USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Charlestown > Century of town life; a history of Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1775-1887 > Part 8
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31
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A CENTURY OF TOWN LIFE.
were whitewashed on the outside, a few years ago. The site appears to have belonged to Richard Lowden, one of the ear- liest inhabitants (1638), whose executor sold it (1703) to Jona Fosket, and he (1703) to John Mallet, from whose son's widow it passed (1747) to Michael Mallet. Of the latter, Wm Foye, Treas. of the Province, bought (1747) the " stone edifice, formerly a windmill," with a lot, } of an acre square, the mill being in the centre. After the Revolution (?) it seems to have passed to Peter Tufts, and has been held by Nathan Tufts and his descendants. From the time it was built (probably before 1710) the edifice was for many years a widely known grist-mill, and then, for a much longer period, was a storehouse for all, or a great part of, the powder belonging to the Province and the State.
There is probably no other existing monument of the open- ing of the American Revolution as entire, old, and important as this Powder-House. It has been preserved chicfly by pri- vate care, but will probably sometime be kept by more secure and permanent tenure than anything private can be under our institutions. The event that gives it a notable place in the history of the United States is described in the " Essex Ga- zette," Sep. 6, 1774, p. 2 :-
" BOSTON, MONDAY, September 5. On Wednesday last the new Divan (consisting of the wretched Fugitives with whom the just in- dignation of their respective Townsmen, by a well deserved expulsion, have filled this Capital), usurped the Seats round the Council Board in Boston. Their deliberations have not hitherto transpired, and with equal seeresy, on Thursday morning at half after Four, about 260 Troops embarked on board 13 boats at the Long- Wharf and proceeded up Medford River, to Temple's Farm, where they landed, and went to the Powder-House, on Quarry-hill, in Charlestown bounds, whenee they have taken 250 half barrels of powder, the whole store, and carried it to the castle."
The account published in Boston is briefer : -
"This Morning a Party of the Troops proceeded to Charlestown, and took Possession of the Powder in the Powder-House there, and are now conveying it round to Boston, in Waggons, and then pro- ceeded to Medford Powder House for the like Purpose." (Mass. Gazette, Sep. 1, 1774, p. 2.)
69
OTHER PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
Ammunition was as precious as cash to the Provincials, and the seizure of it here had an exceptional importance, making this raid especially momentous as an opening event in the struggle for national life.
While ground that once belonged to Charlestown still bears an old, and almost unique, preserved historical monument, it also bears an American rarity, a ruin, - a slight fragment, in- deed, but half a century old, -the relic of a Convent. In 1820 an extensive tract of land, including the Ploughed Hill of Revolutionary times, was secured, and on it Drs. Matignon and Cheverus, " with funds given by a native citizen of Bos- ton," founded this institution. Six years later its community, of the Order of St. Ursula, which was established in 1536, came to town and occupied a farm-house at the foot of the hill, " until the main building on its summit was finished," as it was in 1827. The education of girls was one of the pur- poses of the Order, and accordingly a Seminary for them was here opened. Its reputation " was widely extended, and the number of pupils from all the New England, and from many of the Southern States, and the British Provinces, rapidly in- creased ; so that in the year 1829, it was found necessary to add two large wings to the building." (Report, 1834.) The only Roman service that the Protestant scholars were required to attend was the Latin mass on Sunday in the chapel. (Acc., 1834, p. 16.) At different times there were from four to ten or twelve nuns, and from forty to sixty pupils. Various re ports, that appear to have been unfounded or exaggerated, were circulated about doings in the Convent, until on the even- ing of Aug. 11, 1834, a mob attacked and burned the build- ing, after dispersing its inmates (12 nuns, and 57 girls, some of the latter quite young). Great excitement existed before and after the event, and a considerable number of now rare pub- lications relate to it (Bib., p. 57). While the building was left a wreck, considerable fragments stood many years afterwards, but now (1887) only the lowest portion of the basement is left, in some places scarcely above the surface of the ground; but the form and size of the building can still be clearly determined, as, if the destruction continues, they cannot be a few years hence.
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A CENTURY OF TOWN LIFE.
Measurements were made by the writer, and J. M. H., April 12, 1886. The basement walls, 20 in. thick at the bottom, were built of split slate stone laid in common lime mortar, and above them were 16 in. walls of red brick. The building seems to have stood directly on the natural surface of the ground, without a cellar except a small one at the west end, much of the outer side of it being above ground, so that it was entered there by a wide door, a fragment of one jamb still re- maining. The main part of the Convent, surmounted by a cupola, was three, the other parts two, stories high, and the style appears to have been very simple. In front there was a large circular garden, with little paths and thickly set clusters of small shrubs, all still shown by remains. Towards the Winter Hill road there was a high, steep slope with terraces, along which curved a driveway, while on the other hand there was an abrupt descent towards Medford turnpike, from which the Convent grounds were separated by the Middlesex Canal. From the front and rear extended the broad, slightly " crown- ing " top of- the ridge-like hill, commanding, as it now does except due east, a very wide and noble prospect.
No other public buildings now of the town, besides some of the places of worship, are over thirty years old, or without important change -made within that period. Few historical or personal associations are consequently gathered around them, and, furthermore, by their designs they do not to any great degree illustrate the history of American art, of moderate length as that is ; and although somewhat expensive, they can, with few exceptions, hardly be called works of any form of real art. Much more in them are shown the influences of the early days, making practical use, rather than monumental or artistic expression, their characteristic. Of a cost far beyond any tried, or dreamed of, here generations ago, partly built of materials more substantial than any that the times then made possible, they yet show noticeably the old precedent of inflam- mable construction. The traditions of lath and plaster, of wooden stairs, floors, and roofs, are followed, with a subservi- eney not exclusively Chinese or Charlestonian.
Inadequate accommodations for Town offices and secular
THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
ASTON LENO AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
1
-
------
MARKET HOUSE.
20080
TOWN HALL AND WARREN PHALANX, 1838.
71
OTHER PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
gatherings of the people, in over thirty years, made a building for both wanted. Accordingly in 1818 a Town Hall was built on the Square (Plan I., 2). It was of good size, three stories high, - a tall basement of cut granite, two stories of red briek, -- and had a roof sloped four ways. Along the middle there was a ridgepole, from which ran a depressed gable towards the front, and at the centre of the edifice rose a white wooden cupola. The style was simple but dignified, with slight at- tempt at architectural features. On the first floor were shops, on the sceond was a hall of good size, with large square- headed windows on each side, plain walls covered with " mar- bled" paper, and a plain whitewashed eciling supported by half a dozen Roman Doric pillars of wood painted to suggest an imaginary motley yellow marble. The best hall the Town has had for nearly two and a half centuries, it stood forty years and was the seene of many a lively Town meeting, of Fairs that of course did a great deal of good, of the earliest " elassic" concerts heard in the place, of series of Lyecum lectures, and other events. In it, on these occasions, often met, one time and another, all of old Charlestown now nearly vanished.
Again were larger municipal accommodations wanted. In 1868 the old building was torn down, and the City Hall, a higher building, of, red briek with brownstone and painted wooden trimmings, was erected on the same area, but with a wing on Harvard Street added (making the whole 100 x 87 ft.). Although it contains several large rooms, there is no hall. In the wing are the Police court and headquarters, together with cells, that, except two large safes or strong rooms, are the most substantial parts of the edifiec. On the inside there is scarcely any attempt at architectural style or features ; on the outside most of the finish is said to be in Italian Renaissance, but it is of a kind hard to find in Italy. Most of the structure is eov- ered by a so-called Freneli roof, the central part being sur- mounted by an octagonal wooden and slated dome, that rises from a square base. Sinec annexation the second floor of the main part has been occupied by the Public Library. Here, besides books, are nearly all the works of art in the town that
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A CENTURY OF TOWN LIFE.
are public property.1 The edifice was dedicated June 17, 1869, and cost $111,200.
Next in importance are the School Houses, High and Gram- mar, all of which are built of red brick with more or less of stone trimmings. Their cost, size, and order according to age are stated below.
Built. *1801
Size.
Cost. $3,220
Architect.
NOTE. - Harvard (Plan I.)
rebuilt (do.)
# 1847-8
54 × 64
new (do.)
§ 1872
90} × 94
130,285
S. J. F. Thayer.
Bunker Hill (B. H. St.) rebuilt
1805
36
× 25
1,000
new (Baldwin St.)
§ 1866-7
601 x 92}
65,862
J. H. Rand.
Winthrop (Tr. field)
* 1827
56
× 32
5,859
new (B. Hill St.)
72
× 42
+ 1839-40
60
× 40
15,000
G. J. F. Bryant.
Warren (Salem St.) new (do.)
§ 1868
61
× 90
69,500
J. H. Rand.
High (Mont. Sq.) new (do.)
§ 1870
751 × 75
87,000
S. J. F. Thayer.
Prescott
§ 1857
84 × 60
36,500
- Towle.
Frothingham
§ 1875-6
119
< 90
128,454
G. A. Clough.
* 2 stories ; t do. and basement ; § 3 stories and do .; # 3 stories. some other items, are not usually found in the published Reports.
Dimensions, like
Of these buildings, the third Winthrop (now the Frothing- ham), is the most picturesque, and perhaps the most satisfactory, and shows the nearest approach to a defined architectural style. It is in what is called modern Gothic, is trimmed with sandstone and black bricks, and has gables and grouped windows. Mayor Cobb, at the dedication (Apr. 6, 1876), said that "it cost far less than any recent building of its class in [Boston], and is inferior to none of them in the extent of its accommodations," and in its sanitary appliances. The city had already borrowed . two and a half millions that were spent on school-houses, some of them demolished long before the debt on them was paid. A new way was, however, followed here, and " this house, together with the land it stands on," was fully paid for out of the tax levy. In connection with these statements it is curious to
1 Paintings : Full length portraits of D. Webster (by John Pope), given by citizens, 1853 ; Geo. Washington, after Stuart, by J. Frothingham (his scholar, and a native of C.), do., 1858 ; Andrew Jackson, by A. C. Hoit, 1855, after Van- derlyn, 1819, given by Jacob Foss and others, 1855 (all once hung in the old Town Hall) ; and (¿ length) Richard Devens, by H. Sargent, 1793, bequeathed by Miss C. Harris ; also, by S. F. B. Morse, an historical painting.
៛ 1847-8
26,000
A. B. Young.
1845
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PLACES OF AMUSEMENT.
notice that this one school building cost about eleven times as much as did all the Grammar school buildings standing in Charlestown in 1834. The Harvard ranks perhaps next, ar- chitecturally, and although not in one of the older recognized styles, and capped by a massive cornice of painted wood, it has a look of dignity. The High School building, while also show- ing an attempt to realize something new in effect and detail, is a pretty good one. Of the other large structures of this class in town, it may be said that while they are rather plain, and do not teach much in art or beauty, they may be fairly consid- ered superior to not a few of their date, and even more costly, seen in the country. The primary school-houses, it should be added, are, while smaller and plainer, both neat and convenient. The number of scholars in the Charlestown schools, in 1886, averaged according to the Report, 2,241 primary (49 teachers), and 3,065 grammar (59 teachers), or a total of 5,306 scholars with 108 teachers.
PLACES OF AMUSEMENT.
Turning from instruction to amusement we find that build- ings for the latter can be briefly described. There are none. The town never had a theatre or a concert-room, yet it has occasionally been favored by visits of a circus. For entertain- ments of the sort provided by the last, there was a comparatively permanent structure of boards and canvas that stood near the southeasterly corner of the Waverley House before and after 1828. It was called the "Charlestown Circus," and there old citizens speak of having seen the "Forty Thieves" performed with live horses as well as actors ; there also was shown H. A. Barker's Panorama of the Battle of Paris (1814), "painted on 3,024 feet of canvas." In the old Town Hall there were con- certs and other occasional performances, as also there have been at a more recent date in Waverley and Monument Halls, in each of which, as well as in the Navy Yard, a stage has been fitted up, where amateurs have agrecably given plays. Observ- ers of the changes in thought and practice will notice that a more permanent stage is found in the Hall of the Young Men's Christian Association, and used in a similar manner.
74
A CENTURY OF TOWN LIFE.
MONUMENTS.
Charlestown still has, honorably preserved, one of those treas- uries of family history usually found in the older towns of New England, that, if apt to be of moderate value in art, are sure to be of great interest, and an important part of the local records ; indeed of the quiet village, or of the place grown to be a city, they are apt to be the only chronicles in stone.
The Old Burial-Ground here is still all this after existing through more than two centuries, with their wear and change, including as they have the stress of war and risks of hostile occupation. Probably within fifteen years of the settlement one of the most retired and picturesque spots on the peninsula was chosen and used as the last resting-place of the towns- people. It was a green little knoll, around two sides of which flowed the then clear waters of a bay in the west bank of Charles River. There to the scattered stones set up by earlier generations more and more were added, until the ground was crowded. By degrees the buildings of the increasing town grew nearer, and at length pressed close on every side, so that now it is quite hemmed in, and, if the truth is said, by objects far from beautiful. Yet stones and turf, tombs and some good- sized trees, are well kept ; some of the stones are moved or gone, but on the whole fair care is bestowed on the now scarce used, but always precious old place. Around the border curves a nar- row carriage road, at the inner side of which, with slight inter- ruption for two thirds of the distance, are ranges of brick tombs whitewashed ; back of them on the slopes are the thickly set stones, among which, here and there, are large altar-shaped mon- uments dating from long before the present century, and others taller erected later. On the top of the hill is a granite obelisk 15 feet highi, 4 feet square at the base, and 2 feet at the top, put there in 1828 by alumni of Harvard, in memory of the minister whose name is borne by their College. " In piam et perpetuam memoriam," and other dutiful words, have already crumbled from the marble slabs then exposed upon the granite, but the memory of the honored pastor is still cherished, and there is an opportunity for some one to renew the inscription.
75
MONUMENTS.
Few burial-grounds in New England can still show older stones. At least six here are before 1670, and several are of the first settlers or their children, and some are of persons born, or adults, before the town was even thought of, or its site really explored.
Nearly all the earlier stones are short thick slabs of greenish slate, often embellished with a death's head, and are remark- ably well preserved. A few are red sandstone, that was used more, yet not a great deal, during the first half of the last cen- tury. Purple slate in larger pieces then superseded both ma- terials, and white marble, the least durable of all, came into use chiefly in this century.
In April, 1887, the writer copied the dates of deaths, and the names as there spelled, on all, or nearly all, the stones dated before 1700. All, early and late, are generally grouped by families, and arranged so that they would be on a slope of the knoll towards the part of the town where the persons buried had lived. In the southeasterly quarter are found Austin, Abi- gail, 1693, Richard, 1694; Bacheler, William, 1669 (of red sandstone striped with yellow, looking as if brought from the west of England); Betts, Mary, 1678; Bickner, John, 1678; Baxter, John, 1688, and William, 1691 ; Brackenbury, William, 1668 (an inhabitant, 1629, and an original grantee), and Dor- cas, wife of Jolin (Brakenbery), 1682; Beniamin, Joshua, 1684; Brooke, John, 1687; Cary, Hanah, 1672; Cutler, John, 1676, Margret, 1680, and Margret, 1680 (all on one stone with three heads) ; Caswell, Mary, 1705; Carter, Ann, 1679, Thomas, 1694, Esther, 1709 ; Chamberlen, John, 1684; Chalkley, Robert, 1672; Cleasby, Jolin, 1695; Codman, Beniamin, 1689, Susana, 1690-1, Hephzibah, 1690-1; Stephen (Codmon), 1706; Cookery, Henry, 1704; Davis, Nath ?! , 1690; Dows, Lawrane, 1692, Elizabeth, 1698, Capt. Nathaniel, 1719; Elasson, Samuel, 1694 ; Foster, William, 1698; Gerrish, Henry, 1678; Gill, Josiah, 1708; Griffin, Samuel, 1705-6 ; Hill, Prudence, 1711 ; Hockey, Mary, 1678; Huchenson, Thomas, 1692; Hurd, Jacob, 1694, Sarah, 1711, Elizabeth, 1715; JJenner, Mabel, 1702, Rebecca, 1702; Kidder, Mary, 1707; Lee, Rebekah, 1692; Larkin, Thomas, 1677, Lydia, 1719; Lord, Samuel, 1696; Loyd, Han-
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A CENTURY OF TOWN LIFE.
nah, 1699 ; Long, John, 1678, Sarah, 1674, Joan, 1691; Luke, George, 1691; Moarton, Anna, 1690; Newell, Mary, 1684, Margaret, 1689, John and Hannah, 1704 ; Nicholls, Sarah, 1678; Payen, Abigail, 1688, Edward (Pain), 1691; Parker, Daniel, 1694, Ann, 1719; Penney, Tamizian, 1710; Price, Hannah, 1698; Rand, Edmond, 1683, Thomas, 1683, Alice (wife of Rob- ert, an inhabitant, 1635). 1691, Sarah, 1699; John, 1712, Me- hetabel, 1717; Russell, Richard, 1689; Somers, Henry, 1708; Stower, Richard (who " arrived 1628," Town Rec.), 1693, and another, 1693 ; Trumbal, John, 1693, Samuel (Trumball), 1706; Tpham, John, 1677 ; Wilson, Sarah, 1689, Mary, 1696.
Around the top of the hill there are (S. E.) Breed, Ebenezer, 1715; Hayman, Grace, 1683; Ioann Jacob, 1681; Killen, Han- nah, 1690; Linde, Thomas, 1678; Mousel, Thomas, 1713 (æ. abt. 81) ; Scott, John (æ. 75), 1681; Symmes, Timothy, 1678; Waite, Lydia, 1700 ; Waldo, Hannah, 1704.
(S. W.). Allen, Thomas, 1694; Anderson, John (æ. 3 mos.), 1675; Bentle, John, 1690, Mary, 1690, Sarah (Bentley), 1692 (three infant children of Capt. Richard) ; Blaney, Sarah, 1694; Cary, James, 1681; Elisone, Sarah, 1680 ; Haiden, Elizabeth, 1680; Jamison, Sarah, 1691 ; Jones, Isaac, 1683, Thomas (Ioanes), 1686 ; Kettell, Mercy, 1692, Ensign Samuel, 1694; Ludkin, An, 1680, Aron, 1694; Newcom, Michael and Anna, 1692; Patten, William, 1711 ; Stevens, William, 1702; Tarball, Susanna, 1690; Wellsted, Samvel, 1684; Wilson, William, 1690, John, 1697.
( W.). In a row facing the Harvard obelisk, John Fornell (æ. 18), the oldest upright slab, 1654; Joanna Conuers (æ. 86), 1672; William Bartholomew (x. 78), 1680 ; Mary Greene (æ. 4), 1666 ; Faithful Rouse (æ. 75), 1664. Back of these are Phil- lips, Henry, 1680, William, 1687, Capt. Timothy, 1711 (some not as old of Larance family) ; Call, Jonathan, 1684, Ann, 1699, Waffe, 1703, Hannah, 1708; Edmands, Elizabeth, 1678, Daniel (Edmans), 1688; Kettell, Richard, 1690, Abigail, 1690, Joseph, 1711 ; Lowden, Samuel, 1682, Mary, 1683, Richard, 1700 (æ. SS, an inhabitant in 1638); Martin, Capt. Richard, 1694; Wayt, John (a peculiar black slate), 1704-5, John (Waite), 1690.
(N. W.). In a front row, Elizabeth Greene, 1680; Caleb Greene, 1684; Sarah Ryall, 1688. Back of them, Joseph
77
MONUMENTS.
Greene (æ. 4 weeks), 1690 ; Thomas Peirce, 1693; Iane Phurus (æ. 82), 1686 ; Solomon Phipps, 1671 (a peculiar black, vol- canic-looking stone). On the north side of the path up from the gate, Adams, Nicolas, 1685, Ann, 1688, Hannah, 1699; Anna Keettell, 1678; Bunker, Beniamin, 1702, Ionathan (Bvncker), 1678 (born 1638, in C., son of Geo. who came there in 1634).
On the other slopes of the knoll (S., S. W., and W.) there are fewer stones, but on them (in the direction E. to W.) are the following : William Dadey, 1682; Jane Hammond, 1681, and Abigail, 1673-4; Beniamin Soleley, 1688; Andrew Stimson, 1686; do., 1683; Seth Sweetser (æ. 56), 1662 (these seven are near steps from the east) ; James Smith, 1678; Jolin Fownell, 1673 (a black, volcanic-looking stone) ; Mary Hudson, formerly his wife, 1676; Sarah Robinson,, 1694; Stephen Keeder, 1697, Ruth Euertun, 1692; Samuel Mould, 1697, and Edward, 1696 (two children) ; Amy Peatfild (æ. 76), 1691 ; Nicholas Johnson, 1710 (also two very old undated stones of Nicholas and of Isaac). To the southward most of the comparatively few stones are not old ; an old undated one is of George Fowle ; another, Rebekah Storer, 1710. S. W. arc Mary Brovne (æ. 22), 1678; two large slabs of very fine red sandstone are of Dr. John Chiek- ering, 1676, and Mehetabel Browne, 1676; "I. H., 1669," is of green stone ; of Brigden, are Michacl (æ. 2), 1695, do. (æ. 45), 1709, and Timothy, 1700; of Ballatt, Iohn, 1702, and Lt. Sam- uel, 1708; Ioanna Crisp (æ. 79), 1698; of Fosdick, Anna, wife of John, 1679, and Mary, daughter of James, 1704-5; of Ket- tell, Sarah, 1692, Abigail, wife of Jonathan, 1690, Richard, 1690, Joseph, son of Dea. Jos., 1704-5; of Damman, John, 1691, Susanna, 1695 ; of Mousel, Elizabeth, 1685, John (Mousell), 1703. The 59 stones to over 70 members of the once, and for over two centuries, numerous families of Frothingham are ar- ranged northwestward, towards the original (1630) grant to William (p. 151), the earliest with dates being Anna (æ. 67, wife of Wm., and an original settler, 1630), 1674, Sarah, 1683, Nathaniel, 1688, Peter (x. 53), 1688; and Mary his widow, 1703; without dates, yet evidently very old, there are several. This name is here far more fully represented than any other.
.
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A CENTURY OF TOWN LIFE.
Of altar-shaped tombs, with sides of brick or of broken stone, and red sandstone (or other) tops of one large slab, there are 18. A few have lost the base and the slab is on the ground, and the inscriptions on some are illegible (marked below, il.). Farthest east is the tomb of Col. Michael Gill, 1720 (about a foot liigh, slab 63 x 31 ft.) ; next, John Long, 1684 (1 ft. high, slab granite, 52 x 23 ft.) ; one il., 2 ft. high, pale slab, 6 ft. 5 in. x 3} feet; another il., 11 ft. high, gray slab split, and corners broken, 52 x 2 ft. 11 in. Southerly is a row of five tombs, one il., slab on the ground ; then Abigail, wife of James Russell, 1709, 53 x 22 ft .; James Russell, 1709; gray slab, Mavd Russell, 1642 (the earliest date on the ground) ; and Richard Russell, 1676, renewed by the family in 1787 (all these four are about 11 ft. high) ; and beyond, a gray slab, il., on the ground. Near the top of the knoll are Judge John Phillips, 1725, Katharine, 1698, and Henry, son of John, 1729 (?), in one tomb with a gray slab, 74 x 3} ft. ; one, il., is on the ground. Near the foot of the slope, S. E., is William Stitson, date il .; near the top of the knoll, S. E. one about 2 ft. high, gray slab, il., now No. 70. South of the Harvard obelisk, and near it, is the best finished of all these tombs, 22 ft. high, with sides, as well as top (64 x 3 ft.), of red sandstone, the tomb of the " Min- isters of the first church " (as stated on a white marble slab at the end, placed there at the cost of the writer), where several who died during or before the Revolution were buried. S. W. is one of David Newell, with new brick sides ; another il. ; and N. W. a third, also illegible.
At the foot of the slope, N. W., are nine brick tombs with pur- ple slate slabs, in the round heads of which are family arms cut in a style far superior to any other elaborated carving in the Ground. From E. to W. they are of Hon. Jonat. Dows, 1725; Ezekiel Cheever, 1744; Hon. Charles Chambers, 1743 [beside it a slab of fine red slate, no arms, to Rev. T. Prentiss, 1817]; Jenner, 1725; Foster, Sarah, 1724, Hon. Richard, 1774, etc .; Jonathan Lemmon, 1724 [here, a white marble slab, no arms, to Hon. James Russell, 1798, Katharine, 1778, and their chil- dren]; Thomas Greaves, 1747; David Wood, 1762 [Wyer, Soley, Sam. Henley, three tombs without arms]; and Samuel
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