USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > Newburyport > City Officers and the Annual Reports to the City Council of Newburyport 1885 > Part 9
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GENTLEMEN-The board of Overseers of the Poor, to whom is en- trusted the distribution of the incomes accruing from these funds, would respectfully report that the income from the Dexter fund for the year ending Dec. 31, 1885, amounting to $90.00, has been di- vided among the three overseers, giving $30.00 to each.
The income from the Atwood fund, $293.50, has been divided in a similar manner, giving $97.50 to each overseer, and has been dis- tributed according to the will of the donors in the following manner :
In wards 1 and 2, the $30 of the Dexter fund, with $30 remaining on hand at the close of last year-$60, has been distributed among 8 persons, in sums from $2 to $6 each, leaving $30 on hand at the close of the year.
In wards 3 and 4, the $30 of the Dexter fund, nothing remaining over from last year, has been distributed among 12 persons in sums from $1 to $5 each, leaving nothing on hand at the close of the year.
In wards 5 and 6, the $30 of the Dexter fund has been distributed among 13 persons in sums from $2 to $3 each, leaving nothing in the overseers' hands of the fund at the close of the year.
In wards 1 and 2. the $97.50 of the Atwood fund, with the balance of last year, 862.49. makes $159. 99, $144.16 of which has been distributed among 34 persons in sums from $1 to $6 each, leaving $15 83 of this fund on hand at the close of the year.
In wards 3 and 4, the $97.50 of the Atwood fund, with $203.05 on hand at the close of last year, makes $300.55 of this fund ; $50 was paid to L. W. Sargent, who purchased and supplied wood and coal to 16 families, $10 were paid to W. H. Bayley, who supplied clothing to 4 persons ; $10 was paid to Mrs. Edwards, who supplied 7 persons with clothing ; $5 was given to Mrs. Blake to supply 3 families ; $91.20 was distributed among 25 families in sums from 1 to 6 each, leaving a balance of this fund of $134.50 on hand at the close of the year.
207
REPORT ON DEXTER AND ATWOOD PUND.
In wards 5 and 6, the $98.50 of the Atwood fund with $58 on hand at the close of last year, makes $156.50 ; $61 of this fund has been distributed among 22 families in sums from $1 to $5 each, leaving a balance on hand of $95.50 at the close of the year.
At the close of the year there remained in the Overseers' hands :
Wards one and two. $30 00 $15 83
three and four 134 50
66 five and six .. 95 50
The individual names of the recipients of these funds are on file in the office of the Overseers of the Poor, subject to inspection.
Respectfully submitted,
CHARLES NOYES, - Overseers L. W. SARGENT, of
J. C. STEVENS, the Poor.
Newburyport, Dec. 31. 1885.
REPORT
OF THE
BOARD OF HEALTH
OF THE
CITY OF NEWBURYPORT.
1885.
BOARD OF HEALTH.
E. P. HURD. CHAIRMAN.
JOHN L. DODGE. „AMOS H. GEARY,
GEORGE H. STEVENS, SEC'Y. J. M. TAPPAN, AGENT.
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
To His Honor the Mayor and City Council of the City of New- buryport.
GENTLEMEN :- The following is a statement of appropriation and expenditures for the Board of Health for the year ending Dec. 31, 1885 :
Annual appropriation $400 00
EXPENDITURES.
Salaries of officers $200 00
Meteorological observations, books and instruments .214 00
Iucidentals, burying deadanimals, etc 20 50 $434 50
Amount overdrawn. $34 50 Amount charged to this department for the removal of house and shop ashes and rubbish for the months of January, February, March and April, but in no way controlled by the Board $282 24
Total overdraft. $316 74
The ordinary expenses of the board for the year were $434.50. The amount charged to this account for the removal of ashes and rubbish, $282.24 for the first four months of the year should not properly be chargeable to this department, as the board have noth- ing to do in controlling its expense, although such removal has the hearty approval of the board, as tending to a greater degree of cleanliness. The expenses of the board will not at any time much exceed the present year unless called upon to combat diseases of an infectious character, which the safety of the community would re- quire at their hands.
At the organization of the board for the year 1885 the possibility
212
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
of a visitation of the Asiatic cholera was discussed and measures at once taken to put the city in as favorable a condition for its recep- tion as possible : profiting by experience of the fact which shows un- mistakably that the more filthy the community the greater the rav- ages of the disease. Rules and regulations were at once adopted prohibiting the keeping of swine within certain prescribed limits ; these rules and regulations were very generally observed, there be- ing but nine cases of violation brought to the attention of the board, one tenement house situated in the "Vinegar Hill District" was di- rected to be cleaned by its owner and occupants and made fit for human beings to dwell in, which order being disregarded, legal pro- ceedings were had and the house vacated by its inmates. The effi- cient agent of the board during the heated period of the year has been pretty well occupied in investigating grounds of complaint where the rules and regulations of the board had been violated, and with a single exception the directions of the board with respect to the abatement of any nuisance detrimental to the health of the com- munity have been complied with.
The prevalence of small pox in communities at no great distance from us and easily and continuously communicated with, gave the board no little anxiety as to its outcome in this city. It is not a pleasant visitor, and calling to mind the old adage that "an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure" vaccination was pretty thoroughly attended to, judging from the part this board had in the matter ; 485 cases were successfully treated by the city physician.
The law requiring notice to this board of the existence of any con- tagious disease by the attending physician has been fairly complied with during the past year ; twenty-one cases of scarlet fever and one case of diptheria being reported, three of which proved fatal.
The situation of our city on ground sloping towards tide water is so favorable for drainage that with little care exercised there could be no great accumulations of filth ; a system of sewerage construct- ed on scientific principles is desirable and would prove of great pub- lic benefit : there is not in the country a place where the conditions are so favorable (in the nature of the soil to be excavated and the natural grade of the streets) to secure such a benefit, and at no very considerable expense.
Since the introduction of the water at the Bartlett Springs into the city by the Newburyport Water Co. we have a never failing and
STATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF DEATHS IN NEWBURYPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDING DEC. 31, 1885,
.
CAUSES OF DEATH.
Males. ..
Females .
Total
January .
March .
April
May ......
June . . .
August . .
September. .
November . .
December ...
Under 1 year
1 to 2 years. .
2 to 5 years. .
5 to 10 years.
10 to 15 years
15 to 20 years
20 to 30 years
30 to 40 years
40 to 50 years
50 to 60 years
60 to 70 years
70 to 80 years
80 to 90 years
90 & upwards
CLASS I .- Zymotie Diseases : Diphtheria .
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
1.
1
Croup
2
3
5
2
3
1
1
3
Scarlet Fever.
·>
2
1
1
1
1
Typhoid Fever
2
2
1
1
1
1
Typho Malarial Fever
1
1
1
1
CLASS II .- Constitutional :
Consumption.
20
23
43
3 8
2 21 2 5
7
3
2
4
4
6 10 00 8 76
2
Cancer
1
2
3
1
1
1
Dropsy
1
1
2
1
1
1
Hydrocephalus
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
2. 2
Inanition
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Marasmus
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
CLASS III .- Local Diseases :
Anæmia. .
1
1
1
1
1
2
2 1 3 ..
Brain Disease
2
5
7
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
Bright's Disease
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Bronchitis
2
1
3
2
1
3
Billious Fever
1
1
1
1
Convulsions.
2
1
3
1
2
1
Blood Poisoning
1
1
1
1
Epilepsy.
1
1
1
1
Embolism
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1.
Cholera Infantum
4
5
9
2
8 1
Intestinal Catarrh.
1
1
1
1
Canker
1
1
1:
1
Prostatitis .
1
1
11
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Hemorrhage of Bowels
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Heart Disease
4
10 14
2
21. 1
2
4
2
2 2
2
Hepatitis
1
1
1
Tuhereular Meningitis
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
3 213.
Puerperal Fever
2
2
2
Insanity
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Nephritis . .
1
1
2
1
1
1
Cirrhosis of Liver
1
1
1
1
CLASS IV .- Developmental Diseases :
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
10
20
30
1
4
1
2 3
7
4
4 1 2
915 6
Premature Birth
1
1
2
2
Teething
1
1
1
1
Still born
5
2
7
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7i
Cyanosis
1
1
2
1|
1
1 1
CLASS V .- Violent Deaths :
Alcoholism
2
1
3
..
1
1
1
2
1
Aecideutal
2
2
Suicide . .
1
1
1
Instrumental Delivery
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
.
TOTALS
109 130 239
16 29 19 16 16 17 23 29 17 21 19 17
40 813 9 2
5 17 15 16 26 21 26 34 7
3
6
9
2,
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
. .
1
Paralysis
9
10
19
2
5 2|
2 1
3
1
15471
Pneumonia. .
5
8
13
1
5
Nervous Debility
1
Septicemia.
Metritis
2
1
Peretonitis .
2
2
1
3
2:3 ..
1
2
1
1
Softening of Brain Gastritis. .
2
1
Inflamation of Bowels
1
1
1
Congenital Debility
Old Age.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Unknown
February.
. .
. .
July
. .
October . . . .
1
2
Diarrhoea.
1
Apoplexy.
1
213
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
abundant supply of almost absolutely pure spring water, and it is a matter of great satisfaction that this water for domestic use is be- coming so general, as it must act beneficially on the health of our citizens ; it is not possible to draw pure water from wells sunk in the ground that has been used for cess-pools and every other abom- ination for a space of 250 years, even with our happy condition for surface drainage.
It is with a great deal of satisfaction that we announce the con- tinuance of the meteorological observations under the direction of this board ; these observations to be of any use must be continued through a series of years. At the commencement of the past year, when our former observer, Karl Castelhun, was obliged to give it up, it was feared there would be no one to follow him in the good work who would do the work so faithfully for such compensation as was within the means of the board to offer ; they were fortunate in securing the services of Francis V. Pike, and are confident the man- tle of Castelhun has fallen on worthy shoulders. Appended to this report is the annual report of the meteorological observer, to which attention is particularly called.
The death rate for the year is less than for a number of years pre- vious ; nothing of an epidemic character occurring. Fatal cases of the so called Zymotic diseases are of a less number than usual. The number of deaths of children under ten years has decreased, and of sixty years and upwards, increased. For further information atten- tion is invited to the tabular list of diseases and other statistical in- formation herewith appended.
I. B. BOLTON, Board A. H. GEARY, of Health.
J. L. DODGE,
28
REPORT ON THE METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR THE YEAR 1885.
To the Board of Health:
GENTLEMEN :- I have the honor to present the sixth annual report on the meteorological observations in this city.
During the first half of the year the observations were taken by the former observer, Mr. Castelhun, who remained in charge of the work until July 14th. From that time until October 1st, when the present observer took charge, the records are incomplete, though the most important observations, as those of temperature and pre- cipitation, were made regularly from August 1st to October 1st by the present observer in the capacity of a voluntary observer of the New England Meteorological Society. These observations were made with the standard instruments belonging to the city and are therefore recorded with those taken before and since, and can be re- lied upon as accurate.
To complete the remaining records ,including those of atmos- pheric pressure, relative humidity, and movement and direction of wind from July 13th to Oct. 1st, and of temperature, pre- cipitation and general characteristics of the weather from July 13th to August 1st, interpolations have been made from the records of the U. S. Signal Service at Boston. These interpolations have been made by comparison of similar ob- servations for several months in which the records are complete at both stations, and deducing therefrom the necessary corrections to be applied to the Boston records for the months in which our rec- ords are incomplete, so as to obtain the correct figures to apply to this station. The successful accomplishment of this work has been
216
METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
largely due to the courtesies extended by Sergeant Cole, the observ- er in Boston.
The instruments in use at the present time are, with one or two exceptions, the same that have been used in former years. During the month of December there was purchased a new rain gauge, of a pattern recommended by high scientific authority as more accurate than the gauge formerly used here. In a comparison of simultane- ous records obtained from the two gauges it has been found that the old gauge registers a small percentage more of precipitation than the new one. If this is found to be the case in a long series of ob- servations we may conclude that the precipitation recorded for the past few years has been somewhat too great.
The station is on somewhat higher ground than formerly, the ele- vation of the cistern of the barometer above mean sea level being about 72.7 feet.
The following tables will show the conditions which have prevailed during the past year, and also as compared with the average condi- tions as deduced from the means of the past six years. These aver- age conditions are, for the sake of brevity, styled "normals," al- though to establish trustworthy normals for any given station the observations should have extended over a period of many more years.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE (INCHES.) TABLE I.
1885.
Depart. from
Mo.
Normal.
Mean.
Normal.
Max.
Min.
Range.
January
.30.084
30.018
-. 066
30.781
29.229
1.552
February
.30.063
29.922
-. 141
30.365
28.940
1.425
March.
.29.925
29.970
1.045
30.474
29.372
1.102
April.
.29.906
29.968
+.062
30.511
29.287
1.224
May
29.986
29.997
1.011
30.326
29.538
0.788
June
29.932
29.930
-. 002
30.246
29.362
0.884
July
29.901
29.933
+.032
30.198
29.595
0.603
August
. 30.003
29.949
-. 054
30.235
29.591
0.644
September
.. 30.039
30.016
-. 023
30.365
29.170
1.195
October.
.30.074
30.014
-. 060
30.336
29.231
1.105
November
30.055
29.895
-. 160
30.358
29.509
0.849
December.
30.011
29.933
-. 078
30.705
29.019
1.686
Mear
29.998
29.962
-. 036
30.408
29.320
1.088
The annual mean barometer was 29.962 inches, which was 0.036 inch below the normal. The highest barometer during the year
217
METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
was 30.781 inches, on the 3d of January, and the lowest was 28.940 on the 10th of February. Annual range 1.841 inch. Five times during the year the pressure rose above 30.5 inches, accompanied by clear, cold, dry weather, but generally followed within a day or two by rapidly falling pressure and a storm. Eight times it was ob- served below 29.3 inches, each time in connection with high temper- ature, large percentage of moisture, high winds and precipitation. Some of the most rapid changes of pressure during the year were as follows :
TABLE II.
Date.
Rise in 24 hours.
Accom. by High wind. Rapid fall in temp.
Followed by
Jan. 1. 0.757 in
66
60
Cold, fair weather. Warmer. S W, rain Fair weather.
" 17. 0.991 "
Cold, fair weather.
6. 21. 0.745 .
66
Warmer. Snow storm.
" 26
0.779 "
Colder. NE
" 28.
0.765 “
66
Colder.
Fair, cold weather.
Feb. 10. 0.980 "
Rapid fall in temp.
Warmer. SW rain.
Dec 7.
0.770
66
and snow squalls.
S rain.
Date.
Fall in 24 hours.
Accompanied by
Followed by
Jan. 11. 0,764 inch.
High wind. Warmer S W rain. High wind rap.fall tem. 66 66
" 16. 0.891 "
N E snow storm. 66
60
Colder.
Feb.
9. 1.169 '
66 Warmer.
Heavy S. E. rain.
66
rap. fall tem.
()ct. 29. 0.778 "
High wind. NE
66
Colder, brisk N wind. Fair weather. W
Dec. 13. 0.974 "
S
66
High wind rap.fall tem.
TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR.
TABLE III.
-1885.
Mo.
Normal.
Mean.
Normal. Max.
Min.
6 yrs.
6 yrs.
January
.25 1
24.4
-0.7
60.0
-6.5
60.0
-13.5
February
27.5
19.3
-8.2
45.0
-5.0
64.0
5.0
March.
31.4
27.0
-4.4
60.0
0.0
70.0
0.0
April.
43.7
45.7
+2.0
86.5
25.0
86.5
19.0
May
54.8
52.9
-1.9
85.0
33.5
96.0
30.0
June.
.65.2
66.1
+0.9
94.0
44.0
94.0
42.0
July.
.68 9
69 8
+0.9
93.0
52.0
97.0
49.0
August
.. 67.8
66.1
-1.7
88.2
42.3
95.5
42.3
September
.61.4
57.1
-4.3
81.7
36.5
97.0
36.5
October.
50.1
48.8
-1.3
75.0
29.8
87.0
25.0
November.
.39.3
40.3
+1.0
67.2
19.6
72.0
11.0
December.
30.0
30.6
+0.6
61.4
10.2
61.4
-12.0
Mean
47.1
4.57
-1.4
74.8
23.5
81.7
18.7
“ 9.
0.744 “
12. 0.905
66
66
Apr. 6. 0.747
15. 0.876 “
S E rain storm.
Nov. 1. 0.805 "
SE 66
Depart from
Max. for Min. for
" 27. 0.712 '
218
METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
The annual mean temperature was 45.7 degrees, which is 1.4 degrees below the normal. The highest temperature, 94 degrees, occurred on the 16th of June ; the lowest-6.5 degrees, on the 29th of January. Annual range 100.5 degrees. The highest tempera- ture recorded here in the past six years is 97 degrees, in 1880 and 1881; the lowest-13.5 degrees in 1882 ; range 110.5 degrees.
RANGE OF TEMPERATURE. TABLE IV.
Mo.
Nor. Mo. Range.
Mo. Range Nor. Daily 1885.
Range.
Mean.
Max.
Min.
January
53.8
66.5
15.9
17.0
28.0
8.0
February
.. 53.4
50.0
17.5
17.0
30.0
8,0
March.
.51.7
60.0
16.6
18.5
30.0
9.0
April
53.7
61.5
19.3
20.7
42.0
4.0
May.
55.6
51.5
20.3
17.4
30.0
4.0
June.
47.9
50.0
22.5
23.5
37.0
6.0
July
43.4
41.0
20.4
18.8
29.0
9.0
August
46.5
45.9
20.5
17.7
27.8
10.7
September
48.0
45.2
18.1
22.0
31.5
11.7
October
52.8
45.2
18.3
17.5
30.1
8.7
November
.51.7
47.6
16.0
14.7
27.2
5.3
December
55.7
51.2
14.7
16.4
33.2
7.4
Mean
.51.2
51.3
18.3
18.4
31.3.
7.8
The exceptionally cold or hot days of the year were as follows :
TABLE V.
Date.
Min. Temp.
Date.
Max. Temp.
Jan. 3. .
0.0
June 16
.94.0
6. 22.
-3.5
July
8
90.0
"+ 23.
4.0
. 6
9
93.0
" 28.
-1.0
17
92.0
' 29.
-6.5
66
18.
90.0
30
0.0
24.
90.0
Feb. 2.
-1.0
25
92.5
3
-5.0
66
26
92.0
“ 12
-2.0
Mar. 13
0.0
Daily Range-1885.
The first sixteen days of January were warm, but after the 17th very cold weather began and lasted without interruption until the last week in February, making the latter month the coldest month in six years. Cold weather continued almost through March, bring- ing the mean of that month far below the normal. Very much warmer weather was experienced in April, the maximum tempera-
219
METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
ture (86.5 degrees) being several degrees higher than any previous April record at this station. May, June and July brought good sea- sonable weather without extremes of heat. August, September and October were unusually cool, the maximum temperature not reach- ing 90 degrees after the month of July. November was somewhat warmer than usual, while December passed with the temperature above 10 degrees throughout the month.
The last snow of the spring was on the 26th of April, and the first one of the fall on the 31st of October. There were no killing frosts in the late spring or fall, and the rainfall was so well distributed that the year was a very favorable one for agriculture.
The intense cold of the month of February had a very significant effect on the death rate, which was higher for that month than for any other month of the year. A large proportion of the deaths dur- ing that month were from pulmonary diseases. During the two months of August and October, also, the death rate was unusually high. These months were noted for the great percentage of moist- ure which prevailed.
The comparative moisture of the atmosphere during the year may be seen by the following table :
RELATIVE HUMIDITY (PER CENT.)
TABLE VI.
-1885-
Month.
Normal.
Mean.
Departure from Normal.
Max.
Min.
Range.
January
65.7
63.9
-1.8
100
23
77
February
66.2
61.2
-5.0
93
23
70
March
62.9
60.8
-2.1
95
17
78
April.
61.5
64.3
+2.8
100
23
77
May
70.2
72.8
+2.6
100
20
80
June.
70.6
78.1
-+7.5
100
47
53
July.
74.0
70.3
-3.7
97
25
72
August
76.0
76.1
+0.1
100
31
69
September
76.5
71.6
-4.9
100
30
70
October
.74.7
77.7
+3.0
100
21
79
November
69.1
74.5
+5.4
100
21
79
December
68.3
65.6
-2.7
96
18
74
Mean.
69.6
69.7
+0.1
98.4
24.9
73.5
The annual mean relative humidity (69.7 per cent) was very near the normal. The first four months were marked by small per- centages of moisture, but June, August and October offset these by
220
METEOROLOGICAL REOORT.
high percentages. On the 25th of November the humidity was 100 per cent at every observation. During this whole day heavy rain prevailed, the total amount (3.28 inches) being the greatest daily ly rainfall of the year. The 26th of December, on the other hand, was remarkably dry, the relative humidity being as low as 18 per cent at noon, and the mean for the day being 27.7 per cent. The day was cold, and a high north wind was blowing.
PRECIPITATION.
Closely allied to the percentage of suspended moisture is the actu- al precipitation of moisture in the form of rain and snow. The amount of precipitation may be seen by the following table :
PRECIPITATION (INCHES.) TABLE VII.
-1885
No. days Dur.
Mo.
Norm. Precip.
Total
Total
Total
Depart.
Depth
rain or
in
Rainfall. Melt. Sn. Precip. from Nor. Snow. snow fell. Hrs.
January
4.67
2.77
2.20
4.97
+-0.30
21.5
10
*
February
4.21
3.40
0.53
3.93
-0.28
4.5
8
*
March
3.61
0.50
0.47
0.97
-2.64
5.0
11
April
.3.06
4.80
0.14
4.94
+1.88
1.0
10
*
May.
3.65
4.36
4.36
+-0.71
11
June
. 2.57
·2.42
2.42
-0.15
7
*
July.
.3.48
1.63
1.63
-1 85
11
*
August.
2.72
5.77
5.77
+3.05
15
67
September
2.81
1.44
1.44
-1.37
9
41
October .
3.67.
6.81
0.02
6.83
+3.16
11
92
November
.3.17
5.84
0.75
6.59
+3.42
4.5
12
167
December
.3.58
1.88
1.30
3.18
-0.40
12.0
18
144
Sums
41.20
41.62
5.41
47.03
+5.83
48.5
133
Means
3.43
3.47
0.45
3.92
+0.49
11
*Records incomplete.
The total precipitation for the year was 47.03 inches, which is 5.83 above the normal. The total depth of snow fall (48.5 inches) was much less than usual.
Thunder storms in less than the usual numbers and of generally slight intensity prevailed in June, July and August, with one in Oc- tober. The total rainfall from these was about 4.50 inches. The last one of the season occurred during the heavy rain of October 3d.
WIND.
The present altitude of the anemometer above the ground is about
-
221
METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
45 feet. Its exposure is good from all directions but the southwest and west, on which sides it is slightly interfered with by high build- ings and trees. As a result of this low altitude as compared with the altitude of the anemometer at the signal station in Boston (about 140 feet), the total movement of the wind at this station for a pe- riod of months or years is only about one-half as great as that re- corded by the anemometer at Boston. The difference between the recorded velocities at the two stations is most noticeable in the night, when the wind, blowing more gently, is retarded by friction to a greater degree near the surface of the earth, while at an alti- tudes of 100 to 150 feet it moves along comparatively freely.
MOVEMENT OF THE WIND (MILES.) TABLE VIII.
-1885-
Mo.
Norm. Mo. Movement.
Monthly Movement.
Mean.
Max.
Mean Min. H'r Vel.
January .
.5369
5346
172 5
333
68
7.2
February
4787
5005
178.8
399
60
7.5
March
.5765
5382
173.7
280
62
7.2
April
4663
4440
148.0
253
34
6.2
May
4831
4136
133.4
308
54
5.6
June
3904
4531
151.0
252
72
6.3
July
.3575
2896
93.4
161
43
3.9
August
3538
3641
117.5
200
57
4.9
September
3789
3419
114.0
228
54
4.8
October
.3869
3089
99.6
217
54
4.2
November.
4533
4175
139.2
414
28
5.8
December
4851
4750
153.2
388
62
6.4
Means
4456
4234
139,5
286.1
54.0
5.8
The wind directions as observed at the tri-daily observations, are shown by the following table :
DIRECTION OF WIND. TABLE IX.
Mo.
N
NE
E
SE
S
SW
W
NW Calm.
Prevailing Direction.
January
4
8
0
0
0
44
24
13
()
W 14° 35'S
February
10
11
2
4
0
13
13
31
0
W 41 11 N
March.
6
10
0
1
0
37
11
28
0
W 5 16 N
April
0
15
3
7
0
30
2
33
0
W 15 23 N
May
2
27
1
17
3
26
4
13
0
E 63 26 S
June. .
2
8
0
1
2
52
4
21
0
W 19 26 S
July.
8
5
12
9
11
17
15
10
6
W 41 11 S
August
10
5
12
10
9
19
13
15
0
W 21 48 S
September
4
6
6
4
18
18
18
14
2
W 25 12 S
October
11
7
20
3
15
9
15
10
3
W 14 2N
November.
24
16
4
3
3
14
18
6
2
W 60 1N
December .. .
19
2
0
4
9
15
22
21
1
W 15 4 N
100
120
60
63
70
294
159
215
14
W 1
5 N
-Daily Movement-
29
222
METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
The total movement of wind, 50,810 miles, is somewhat less than that of the two preceding years in which it has been observed at this station. The prevailing direction was W 1 deg. 5 min. N (or al- most due west) which is very nearly the normal direction for this station.
Since the 1st of October the maximum velocity of wind has been recorded each day in addition to the velocities recorded at the times of regular observation. The maximum velocity is obtained by not- ing at the 9 p. m. observation of each day the time required, as shown by the self-registering apparatus, for the passage of one mile of wind for that time during the preceding twenty-four hours when the wind was blowing the hardest. The number of minutes in an hour divided by the time of one mile of wind, as explained above. gives the velocity of wind at that time in miles per hour. A veloc- ity of 25 miles per hour is termed by the U. S. Signal Service a "'high wind." and justifies the display of cautionary signals. High winds were observed as follows after October 1st :
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