for their picture in 1900. James F. Cullen


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Byron Weston Co., Dalton paper mill, employed women to sort, clip and clean rags in 1900. Culver Pictures


Susan B. Anthony, Adams native, and Eliza- beth Cady Stanton, woman's suffrage leaders, as photographed around 1905. Adams Library


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Miss Josephine Baran, newly arrived from Poland around 1910, worked in the Berkshire Fine Spinning Mills weave room in Adams. She later became a nun. Felicia Gwozdz


Miss Sarah MacDonald taught in Richmond schools from 1902 to 1952. She also taught Richmond Furnace Italian workers to speak, read and write English. Mrs. John V. Boyle


Classroom scene at Henry W. Bishop Memorial Training School for Nurses, soon after it was start- ed in 1889. It operated under control of the old House of Mercy Hospital. Pittsfield General Hospital


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Somewhere in France, 1918: Lt. Col. Charles W. Whittlesey of Pittsfield.


The Congressional Medal of Honor was awarded to Lt. Col. Whittlesey by Maj. Gen. Clarence R. Edwards,on Boston Common. The decoration was earned by Col. Whittlesey with heroic action in the Argonne as leader of the "Lost Battalion."


World War I


WHEN GERMANY declared unrestricted submarine warfare Feb. 1, 1917, it was certain that the United States would go in on the Allied side, which it did April 6. Berkshire pitched in, with products from GE and the woolen mills, but the hardest impact came as the young men joined the armed forces and marched away. Among them was Charles W. Whittlesey of Pittsfield, who became famous as commander of the "Lost Battalion." His unit was surrounded by the enemy and under continual attack for five days in the Argonne Forest, and finally was rescued by an Allied drive through the German lines, after having spurned an offer of surrender from the enemy. For his bravery, Col. Whittlesey became the second Berkshire man to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor. The Berkshire County Ambulance Corps served overseas 15 months with distinction, and a steady stream of recruits from Berkshire poured into the induction centers. The end of the war came suddenly; a trainload of young men was turned back at Danbury. The Armistice had been signed.


Nearly 400 young men from Williams College went off to War after ROTC training. Among them was Lt. Col. Whittlesey. Williams College Library


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Company F, 2nd Massachusetts Infantry, National Guard, left Pittsfield July 5, 1917, for the front in France. They were photographed as they marched past the park. Mrs. Ambrose Clogher


.. 4 ***


FERCAUSE OF QUALITY"


Berkshire County Ambulance Corps No. 13, organized in May of 1917, was comprised of 125 men and 7 vehicles, and served overseas 15 months. They returned in 1919.


EXTRA Everybody Celebrate-Make the Day a Holiday DE'| The Berkshire Evening Eagle moms


GERMANY SURRENDERS


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PROCLAMATION


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Glad tidings of Nov. 11, 1918, filled the front page of The Eagle. The war to end war had been won by the Allies.


The Soldiers' and Sailors' Memorial on South Street, Pittsfield, was dedicated on July 8, 1926, as a tribute to the men who served in World War I. It was designed by the famous sculptor Augustus Lukeman, who was living in Stockbridge then.


With the Roaring Twenties came the Jazz Age; here as elsewhere Dixieland music was the rage. Pittsfield's Dixie Serenaders got going in 1920, were still playing after more than four decades with three of their original members: Johnny Hubbard on piano; Chester Williams, banjo; Charles Logan, sax. Charles Logan


One of the Mohawk Trail's biggest crowds turned out in 1929, combining tribute to World War I vets and a boost to tourist travel. The newly rebuilt scenic route was reopened, and the Elks' Memorial at Whitcomb Summit was dedicated. Billboards and roadside clutter showed up too. Lewis H. Canedy


PITTSFIELD


POST


Legionnaires from Pittsfield took part in a 1921 "Salute to Marshal Foch" in Boston, two years after the post's founding. Sisson


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Future actress Bette Davis attended Crest- alban School, Lanesboro, in 1919 and 1920. One of her first appearances before a camera was at a school picnic. Miss Anne Whiting


The '20s


PEACE ARRIVED, followed by the 1920s. Tense war-nerves relaxed. Elks dedicated a bronze elk on the Mohawk Trail as a memorial to members killed in the World War. A time often called "the era of wonderful nonsense" set in, and Berkshire took part in it. Stockholders of the Pittsfield Electric Co. had a steamed-clam-and-lobster supper at the Silver Lake power plant. People climbed Monument Mountain to perch in the Devil's pul- pit. A Stockbridge summer resident turned up at social doings with her beribboned pet piglet. Autoists were becoming involved in spectacular, leap-frog smash-ups. Prohibition came, but total abstinence didn't, especially in Pittsfield where a 25,000 - gallon distillery ran for some years before police raided it just as Repeal was in the offing. The Pittsfield Hillies won the Eastern League baseball pennant in 1919 and 1921, and Great Barrington's last livery stable folded in the latter year. In 1925, Pittsfield installed its first traffic light and in 1926 the Berkshire Hills Con- ference was formed, the two events foretelling the role of the car in the growing tourist trade.


In the 1920s Monument Mountain drew climbers, cameramen. H. Armstrong Roberts


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Beer and seltzer bottles bearing the Gimlich and White trademark were known to the pub- lic from 1868 until Prohibition shut down the company. Its brewery was in Pittsfield. It had been incorporated in 1892 as the Berk- shire Brewing Association. Donald Gimlich


A Hudson touring car and a Reo sedan collided at Holmes Road and the Lenox road in 1922; both piled into the brook. Hauled out, both were driven off under their own power. Oscar R. Hutchinson


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Stockholders of Pittsfield Elec- tric Co. were served a seafood supper in 1921 when they inspec- ted new Silver Lake facilities, including a GE turbine. WMEC


PUBLIC AUCTION The Famous Estate of the Late Dr. F. S. Pearson of New York Saturday, July 23rd, 1921, at 2 p. m. On the Premises


"EDGEWOOD"


An 8000 Acre Domam at Great Barrington, Mass. In the lieart of the Berkshires


D. BRADLEE RICH & CO., Auchoneers 262 Washington St., Boston, Mass. Tel Moi 3077


Big Berkshire estates started going under the hammer after the income tax went into effect and shortages of reliable servants became acute.


In the spring of 1924 (was it a vintage year?) maple sap was gathered at Walnut Grove Farm in New Marlboro, just as it had been in various Berkshire areas for more than two centuries. Just ahead of the horses is the sugar house. G. E. Rhoades


Fire leveled Miss Hall's School in Pittsfield Feb. 17, 1923. The building contained 30 rooms. It had been erected in 1897 as the villa of Col. Walter Cutting. A waitress, Agnes H. Coote, died in the fire. Miss Hall's School


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Golfers on Berkshire Hunt and Country Club link , Lenox. In background is clubhouse, formerly Wyndhurst, that later became Cranwell prep school.


HOLDENASTANECE


Although snow was cleared by hand in the early 1920s, a start was made in 1923 toward its mechanical removal. The Berkshire County Commissioners bought this 10-ton tractor- plow and loaned it to the towns, which paid for maintenance. The plow is seen working in Lenox after a storm. Oscar R. Hutchinson


Snow removal was do-it-yourself in 1920. After a big storm, Pittsfield residents tackled North Street with shovels. Mayor Louis A. Merchant is at left beside sleigh, facing camera. In background is the Holden and Stone store in a building next to England Brothers.


Allen T. Treadway, who first went to Congress in 1912, was re-elected to office 15 times in a row.


Pittsfield engineering genius gave GE its big push in power transformers. Engineers in this 1928 photo are Walter S. Moody, Guiseppe Faccioli (in wheel- chair), and C.C. Chesney. The latter was an origi- nator of the S-K-C system of electrical power trans- mission with William Stanley and John F. Kelly.


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Sculptor Sir Henry Hudson Kitson in 1916 bought property in Tyringham and built a large studio where he lived and worked the rest of his life. He designed the Minute Man at Lexington, the Pilgrim Maid at Plymouth.


Katharine Hepburn worked as an apprentice at the Berkshire Playhouse in the summer of 1930, and made there the first stage appearance of her ca- reer, as shown in scene played with Richard Hale.


Renaissance


OVER A SPAN of about 20 years, centering in the 1930s, Berkshire's reputation as an enclave of culture was reborn. The new culture was much broader, both in variety and scope, and involved large numbers of people as spectators if not par- ticipants. Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge built her South Mountain Temple of Music in 1918. The Berkshire Playhouse opened in 1928 as one of the nation's first summer-stock theaters. In 1932, Ted Shawn established the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival, first in the U. S. The Berkshire Sym- phonic Festival was born in 1934, and grew into the nation's best-known summer musical event, Tanglewood. Creative artists in residence, sum- mer or year-long, included playwrights Robert Sherwood and Sidney Howard; sculptors Daniel Chester French, Augustus Lukeman, Sir Henry Hudson Kitson and the Alexander Calders (father and son); painters Albert Sterner and George L. K. Morris, and among writers, Owen Johnson and various Sedgwicks. Prestigious private schools appeared: Berkshire School in 1907, Lenox School in 1926, and Cranwell and Foxhollow in 1939.


Symphonic music on a large scale was launched in Berkshire in 1934 at the Hanna farm, Interlaken. Three programs were put on by 65 New York Philharmonic players under Henry Hadley. Attendance topped 5000, which encouraged the sponsors to form the Berkshire Symphonic Festival that fall.


Daniel Chester French


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The studio of Daniel Chester French in Stockbridge was a busy workshop where he spent summers from 1898 until his death in 1931. His best-known works are the memorial Lincoln in Washington, and the Minute Man at the Concord bridge.


Playwright Robert E. Sherwood spent summers for many years in Stockbridge; his parents had a house on Yale Hill. Miss Rosamond Sherwood


Dancer Ted Shawn struck an elevated arabesque at Jacob's Pillow in 1932, his second year at the East Lee farm which he developed into the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival and University of the Dance. Shawn


Students are shown in 1933 recital at South Mountain Temple of Music. One of the quartet, Robert Mann (right), later was first violinist with the Juilliard Quartet. South Mountain was established in 1918 by Mrs. Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge.


THE FAIRY GODMOTHER OF CHAMBER MUSIC


COOLIDGE


Bas relief of Mrs. Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge by sculptor Henry H. Kitson. It hangs in South Mountain concert hall.


During the dozen years after 1935 when the New Haven Railroad ran its New York snow trains to Pittsfield, buses met skiers at a South Street siding and took them to Bousquet's.


CCC camps were children of the Depression. Eight were estab- lished in Berkshire, similar to this one at Pittsfield State Forest. Corpsmen did valuable development work in forests.


The GE high voltage laboratory demonstrat- ed a record 10-million-volt bolt of arti- ficial lightning 30 feet long in 1932 on the 180th anniversary of Benjamin Frank- lin's kite experiment. Artificial lightning is used in developing equipment that can stand up under real bolts.


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In the 1930s most of the country was in the hole, and Adams was in this big one. A flood and hurricane in 1938 undermined the street.


The Thirties


BERKSHIRE REELED with the rest of the nation under the blows of the Great Depression. At the Pittsfield GE, where 8500 worked in 1929, there were only 2200 at the bottom of the slump. Relief rolls skyrocketed; business was so bad that a Pittsfield merchant grumbled, "Even the people who don't pay aren't buying." Eight Civilian Conservation Corps camps and hundreds of WPA projects were set up to ease the miseries of the jobless. Yet, Berkshire benefited. Once-wealthy New Yorkers and Bostonians accustomed to summering at fashionable European centers settled for more modest vacations nearer home-which for many meant Berkshire. The tourist trade bucked the general downtrend of business, climbing steadily through the '30s. The Tanglewood music festival moved under a tent, then built the Shed for its 1938 season. The new attraction of skiing pointed a winter way of the future, signalled in 1935 with arrival in Pittsfield of the first of many snow trains from New York City.


Tạinye hun Tedm


The


Evening Eagle CITY EDITION


TWO OF FIVE VICTIMS OF ASSASSIN WHO ATTEMPTED TO KILL ROOSEVELT IN SERIOUS CONDITION; WOMAN FAST LOSING GROUND Ely. Despite Foote's Admonitions, PRESIDENT-ELECT VISITS HOSPITAL Makes Public Report on State Police BEFORE DEPARTING BY TRAIN FOR HOME


CONCUSSIONER FEARED THE PERLOR WOULD PREJUDICE OFFICERS OF COURT WANTILL


Fonte Suspends Boompre Pendint Ind o f torres of Farmfedt


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DOCT FIGURED LENOX SCHOOL COMMITTEE VOTES TO SEED. DISMISSAL OF SUPERINTENDENT MAHAN


The nation was shaken by the attempted assas- sination of President-elect Roosevelt in 1933 at Miami, Fla. Killed was Chicago's Mayor Anton Cermak, hit by bullet intended for Roosevelt.


Mrs. Sanford Procter is believed to have been the first woman in the nation to cast a ballot in the 1932 presidential election. She is shown ready to vote in New Ashford as soon as that early-voting town opens its polls at 6 a.m.


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The Music Shed at Tanglewood, built with $100,000 raised by subscription, was dedicated in August 1938.


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Speeding Pittsfield drivers in 1930 had to face the first motorcycle patrolmen in the Police Department.


Serge Koussevitzky, director of the Bos- ton Symphony Orchestra and colorful genius, who led the Tanglewood Festival to international note in the music world.


By the late '30s the Berkshire Playhouse was rated by lead- ing show people as one of the top U.S. summer theaters.


Employes in Sprague Electric Co. plant on Beaver Street in North Adams, assembling wet electrolytic capacitors in 1937. Sprague Electric Co.




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